id stringlengths 10 35 | image imagewidth (px) 1.2k 3.58k | card_type stringclasses 8
values | source stringclasses 10
values | license stringclasses 5
values | source_url stringclasses 9
values | target_schema stringclasses 9
values | target_schema_nuextract stringclasses 9
values | silver_nuextract stringlengths 233 1.07k | silver_gold stringlengths 233 4.34k | gold_status stringclasses 1
value | item_quality stringclasses 3
values | schema_verdict stringclasses 3
values | output_accuracy stringclasses 3
values | uncertain_fields listlengths 1 7 | review_notes stringlengths 654 1.59k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
roots-copyright-form-loc-A783281 | registration form | Library of Congress — Copyright Application Records (coprecbooks-00493874652, p.0567) | public-domain (US govt record) | https://www.loc.gov/item/coprecbooks-00493874652/ | {"type": "object", "properties": {"registration_number": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "class": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "claimants": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"type": "string"}, "address": {"type": "string"}}}}, "title": {"type": "string", "x-match":... | {
"registration_number": "verbatim-string",
"class": "verbatim-string",
"claimants": [{"name": "string", "address": "string"}],
"title": "verbatim-string",
"authors": [{"name": "string", "citizenship": "string", "domiciled_in_usa": ["Yes","No"], "address": "string"}],
"date_of_publication": "date",
"new_m... | {
"registration_number": "A 783281", "class": "A",
"claimants": [{"name": "Alex Haley", "address": "Whithorn P.A., Westmoreland, Jamaica, West Indies"}],
"title": "ROOTS",
"authors": [{"name": "Alex Haley", "citizenship": "U.S.A.", "domiciled_in_usa": "Yes", "address": "Whithorn P.A., Westmoreland, Jamaica, Wes... | {
"registration_number": "A 783281",
"class": "A",
"claimants": [
{"name": "Alex Haley", "address": "Whithorn P.A., Westmoreland, Jamaica, West Indies"}
],
"title": "ROOTS",
"authors": [
{"name": "Alex Haley", "citizenship": "U.S.A.", "domiciled_in_usa": "Yes", "address": "same as above"}
],
"da... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | sensible | minor-errors | [
"authors[0].address — form reads 'same as above'; gold uses that verbatim, but a reviewer may prefer the resolved claimant address depending on the verbatim-vs-normalize convention",
"authors[0] handwritten blue annotation '~w/c H' near the name — examiner mark of uncertain meaning, intentionally excluded from go... | Strong benchmark item. This is the genuine US Copyright Office Form A for Alex Haley's "Roots" (Reg. A 783281, publ. 17 Sept 1976), Library of Congress. Single form, page 1, sections 1-6 all clean and legible; faint bleed-through/mirror text appears at the page edges (sections 7-11 from the back) but does not interfere... | |
roots-copyright-form-loc-A783281-p2 | registration form | Library of Congress — Copyright Application Records (coprecbooks-00493874652, p.0568) | public-domain (US govt record) | https://www.loc.gov/item/coprecbooks-00493874652/ | {"type": "object", "properties": {"deposit_account_name": {"type": "string"}, "correspondence_contact": {"type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"type": "string"}, "address": {"type": "string"}}}, "send_certificate_to": {"type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"type": "string"}, "address": {"type": "string"}}}, "ce... | {
"deposit_account_name": "string",
"correspondence_contact": {"name": "string", "address": "string"},
"send_certificate_to": {"name": "string", "address": "string"},
"certification_signed": ["Yes","No"],
"affidavit": {"state": "string", "county": "string",
"affiant_role": ["person claiming copyright in t... | {
"deposit_account_name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc.",
"correspondence_contact": {"name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc.", "address": "245 Park Ave., New York, New York 10017"},
"send_certificate_to": {"name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc. Copyright Dept.", "address": "245 Park Avenue New York, New York 10017"},
"cert... | {
"deposit_account_name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc.",
"correspondence_contact": {"name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc.", "address": "245 Park Ave., New York, New York 10017"},
"send_certificate_to": {"name": "Doubleday & Company, Inc. Copyright Dept.", "address": "245 Park Avenue New York, New York 10017"},
"cert... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | sensible | accurate | [
"affidavit.notary_commission_expires"
] | Strong single-page benchmark item. Clean, fully legible scan of US Copyright Office Form A page 2 (sections 7-11 + "FOR COPYRIGHT OFFICE USE ONLY" box). It exercises a good mix of extraction challenges: typed text, handwritten/stamped dates, a repeatable manufacturers array, an enum (affiant_role from three checkboxes ... | |
bpl_clean_a | typed bibliographic | biglam/bpl-card-catalog | cc0-1.0 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/bpl-card-catalog | {"type": "object", "properties": {"author": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "title": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "edition": {"type": "string"}, "imprint": {"type": "object", "properties": {"place": {"type": "string"}, "publisher": {"type": "string"}, "date": {"type": "string"}}}, "physical_descripti... | {
"author": "verbatim-string",
"title": "verbatim-string",
"edition": "string",
"imprint": {"place": "string", "publisher": "string", "date": "string"},
"physical_description": "string",
"call_number": "verbatim-string",
"subject_headings": ["string"],
"references": ["string"]
} | {
"author": "Adams, John, 1662-1720.",
"title": "A sermon preach'd in the parish-church of Christ-Church, London, on March the third, 1707 at the funeral of the Rev. Tho. Staynoe ... By J. Adams ...",
"edition": null,
"imprint": {
"place": "London",
"publisher": "H.Hills",
"date"... | {
"author": "Adams, John, 1662-1720.",
"title": "A sermon preach'd in the parish-church of Christ-Church, London, on March the third, 1707/8 at the funeral of the Rev. Tho. Staynoe ... By J. Adams ...",
"edition": null,
"imprint": {
"place": "London",
"publisher": "H. Hills",
"date": "[1708]",
"... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | needs-tweaks | minor-errors | [
"title: rendering of the date '170⅞' (7-over-8 fraction) — gold uses '1707/8' but exact transcription convention (1707/8 vs 170 7/8 vs 1708) is a judgment call for the human reviewer",
"call_number: '.Ad1S2' digit-1 vs letter-l — read as digit '1' from the glyph and sibling card, but typewriter 1/l is genuinely a... | Clean, typed, single, fully legible card — a strong benchmark item. The central black dot is a punch/redaction mark and does not obscure text. Good discriminating features for a benchmark: the 170⅞ dual-year fraction (tests Old/New-Style date handling) and the Ad1S2 l/1 ambiguity. Candidate output is high quality; all ... | |
bpl_clean_b | typed bibliographic | biglam/bpl-card-catalog | cc0-1.0 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/bpl-card-catalog | {"type": "object", "properties": {"author": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "title": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "edition": {"type": "string"}, "imprint": {"type": "object", "properties": {"place": {"type": "string"}, "publisher": {"type": "string"}, "date": {"type": "string"}}}, "physical_descripti... | {
"author": "verbatim-string",
"title": "verbatim-string",
"edition": "string",
"imprint": {"place": "string", "publisher": "string", "date": "string"},
"physical_description": "string",
"call_number": "verbatim-string",
"subject_headings": ["string"],
"references": ["string"]
} | {
"author": "Adams, John, 1662-1720.",
"title": "A sermon preach'd in Lambeth Chapel, June the 6th, 1708. At the consecration of the right reverend father in God William Lord Bishop of St. Asaph ... By J. Adams ...",
"edition": null,
"imprint": {
"place": "London",
"publisher": "H.Hills"... | {
"author": "Adams, John, 1662-1720.",
"title": "A sermon preach'd in Lambeth Chapel, June the 6th, 1708. At the consecration of the right reverend father in God William Lord Bishop of St. Asaph ... By J. Adams ...",
"edition": null,
"imprint": {
"place": "London",
"publisher": "H. Hills",
"date": "... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | sensible | accurate | [
"call_number — Cutter glyph 'Ad1' (digit one) vs 'Adl' (lowercase L) is ambiguous on the card; sibling item bpl_clean_a read the same glyph as 'Adl'. Standardize across the set.",
"imprint.publisher — whether gold should be the bare printer name ('H. Hills') or the full publication statement ('Printed by H. Hills... | Clean, single, fully legible typed bibliographic card from the Boston Public Library Rare Book Dept (Defoe collection). A GOOD benchmark item — easy/clean tier, useful as a high-floor calibration case. Candidate NuExtract-3 zero-shot output is essentially gold-quality; the only open decisions are reviewer conventions (... | |
rubenstein | typed archival catalog | biglam/rubenstein-manuscript-catalog | license-unconfirmed (inherit from source) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/rubenstein-manuscript-catalog | {"type": "object", "properties": {"creator": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "collection_title": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "dates": {"type": "string"}, "extent": {"type": "string"}, "location": {"type": "string"}, "summary": {"type": "string"}, "subjects": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "stri... | {
"creator": "verbatim-string",
"collection_title": "verbatim-string",
"dates": "string",
"extent": "string",
"location": "string",
"summary": "string",
"subjects": ["string"],
"call_number": "verbatim-string"
} | {
"creator": "Abel, Ernest L.",
"collection_title": "Papers",
"dates": "1922-1952",
"extent": "550 items & 8 vols.",
"location": "West Palm Beach, Palm Beach Co., Fla.",
"summary": null,
"subjects": [],
"call_number": "Labor Archives"
} | {
"creator": "Abel, Ernest L.",
"collection_title": "Papers",
"dates": "1922-1952",
"extent": "550 items & 8 vols.",
"location": "West Palm Beach, Palm Beach Co., Fla.",
"summary": null,
"subjects": [],
"call_number": "Box 1 of Labor Archives"
} | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | needs-tweaks | minor-errors | [
"call_number",
"collection_title"
] | Clean, typed, fully legible single Duke Rubenstein manuscript catalog card — a fair benchmark item. The hole-punch (black dot, bottom center) obscures no text. Realistic complications make it a useful test rather than a problem: (a) a struck-through superseded call number "59-A," that the model should learn to ignore; ... | |
newspaper_peabody | typed newspaper index | biglam/index-cards-peabody-newspaper | license-unconfirmed | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-peabody-newspaper | {"type": "object", "properties": {"heading": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "subject_or_person": {"type": "string"}, "newspaper": {"type": "string"}, "date": {"type": "string"}, "page": {"type": "string"}, "column": {"type": "string"}, "summary": {"type": "string"}}} | {
"heading": "verbatim-string",
"subject_or_person": "string",
"newspaper": "string",
"date": "string",
"page": "string",
"column": "string",
"summary": "string"
} | {
"heading": "Abbott, Hon. Alfred A.",
"subject_or_person": "Hon. Alfred A. Abbott",
"newspaper": null,
"date": "Jan. 4, 1864",
"page": null,
"column": null,
"summary": "Presided at War Meeting, held at the Institute Jan. 4, 1864. (In) Wizard Jan. 6, 1864."
} | {
"heading": "Abbott, Hon. Alfred A.",
"subject_or_person": "Abbott, Hon. Alfred A.",
"newspaper": "So. Danvers Wizard",
"publication_date": "1864-01-06",
"event_date": "1864-01-04",
"page": null,
"column": null,
"summary": "Presided at War Meeting, held at the Institute Jan. 4, 1864.",
"call_number":... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | good | needs-tweaks | minor-errors | [
"call_number (top-left shelfmark; characters ambiguous between 0/O and 8 — read as '071 S08S')",
"publication_date (card carries two dates; gold uses the cited issue date Jan 6, with the event date Jan 4 split out — a human may prefer to keep a single verbatim date field)",
"subject_or_person (redundant with he... | Clean, sharp, fully legible single typed card — excellent benchmark material; no blanks/dividers/multi-card issues. Image: /Users/davanstrien/Documents/obsidian/Work/attachments/glam-bench-poc/newspaper_peabody.jpg. Marked GOOD because the underlying item is ideal; the work needed is on the schema (add call_number + lo... | |
bio_parisian | typed biographical | biglam/index-cards-parisian-parliamentarians | license-unconfirmed | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-parisian-parliamentarians | {"type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "dates": {"type": "string"}, "office_or_role": {"type": "string"}, "constituency_or_affiliation": {"type": "string"}, "biographical_note": {"type": "string"}, "references": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}}} | {
"name": "verbatim-string",
"dates": "string",
"office_or_role": "string",
"constituency_or_affiliation": "string",
"biographical_note": "string",
"references": ["string"]
} | {
"name": "MAUGIS",
"dates": null,
"office_or_role": null,
"constituency_or_affiliation": null,
"biographical_note": "MAUGIS, VOL. 3, P. 238 STATES THAT HE MARRIED JUSTINE PREVOST.",
"references": [
"MAUGIS, VOL. 3, P. 238"
]
} | {
"name": null,
"dates": null,
"office_or_role": null,
"constituency_or_affiliation": null,
"biographical_note": "Maugis, vol. 3, p. 238 states that he married Justine Prevost.",
"references": ["Maugis, vol. 3, p. 238"]
} | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | usable | needs-tweaks | minor-errors | [
"name",
"biographical_note",
"references"
] | CARD CONTENT: a lined index card, ~90% blank, with one typed line along the top margin: "Maugis, vol. 3, p. 238 states that he married Justine Prevost." (small-caps typewriter font). Faint specks on lines 2-4 are scan noise/dust, not text. A dark band at the very top of the scan is the edge of another card/folder behin... | |
service_navy_nurse | typed service record — **multi-card scan** | biglam/index-cards-navy-nurse-corps | license-unconfirmed (likely US govt PD) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-navy-nurse-corps | {"type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "rank_or_rating": {"type": "string"}, "service_number": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "date_of_appointment": {"type": "string"}, "date_of_birth": {"type": "string"}, "place_of_birth": {"type": "string"}, "stations": {"type": "ar... | {
"name": "verbatim-string",
"rank_or_rating": "string",
"service_number": "verbatim-string",
"date_of_appointment": "string",
"date_of_birth": "string",
"place_of_birth": "string",
"stations": ["string"],
"date_of_separation": "string",
"remarks": ["string"]
} | {
"name": "JACKSON, Wilma Leona",
"rank_or_rating": "CAPT",
"service_number": "64890",
"date_of_appointment": "7-6-36",
"date_of_birth": "9-1-09",
"place_of_birth": "Union, Montgomery County, Ohio",
"stations": [
"US Mil.Rio de Janiero,Brazil",
"USND Navy Dept.Wash.D.C.",
... | {
"name": "JACKSON, Wilma Leona",
"service_number": "64890",
"corps": "Nurse Corps (NC), USN",
"rank_or_rating": "CAPT",
"rank_history": [
{"rank": "Chief Nurse", "date": "1943-01-01"},
{"rank": "Lieutenant", "date": "1944-11-01"},
{"rank": "Lieutenant Commander", "date": null},
{"rank": "Capt... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | problematic | needs-tweaks | major-errors | [
"stations[].date and date_of_appointment/birth/separation: ISO normalization assumes US m/d/y with 2-digit years (e.g. '7-6-36' -> 1936-07-06); benchmark may prefer verbatim to avoid ambiguity",
"stations 'R. New York' detached_date: card shows two dates 'D. 10/21/40 (D. 1/6/41)' — kept first, conflict unresolved... | CONFIRM THE DEFERRAL — do not use as-is. One JPG = five stacked cards for the same officer (Capt. Wilma Leona Jackson, NNC): (1) Chief Nurse station card, (2) Lt.Cmdr station card, (3) & (4) CAPT station cards (BuMed-205 and BuMed 32-3 forms), and (5) a biographical/address card (Born / place of birth / 1979 forwarding... | |
specimen_botany | handwritten specimen | biglam/index-cards-harvard-botany-metropolitan-flora | license-unconfirmed | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-harvard-botany-metropolitan-flora | {"type": "object", "properties": {"collection": {"type": "string"}, "scientific_name": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "family": {"type": "string"}, "collector": {"type": "string"}, "collector_number": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "collection_date": {"type": "string"}, "locality": {"type": "string"},... | {
"collection": "string",
"scientific_name": "verbatim-string",
"family": "string",
"collector": "string",
"collector_number": "verbatim-string",
"collection_date": "string",
"locality": "string",
"habitat": "string",
"determined_by": "string",
"notes": ["string"]
} | {
"collection": "M",
"scientific_name": "Acér rubrum, L.",
"family": null,
"collector": "B.B.",
"collector_number": "1-7",
"collection_date": "1882",
"locality": "NW. Cascade",
"habitat": "by the old stone wall",
"determined_by": null,
"notes": [
"in Herb W.D",
"A... | {
"scientific_name": "Acér rubrum, L.",
"family": null,
"card_index_number": "1-7",
"records": [
{
"collector": "B.B.",
"date": "1882",
"locality": "by the old stone wall",
"habitat": null,
"abundance": null,
"source_herbarium": "in Herb. W.D."
},
{
"collect... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | problematic | needs-tweaks | major-errors | [
"scientific_name (accent on 'Acér' may be a stray mark; could be 'Acer rubrum, L.')",
"card_index_number ('1-7' — could be a collector number rather than an index/sequence number)",
"records[1].collector ('Mg.' vs 'M.' — faded/abbreviated)",
"records[1].date ('94' expanded to 1894 by assuming the century)",
... | Headline: this is correctly DEFERRED and is PROBLEMATIC as a benchmark item for two compounding reasons, not just "handwritten". (1) The lower ~60% of the card is faded pencil that is largely illegible at the provided resolution even on close inspection — there is no recoverable ground truth there without a better scan... | |
specimen_galapagos | handwritten specimen | biglam/index-cards-cas-galapagos-stewart-specimens | license-unconfirmed | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-cas-galapagos-stewart-specimens | {"type": "object", "properties": {"collection": {"type": "string"}, "scientific_name": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "family": {"type": "string"}, "collector": {"type": "string"}, "collector_number": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "collection_date": {"type": "string"}, "locality": {"type": "string"},... | {
"collection": "string",
"scientific_name": "verbatim-string",
"family": "string",
"collector": "string",
"collector_number": "verbatim-string",
"collection_date": "string",
"locality": "string",
"habitat": "string",
"determined_by": "string",
"notes": ["string"]
} | {
"collection": null,
"scientific_name": null,
"family": null,
"collector": null,
"collector_number": null,
"collection_date": "Sept 2 7-",
"locality": "Hood Island",
"habitat": "Common in dry shady flowers low shrubs, Common bushes, Common bushes & small trees, low shrubs, Common on roc... | {
"document_type": "field collection notebook page",
"locality": "Hood Island",
"page_number": "19",
"collection_entries": [
{"collection_numbers": "953-57", "date": "Sept 27", "note": "Common in dry shady places, low shrubs"},
{"collection_numbers": "958-66", "date": "Sept 27", "note": "Common bushes 2... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | problematic | wrong | major-errors | [
"collection_entries[0].collection_numbers — a blot/smudge sits next to '953...57', so the first range is hard to read; '953-57' is a best guess",
"collection_entries[3].note — 'inflorescence' and the height value '2-3°' are hard to read in the dense cursive",
"collection_entries[4].note — 'in crevices of lava' ... | Recommendation: DROP from the benchmark, or move to a separate "field-notebook / register" task with a repeatable-section schema. It is out of the declared scope (index cards + registration forms) and the proposed flat specimen-card schema is structurally incapable of representing a multi-entry log page.
Key reviewer ... | |
vital_southborough | handwritten vital record | biglam/index-cards-southborough-vital-records | license-unconfirmed | https://huggingface.co/datasets/biglam/index-cards-southborough-vital-records | {"type": "object", "properties": {"record_type": {"type": "string", "enum": ["birth", "marriage", "death"]}, "name": {"type": "string", "x-match": "exact"}, "date": {"type": "string"}, "place": {"type": "string"}, "age": {"type": "string"}, "parents": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}}, "spouse": {"type": "... | {
"record_type": ["birth", "marriage", "death"],
"name": "verbatim-string",
"date": "string",
"place": "string",
"age": "string",
"parents": ["string"],
"spouse": "string",
"notes": ["string"]
} | {
"record_type": "birth",
"name": null,
"date": "Nov. 22, 1892",
"place": null,
"age": null,
"parents": [
"Adame, Ernest L.",
"(Boutillier) Lula A."
],
"spouse": null,
"notes": []
} | {
"record_type": "birth",
"name": null,
"event_date": null,
"date_of_record": "1892-11-22",
"place": null,
"age": null,
"parents": [
{
"role": "father",
"name": "Adams, Ernest L.",
"birthplace": "Waldoboro, Me."
},
{
"role": "mother",
"name": "(Boutilier) Lula A."... | silver-1pass-subagent (UNVERIFIED) | usable | needs-tweaks | minor-errors | [
"record_type (inferred from parent-birthplace fields and card metadata; not literally written on the card)",
"parents[1].name spelling: '(Boutilier)' vs '(Boutillier)' — single vs double l ambiguous in cursive",
"parents[1].name 'Lula' could read 'Lulu' but 'Lula A.' is most likely"
] | The card is fully legible to a human reader — not blank, not a divider, not a multi-card scan — so it clears the PROBLEMATIC bar. Rated USABLE rather than GOOD for two reasons: (1) it is handwritten, and the item is explicitly flagged "[DEFERRED]" / "Handwritten — defer to v2", consistent with the benchmark deferring h... |
GLAM Extraction Benchmark — POC (silver)
A proof-of-concept for an open GLAM document-extraction benchmark (index cards + registration forms). Each item = a card/form image + a target JSON Schema + a target output JSON.
Silver labels, not a finished benchmark. Outputs are NuExtract-3 zero-shot, reviewed/corrected by one LLM reviewer agent — not human-verified. NuExtract is therefore advantaged. Treat scores as illustrative; this exists to show the shape and seed a real, human-verified version.
Leaderboard demo: https://huggingface.co/spaces/davanstrien/glam-extract-leaderboard · Code: https://github.com/davanstrien/glam-extract-bench
Columns
image · card_type · source · license · source_url · target_schema (JSON Schema) · target_schema_nuextract · silver_nuextract · silver_gold · gold_status · item_quality · schema_verdict · output_accuracy · uncertain_fields · review_notes
Source licenses (checked 2026-06-29)
| source | license |
|---|---|
biglam/bpl-card-catalog (BPL bibliographic) |
CC0-1.0 |
biglam/rubenstein-manuscript-catalog |
CC0-1.0 |
biglam/index-cards-parisian-parliamentarians |
CC-BY-4.0 (attribute) |
| Library of Congress copyright forms | public domain |
biglam/index-cards-{peabody-newspaper, navy-nurse-corps, harvard-botany-metropolitan-flora, cas-galapagos-stewart-specimens, southborough-vital-records} |
other (see source) |
Scope & status
Typed core (LoC forms ×2, BPL ×2, Rubenstein, Peabody, Parisian, Southborough) = good/usable. Problematic (Navy Nurse = multi-card scan; 2 handwritten specimens) = kept but flagged.
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