Datasets:

barissozudogru
/

federated-search-traces

id string	query string	domain string	expected_strong_sources list	per_source_raw_count dict	raw_total int64	deduped_count int64	duplicates_removed int64	per_source_timing_sec dict	top_papers list
q01	graph neural networks for protein folding	ml_biology	[ "arxiv", "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.35, "pubmed": 1.73, "semantic_scholar": 5.05 }	[ { "title": "Gravitational Waves from hybrid defects as probe of Flavor symmetry breaking: Machine-Learning Approach", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31600", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31600v1" }, { "title": "CoFiDA-M: Concept-Aware Feature Modulation...
q02	mechanistic interpretability of large language models	ml_interpretability	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.12, "pubmed": 1.78, "semantic_scholar": 4.01 }	[ { "title": "Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31604", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31604v1" }, { "title": "Lumos-Nexus: Efficient Frequency Bridging with Homogeneous Latent Space for V...
q03	diffusion models for medical imaging	ml_medical	[ "arxiv", "pubmed", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.12, "pubmed": 1.46, "semantic_scholar": 4.85 }	[ { "title": "Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31604", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31604v1" }, { "title": "Lumos-Nexus: Efficient Frequency Bridging with Homogeneous Latent Space for V...
q04	reinforcement learning from human feedback	ml_alignment	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 63.97, "pubmed": 1.7, "semantic_scholar": 1.09 }	[ { "title": "Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback", "year": null, "source": "semantic_scholar", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2504.12501", "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/18dc78d3f247f75aafca5422fe540f20b3cd455d" }, { "title": "Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with R...
q05	vision transformers self-supervised pretraining	ml_vision	[ "arxiv", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 71.72, "pubmed": 1.31, "semantic_scholar": 1.97 }	[ { "title": "HP-GAN: Harnessing pretrained networks for GAN improvement with FakeTwins and discriminator consistency.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.neunet.2026.108666", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41633247/" }, { "title": "SSMamba: A self-supervised hyb...
q06	scaling laws neural language models	ml_scaling	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 14, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	14	14	0	{ "arxiv": 49.46, "pubmed": 1.56, "semantic_scholar": 4.63 }	[ { "title": "Differentially private data augmentation via LLM generation with discriminative and distribution-aligned filtering.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.neunet.2026.108668", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41653691/" }, { "title": "FedEmoNet: Privacy-...
q07	tool use in large language models	ml_agents	[ "arxiv", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 5.63, "pubmed": 1.79, "semantic_scholar": 6.04 }	[ { "title": "DALI-Syn: integrating chemical LLMs with multi-level attention architectures for synergistic drug combination prediction.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/s13755-026-00441-2", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41948688/" }, { "title": "Hierarchical ag...
q08	federated learning privacy preserving	ml_privacy	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 50.79, "pubmed": 1.78, "semantic_scholar": 5.91 }	[ { "title": "Collaborative artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/07853890.2025.2594356", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41457873/" }, { "title": "Deep learning-based cognitive impairm...
q09	CRISPR base editing off-target effects	biology_genetics	[ "pubmed", "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 66.98, "pubmed": 2.8, "semantic_scholar": 7.02 }	[ { "title": "Non-Viral CRISPR carriers: transient delivery with lasting effects.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/10717544.2026.2614125", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41543272/" }, { "title": "Helicity of the bridge helix of Cas12a regulates on-target DNA cle...
q10	cancer immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitors mechanism	biomedical_oncology	[ "pubmed", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 68.06, "pubmed": 1.84, "semantic_scholar": 4.64 }	[ { "title": "Umbilical cord blood natural killer cells improve anti-GD2 antibody efficacy in neuroblastoma: from mouse to human.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/2162402X.2026.2679315", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42216567/" }, { "title": "An orthotopic orga...
q11	Alzheimer amyloid hypothesis evidence	biomedical_neuro	[ "pubmed", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 63.93, "pubmed": 1.59, "semantic_scholar": 4.02 }	[ { "title": "Convergence of neuroinflammation across major neurotropic viral exposomes in AD and ADRD.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1186/s12974-026-03876-2", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42215997/" }, { "title": "Integrated imaging and molecular profiling reve...
q12	mRNA vaccine lipid nanoparticle delivery	biomedical_vaccines	[ "pubmed", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 48.91, "pubmed": 2.8, "semantic_scholar": 4.84 }	[ { "title": "Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines: Progress, evidence gaps, and translational pathways for durable and scalable immunization.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/21645515.2026.2661120", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42015917/" ...
q13	gut microbiome inflammatory bowel disease	biomedical_microbiome	[ "pubmed" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 14, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	29	29	0	{ "arxiv": 15.2, "pubmed": 1.95, "semantic_scholar": 5.57 }	[ { "title": "Gut microbiota in chronic inflammation: the interplay with lipid mediators.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/19490976.2026.2667605", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42087805/" }, { "title": "Intestinal epithelial Syndecan-1 maintains mucosal homeost...
q14	antimicrobial resistance mechanisms gram negative	biomedical_infectious	[ "pubmed" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 43.69, "pubmed": 1.5, "semantic_scholar": 4.63 }	[ { "title": "Bacterial extracellular vesicles as emerging platforms to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections: Mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and future prospects.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/21505594.2026.2654259", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4...
q15	single cell RNA sequencing analysis methods	biomedical_methods	[ "pubmed", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 63.61, "pubmed": 2.06, "semantic_scholar": 4.49 }	[ { "title": "MORPHEUS-Lung: biomarkers and clinical response to atezolizumab + bevacizumab + stereotactic body radiotherapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.lungcan.2026.109354", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4...
q16	quantum error correction surface codes	physics_quantum	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 64.78, "pubmed": 1.42, "semantic_scholar": 6.36 }	[ { "title": "Magic state injection on IBM quantum processors above the distillation threshold.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40381-1", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41748679/" }, { "title": "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Surface Code.", "year...
q17	topological superconductivity Majorana fermions	physics_condensed_matter	[ "arxiv" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	15	15	0	{ "arxiv": 63.89, "pubmed": 1.18, "semantic_scholar": 4.86 }	[ { "title": "Symmetry-Protected Moiré Band Engineering and Enhanced Electron-Phonon Coupling in Xe/Bi", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1021/acsnano.5c20111", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41954561/" }, { "title": "Chiral and topological superconductivity in isospin...
q18	dark matter direct detection experiments	physics_cosmology	[ "arxiv" ]	{ "arxiv": 0, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	30	29	1	{ "arxiv": 19.47, "pubmed": 1.53, "semantic_scholar": 2.23 }	[ { "title": "First High-Throughput Evaluation of Dark Matter Detector Materials.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1103/bb4g-7939", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42213917/" }, { "title": "Torsion Balance Experiments Enable Direct Detection of Sub-eV Dark Matter.", ...
q19	lattice quantum chromodynamics	physics_particle	[ "arxiv" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 29.29, "pubmed": 1.42, "semantic_scholar": 4.59 }	[ { "title": "Hybrid calculation of hadronic vacuum polarization in muon g - 2 to 0.48.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1038/s41586-026-10449-z", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42020747/" }, { "title": "Emergence of the π(1300) Resonance from Lattice QCD.", "yea...
q20	labor market polarization automation effects	economics	[ "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 2, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	17	17	0	{ "arxiv": 59.74, "pubmed": 2.41, "semantic_scholar": 4.92 }	[ { "title": "The structural-demographic theory revisited: An empirical test for industrialized societies.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0287912", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37917665/" }, { "title": "Unpacking the polarization of workplace sk...
q21	behavioral economics defaults nudges	economics	[ "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 7.91, "pubmed": 1.72, "semantic_scholar": 4.87 }	[ { "title": "The effect of nudging strategies on reducing diners' salt intake: Evidence from a randomized field experiment.", "year": null, "source": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1111/aphw.70160", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42089235/" }, { "title": "Self-management behavior of childr...
q22	inflation targeting monetary policy effectiveness	economics	[ "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	45	45	0	{ "arxiv": 2.47, "pubmed": 1.63, "semantic_scholar": 1.26 }	[ { "title": "Financial Development and Inflation Targeting: How Market Structure Shapes Monetary Policy Effectiveness", "year": null, "source": "semantic_scholar", "doi": "10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107310", "url": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cf4e3c94a075a3da17855c410aac7ee2c8c6f322" }, ...
q23	free will compatibilism	philosophy	[ "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	45	45	0	{ "arxiv": 0.66, "pubmed": 1.74, "semantic_scholar": 1.18 }	[ { "title": "Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31604", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31604v1" }, { "title": "TunerDiT: Training-free Progressive Steering of Diffusion Transformer for Mul...
q24	phenomenal consciousness hard problem	philosophy_mind	[ "semantic_scholar", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.55, "pubmed": 1.39, "semantic_scholar": 4.56 }	[ { "title": "KLIP: localized distribution shift detection via KL-divergence with diffusion priors in Inverse Problems", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31596", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31596v1" }, { "title": "Stateful Online Monitoring Catches Distri...
q25	differential privacy machine learning	cs_security	[ "arxiv", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.7, "pubmed": 1.39, "semantic_scholar": 4.58 }	[ { "title": "Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31604", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31604v1" }, { "title": "Lumos-Nexus: Efficient Frequency Bridging with Homogeneous Latent Space for V...
q26	homomorphic encryption performance benchmarks	cs_security	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 14, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	29	29	0	{ "arxiv": 0.62, "pubmed": 1.46, "semantic_scholar": 4.85 }	[ { "title": "Lumos-Nexus: Efficient Frequency Bridging with Homogeneous Latent Space for Video Unified Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31603", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31603v1" }, { "title": "Linear Scaling Video VLMs for Long Video Understa...
q27	private 5G networks edge computing	cs_networks	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 10, "semantic_scholar": 15 }	40	40	0	{ "arxiv": 0.97, "pubmed": 1.41, "semantic_scholar": 1.5 }	[ { "title": "Gravitational Waves from hybrid defects as probe of Flavor symmetry breaking: Machine-Learning Approach", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31600", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31600v1" }, { "title": "Linear Scaling Video VLMs for Long Video U...
q28	computer vision autonomous driving safety	cs_robotics	[ "arxiv", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.95, "pubmed": 2.17, "semantic_scholar": 5.22 }	[ { "title": "Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31604", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31604v1" }, { "title": "Lumos-Nexus: Efficient Frequency Bridging with Homogeneous Latent Space for V...
q29	exoplanet atmosphere biosignature spectroscopy	astronomy	[ "arxiv", "openalex" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 1.32, "pubmed": 2.16, "semantic_scholar": 10.42 }	[ { "title": "All-Electron Relativistic Fully Self-Consistent $GW$ Study of Heteronuclear Actinide-Containing Diatomics", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31571", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31571v1" }, { "title": "Mind the Companion : Demographics of Tra...
q30	climate sensitivity equilibrium feedback	climate	[ "openalex", "semantic_scholar" ]	{ "arxiv": 15, "pubmed": 15, "semantic_scholar": 0 }	30	30	0	{ "arxiv": 0.82, "pubmed": 1.74, "semantic_scholar": 4.28 }	[ { "title": "A Tight Theory of Error Feedback Algorithms in Distributed Optimization", "year": null, "source": "arxiv", "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2605.31594", "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31594v1" }, { "title": "Language Models Learn Constructional Semantics, Not To Mention Syntax: Inv...

Federated Academic Search Traces (research-papers-mcp benchmark)

What this is

30 curated academic search queries run through the research-papers-mcp federated search pipeline. For each query, the dataset captures:

The query text + domain label + expected-strong-sources annotation
Per-source raw result counts (before dedup)
Total deduplicated count + number of duplicates removed
Top 10 deduplicated paper records (title, year, source, DOI, URL)
Per-source wall-clock timing

The queries span 30 domains across ML, biomedicine, physics, philosophy, economics, computer science, and astronomy — chosen to exercise each source's coverage strengths.

Sources active during this trace

This snapshot was captured against the research-papers-mcp package as installed from main branch at the time of run. The registry contained three live sources:

Source	Status during trace
arXiv	Active (rate-limited on bulk queries — see `per_source_timing_sec` for evidence)
PubMed	Active, 30/30 queries returned results
Semantic Scholar	Active but throttled (HTTP 429 on 23/30 queries)
OpenAlex	Not registered on the `main` branch at trace time. A `PaperSource`-protocol package abstraction exists on a feature branch but had not been merged. Future traces will include OpenAlex once that branch lands.

This is itself a useful signal: the trace honestly records which sources a pip install -e . from main got at trace time. Users running newer versions of the package will see different (likely fuller) coverage.

Schema

Field	Type	Description
`id`	string	Query identifier (`q01` to `q30`)
`query`	string	The search query text
`domain`	string	Coarse-grained topic domain
`expected_strong_sources`	list[string]	Sources we expect to return strong matches
`per_source_raw_count`	dict[str, int]	Records returned by each source before dedup
`raw_total`	int	Sum across sources
`deduped_count`	int	After DOI-then-(source, source_id) deduplication
`duplicates_removed`	int	`raw_total - deduped_count`
`per_source_timing_sec`	dict[str, float]	Wall-clock seconds per source
`top_papers`	list[object]	First 10 deduplicated results (title, year, source, doi, url)

Load it

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("barissozudogru/federated-search-traces")
print(ds["train"][0])

Or directly:

import json
import requests
data = requests.get("https://huggingface.co/datasets/barissozudogru/federated-search-traces/resolve/main/traces.json").json()
for r in data[:5]:
    print(r["query"], "->", r["deduped_count"], "results")

Generating method

Queries were run through the research-papers-mcp pipeline at https://github.com/barissozudogru/deep-research-digest. Each source is called concurrently with max_results=15. Deduplication is by DOI first (lowercased, stripped), then by (source, source_id). Trace is captured at one point in time — re-running may give different counts as the live indices update.

The full reproduction script is run_benchmark.py in this dataset's repo.

Use cases

Regression-testing federated search dedup logic
Comparing source coverage across domains
Benchmarking new sources (e.g., does adding CORE or bioRxiv change dedup ratios meaningfully?)
Sanity-checking ranking algorithms on stable inputs

Caveats

Single snapshot, not a live mirror. External indices update; re-running may produce different counts.
Sources may rate-limit. If per_source_raw_count[name] == 0 for a query, that source either truly had no matches OR was throttled at trace time. Compare with per_source_timing_sec for hints.
Query selection is editorial, not random. We picked queries to exercise the four sources' coverage strengths. Inferences about typical user behavior should treat this as a stress-test corpus, not a representative one.
No ground-truth relevance labels. This is a trace dataset (what came back), not an annotated benchmark (what should have come back). For relevance evaluation, pair with human-annotated relevance judgments.