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import json
from io import BytesIO
from pathlib import Path
from collections import Counter
from typing import List, Dict
import pdfplumber
import tiktoken
TOKENIZER = tiktoken.get_encoding("cl100k_base")
CHUNK_SIZE = 512
CHUNK_OVERLAP = 80
def extract_raw_pages(pdf_bytes: bytes) -> List[Dict]:
pages_data = []
table_settings = {
"vertical_strategy": "lines_strict",
"horizontal_strategy": "lines_strict",
"intersection_tolerance": 10,
"snap_tolerance": 5,
"join_tolerance": 5,
"edge_min_length": 10,
"min_words_vertical": 3,
"min_words_horizontal": 2,
}
with pdfplumber.open(BytesIO(pdf_bytes)) as pdf:
for i, page in enumerate(pdf.pages):
tables_on_page = page.find_tables(table_settings)
table_bboxes = [t.bbox for t in tables_on_page]
filtered_page = page
for bbox in table_bboxes:
filtered_page = filtered_page.filter(
lambda obj, bb=bbox: not (bb[0] <= obj["x0"] <= bb[2] and bb[1] <= obj["top"] <= bb[3])
)
prose_text = filtered_page.extract_text() or ""
extracted_tables = [t.extract() for t in tables_on_page if t.extract()]
pages_data.append({
"page_num": i + 1,
"raw_text": prose_text,
"tables": extracted_tables,
})
return pages_data
SKIP_PAGE_PATTERNS = [
r"^\s*$",
r"(?i)this\s+page\s+intentionally\s+left\s+blank",
r"(?i)^(table\s+of\s+contents?|contents?)\s*$",
r"(?i)forward.?looking",
r"(?i)safe\s+harbor",
]
def is_boilerplate_page(text: str) -> bool:
if not text or not text.strip():
return True
return any(re.search(pat, text) for pat in SKIP_PAGE_PATTERNS)
def clean_text(text: str) -> str:
if not text:
return ""
text = text.replace("\u2013", "-").replace("\u2014", "-")
text = text.replace("\u2018", "'").replace("\u2019", "'")
text = text.replace("\u201c", '"').replace("\u201d", '"')
text = text.replace("\u2022", "-").replace("\u00b7", "-")
text = text.replace("\u00a0", " ")
text = re.sub(r'\b(k\s+no\s+wn|kno wn)\b', 'known', text, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
text = re.sub(r"(?m)^[\s\-]*Page\s+\d+.*$", "", text, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
text = re.sub(r"(?m)^\s*\d{1,4}\s*$", "", text)
text = re.sub(r"(?m)^[\s\-=_\.\*]{4,}$", "", text)
text = re.sub(r"-\n(\w)", r"\1", text)
text = re.sub(r"\n{3,}", "\n\n", text)
text = re.sub(r"(?<!\n)\n(?!\n)", " ", text)
text = re.sub(r"[ \t]{2,}", " ", text)
lines = [l.strip() for l in text.splitlines()]
return "\n".join(lines).strip()
def remove_repeated_headers_footers(pages_data: List[Dict], top_n=3, min_freq_ratio=0.30):
total_pages = len(pages_data)
top_counter = Counter()
bot_counter = Counter()
for p in pages_data:
lines = [l.strip() for l in p.get("clean_text", "").splitlines() if l.strip()]
for line in lines[:top_n]:
top_counter[line] += 1
for line in lines[-top_n:]:
bot_counter[line] += 1
freq_threshold = max(3, int(total_pages * min_freq_ratio))
repeated = {line for line, cnt in {**top_counter, **bot_counter}.items()
if cnt >= freq_threshold and len(line) < 120}
for p in pages_data:
p["clean_text"] = "\n".join(
l for l in p["clean_text"].splitlines() if l.strip() not in repeated
)
return pages_data
def table_to_markdown(table_rows) -> str:
if not table_rows:
return ""
rows = [[str(c).replace("\n", " ").strip() if c is not None else "" for c in row]
for row in table_rows if any(str(c).strip() for c in row)]
if not rows:
return ""
col_count = max(len(r) for r in rows)
rows = [r + [""] * (col_count - len(r)) for r in rows]
md = "| " + " | ".join(rows[0]) + " |\n"
md += "| " + " | ".join(["---"] * col_count) + " |\n"
for row in rows[1:]:
md += "| " + " | ".join(row) + " |\n"
return md
def attach_tables_to_pages(pages_data: List[Dict]):
for p in pages_data:
table_blocks = [f"\n[Table {i} — Page {p['page_num']}]\n{table_to_markdown(tbl)}"
for i, tbl in enumerate(p.get("tables", []), 1) if table_to_markdown(tbl)]
if table_blocks:
p["clean_text"] += "\n" + "\n".join(table_blocks)
return pages_data
SECTION_HEADING_RE = re.compile(
r"(?m)^(?:[A-Z][A-Z0-9\s\-&,()]{5,80}[A-Z]$|\d{1,2}\.?\s+[A-Z][A-Za-z\s\-&,]{8,}|NOTE\s+-\s?\d+|Item No\.\s?\d+)",
re.IGNORECASE
)
def split_into_sections(pages_data: List[Dict]):
all_lines = [(p["page_num"], line) for p in pages_data for line in p.get("clean_text", "").splitlines()]
sections = []
current_title = "Preamble"
current_pages = set()
current_lines = []
for page_num, line in all_lines:
current_pages.add(page_num)
stripped = line.strip()
if SECTION_HEADING_RE.match(stripped) and len(stripped) > 5:
if current_lines:
sections.append({
"section": current_title,
"pages": sorted(current_pages),
"text": "\n".join(current_lines).strip(),
})
current_title = stripped
current_pages = {page_num}
current_lines = []
else:
current_lines.append(line)
if current_lines:
sections.append({
"section": current_title,
"pages": sorted(current_pages),
"text": "\n".join(current_lines).strip(),
})
return sections
def chunk_text(text: str) -> List[str]:
chunks = []
table_pattern = re.compile(r"(\[Table \d+ — Page \d+\]\n(?:\|.*\|\n)+)")
blocks = table_pattern.split(text)
for block in blocks:
if not block.strip():
continue
if block.startswith("[Table"):
chunks.append(block.strip())
else:
paragraphs = [p.strip() for p in re.split(r"\n{2,}", block) if p.strip()]
current = []
current_tokens = 0
for para in paragraphs:
para_tokens = len(TOKENIZER.encode(para))
if current_tokens + para_tokens > CHUNK_SIZE and current:
chunks.append(" ".join(current))
overlap = " ".join(current).split()[-CHUNK_OVERLAP//2:]
current = [" ".join(overlap)]
current_tokens = len(TOKENIZER.encode(" ".join(current)))
current.append(para)
current_tokens += para_tokens
if current:
chunks.append(" ".join(current))
return [c.strip() for c in chunks if c.strip()]
def build_rag_chunks(pages_data: List[Dict], filename: str) -> List[Dict]:
sections = split_into_sections(pages_data)
all_chunks = []
chunk_id = 0
doc_id = Path(filename).stem.replace(" ", "_").replace("(", "").replace(")", "").replace("[", "").replace("]", "")
for sec in sections:
text_chunks = chunk_text(sec["text"])
for idx, chunk in enumerate(text_chunks):
all_chunks.append({
"chunk_id": chunk_id,
"document": doc_id,
"section": sec["section"][:120],
"chunk_index": idx,
"total_chunks": len(text_chunks),
"pages": sec["pages"],
"token_count": len(TOKENIZER.encode(chunk)),
"text": chunk,
"metadata": {
"document": doc_id,
"source_file": filename,
"section": sec["section"],
"pages": sec["pages"],
}
})
chunk_id += 1
return all_chunks
def process_pdf_to_chunks(pdf_bytes: bytes, filename: str) -> List[Dict]:
print(f"converting pdf to json {filename}")
"""Main processing function by using FastAPI"""
raw_pages = extract_raw_pages(pdf_bytes)
content_pages = [p for p in raw_pages if not is_boilerplate_page(p["raw_text"])]
for p in content_pages:
p["clean_text"] = clean_text(p["raw_text"])
content_pages = remove_repeated_headers_footers(content_pages)
content_pages = attach_tables_to_pages(content_pages)
return build_rag_chunks(content_pages, filename) |