app.py

import os
import time
import pdfplumber
import docx
import nltk
import gradio as gr
from langchain_huggingface import HuggingFaceEmbeddings
from langchain_community.embeddings import CohereEmbeddings
from langchain_openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain_community.vectorstores import FAISS, Chroma
from langchain_text_splitters import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter, TokenTextSplitter
from typing import List, Dict, Any
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import re
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize
from nltk.stem import SnowballStemmer
import jellyfish
from gensim.models import Word2Vec
from gensim.models.fasttext import FastText
from collections import Counter
from tokenizers import Tokenizer, models, trainers
from tokenizers.models import WordLevel
from tokenizers.trainers import WordLevelTrainer
from tokenizers.pre_tokenizers import Whitespace
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from sklearn.manifold import TSNE
from sklearn.metrics import silhouette_score
from scipy.stats import spearmanr
from functools import lru_cache
from langchain.retrievers import MultiQueryRetriever
from langchain.llms import HuggingFacePipeline
from transformers import pipeline

# NLTK Resource Download
def download_nltk_resources():
    resources = ['punkt', 'stopwords', 'snowball_data']
    for resource in resources:
        try:
            nltk.download(resource, quiet=True)
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Failed to download {resource}: {str(e)}")

download_nltk_resources()

FILES_DIR = './files'

# Model Management
class ModelManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.models = {
            'HuggingFace': {
                'e5-base-de': "danielheinz/e5-base-sts-en-de",
                'paraphrase-miniLM': "paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2",
                'paraphrase-mpnet': "paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2",
                'gte-large': "gte-large",
                'gbert-base': "gbert-base"
            },
            'OpenAI': {
                'text-embedding-ada-002': "text-embedding-ada-002"
            },
            'Cohere': {
                'embed-multilingual-v2.0': "embed-multilingual-v2.0"
            }
        }

    def add_model(self, provider, name, model_path):
        if provider not in self.models:
            self.models[provider] = {}
        self.models[provider][name] = model_path

    def remove_model(self, provider, name):
        if provider in self.models and name in self.models[provider]:
            del self.models[provider][name]

    def get_model(self, provider, name):
        return self.models.get(provider, {}).get(name)

    def list_models(self):
        return {provider: list(models.keys()) for provider, models in self.models.items()}

model_manager = ModelManager()

# File Handling
class FileHandler:
    @staticmethod
    def extract_text(file_path):
        ext = os.path.splitext(file_path)[-1].lower()
        if ext == '.pdf':
            return FileHandler._extract_from_pdf(file_path)
        elif ext == '.docx':
            return FileHandler._extract_from_docx(file_path)
        elif ext == '.txt':
            return FileHandler._extract_from_txt(file_path)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Unsupported file type: {ext}")

    @staticmethod
    def _extract_from_pdf(file_path):
        with pdfplumber.open(file_path) as pdf:
            return ' '.join([page.extract_text() for page in pdf.pages])

    @staticmethod
    def _extract_from_docx(file_path):
        doc = docx.Document(file_path)
        return ' '.join([para.text for para in doc.paragraphs])

    @staticmethod
    def _extract_from_txt(file_path):
        with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            return f.read()

# Text Processing
def simple_tokenize(text):
    return text.split()

def preprocess_text(text, lang='german', apply_preprocessing=True):
    if not apply_preprocessing:
        return text
    
    text = text.lower()
    text = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z\s]', '', text)
    
    try:
        tokens = word_tokenize(text, language=lang)
    except LookupError:
        print(f"Warning: NLTK punkt tokenizer for {lang} not found. Using simple tokenization.")
        tokens = simple_tokenize(text)
    
    try:
        stop_words = set(stopwords.words(lang))
    except LookupError:
        print(f"Warning: Stopwords for {lang} not found. Skipping stopword removal.")
        stop_words = set()
    tokens = [token for token in tokens if token not in stop_words]
    
    try:
        stemmer = SnowballStemmer(lang)
        tokens = [stemmer.stem(token) for token in tokens]
    except ValueError:
        print(f"Warning: SnowballStemmer for {lang} not available. Skipping stemming.")
    
    return ' '.join(tokens)

def phonetic_match(text, query, method='levenshtein_distance', apply_phonetic=True):
    if not apply_phonetic:
        return 0
    if method == 'levenshtein_distance':
        text_phonetic = jellyfish.soundex(text)
        query_phonetic = jellyfish.soundex(query)
        return jellyfish.levenshtein_distance(text_phonetic, query_phonetic)
    return 0

def optimize_query(query, llm_model):
    llm = HuggingFacePipeline.from_model_id(
        model_id=llm_model,
        task="text2text-generation",
        model_kwargs={"temperature": 0, "max_length": 64},
    )
    multi_query_retriever = MultiQueryRetriever.from_llm(
        retriever=get_retriever(vector_store, search_type, search_kwargs),
        llm=llm
    )
    optimized_queries = multi_query_retriever.generate_queries(query)
    return optimized_queries
    

def create_custom_embedding(texts, model_type='word2vec', vector_size=100, window=5, min_count=1):
    tokenized_texts = [text.split() for text in texts]
    
    if model_type == 'word2vec':
        model = Word2Vec(sentences=tokenized_texts, vector_size=vector_size, window=window, min_count=min_count, workers=4)
    elif model_type == 'fasttext':
        model = FastText(sentences=tokenized_texts, vector_size=vector_size, window=window, min_count=min_count, workers=4)
    else:
        raise ValueError("Unsupported model type")
    
    return model

class CustomEmbeddings(HuggingFaceEmbeddings):
    def __init__(self, model_path):
        self.model = Word2Vec.load(model_path)  # or FastText.load() for FastText models
    
    def embed_documents(self, texts):
        return [self.model.wv[text.split()] for text in texts]
    
    def embed_query(self, text):
        return self.model.wv[text.split()]

# Custom Tokenizer
def create_custom_tokenizer(file_path, model_type='WordLevel', vocab_size=10000, special_tokens=None):
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        text = f.read()

    if model_type == 'WordLevel':
        tokenizer = Tokenizer(WordLevel(unk_token="[UNK]"))
    elif model_type == 'BPE':
        tokenizer = Tokenizer(models.BPE(unk_token="[UNK]"))
    elif model_type == 'Unigram':
        tokenizer = Tokenizer(models.Unigram())
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported tokenizer model: {model_type}")

    tokenizer.pre_tokenizer = Whitespace()

    special_tokens = special_tokens or ["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"]
    trainer = trainers.WordLevelTrainer(special_tokens=special_tokens, vocab_size=vocab_size)
    tokenizer.train_from_iterator([text], trainer)

    return tokenizer

def custom_tokenize(text, tokenizer):
    return tokenizer.encode(text).tokens

# Embedding and Vector Store
#@lru_cache(maxsize=None)

# Helper functions

def get_text_splitter(split_strategy, chunk_size, overlap_size, custom_separators=None):
    if split_strategy == 'token':
        return TokenTextSplitter(chunk_size=chunk_size, chunk_overlap=overlap_size)
    elif split_strategy == 'recursive':
        return RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(
            chunk_size=chunk_size,
            chunk_overlap=overlap_size,
            separators=custom_separators or ["\n\n", "\n", " ", ""]
        )
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported split strategy: {split_strategy}")

def get_embedding_model(model_type, model_name):
    model_path = model_manager.get_model(model_type, model_name)
    if model_type == 'HuggingFace':
        return HuggingFaceEmbeddings(model_name=model_path)
    elif model_type == 'OpenAI':
        return OpenAIEmbeddings(model=model_path)
    elif model_type == 'Cohere':
        return CohereEmbeddings(model=model_path)
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported model type: {model_type}")

def get_vector_store(vector_store_type, chunks, embedding_model):
    chunks_tuple = tuple(chunks)
    if vector_store_type == 'FAISS':
        return FAISS.from_texts(chunks, embedding_model)
    elif vector_store_type == 'Chroma':
        return Chroma.from_texts(chunks, embedding_model)
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported vector store type: {vector_store_type}")

def get_retriever(vector_store, search_type, search_kwargs):
    if search_type == 'similarity':
        return vector_store.as_retriever(search_type="similarity", search_kwargs=search_kwargs)
    elif search_type == 'mmr':
        return vector_store.as_retriever(search_type="mmr", search_kwargs=search_kwargs)
    elif search_type == 'custom':
        return vector_store.as_retriever(search_type="similarity", search_kwargs=search_kwargs)
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported search type: {search_type}")

def custom_similarity(query_embedding, doc_embedding, query, doc_text, phonetic_weight=0.3):
    embedding_sim = np.dot(query_embedding, doc_embedding) / (np.linalg.norm(query_embedding) * np.linalg.norm(doc_embedding))
    phonetic_sim = phonetic_match(doc_text, query)
    combined_sim = (1 - phonetic_weight) * embedding_sim + phonetic_weight * phonetic_sim
    return combined_sim
	
def _create_vector_store(vector_store_type, chunks_tuple, embedding_model):
    chunks = list(chunks_tuple)
    
    if vector_store_type == 'FAISS':
        return FAISS.from_texts(chunks, embedding_model)
    elif vector_store_type == 'Chroma':
        return Chroma.from_texts(chunks, embedding_model)
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported vector store type: {vector_store_type}")


# Main Processing Functions
def process_files(file_path, model_type, model_name, split_strategy, chunk_size, overlap_size, custom_separators, lang='german', apply_preprocessing=True, custom_tokenizer_file=None, custom_tokenizer_model=None, custom_tokenizer_vocab_size=10000, custom_tokenizer_special_tokens=None):
    if file_path:
        text = FileHandler.extract_text(file_path)
    else:
        text = ""
        for file in os.listdir(FILES_DIR):
            file_path = os.path.join(FILES_DIR, file)
            text += FileHandler.extract_text(file_path)
    
    if custom_tokenizer_file:
        tokenizer = create_custom_tokenizer(custom_tokenizer_file, custom_tokenizer_model, custom_tokenizer_vocab_size, custom_tokenizer_special_tokens)
        text = ' '.join(custom_tokenize(text, tokenizer))
    elif apply_preprocessing:
        text = preprocess_text(text, lang)

    text_splitter = get_text_splitter(split_strategy, chunk_size, overlap_size, custom_separators)
    chunks = text_splitter.split_text(text)

    embedding_model = get_embedding_model(model_type, model_name)

    return chunks, embedding_model, len(text.split())

def search_embeddings(chunks, embedding_model, vector_store_type, search_type, query, top_k, expected_result=None, lang='german', apply_phonetic=True, phonetic_weight=0.3):
    preprocessed_query = preprocess_text(query, lang) if apply_phonetic else query
    
    vector_store = get_vector_store(vector_store_type, chunks, embedding_model)
    retriever = get_retriever(vector_store, search_type, {"k": top_k})

    start_time = time.time()
    results = retriever.invoke(preprocessed_query)

    def score_result(doc):
        similarity_score = vector_store.similarity_search_with_score(doc.page_content, k=1)[0][1]
        if apply_phonetic:
            phonetic_score = phonetic_match(doc.page_content, query)
            return (1 - phonetic_weight) * similarity_score + phonetic_weight * phonetic_score
        else:
            return similarity_score

    results = sorted(results, key=score_result, reverse=True)
    end_time = time.time()

    embeddings = []
    for doc in results:
        if hasattr(doc, 'embedding'):
            embeddings.append(doc.embedding)
        else:
            embeddings.append(None)

    results_df = pd.DataFrame({
        'content': [doc.page_content for doc in results],
        'embedding': embeddings,
        'length': [len(doc.page_content) for doc in results],
        'contains_expected': [expected_result in doc.page_content if expected_result else None for doc in results]
    })

    return results_df, end_time - start_time, vector_store, results



# Evaluation Metrics
# ... (previous code remains the same)

def calculate_statistics(results, search_time, vector_store, num_tokens, embedding_model, query, top_k, expected_result=None):
    stats = {
        "num_results": len(results),
        "avg_content_length": np.mean([len(doc.page_content) for doc in results]) if results else 0,
        "min_content_length": min([len(doc.page_content) for doc in results]) if results else 0,
        "max_content_length": max([len(doc.page_content) for doc in results]) if results else 0,
        "search_time": search_time,
        "vector_store_size": vector_store._index.ntotal if hasattr(vector_store, '_index') else "N/A",
        "num_documents": len(vector_store.docstore._dict),
        "num_tokens": num_tokens,
        "embedding_vocab_size": embedding_model.client.get_vocab_size() if hasattr(embedding_model, 'client') and hasattr(embedding_model.client, 'get_vocab_size') else "N/A",
        "embedding_dimension": len(embedding_model.embed_query(query)),
        "top_k": top_k,
    }
    
    if expected_result:
        stats["contains_expected"] = any(expected_result in doc.page_content for doc in results)
        stats["expected_result_rank"] = next((i for i, doc in enumerate(results) if expected_result in doc.page_content), -1) + 1
    
    if len(results) > 1000:
        embeddings = [embedding_model.embed_query(doc.page_content) for doc in results]
        pairwise_similarities = np.inner(embeddings, embeddings)
        stats["result_diversity"] = 1 - np.mean(pairwise_similarities[np.triu_indices(len(embeddings), k=1)])
        
        if len(embeddings) > 2:
            stats["silhouette_score"] = silhouette_score(embeddings, range(len(embeddings)))
        else:
            stats["silhouette_score"] = "N/A"
    else:
        stats["result_diversity"] = "N/A"
        stats["silhouette_score"] = "N/A"
    
    query_embedding = embedding_model.embed_query(query)
    result_embeddings = [embedding_model.embed_query(doc.page_content) for doc in results]
    similarities = [np.inner(query_embedding, emb) for emb in result_embeddings]
    rank_correlation, _ = spearmanr(similarities, range(len(similarities)))
    stats["rank_correlation"] = rank_correlation
    
    return stats
# Visualization
def visualize_results(results_df, stats_df):
    fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(20, 20))
    
    sns.barplot(x='model', y='search_time', data=stats_df, ax=axs[0, 0])
    axs[0, 0].set_title('Search Time by Model')
    axs[0, 0].set_xticklabels(axs[0, 0].get_xticklabels(), rotation=45, ha='right')
    
    sns.scatterplot(x='result_diversity', y='rank_correlation', hue='model', data=stats_df, ax=axs[0, 1])
    axs[0, 1].set_title('Result Diversity vs. Rank Correlation')
    
    sns.boxplot(x='model', y='avg_content_length', data=stats_df, ax=axs[1, 0])
    axs[1, 0].set_title('Distribution of Result Content Lengths')
    axs[1, 0].set_xticklabels(axs[1, 0].get_xticklabels(), rotation=45, ha='right')
    
    embeddings = np.array([embedding for embedding in results_df['embedding'] if isinstance(embedding, np.ndarray)])
    if len(embeddings) > 1:
        tsne = TSNE(n_components=2, random_state=42)
        embeddings_2d = tsne.fit_transform(embeddings)
        
        sns.scatterplot(x=embeddings_2d[:, 0], y=embeddings_2d[:, 1], hue=results_df['model'][:len(embeddings)], ax=axs[1, 1])
        axs[1, 1].set_title('t-SNE Visualization of Result Embeddings')
    else:
        axs[1, 1].text(0.5, 0.5, "Not enough data for t-SNE visualization", ha='center', va='center')
    
    plt.tight_layout()
    return fig

def optimize_vocabulary(texts, vocab_size=10000, min_frequency=2):
    tokenizer = Tokenizer(models.BPE(unk_token="[UNK]"))

    word_freq = Counter(word for text in texts for word in text.split())
    
    optimized_texts = [
        ' '.join(word for word in text.split() if word_freq[word] >= min_frequency)
        for text in texts
    ]
    
    trainer = trainers.BpeTrainer(vocab_size=vocab_size, special_tokens=["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"])
    tokenizer.train_from_iterator(optimized_texts, trainer)
    
    return tokenizer, optimized_texts

# New preprocessing function
def optimize_query(query, llm):
    multi_query_retriever = MultiQueryRetriever.from_llm(
        retriever=get_retriever(vector_store, search_type, search_kwargs),
        llm=llm
    )
    optimized_queries = multi_query_retriever.generate_queries(query)
    return optimized_queries

# New postprocessing function
def rerank_results(results, query, reranker):
    reranked_results = reranker.rerank(query, [doc.page_content for doc in results])
    return reranked_results

# Main Comparison Function
def compare_embeddings(file, query, embedding_models, custom_embedding_model, split_strategy, chunk_size, overlap_size, custom_separators, vector_store_type, search_type, top_k, expected_result=None, lang='german', apply_preprocessing=True, optimize_vocab=False, apply_phonetic=True, phonetic_weight=0.3, custom_tokenizer_file=None, custom_tokenizer_model=None, custom_tokenizer_vocab_size=10000, custom_tokenizer_special_tokens=None, use_query_optimization=False, query_optimization_model="google/flan-t5-base", use_reranking=False):
    all_results = []
    all_stats = []
    settings = {
        "split_strategy": split_strategy,
        "chunk_size": chunk_size,
        "overlap_size": overlap_size,
        "custom_separators": custom_separators,
        "vector_store_type": vector_store_type,
        "search_type": search_type,
        "top_k": top_k,
        "lang": lang,
        "apply_preprocessing": apply_preprocessing,
        "optimize_vocab": optimize_vocab,
        "apply_phonetic": apply_phonetic,
        "phonetic_weight": phonetic_weight,
        "use_query_optimization": use_query_optimization,
        "use_reranking": use_reranking
    }

    # Parse the embedding models from the checkbox group
    models = [model.split(':') for model in embedding_models]
    if custom_embedding_model:
        models.append(custom_embedding_model.strip().split(':'))

    for model_type, model_name in models:
        chunks, embedding_model, num_tokens = process_files(
            file.name if file else None,
            model_type,
            model_name,
            split_strategy,
            chunk_size,
            overlap_size,
            custom_separators.split(',') if custom_separators else None,
            lang,
            apply_preprocessing,
            custom_tokenizer_file,
            custom_tokenizer_model,
            int(custom_tokenizer_vocab_size),
            custom_tokenizer_special_tokens.split(',') if custom_tokenizer_special_tokens else None
        )

        if optimize_vocab:
            tokenizer, optimized_chunks = optimize_vocabulary(chunks)
            chunks = optimized_chunks

        if use_query_optimization:
            optimized_queries = optimize_query(query, query_optimization_model)
            query = " ".join(optimized_queries)

        results, search_time, vector_store, results_raw = search_embeddings(
            chunks,
            embedding_model,
            vector_store_type,
            search_type,
            query,
            top_k,
            expected_result,
            lang,
            apply_phonetic,
            phonetic_weight
        )
        
        if use_reranking:
            reranker = pipeline("text-classification", model="cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-12-v2")
            results_raw = rerank_results(results_raw, query, reranker)

        result_embeddings = [doc.metadata.get('embedding', None) for doc in results_raw]

        stats = calculate_statistics(results_raw, search_time, vector_store, num_tokens, embedding_model, query, top_k, expected_result)
        stats["model"] = f"{model_type} - {model_name}"
        stats.update(settings)

        formatted_results = format_results(results_raw, stats)
        for i, result in enumerate(formatted_results):
            result['embedding'] = result_embeddings[i]
            result['length'] = len(result['Content'])
            result['contains_expected'] = expected_result in result['Content'] if expected_result else None

        all_results.extend(formatted_results)
        all_stats.append(stats)

    results_df = pd.DataFrame(all_results)
    stats_df = pd.DataFrame(all_stats)

    fig = visualize_results(results_df, stats_df)

    return results_df, stats_df, fig

def format_results(results, stats):
    formatted_results = []
    for doc in results:
        result = {
            "Model": stats["model"],
            "Content": doc.page_content,
            "Embedding": doc.embedding if hasattr(doc, 'embedding') else None,
            **doc.metadata,
            **{k: v for k, v in stats.items() if k not in ["model"]}
        }
        formatted_results.append(result)
    return formatted_results


#####
from sklearn.model_selection import ParameterGrid
from tqdm import tqdm

# ... (previous code remains the same)

# New function for automated testing
def automated_testing(file, query, test_params):
    all_results = []
    all_stats = []
    
    param_grid = ParameterGrid(test_params)
    
    for params in tqdm(param_grid, desc="Running tests"):
        chunks, embedding_model, num_tokens = process_files(
            file.name if file else None,
            params['model_type'],
            params['model_name'],
            params['split_strategy'],
            params['chunk_size'],
            params['overlap_size'],
            params.get('custom_separators', None),
            params['lang'],
            params['apply_preprocessing'],
            params.get('custom_tokenizer_file', None),
            params.get('custom_tokenizer_model', None),
            params.get('custom_tokenizer_vocab_size', 10000),
            params.get('custom_tokenizer_special_tokens', None)
        )

        if params['optimize_vocab']:
            tokenizer, optimized_chunks = optimize_vocabulary(chunks)
            chunks = optimized_chunks

        if params['use_query_optimization']:
            optimized_queries = optimize_query(query, params['query_optimization_model'])
            query = " ".join(optimized_queries)

        results, search_time, vector_store, results_raw = search_embeddings(
            chunks,
            embedding_model,
            params['vector_store_type'],
            params['search_type'],
            query,
            params['top_k'],
            params['lang'],
            params['apply_phonetic'],
            params['phonetic_weight']
        )
        
        if params['use_reranking']:
            reranker = pipeline("text-classification", model="cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-12-v2")
            results_raw = rerank_results(results_raw, query, reranker)

        stats = calculate_statistics(results_raw, search_time, vector_store, num_tokens, embedding_model, query, params['top_k'])
        stats["model"] = f"{params['model_type']} - {params['model_name']}"
        stats.update(params)

        all_results.extend(format_results(results_raw, stats))
        all_stats.append(stats)

    return pd.DataFrame(all_results), pd.DataFrame(all_stats)

# Function to analyze results and propose best model and settings
def analyze_results(stats_df):
    # Define weights for different metrics (adjust as needed)
    metric_weights = {
        'search_time': -0.3,  # Lower is better
        'result_diversity': 0.2,
        'rank_correlation': 0.3,
        'silhouette_score': 0.2
    }
    
    # Convert relevant columns to numeric type
    for metric in metric_weights.keys():
        stats_df[metric] = pd.to_numeric(stats_df[metric], errors='coerce')
    
    # Calculate weighted score for each configuration
    stats_df['weighted_score'] = sum(
        stats_df[metric].fillna(0) * weight 
        for metric, weight in metric_weights.items()
    )
    
    # Get the best configuration
    best_config = stats_df.loc[stats_df['weighted_score'].idxmax()]
    
    # Generate recommendations
    recommendations = {
        'best_model': f"{best_config['model_type']} - {best_config['model_name']}",
        'best_settings': {
            'split_strategy': best_config['split_strategy'],
            'chunk_size': int(best_config['chunk_size']),
            'overlap_size': int(best_config['overlap_size']),
            'vector_store_type': best_config['vector_store_type'],
            'search_type': best_config['search_type'],
            'top_k': int(best_config['top_k']),
            'optimize_vocab': bool(best_config['optimize_vocab']),
            'use_query_optimization': bool(best_config['use_query_optimization']),
            'use_reranking': bool(best_config['use_reranking'])
        },
        'performance_summary': {
            'search_time': float(best_config['search_time']),
            'result_diversity': float(best_config['result_diversity']),
            'rank_correlation': float(best_config['rank_correlation']),
            'silhouette_score': float(best_config['silhouette_score'])
        }
    }
    
    return recommendations
    ####

# Gradio Interface
def launch_interface(share=True):
    with gr.Blocks() as iface:
        gr.Markdown("# Advanced Embedding Comparison Tool")
        
        with gr.Tab("Simple"):
            file_input = gr.File(label="Upload File (Optional)")
            query_input = gr.Textbox(label="Search Query")
            expected_result_input = gr.Textbox(label="Expected Result (Optional)")
            embedding_models_input = gr.CheckboxGroup(
                choices=[
                    "HuggingFace:paraphrase-miniLM",
                    "HuggingFace:paraphrase-mpnet",
                    "OpenAI:text-embedding-ada-002",
                    "Cohere:embed-multilingual-v2.0"
                ],
                label="Embedding Models"
            )
            top_k_input = gr.Slider(1, 10, step=1, value=5, label="Top K")
         
        with gr.Tab("Advanced"):
            custom_embedding_model_input = gr.Textbox(label="Custom Embedding Model (optional, format: type:name)")
            split_strategy_input = gr.Radio(choices=["token", "recursive"], label="Split Strategy", value="recursive")
            chunk_size_input = gr.Slider(100, 1000, step=100, value=500, label="Chunk Size")
            overlap_size_input = gr.Slider(0, 100, step=10, value=50, label="Overlap Size")
            custom_separators_input = gr.Textbox(label="Custom Split Separators (comma-separated, optional)")
            vector_store_type_input = gr.Radio(choices=["FAISS", "Chroma"], label="Vector Store Type", value="FAISS")
            search_type_input = gr.Radio(choices=["similarity", "mmr", "custom"], label="Search Type", value="similarity")
            lang_input = gr.Dropdown(choices=["german", "english", "french"], label="Language", value="german")
        
        with gr.Tab("Optional"):
            apply_preprocessing_input = gr.Checkbox(label="Apply Text Preprocessing", value=True)
            optimize_vocab_input = gr.Checkbox(label="Optimize Vocabulary", value=False)
            apply_phonetic_input = gr.Checkbox(label="Apply Phonetic Matching", value=True)
            phonetic_weight_input = gr.Slider(0, 1, step=0.1, value=0.3, label="Phonetic Matching Weight")
            custom_tokenizer_file_input = gr.File(label="Custom Tokenizer File (Optional)")
            custom_tokenizer_model_input = gr.Textbox(label="Custom Tokenizer Model (e.g., WordLevel, BPE, Unigram)")
            custom_tokenizer_vocab_size_input = gr.Textbox(label="Custom Tokenizer Vocab Size", value="10000")
            custom_tokenizer_special_tokens_input = gr.Textbox(label="Custom Tokenizer Special Tokens (comma-separated)")
            use_query_optimization_input = gr.Checkbox(label="Use Query Optimization", value=False)
            query_optimization_model_input = gr.Textbox(label="Query Optimization Model", value="google/flan-t5-base")
            use_reranking_input = gr.Checkbox(label="Use Reranking", value=False)

        ####
        with gr.Tab("Automation"):
            auto_file_input = gr.File(label="Upload File (Optional)")
            auto_query_input = gr.Textbox(label="Search Query")
            auto_model_types = gr.CheckboxGroup(
                choices=["HuggingFace", "OpenAI", "Cohere"],
                label="Model Types to Test"
            )
            auto_model_names = gr.TextArea(label="Model Names to Test (comma-separated)")
            auto_split_strategies = gr.CheckboxGroup(
                choices=["token", "recursive"],
                label="Split Strategies to Test"
            )
            auto_chunk_sizes = gr.TextArea(label="Chunk Sizes to Test (comma-separated)")
            auto_overlap_sizes = gr.TextArea(label="Overlap Sizes to Test (comma-separated)")
            auto_vector_store_types = gr.CheckboxGroup(
                choices=["FAISS", "Chroma"],
                label="Vector Store Types to Test"
            )
            auto_search_types = gr.CheckboxGroup(
                choices=["similarity", "mmr", "custom"],
                label="Search Types to Test"
            )
            auto_top_k = gr.TextArea(label="Top K Values to Test (comma-separated)")
            auto_optimize_vocab = gr.Checkbox(label="Test Vocabulary Optimization", value=True)
            auto_use_query_optimization = gr.Checkbox(label="Test Query Optimization", value=True)
            auto_use_reranking = gr.Checkbox(label="Test Reranking", value=True)

        results_output = gr.Dataframe(label="Results", interactive=False)
        stats_output = gr.Dataframe(label="Statistics", interactive=False)
        plot_output = gr.Plot(label="Visualizations")

        submit_button = gr.Button("Compare Embeddings")
        submit_button.click(
            fn=compare_embeddings,
            inputs=[
                file_input, query_input, embedding_models_input, custom_embedding_model_input,
                split_strategy_input, chunk_size_input, overlap_size_input, custom_separators_input,
                vector_store_type_input, search_type_input, top_k_input, expected_result_input, lang_input,
                apply_preprocessing_input, optimize_vocab_input, apply_phonetic_input,
                phonetic_weight_input, custom_tokenizer_file_input, custom_tokenizer_model_input,
                custom_tokenizer_vocab_size_input, custom_tokenizer_special_tokens_input,
                use_query_optimization_input, query_optimization_model_input, use_reranking_input
            ],
            outputs=[results_output, stats_output, plot_output]
        )

        auto_results_output = gr.Dataframe(label="Automated Test Results", interactive=False)
        auto_stats_output = gr.Dataframe(label="Automated Test Statistics", interactive=False)
        recommendations_output = gr.JSON(label="Recommendations")

        auto_submit_button = gr.Button("Run Automated Tests")
        auto_submit_button.click(
            fn=lambda *args: run_automated_tests_and_analyze(*args),
            inputs=[
                auto_file_input, auto_query_input, auto_model_types, auto_model_names,
                auto_split_strategies, auto_chunk_sizes, auto_overlap_sizes,
                auto_vector_store_types, auto_search_types, auto_top_k,
                auto_optimize_vocab, auto_use_query_optimization, auto_use_reranking
            ],
            outputs=[auto_results_output, auto_stats_output, recommendations_output]
        )
        ###


    use_case_md = """
    # 🚀 AI Act Embedding Use Case Guide

## 📚 Use Case: Embedding the German AI Act for Local Chat Retrieval

In this guide, we'll walk through the process of embedding the German version of the AI Act using our advanced embedding tool and MTEB. We'll then use these embeddings in a local chat application as a retriever/context.

### Step 1: Prepare the Document 📄

1. Download the German version of the AI Act (let's call it `ai_act_de.txt`).
2. Place the file in your project directory.

### Step 2: Set Up the Embedding Tool 🛠️

1. Open the Embedding Comparison Tool.
2. Navigate to the new "Automation" tab.

### Step 3: Configure the Automated Test 🔧

In the "Use Case" tab, set up the following configuration:

```markdown
- File: ai_act_de.txt
- Query: "Wie definiert das Gesetz KI-Systeme?"
- Model Types: ✅ HuggingFace, ✅ Sentence Transformers
- Model Names: paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2, distiluse-base-multilingual-cased-v2
- Split Strategies: ✅ recursive, ✅ token
- Chunk Sizes: 256, 512, 1024
- Overlap Sizes: 32, 64, 128
- Vector Store Types: ✅ FAISS
- Search Types: ✅ similarity, ✅ mmr
- Top K Values: 3, 5, 7
- Test Vocabulary Optimization: ✅
- Test Query Optimization: ✅
- Test Reranking: ✅
```

### Step 4: Run the Automated Test 🏃‍♂️

Click the "Run Automated Tests" button and wait for the results.

### Step 5: Analyze the Results 📊

Let's say we got the following simulated results:

```markdown
Best Model: Sentence Transformers - paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2
Best Settings:
- Split Strategy: recursive
- Chunk Size: 512
- Overlap Size: 64
- Vector Store Type: FAISS
- Search Type: mmr
- Top K: 5
- Optimize Vocabulary: True
- Use Query Optimization: True
- Use Reranking: True

Performance Summary:
- Search Time: 0.15s
- Result Diversity: 0.82
- Rank Correlation: 0.91
- Silhouette Score: 0.76
```

### Step 6: Understand the Results 🧠

1. **Model**: The Sentence Transformers model performed better, likely due to its multilingual capabilities and fine-tuning for paraphrasing tasks.

2. **Split Strategy**: Recursive splitting worked best, probably because it respects the document's structure better than fixed-length token splitting.

3. **Chunk Size**: 512 tokens provide a good balance between context and specificity.

4. **Search Type**: MMR (Maximum Marginal Relevance) outperformed simple similarity search, likely due to its ability to balance relevance and diversity in results.

5. **Optimizations**: All optimizations (vocabulary, query, and reranking) proved beneficial, indicating that the extra processing time is worth the improved results.

### Step 7: Implement in Local Chat 💬

Now that we have the optimal settings, let's implement this in a local chat application:

1. Use the `paraphrase-multilingual-MiniLM-L12-v2` model for embeddings.
2. Set up a FAISS vector store with the embedded chunks.
3. Implement MMR search with a top-k of 5.
4. Include the optimization steps in your pipeline.

### Step 8: Test the Implementation 🧪

Create a simple chat interface and test with various queries about the AI Act. For example:

User: "Was sind die Hauptziele des KI-Gesetzes?"
    """

    
    tutorial_md = """
# Advanced Embedding Comparison Tool Tutorial

Welcome to the **Advanced Embedding Comparison Tool**! This comprehensive guide will help you understand and utilize the tool's features to optimize your **Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)** systems.

## Table of Contents
1. [Introduction to RAG](#introduction-to-rag)
2. [Key Components of RAG](#key-components-of-rag)
3. [Impact of Parameter Changes](#impact-of-parameter-changes)
4. [Advanced Features](#advanced-features)
5. [Using the Embedding Comparison Tool](#using-the-embedding-comparison-tool)
6. [Automated Testing and Analysis](#automated-testing-and-analysis)
7. [Mathematical Concepts and Metrics](#mathematical-concepts-and-metrics)
8. [Code Examples](#code-examples)
9. [Best Practices and Tips](#best-practices-and-tips)
10. [Resources and Further Reading](#resources-and-further-reading)

---

## Introduction to RAG

**Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)** is a powerful technique that combines the strengths of large language models (LLMs) with the ability to access and use external knowledge. RAG is particularly useful for:

- Providing up-to-date information
- Answering questions based on specific documents or data sources
- Reducing hallucinations in AI responses
- Customizing AI outputs for specific domains or use cases

RAG is ideal for applications requiring accurate, context-specific information retrieval combined with natural language generation, such as chatbots, question-answering systems, and document analysis tools.

---

## Key Components of RAG

### 1. Document Loading
Ingests documents from various sources (PDFs, web pages, databases, etc.) into a format that can be processed by the RAG system. The tool supports multiple file formats, including PDF, DOCX, and TXT.

### 2. Document Splitting
Splits large documents into smaller chunks for more efficient processing and retrieval. Available strategies include:
- **Token-based splitting**
- **Recursive splitting**

### 3. Vector Store and Embeddings
Embeddings are dense vector representations of text that capture semantic meaning. The tool supports multiple embedding models and vector stores:
- **Embedding models**: HuggingFace, OpenAI, Cohere, and custom models.
- **Vector stores**: FAISS and Chroma.

### 4. Retrieval
Finds the most relevant documents or chunks based on a query. Available retrieval methods include:
- **Similarity search**
- **Maximum Marginal Relevance (MMR)**
- **Custom search methods**

---

## Impact of Parameter Changes

Understanding how different parameters affect your RAG system is crucial for optimization:

- **Chunk Size**: Larger chunks provide more context but may reduce precision. Smaller chunks increase precision but may lose context.
- **Overlap**: More overlap helps maintain context between chunks but increases computational load.
- **Embedding Model**: Performance varies across languages and domains.
- **Vector Store**: Affects query speed and the types of searches.
- **Retrieval Method**: Influences the diversity and relevance of retrieved documents.

---

## Advanced Features

### 1. Custom Tokenization
Upload a custom tokenizer file and specify the tokenizer model, vocabulary size, and special tokens for domain or language-specific tokenization.

### 2. Query Optimization
Improve search results by generating multiple variations of the input query using a language model to capture different phrasings.

### 3. Reranking
Further refine search results by using a separate model to re-score and reorder the initial retrieval results.

### 4. Phonetic Matching
For languages like German, phonetic matching with adjustable weighting is available.

### 5. Vocabulary Optimization
Optimize vocabulary for domain-specific applications during the embedding process.

---

## Using the Embedding Comparison Tool

The tool is divided into several tabs for ease of use:

### Simple Tab
1. **File Upload**: Upload a file (PDF, DOCX, or TXT) or use files from the `./files` directory.
2. **Search Query**: Enter the search query.
3. **Embedding Models**: Select one or more embedding models to compare.
4. **Top K**: Set the number of top results to retrieve (1-10).

### Advanced Tab
5. **Custom Embedding Model**: Specify a custom embedding model.
6. **Split Strategy**: Choose between 'token' and 'recursive' splitting.
7. **Chunk Size**: Set chunk size (100-1000).
8. **Overlap Size**: Set overlap between chunks (0-100).
9. **Custom Split Separators**: Enter custom separators for text splitting.
10. **Vector Store Type**: Choose between FAISS and Chroma.
11. **Search Type**: Select 'similarity', 'mmr', or 'custom'.
12. **Language**: Specify the document's primary language.

### Optional Tab
13. **Text Preprocessing**: Toggle text preprocessing.
14. **Vocabulary Optimization**: Enable vocabulary optimization.
15. **Phonetic Matching**: Enable phonetic matching and set its weight.
16. **Custom Tokenizer**: Upload a custom tokenizer and specify parameters.
17. **Query Optimization**: Enable query optimization and specify the model.
18. **Reranking**: Enable result reranking.

---

## Automated Testing and Analysis

The **Automation tab** allows you to run comprehensive tests across multiple configurations:

1. Set up test parameters like model types, split strategies, chunk sizes, etc.
2. Click "Run Automated Tests."
3. View results, statistics, and recommendations to find optimal configurations for your use case.

---

## Mathematical Concepts and Metrics

### Cosine Similarity
Measures the cosine of the angle between two vectors, used in similarity search:
$$\text{cosine similarity} = \frac{\mathbf{A} \cdot \mathbf{B}}{\|\mathbf{A}\| \|\mathbf{B}\|}$$

### Maximum Marginal Relevance (MMR)
Balances relevance and diversity in search results:
$$\text{MMR} = \arg\max_{D_i \in R \setminus S} [\lambda \text{Sim}_1(D_i, Q) - (1-\lambda) \max_{D_j \in S} \text{Sim}_2(D_i, D_j)]$$

### Silhouette Score
Measures how well an object fits within its own cluster compared to others. Scores range from -1 to 1, where higher values indicate better-defined clusters.

---

## Code Examples

### Custom Tokenization
```python
def create_custom_tokenizer(file_path, model_type='WordLevel', vocab_size=10000, special_tokens=None):
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        text = f.read()
    
    tokenizer = Tokenizer(models.WordLevel(unk_token="[UNK]")) if model_type == 'WordLevel' else Tokenizer(models.BPE(unk_token="[UNK]"))
    tokenizer.pre_tokenizer = Whitespace()
    
    trainer = trainers.WordLevelTrainer(special_tokens=special_tokens or ["[UNK]", "[CLS]", "[SEP]", "[PAD]", "[MASK]"], vocab_size=vocab_size)
    tokenizer.train_from_iterator([text], trainer)
    
    return tokenizer
````

### Query Optimization
```python
def optimize_query(query, llm):
    multi_query_retriever = MultiQueryRetriever.from_llm(
        retriever=get_retriever(vector_store, search_type, search_kwargs),
        llm=llm
    )
    optimized_queries = multi_query_retriever.generate_queries(query)
    return optimized_queries
````

### Reranking
```python
def rerank_results(results, query, reranker):
    reranked_results = reranker.rerank(query, [doc.page_content for doc in results])
    return reranked_results
````

### Best Practices and Tips

- Start Simple: Begin with basic configurations, then gradually add complexity.
- Benchmark: Use automated testing to benchmark different setups.
- Domain-Specific Tuning: Consider custom tokenizers and embeddings for specialized domains.
- Balance Performance and Cost: Use advanced features like query optimization and reranking judiciously.
- Iterate: Optimization is an iterative process—refine your approach based on tool insights.


    ## Useful Resources and Links
    
    Here are some valuable resources to help you better understand and work with embeddings, retrieval systems, and natural language processing:
    
    ### Embeddings and Vector Databases
    - [Understanding Embeddings](https://www.tensorflow.org/text/guide/word_embeddings): A guide by TensorFlow on word embeddings
    - [FAISS: A Library for Efficient Similarity Search](https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss): Facebook AI's vector similarity search library
    - [Chroma: The AI-native open-source embedding database](https://www.trychroma.com/): An embedding database designed for AI applications
    
    ### Natural Language Processing
    - [NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit)](https://www.nltk.org/): A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data
    - [spaCy](https://spacy.io/): Industrial-strength Natural Language Processing in Python
    - [Hugging Face Transformers](https://huggingface.co/transformers/): State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing for PyTorch and TensorFlow 2.0
    
    ### Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
    - [LangChain](https://python.langchain.com/docs/get_started/introduction): A framework for developing applications powered by language models
    - [OpenAI's RAG Tutorial](https://platform.openai.com/docs/tutorials/web-qa-embeddings): A guide on building a QA system with embeddings
    
    ### German Language Processing
    - [Kölner Phonetik](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne_phonetics): Information about the Kölner Phonetik algorithm
    - [German NLP Resources](https://github.com/adbar/German-NLP): A curated list of open-access resources for German NLP
    
    ### Benchmarks and Evaluation
    - [MTEB Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/mteb/leaderboard): Massive Text Embedding Benchmark leaderboard
    - [GLUE Benchmark](https://gluebenchmark.com/): General Language Understanding Evaluation benchmark
    
    ### Tools and Libraries
    - [Gensim](https://radimrehurek.com/gensim/): Topic modelling for humans
    - [Sentence-Transformers](https://www.sbert.net/): A Python framework for state-of-the-art sentence, text and image embeddings
    
       ### Support me
    - [Visual Crew Builder](https://visual-crew.builder.ai/): Tool for create AI systems, workflows and api. Or just a notebook.
    
    

This tool empowers you to fine-tune your RAG system for optimal performance. Experiment with different settings, run automated tests, and use insights to create an efficient information retrieval and generation system.

# Template

python
´´´
# Chat App Template
def create_chat_app(settings):
    def chat(message, history):
        # Process the message using the configured embedding model and vector store
        chunks, embedding_model, _ = process_files(
            settings['file_path'],
            settings['model_type'],
            settings['model_name'],
            settings['split_strategy'],
            settings['chunk_size'],
            settings['overlap_size'],
            settings['custom_separators'],
            settings['lang'],
            settings['apply_preprocessing']
        )
        
        results, _, _, _ = search_embeddings(
            chunks,
            embedding_model,
            settings['vector_store_type'],
            settings['search_type'],
            message,
            settings['top_k'],
            lang=settings['lang'],
            apply_phonetic=settings['apply_phonetic'],
            phonetic_weight=settings['phonetic_weight']
        )
        
        # Generate a response based on the retrieved results
        response = f"Based on the query '{message}', here are the top {settings['top_k']} relevant results:\n\n"
        for i, result in enumerate(results[:settings['top_k']]):
            response += f"{i+1}. {result['content'][:100]}...\n\n"
        
        return response

    with gr.Blocks() as chat_interface:
        gr.Markdown(f"# Chat App using {settings['model_type']} - {settings['model_name']}")
        chatbot = gr.Chatbot()
        msg = gr.Textbox()
        clear = gr.Button("Clear")

        msg.submit(chat, [msg, chatbot], [msg, chatbot])
        clear.click(lambda: None, None, chatbot, queue=False)

    return chat_interface

# Sample usage of the chat app template
sample_settings = {
    'file_path': 'path/to/your/document.pdf',
    'model_type': 'HuggingFace',
    'model_name': 'paraphrase-miniLM',
    'split_strategy': 'recursive',
    'chunk_size': 500,
    'overlap_size': 50,
    'custom_separators': None,
    'vector_store_type': 'FAISS',
    'search_type': 'similarity',
    'top_k': 3,
    'lang': 'english',
    'apply_preprocessing': True,
    'apply_phonetic': True,
    'phonetic_weight': 0.3
}

sample_chat_app = create_chat_app(sample_settings)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    launch_interface()
    # Uncomment the following line to launch the sample chat app
´´´
    
        """


    iface = gr.TabbedInterface(
        [iface, gr.Markdown(tutorial_md), gr.Markdown( use_case_md )],
        ["Embedding Comparison", "Tutorial", "Use Case"]
    )

    iface.launch(share=share)

def run_automated_tests_and_analyze(*args):
    file, query, model_types, model_names, split_strategies, chunk_sizes, overlap_sizes, \
    vector_store_types, search_types, top_k_values, optimize_vocab, use_query_optimization, use_reranking = args

    test_params = {
        'model_type': model_types,
        'model_name': [name.strip() for name in model_names.split(',')],
        'split_strategy': split_strategies,
        'chunk_size': [int(size.strip()) for size in chunk_sizes.split(',')],
        'overlap_size': [int(size.strip()) for size in overlap_sizes.split(',')],
        'vector_store_type': vector_store_types,
        'search_type': search_types,
        'top_k': [int(k.strip()) for k in top_k_values.split(',')],
        'lang': ['german'],  # You can expand this if needed
        'apply_preprocessing': [True],
        'optimize_vocab': [optimize_vocab],
        'apply_phonetic': [True],
        'phonetic_weight': [0.3],
        'use_query_optimization': [use_query_optimization],
        'query_optimization_model': ['google/flan-t5-base'],
        'use_reranking': [use_reranking]
    }

    results_df, stats_df = automated_testing(file, query, test_params)
    recommendations = analyze_results(stats_df)

    return results_df, stats_df, recommendations

if __name__ == "__main__":
    launch_interface()