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Stable Diffusion is a latent text-to-image diffusion model capable of generating photo-realistic images given any text input. For more information about how Stable Diffusion functions, please have a look at 🤗's Stable Diffusion blog.

The Stable-Diffusion-v1-5 checkpoint was initialized with the weights of the Stable-Diffusion-v1-2 checkpoint and subsequently fine-tuned on 595k steps at resolution 512x512 on "laion-aesthetics v2 5+" and 10% dropping of the text-conditioning to improve classifier-free guidance sampling.

You can use this both with the 🧨Diffusers library and the RunwayML GitHub repository.

Diffusers

from diffusers import StableDiffusionPipeline
import torch

model_id = "prithivMLmods/Stable-Diffusion-ML-Alpha-676"
pipe = StableDiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(model_id, torch_dtype=torch.float16)
pipe = pipe.to("cuda")

prompt = "a photo of an mouse riding a horse on mars"
image = pipe(prompt).images[0]  
    
image.save("astronaut_rides_horse.png")

For more detailed instructions, use-cases and examples in JAX follow the instructions

Download the weights

The model is intended for research purposes only. Possible research areas and tasks include

  • Safe deployment of models which have the potential to generate harmful content.
  • Probing and understanding the limitations and biases of generative models.
  • Generation of artworks and use in design and other artistic processes.
  • Applications in educational or creative tools.
  • Research on generative models.

Note: This section is taken from the DALLE-MINI model card, but applies in the same way to Stable Diffusion v1_.

The model should not be used to intentionally create or disseminate images that create hostile or alienating environments for people. This includes generating images that people would foreseeably find disturbing, distressing, or offensive; or content that propagates historical or current stereotypes.

  • The model does not achieve perfect photorealism
  • The model cannot render legible text
  • The model does not perform well on more difficult tasks which involve compositionality, such as rendering an image corresponding to “A red cube on top of a blue sphere”
  • Faces and people in general may not be generated properly.
  • The model was trained mainly with English captions and will not work as well in other languages.
  • The autoencoding part of the model is lossy
  • The model was trained on a large-scale dataset LAION-5B which contains adult material and is not fit for product use without additional safety mechanisms and considerations.

Bias

While the capabilities of image generation models are impressive, they can also reinforce or exacerbate social biases. Stable Diffusion v1 was trained on subsets of LAION-2B(en), which consists of images that are primarily limited to English descriptions. Texts and images from communities and cultures that use other languages are likely to be insufficiently accounted for. This affects the overall output of the model, as white and western cultures are often set as the default. Further, the ability of the model to generate content with non-English prompts is significantly worse than with English-language prompts.

Safety Module

The intended use of this model is with the Safety Checker in Diffusers. This checker works by checking model outputs against known hard-coded NSFW concepts. The concepts are intentionally hidden to reduce the likelihood of reverse-engineering this filter. Specifically, the checker compares the class probability of harmful concepts in the embedding space of the CLIPTextModel after generation of the images. The concepts are passed into the model with the generated image and compared to a hand-engineered weight for each NSFW concept.

Training

Training Data The model developers used the following dataset for training the model:

  • LAION-2B (en) and subsets thereof (see next section)

Training Procedure Stable Diffusion v1-5 is a latent diffusion model which combines an autoencoder with a diffusion model that is trained in the latent space of the autoencoder. During training,

  • Images are encoded through an encoder, which turns images into latent representations. The autoencoder uses a relative downsampling factor of 8 and maps images of shape H x W x 3 to latents of shape H/f x W/f x 4
  • Text prompts are encoded through a ViT-L/14 text-encoder.
  • The non-pooled output of the text encoder is fed into the UNet backbone of the latent diffusion model via cross-attention.
  • The loss is a reconstruction objective between the noise that was added to the latent and the prediction made by the UNet.

Currently six Stable Diffusion checkpoints are provided, which were trained as follows.

  • stable-diffusion-v1-1: 237,000 steps at resolution 256x256 on laion2B-en. 194,000 steps at resolution 512x512 on laion-high-resolution (170M examples from LAION-5B with resolution >= 1024x1024).

  • stable-diffusion-v1-2: Resumed from stable-diffusion-v1-1. 515,000 steps at resolution 512x512 on "laion-improved-aesthetics" (a subset of laion2B-en, filtered to images with an original size >= 512x512, estimated aesthetics score > 5.0, and an estimated watermark probability < 0.5. The watermark estimate is from the LAION-5B metadata, the aesthetics score is estimated using an improved aesthetics estimator).

  • stable-diffusion-v1-3: Resumed from stable-diffusion-v1-2 - 195,000 steps at resolution 512x512 on "laion-improved-aesthetics" and 10 % dropping of the text-conditioning to improve classifier-free guidance sampling.

  • stable-diffusion-v1-4 Resumed from stable-diffusion-v1-2 - 225,000 steps at resolution 512x512 on "laion-aesthetics v2 5+" and 10 % dropping of the text-conditioning to improve classifier-free guidance sampling.

  • stable-diffusion-v1-5 Resumed from stable-diffusion-v1-2 - 595,000 steps at resolution 512x512 on "laion-aesthetics v2 5+" and 10 % dropping of the text-conditioning to improve classifier-free guidance sampling.

  • stable-diffusion-inpainting Resumed from stable-diffusion-v1-5 - then 440,000 steps of inpainting training at resolution 512x512 on “laion-aesthetics v2 5+” and 10% dropping of the text-conditioning. For inpainting, the UNet has 5 additional input channels (4 for the encoded masked-image and 1 for the mask itself) whose weights were zero-initialized after restoring the non-inpainting checkpoint. During training, we generate synthetic masks and in 25% mask everything.

  • Hardware: 32 x 8 x A100 GPUs

  • Optimizer: AdamW

  • Gradient Accumulations: 2

  • Batch: 32 x 8 x 2 x 4 = 2048

  • Learning rate: warmup to 0.0001 for 10,000 steps and then kept constant

Environmental Impact

Stable Diffusion v1 Estimated Emissions Based on that information, we estimate the following CO2 emissions using the Machine Learning Impact calculator presented in Lacoste et al. (2019). The hardware, runtime, cloud provider, and compute region were utilized to estimate the carbon impact.

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