FreedomIntelligence/medical-o1-reasoning-SFT
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Mariusz Kurman PRO
mkurman
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AI Tech Lead | MD
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Kseniase's
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about 1 month ago
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5094
8 types of RoPE
As we always use Transformers, it's helpful to understand RoPE—Rotary Position Embedding. Since token order matters, RoPE encodes it by rotating token embeddings based on their position, so the model knows how to interpret which token comes first, second, and so on.
Here are 8 types of RoPE that can be implemented in different cases:
1. Original RoPE -> RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding (2104.09864)
Encodes token positions by rotating token embeddings in the complex plane via a position-based rotation matrix, thereby providing the self-attention mechanism with relative positional info.
2. LongRoPE -> LongRoPE: Extending LLM Context Window Beyond 2 Million Tokens (2402.13753)
Extends the context window of pre-trained LLMs to 2048k tokens, leveraging non-uniformities in positional interpolation with an efficient search.
3. LongRoPE2 -> LongRoPE2: Near-Lossless LLM Context Window Scaling (2502.20082)
Extends the effective context window of pre-trained LLMs to the target! length, rescaling RoPE guided by “needle-driven” perplexity.
4. Multimodal RoPE (MRoPE) -> Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report (2502.13923)
Decomposes positional embedding into 3 components: temporal, height and width, so that positional features are aligned across modalities: text, images and videos.
5. Directional RoPE (DRoPE) -> DRoPE: Directional Rotary Position Embedding for Efficient Agent Interaction Modeling (2503.15029)
Adds an identity scalar, improving how angles are handled without extra complexity. It helps balance accuracy, speed, and memory usage.
6. VideoRoPE -> VideoRoPE: What Makes for Good Video Rotary Position Embedding? (2502.05173)
Adapts RoPE for video, featuring 3D structure, low-frequency temporal allocation, diagonal layout, and adjustable spacing.
7. VRoPE -> VRoPE: Rotary Position Embedding for Video Large Language Models (2502.11664)
An another RoPE for video, which restructures positional indices and balances encoding for uniform spatial focus.
8. XPos (Extrapolatable Position Embedding) -> https://huggingface.co/papers/2212.10
Introduces an exponential decay factor into the rotation matrix, improving stability on long sequences.
As we always use Transformers, it's helpful to understand RoPE—Rotary Position Embedding. Since token order matters, RoPE encodes it by rotating token embeddings based on their position, so the model knows how to interpret which token comes first, second, and so on.
Here are 8 types of RoPE that can be implemented in different cases:
1. Original RoPE -> RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding (2104.09864)
Encodes token positions by rotating token embeddings in the complex plane via a position-based rotation matrix, thereby providing the self-attention mechanism with relative positional info.
2. LongRoPE -> LongRoPE: Extending LLM Context Window Beyond 2 Million Tokens (2402.13753)
Extends the context window of pre-trained LLMs to 2048k tokens, leveraging non-uniformities in positional interpolation with an efficient search.
3. LongRoPE2 -> LongRoPE2: Near-Lossless LLM Context Window Scaling (2502.20082)
Extends the effective context window of pre-trained LLMs to the target! length, rescaling RoPE guided by “needle-driven” perplexity.
4. Multimodal RoPE (MRoPE) -> Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report (2502.13923)
Decomposes positional embedding into 3 components: temporal, height and width, so that positional features are aligned across modalities: text, images and videos.
5. Directional RoPE (DRoPE) -> DRoPE: Directional Rotary Position Embedding for Efficient Agent Interaction Modeling (2503.15029)
Adds an identity scalar, improving how angles are handled without extra complexity. It helps balance accuracy, speed, and memory usage.
6. VideoRoPE -> VideoRoPE: What Makes for Good Video Rotary Position Embedding? (2502.05173)
Adapts RoPE for video, featuring 3D structure, low-frequency temporal allocation, diagonal layout, and adjustable spacing.
7. VRoPE -> VRoPE: Rotary Position Embedding for Video Large Language Models (2502.11664)
An another RoPE for video, which restructures positional indices and balances encoding for uniform spatial focus.
8. XPos (Extrapolatable Position Embedding) -> https://huggingface.co/papers/2212.10
Introduces an exponential decay factor into the rotation matrix, improving stability on long sequences.
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Kseniase's
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7832
15 types of attention mechanisms
Attention mechanisms allow models to dynamically focus on specific parts of their input when performing tasks. In our recent article, we discussed Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) in detail and now it's time to summarize other existing types of attention.
Here is a list of 15 types of attention mechanisms used in AI models:
1. Soft attention (Deterministic attention) -> Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate (1409.0473)
Assigns a continuous weight distribution over all parts of the input. It produces a weighted sum of the input using attention weights that sum to 1.
2. Hard attention (Stochastic attention) -> Effective Approaches to Attention-based Neural Machine Translation (1508.04025)
Makes a discrete selection of some part of the input to focus on at each step, rather than attending to everything.
3. Self-attention -> Attention Is All You Need (1706.03762)
Each element in the sequence "looks" at other elements and "decides" how much to borrow from each of them for its new representation.
4. Cross-Attention (Encoder-Decoder attention) -> Cross-Attention is All You Need: Adapting Pretrained Transformers for Machine Translation (2104.08771)
The queries come from one sequence and the keys/values come from another sequence. It allows a model to combine information from two different sources.
5. Multi-Head Attention (MHA) -> Attention Is All You Need (1706.03762)
Multiple attention “heads” are run in parallel. The model computes several attention distributions (heads), each with its own set of learned projections of queries, keys, and values.
6. Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) -> DeepSeek-V2: A Strong, Economical, and Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Language Model (2405.04434)
Extends MHA by incorporating a latent space where attention heads can dynamically learn different latent factors or representations.
7. Memory-Based attention -> End-To-End Memory Networks (1503.08895)
Involves an external memory and uses attention to read from and write to this memory.
See other types in the comments 👇
Attention mechanisms allow models to dynamically focus on specific parts of their input when performing tasks. In our recent article, we discussed Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) in detail and now it's time to summarize other existing types of attention.
Here is a list of 15 types of attention mechanisms used in AI models:
1. Soft attention (Deterministic attention) -> Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate (1409.0473)
Assigns a continuous weight distribution over all parts of the input. It produces a weighted sum of the input using attention weights that sum to 1.
2. Hard attention (Stochastic attention) -> Effective Approaches to Attention-based Neural Machine Translation (1508.04025)
Makes a discrete selection of some part of the input to focus on at each step, rather than attending to everything.
3. Self-attention -> Attention Is All You Need (1706.03762)
Each element in the sequence "looks" at other elements and "decides" how much to borrow from each of them for its new representation.
4. Cross-Attention (Encoder-Decoder attention) -> Cross-Attention is All You Need: Adapting Pretrained Transformers for Machine Translation (2104.08771)
The queries come from one sequence and the keys/values come from another sequence. It allows a model to combine information from two different sources.
5. Multi-Head Attention (MHA) -> Attention Is All You Need (1706.03762)
Multiple attention “heads” are run in parallel. The model computes several attention distributions (heads), each with its own set of learned projections of queries, keys, and values.
6. Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) -> DeepSeek-V2: A Strong, Economical, and Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Language Model (2405.04434)
Extends MHA by incorporating a latent space where attention heads can dynamically learn different latent factors or representations.
7. Memory-Based attention -> End-To-End Memory Networks (1503.08895)
Involves an external memory and uses attention to read from and write to this memory.
See other types in the comments 👇
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reacted to
BrigitteTousi's
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about 1 month ago
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3411
LeRobot goes to driving school! 🚗🚗🚗
Hugging Face just announced a new collab with Yaak to bring the largest open-source self-driving dataset to LeRobot!
Major kudos to HF's @cadene , as well as @sandhawalia , @Shnissen and the Yaak team!
Check out the blog post here: https://huggingface.co/blog/lerobot-goes-to-driving-school
Hugging Face just announced a new collab with Yaak to bring the largest open-source self-driving dataset to LeRobot!
Major kudos to HF's @cadene , as well as @sandhawalia , @Shnissen and the Yaak team!
Check out the blog post here: https://huggingface.co/blog/lerobot-goes-to-driving-school
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updated
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about 2 months ago
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🚀 New smolagents update: Safer Local Python Execution! 🦾🐍
With the latest release, we've added security checks to the local Python interpreter: every evaluation is now analyzed for dangerous builtins, modules, and functions. 🔒
Here's why this matters & what you need to know! 🧵👇
1️⃣ Why is local execution risky? ⚠️
AI agents that run arbitrary Python code can unintentionally (or maliciously) access system files, run unsafe commands, or exfiltrate data.
2️⃣ New Safety Layer in smolagents 🛡️
We now inspect every return value during execution:
✅ Allowed: Safe built-in types (e.g., numbers, strings, lists)
⛔ Blocked: Dangerous functions/modules (e.g., os.system, subprocess, exec, shutil)
3️⃣ Immediate Benefits 💡
- Prevent agents from accessing unsafe builtins
- Block unauthorized file or network access
- Reduce accidental security vulnerabilities
4️⃣ Security Disclaimer ⚠️
🚨 Despite these improvements, local Python execution is NEVER 100% safe. 🚨
If you need true isolation, use a remote sandboxed executor like Docker or E2B.
5️⃣ The Best Practice: Use Sandboxed Execution 🔐
For production-grade AI agents, we strongly recommend running code in a Docker or E2B sandbox to ensure complete isolation.
6️⃣ Upgrade Now & Stay Safe! 🚀
Check out the latest smolagents release and start building safer AI agents today.
🔗 https://github.com/huggingface/smolagents
What security measures do you take when running AI-generated code? Let’s discuss! 👇
#AI #smolagents #Python #Security
With the latest release, we've added security checks to the local Python interpreter: every evaluation is now analyzed for dangerous builtins, modules, and functions. 🔒
Here's why this matters & what you need to know! 🧵👇
1️⃣ Why is local execution risky? ⚠️
AI agents that run arbitrary Python code can unintentionally (or maliciously) access system files, run unsafe commands, or exfiltrate data.
2️⃣ New Safety Layer in smolagents 🛡️
We now inspect every return value during execution:
✅ Allowed: Safe built-in types (e.g., numbers, strings, lists)
⛔ Blocked: Dangerous functions/modules (e.g., os.system, subprocess, exec, shutil)
3️⃣ Immediate Benefits 💡
- Prevent agents from accessing unsafe builtins
- Block unauthorized file or network access
- Reduce accidental security vulnerabilities
4️⃣ Security Disclaimer ⚠️
🚨 Despite these improvements, local Python execution is NEVER 100% safe. 🚨
If you need true isolation, use a remote sandboxed executor like Docker or E2B.
5️⃣ The Best Practice: Use Sandboxed Execution 🔐
For production-grade AI agents, we strongly recommend running code in a Docker or E2B sandbox to ensure complete isolation.
6️⃣ Upgrade Now & Stay Safe! 🚀
Check out the latest smolagents release and start building safer AI agents today.
🔗 https://github.com/huggingface/smolagents
What security measures do you take when running AI-generated code? Let’s discuss! 👇
#AI #smolagents #Python #Security
- 2 replies
Question on meaning of parameter of this model
2
#2 opened about 2 months ago
by
JLouisBiz
posted
an
update
about 2 months ago
Post
859
Just released NVAMP Loss!
✔️ modification of the cross-entropy loss function designed specifically for training LLMs.
✔️ twist on the standard cross-entropy loss by emphasizing the importance of outlier prediction errors and dynamically normalizing token-level variance.
✔️ more stable and efficient training, leading to models that generalize better.
Check it out, give it a spin, and let me know what you think!
Licensed under the Apache 2.0 license and ready to use. Happy training! 🔥🤖
https://github.com/mkurman/nvamp-loss
✔️ modification of the cross-entropy loss function designed specifically for training LLMs.
✔️ twist on the standard cross-entropy loss by emphasizing the importance of outlier prediction errors and dynamically normalizing token-level variance.
✔️ more stable and efficient training, leading to models that generalize better.
Check it out, give it a spin, and let me know what you think!
Licensed under the Apache 2.0 license and ready to use. Happy training! 🔥🤖
https://github.com/mkurman/nvamp-loss
Can't install
2
#1 opened about 2 months ago
by
JLouisBiz
updated
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about 2 months ago
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