Document Classification

Section Type: BACKGROUND

Text: Here associations with risk of invasive breast cancer are assessed for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) tagging 17 genes in the canonical TGF - ALK5/SMADs 2 & 3 and ALK1/SMADs 1 & 5 signaling pathways : LTBP1, LTBP2, LTBP4, TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, TGFBR1 (ALK5), ALK1, TGFBR2, Endoglin, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, and SMAD7 [Approved Human Gene Nomenclature Committee gene names : ACVRL1 (for ALK1) and ENG (for Endoglin)].