Document Classification

Section Type: METHODS

Text: Patients who were scheduled for tumor resection under general anesthesia were randomly and blindly given preoperative IM ketamine (K) or normal saline (placebo [P]) following 1 of 3 consecutive protocols (2 groups/protocol, 20 patients/group) : 1 dose (25-mg ketamine or 1-mL saline) at 4 hours preoperatively (K1 or P1) ; 2 doses (10 - and 25-mg ketamine or 1-mL saline twice) at 11 and 4 hours (K2 or P2) ; or 3 doses (5 -, 10 -, and 25-mg ketamine or 1-mL saline thrice) at 17, 11, and 4 hours preoperatively (K3 or P3).