Document Classification

Section Type: METHODS

Text: One hundred sixty patients with kidney stones, aged between 19 and 68 years, were randomly divided into seven groups that were treated as follows : group 1 : fentanyl 1 microg/kg by intravenous infusion (IV) ; group 2 : IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg ; group 3 : occlusive dressing and IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg ; group 4 : placebo cream and IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg ; group 5 : EMLA cream and IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg ; group 6 : placebo cream and IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg with an occlusive dressing ; and group 7 : EMLA cream and IV fentanyl 0. 25 microg/kg with an occlusive dressing.