Document Classification

Section Type: METHODS

Text: With Institutional Review Board approval and written informed parental consent, 64 SV children aged 75-1667 days were randomized to pre-incisional caudal morphine-bupivacaine (100 gkg (-1) morphine (concentration 0. 1 %), mixed with 0. 25 % bupivacaine with 1 : 200, 000 epinephrine, total 1 mlkg (-1)) and postcardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) intravenous (IV) droperidol (75 gkg (-1)) ('active caudal group') or pre-incisional caudal saline (1 mlkg (-1)) and post-CPB IV morphine (150 gkg (-1)) with droperidol (75 gkg (-1)) ('active IV group').