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what was some of joe's early recordings? | 1 | What was some of Joe Tex's early recordings? | Joe Tex | [
"Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records. His mother's wish was that he graduate from high school first, and Glover agreed to wait a year before signing him at age 19. Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success.",
"Yusuf Hazziez (born Joseph Arrington Jr.; August 8, 1935 – August 13, 1982), known professionally as Joe Tex, was an American singer and musician who gained success in the 1960s and 1970s with his brand of Southern soul, which mixed the styles of funk, country, gospel, and rhythm and blues. His career started after he was signed to King Records in 1955 following four wins at the Apollo Theater.",
"Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir. He entered several talent shows, and after an important win in Houston, he won $300 and a trip to New York City. Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records.",
"Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017. Early life Joe Tex was born Joseph Arrington, Jr. in Rogers, Texas, in Bell County to Joseph Arrington and Cherie Sue (Jackson) Arrington. He and his sister Mary Sue were initially raised by their grandmother, Mary Richardson. After their parents divorced, Cheri Arrington moved to Baytown. Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir.",
"He went on to have four million-selling hits, \"Hold What You've Got\" (1965), \"Skinny Legs and All\" (1967), \"I Gotcha\" (1972), and \"Ain't Gonna Bump No More (With No Big Fat Woman)\" (1977). Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017.",
"3 1966 The Love You Save (Dial/Atlantic 8124) – US No. 108 1966 I've Got to Do a Little Better (Dial/Atlantic 8133) 1967 The Best of Joe Tex (Dial/Atlantic 8144) 1968 Live and Lively (Dial/Atlantic 8156) – US No. 84 1968 Soul Country (Dial/Atlantic 8187) – US No. 154 1969 Happy Soul (Dial/Atlantic 8211) 1969 Buying a Book (Dial/Atlantic 8231) – US No.",
"190 1970 With Strings and Things (Dial/Atlantic 8254) 1971 From the Roots Came the Rapper (Dial/Atlantic 8292) 1972 I Gotcha (Dial 6002) – US # 17 1972 Spill the Beans (Dial 6004) 1976 Have You Ever (Mercury Netherlands NL-6338.693) 1977 Bumps & Bruises (Epic 34666) – US No. 108 1978 Rub Down (Epic 35079) 1978 He Who Is Without Funk Cast the First Stone (Dial 6100) Chart singles See also Blues Southern soul Atlantic Records Notes References The New Musical Express Book of Rock, 1975, Star Books, External links Joe Tex – I Gotcha at superseventies.com Joe Tex – The New Boss: Dial Sessions And Dates at keepkey.yochanan.net Joe Tex becomes Muslim at Raresoul.com 1935 births 1982 deaths Ace Records (United States) artists African-American male dancers African-American dancers 20th-century African-American male singers African-American Muslims African-American male singer-songwriters American rhythm and blues singer-songwriters American funk singers American soul singers Atlantic Records artists Converts to Islam Epic Records artists People from Baytown, Texas People from Rogers, Texas Singer-songwriters from Texas People from Navasota, Texas 20th-century American dancers",
"Success Tex recorded his first hit, \"Hold What You've Got\", in November 1964 at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. He was unconvinced the song would be a hit and advised Killen not to release it. However, Killen felt otherwise and released the song in early 1965. By the time Tex got wind of its release, the song had already sold 200,000 copies.",
"By then, Tex's use of rapping over his music was starting to become commonplace. In 1961, he recorded his composition \"Baby You're Right\" for Anna. Later that year, James Brown recorded a cover version, though with different lyrics and a different musical composition, gaining songwriting credit, making it a hit in 1962, and reaching number two on the R&B chart. During this time, Tex first began working with Buddy Killen, who formed the Dial Records label behind Tex."
] | Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success. He later claimed he sold musical rights to the composition "Fever" to King Records staff to get money to pay his rent. The song's credited songwriters, Otis Blackwell (who used the pseudonym John Davenport) and Joe Cooley, disputed Tex's claims. Labelmate Little Willie John had a hit with "Fever", which inspired Tex to write the first of his answer songs, "Pneumonia". |
who was he signed with at the time? | 2 | Who was Joe Tex signed with from 1955 and 1957? | Joe Tex | [
"Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir. He entered several talent shows, and after an important win in Houston, he won $300 and a trip to New York City. Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records.",
"Yusuf Hazziez (born Joseph Arrington Jr.; August 8, 1935 – August 13, 1982), known professionally as Joe Tex, was an American singer and musician who gained success in the 1960s and 1970s with his brand of Southern soul, which mixed the styles of funk, country, gospel, and rhythm and blues. His career started after he was signed to King Records in 1955 following four wins at the Apollo Theater.",
"After that, Tex withdrew from public life, settling at his ranch in Navasota, Texas, and watching football games by his favorite team, the Houston Oilers. Rivalry with James Brown The feud between Tex and fellow label mate James Brown allegedly originated sometime in the mid-1950s, when both artists were signed to associated imprints of King Records, when Brown reportedly called out on Tex for a \"battle\" during a dance at a local juke joint.",
"Rivalry with James Brown The feud between Tex and fellow label mate James Brown allegedly originated sometime in the mid-1950s, when both artists were signed to associated imprints of King Records, when Brown reportedly called out on Tex for a \"battle\" during a dance at a local juke joint. In 1960, Tex left King and recorded a few songs for Detroit-based Anna Records; one of the songs he recorded was the ballad \"Baby, You're Right\".",
"Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017. Early life Joe Tex was born Joseph Arrington, Jr. in Rogers, Texas, in Bell County to Joseph Arrington and Cherie Sue (Jackson) Arrington. He and his sister Mary Sue were initially raised by their grandmother, Mary Richardson. After their parents divorced, Cheri Arrington moved to Baytown. Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir.",
"He went on to have four million-selling hits, \"Hold What You've Got\" (1965), \"Skinny Legs and All\" (1967), \"I Gotcha\" (1972), and \"Ain't Gonna Bump No More (With No Big Fat Woman)\" (1977). Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017.",
"Tex placed six top-40 charted singles on the R&B charts in 1965 alone, including two more number-one hits, \"I Want To (Do Everything For You)\" and \"A Sweet Woman Like You\". He followed that with two successive albums, Hold On To What You've Got and The New Boss. He placed more R&B hits than any artist, including his rival James Brown.",
"Selected discography Albums 1964 Hold On! Selected discography Albums 1964 Hold On! It's Joe Tex (Checker Records LP-2993) 1965 Hold What You've Got (Dial Records 8106, distributed by Atlantic Records) – US Pop No. 124, US R&B No. 2 1965 The New Boss (Dial/Atlantic 8115) – US No. 142, US R&B No. 3 1966 The Love You Save (Dial/Atlantic 8124) – US No.",
"By then, Tex's use of rapping over his music was starting to become commonplace. In 1961, he recorded his composition \"Baby You're Right\" for Anna. Later that year, James Brown recorded a cover version, though with different lyrics and a different musical composition, gaining songwriting credit, making it a hit in 1962, and reaching number two on the R&B chart. During this time, Tex first began working with Buddy Killen, who formed the Dial Records label behind Tex."
] | Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success. He later claimed he sold musical rights to the composition "Fever" to King Records staff to get money to pay his rent. The song's credited songwriters, Otis Blackwell (who used the pseudonym John Davenport) and Joe Cooley, disputed Tex's claims. Labelmate Little Willie John had a hit with "Fever", which inspired Tex to write the first of his answer songs, "Pneumonia". |
did he write his own music or he sung other's songs? | 3 | Did Joe Tex write his own music or did he sing other's songs? | Joe Tex | [
"Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records. His mother's wish was that he graduate from high school first, and Glover agreed to wait a year before signing him at age 19. Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success.",
"Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir. He entered several talent shows, and after an important win in Houston, he won $300 and a trip to New York City. Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records.",
"Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success. He later claimed he sold musical rights to the composition \"Fever\" to King Records staff to get money to pay his rent. The song's credited songwriters, Otis Blackwell (who used the pseudonym John Davenport) and Joe Cooley, disputed Tex's claims. Labelmate Little Willie John had a hit with \"Fever\", which inspired Tex to write the first of his answer songs, \"Pneumonia\".",
"Yusuf Hazziez (born Joseph Arrington Jr.; August 8, 1935 – August 13, 1982), known professionally as Joe Tex, was an American singer and musician who gained success in the 1960s and 1970s with his brand of Southern soul, which mixed the styles of funk, country, gospel, and rhythm and blues. His career started after he was signed to King Records in 1955 following four wins at the Apollo Theater.",
"Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017. Early life Joe Tex was born Joseph Arrington, Jr. in Rogers, Texas, in Bell County to Joseph Arrington and Cherie Sue (Jackson) Arrington. He and his sister Mary Sue were initially raised by their grandmother, Mary Richardson. After their parents divorced, Cheri Arrington moved to Baytown. Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir.",
"Tex placed six top-40 charted singles on the R&B charts in 1965 alone, including two more number-one hits, \"I Want To (Do Everything For You)\" and \"A Sweet Woman Like You\". He followed that with two successive albums, Hold On To What You've Got and The New Boss. He placed more R&B hits than any artist, including his rival James Brown.",
"By then, Tex's use of rapping over his music was starting to become commonplace. In 1961, he recorded his composition \"Baby You're Right\" for Anna. Later that year, James Brown recorded a cover version, though with different lyrics and a different musical composition, gaining songwriting credit, making it a hit in 1962, and reaching number two on the R&B chart. During this time, Tex first began working with Buddy Killen, who formed the Dial Records label behind Tex.",
"By the time Tex got wind of its release, the song had already sold 200,000 copies. The song eventually peaked at number five on the Billboard Hot 100 and became Tex's first number-one hit on the R&B charts, staying on the charts for 11 weeks and selling more than a million copies by 1966.",
"He went on to have four million-selling hits, \"Hold What You've Got\" (1965), \"Skinny Legs and All\" (1967), \"I Gotcha\" (1972), and \"Ain't Gonna Bump No More (With No Big Fat Woman)\" (1977). Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017."
] | He perfected the microphone tricks and dance moves that defined the rest of his career. Many, including Little Richard, claim that Tex's future nemesis James Brown stole Tex's dance moves and microphone tricks. In 1960, he left Ace and briefly recorded for Detroit's Anna Records label, scoring a Bubbling Under Billboard hit with his cover version of Etta James' "All I Could Do Was Cry". By then, Tex's use of rapping over his music was starting to become commonplace. |
who is little richard? | 4 | Who is Little Richard in relation to Joe Tex? | Joe Tex | [
"Joe Tex was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame six times, most recently in 2017. Early life Joe Tex was born Joseph Arrington, Jr. in Rogers, Texas, in Bell County to Joseph Arrington and Cherie Sue (Jackson) Arrington. He and his sister Mary Sue were initially raised by their grandmother, Mary Richardson. After their parents divorced, Cheri Arrington moved to Baytown. Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir.",
"Brown was never charged for the incident. Brown was never charged for the incident. Tex later claimed that Brown stole his dance moves and his microphone stand tricks. In a few interviews he gave in the 1960s, Tex dismissed the notion of Brown being called \"Soul Brother No. 1\", insisting that Little Willie John was the original \"Soul Brother No. 1\".",
"After that, Tex withdrew from public life, settling at his ranch in Navasota, Texas, and watching football games by his favorite team, the Houston Oilers. Rivalry with James Brown The feud between Tex and fellow label mate James Brown allegedly originated sometime in the mid-1950s, when both artists were signed to associated imprints of King Records, when Brown reportedly called out on Tex for a \"battle\" during a dance at a local juke joint.",
"Yusuf Hazziez (born Joseph Arrington Jr.; August 8, 1935 – August 13, 1982), known professionally as Joe Tex, was an American singer and musician who gained success in the 1960s and 1970s with his brand of Southern soul, which mixed the styles of funk, country, gospel, and rhythm and blues. His career started after he was signed to King Records in 1955 following four wins at the Apollo Theater.",
"Rivalry with James Brown The feud between Tex and fellow label mate James Brown allegedly originated sometime in the mid-1950s, when both artists were signed to associated imprints of King Records, when Brown reportedly called out on Tex for a \"battle\" during a dance at a local juke joint. In 1960, Tex left King and recorded a few songs for Detroit-based Anna Records; one of the songs he recorded was the ballad \"Baby, You're Right\".",
"Tex challenged Brown to contest who \"the real soul brother\" was. Brown reportedly refused the challenge, telling the Afro-American, \"I will not fight a black man. You need too much help.\" While Tex moved on from his initial feud with Brown, Brown reportedly joked, \"Who?\" in his Bobby Byrd and Hank Ballard duet \"Funky Side of Town\" from his Get on the Good Foot album when Ballard mentioned Tex's name as one of the stars of soul music.",
"Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records. His mother's wish was that he graduate from high school first, and Glover agreed to wait a year before signing him at age 19. Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success.",
"Tex played baritone saxophone in the high-school band and sang in a local Pentecostal church choir. He entered several talent shows, and after an important win in Houston, he won $300 and a trip to New York City. Joe Tex took part in the amateur portion of the Apollo Theater, winning first place four times, which led to his discovery by Henry Glover, who offered him a contract with King Records.",
"Music career Early recordings Tex recorded for King Records between 1955 and 1957 with little success. He later claimed he sold musical rights to the composition \"Fever\" to King Records staff to get money to pay his rent. The song's credited songwriters, Otis Blackwell (who used the pseudonym John Davenport) and Joe Cooley, disputed Tex's claims. Labelmate Little Willie John had a hit with \"Fever\", which inspired Tex to write the first of his answer songs, \"Pneumonia\".",
"Labelmate Little Willie John had a hit with \"Fever\", which inspired Tex to write the first of his answer songs, \"Pneumonia\". In 1958, he signed with Ace and continued to have relative failures, but he was starting to build a unique stage reputation, opening for artists such as Jackie Wilson, James Brown, and Little Richard. He perfected the microphone tricks and dance moves that defined the rest of his career."
] | He perfected the microphone tricks and dance moves that defined the rest of his career. Many, including Little Richard, claim that Tex's future nemesis James Brown stole Tex's dance moves and microphone tricks. In 1960, he left Ace and briefly recorded for Detroit's Anna Records label, scoring a Bubbling Under Billboard hit with his cover version of Etta James' "All I Could Do Was Cry". By then, Tex's use of rapping over his music was starting to become commonplace. |
What was Alfred Russel a well known figure as? | 1 | What was Alfred Russel a well known figure for? | Alfred Russel Wallace | [
"Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He is best known for independently conceiving the theory of evolution through natural selection; his paper on the subject was jointly published with some of Charles Darwin's writings in 1858. This prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species.",
"He was also a prolific author who wrote on both scientific and social issues; his account of his adventures and observations during his explorations in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia, The Malay Archipelago, was both popular and highly regarded. Since its publication in 1869, it has never been out of print. Biography Early life Alfred Russel Wallace was born on 8 January 1823 in Llanbadoc, Monmouthshire. He was the eighth of nine children born to Mary Anne Wallace (née Greenell) and Thomas Vere Wallace.",
"His botanical contribution, from PlantsPeoplePlanet Wallace at 100 Welsh Heroes Wallace Online. The first complete online edition of the writings of Alfred Russel Wallace 1823 births 1913 deaths 19th-century British scientists 19th-century British writers 20th-century British writers Biogeographers British anti-vaccination activists English coleopterists British deists Charles Darwin English activists English anthropologists English biologists English naturalists English people of Scottish descent English socialists English spiritualists Evolutionary biologists Explorers of Amazonia Explorers of Indonesia Fellows of the Linnean Society of London Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society Fellows of the Royal Society Fellows of the Zoological Society of London Geometers Georgists English lepidopterists Botanical illustrators Members of the Order of Merit Natural history of Indonesia People associated with Birkbeck, University of London People educated at Hertford Grammar School People from Broadstone, Dorset People from Grays, Essex People from Kington, Herefordshire People from Usk Philosophical theists Recipients of the Copley Medal Royal Medal winners Victorian writers",
"(2008). (2008). Natural Selection and Beyond: The Intellectual Legacy of Alfred Russel Wallace. Oxford: Oxford University Press References Sources Vol. 1 . Vol. 2 External links The A. R. Wallace Correspondence Project Homepage The Wallace Memorial Fund's gallery of Wallace-related images Alfred Russel Wallace. His botanical contribution, from PlantsPeoplePlanet Wallace at 100 Welsh Heroes Wallace Online.",
"His death was widely reported in the press. His death was widely reported in the press. The New York Times called him \"the last of the giants belonging to that wonderful group of intellectuals that included, among others, Darwin, Huxley, Spencer, Lyell, and Owen, whose daring investigations revolutionised and evolutionised the thought of the century.\"",
"Despite this, his fame faded quickly after his death. For a long time, he was treated as a relatively obscure figure in the history of science. A number of reasons have been suggested for this lack of attention, including his modesty, his willingness to champion unpopular causes without regard for his own reputation, and the discomfort of much of the scientific community with some of his unconventional ideas.",
"He received honorary doctorates and a number of professional honours, such the Royal Society's Royal Medal and Darwin Medal in 1868 and 1890, respectively, and the Order of Merit in 1908. Above all, his role as the co-discoverer of natural selection and his work on zoogeography marked him out as an exceptional figure. He was undoubtedly one of the greatest natural history explorers of the 19th century. Despite this, his fame faded quickly after his death.",
"Wallace then moved to London to board with his older brother John, a 19-year-old apprentice builder. This was a stopgap measure until William, his oldest brother, was ready to take him on as an apprentice surveyor. While in London, Alfred attended lectures and read books at the London Mechanics Institute (current Birkbeck, University of London). Here he was exposed to the radical political ideas of the Welsh social reformer Robert Owen and of Thomas Paine.",
"The New York Times called him \"the last of the giants belonging to that wonderful group of intellectuals that included, among others, Darwin, Huxley, Spencer, Lyell, and Owen, whose daring investigations revolutionised and evolutionised the thought of the century.\" Another commentator in the same edition said: \"No apology need be made for the few literary or scientific follies of the author of that great book on the 'Malay Archipelago'.\"",
"Assessment of Wallace's role in history of evolutionary theory In many accounts of the development of evolutionary theory, Wallace is mentioned only in passing as simply being the stimulus to the publication of Darwin's own theory. In reality, Wallace developed his own distinct evolutionary views which diverged from Darwin's, and was considered by many (especially Darwin) to be a leading thinker on evolution in his day, whose ideas could not be ignored."
] | Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination. Wallace originally saw the issue as a matter of personal liberty; but, after studying some of the statistics provided by anti-vaccination activists, he began to question the efficacy of vaccination. At the time, the germ theory of disease was very new and far from universally accepted. Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked. |
What vaccinations did he question? | 2 | What vaccinations did Alfred Russel Wallace question? | Alfred Russel Wallace | [
"Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous. In 1890, Wallace gave evidence before a Royal Commission investigating the controversy. When the commission examined the material he had submitted to support his testimony, they found errors, including some questionable statistics. The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position.",
"Another factor in Wallace's thinking was his belief that, because of the action of natural selection, organisms were in a state of balance with their environment, and that everything in nature, even disease-causing organisms, served a useful purpose in the natural order of things; he feared vaccination might upset that natural balance with unfortunate results. Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous.",
"Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings. It, in turn, was attacked by The Lancet, which stated that it contained many of the same errors as his evidence given to the commission. Legacy and historical perception As a result of his writing, at the time of his death Wallace had been for many years a well-known figure both as a scientist and as a social activist.",
"Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He is best known for independently conceiving the theory of evolution through natural selection; his paper on the subject was jointly published with some of Charles Darwin's writings in 1858. This prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species.",
"Evidence of this can be seen in Wallace's letters dated 22 November and 1 December 1866, to Thomas Huxley asking him if he would be interested in getting involved in scientific spiritualist investigations which Huxley, politely but emphatically, declined on the basis that he had neither the time nor the inclination. Others, such as the physiologist William Benjamin Carpenter and zoologist E. Ray Lankester became openly and publicly hostile to Wallace over the issue."
] | The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. The commission found that smallpox vaccination was effective and should remain compulsory, though they did recommend some changes in procedures to improve safety, and that the penalties for people who refused to comply be made less severe. Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings. |
Did he suggest to use vaccinations? | 3 | Did Alfred Russel Wallace suggest the use of vaccinations? | Alfred Russel Wallace | [
"Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination. Wallace originally saw the issue as a matter of personal liberty; but, after studying some of the statistics provided by anti-vaccination activists, he began to question the efficacy of vaccination. At the time, the germ theory of disease was very new and far from universally accepted. Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked.",
"Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked. When Wallace did some research, he discovered instances where supporters of vaccination had used questionable, in a few cases completely phony, statistics to support their arguments. Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation.",
"Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings. It, in turn, was attacked by The Lancet, which stated that it contained many of the same errors as his evidence given to the commission. Legacy and historical perception As a result of his writing, at the time of his death Wallace had been for many years a well-known figure both as a scientist and as a social activist.",
"Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation. Another factor in Wallace's thinking was his belief that, because of the action of natural selection, organisms were in a state of balance with their environment, and that everything in nature, even disease-causing organisms, served a useful purpose in the natural order of things; he feared vaccination might upset that natural balance with unfortunate results.",
"The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. The commission found that smallpox vaccination was effective and should remain compulsory, though they did recommend some changes in procedures to improve safety, and that the penalties for people who refused to comply be made less severe. Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings.",
"He sued Wallace and launched a campaign, which persisted for several years, of writing letters to various publications and to organisations of which Wallace was a member denouncing him as a swindler and a thief. Wallace won multiple libel suits against Hampden, but the resulting litigation cost Wallace more than the amount of the wager, and the controversy frustrated him for years. Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination.",
"Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He is best known for independently conceiving the theory of evolution through natural selection; his paper on the subject was jointly published with some of Charles Darwin's writings in 1858. This prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species.",
"Evidence of this can be seen in Wallace's letters dated 22 November and 1 December 1866, to Thomas Huxley asking him if he would be interested in getting involved in scientific spiritualist investigations which Huxley, politely but emphatically, declined on the basis that he had neither the time nor the inclination. Others, such as the physiologist William Benjamin Carpenter and zoologist E. Ray Lankester became openly and publicly hostile to Wallace over the issue."
] | Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous. In 1890, Wallace gave evidence before a Royal Commission investigating the controversy. When the commission examined the material he had submitted to support his testimony, they found errors, including some questionable statistics. The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. |
How was vaccinations done during this time? | 4 | How were vaccinations done during Alfred Russel Wallace's time? | Alfred Russel Wallace | [
"Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination. Wallace originally saw the issue as a matter of personal liberty; but, after studying some of the statistics provided by anti-vaccination activists, he began to question the efficacy of vaccination. At the time, the germ theory of disease was very new and far from universally accepted. Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked.",
"Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked. When Wallace did some research, he discovered instances where supporters of vaccination had used questionable, in a few cases completely phony, statistics to support their arguments. Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation.",
"He sued Wallace and launched a campaign, which persisted for several years, of writing letters to various publications and to organisations of which Wallace was a member denouncing him as a swindler and a thief. Wallace won multiple libel suits against Hampden, but the resulting litigation cost Wallace more than the amount of the wager, and the controversy frustrated him for years. Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination.",
"Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation. Another factor in Wallace's thinking was his belief that, because of the action of natural selection, organisms were in a state of balance with their environment, and that everything in nature, even disease-causing organisms, served a useful purpose in the natural order of things; he feared vaccination might upset that natural balance with unfortunate results.",
"The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. The commission found that smallpox vaccination was effective and should remain compulsory, though they did recommend some changes in procedures to improve safety, and that the penalties for people who refused to comply be made less severe. Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings.",
"Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings. It, in turn, was attacked by The Lancet, which stated that it contained many of the same errors as his evidence given to the commission. Legacy and historical perception As a result of his writing, at the time of his death Wallace had been for many years a well-known figure both as a scientist and as a social activist.",
"He later wrote in his autobiography: According to his autobiography, it was while he was in bed with a fever that Wallace thought about Malthus's idea of positive checks on human population and had the idea of natural selection. His autobiography says that he was on the island of Ternate at the time; but historians have said that based on his journal he was on the island of Gilolo.",
"Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He is best known for independently conceiving the theory of evolution through natural selection; his paper on the subject was jointly published with some of Charles Darwin's writings in 1858. This prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species."
] | Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous. In 1890, Wallace gave evidence before a Royal Commission investigating the controversy. When the commission examined the material he had submitted to support his testimony, they found errors, including some questionable statistics. The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. |
Did he question any other vaccinations besides smallpox? | 5 | Aside from smallpox did Alfred Russel Wallace question any other vaccine? | Alfred Russel Wallace | [
"Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked. When Wallace did some research, he discovered instances where supporters of vaccination had used questionable, in a few cases completely phony, statistics to support their arguments. Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation.",
"Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings. It, in turn, was attacked by The Lancet, which stated that it contained many of the same errors as his evidence given to the commission. Legacy and historical perception As a result of his writing, at the time of his death Wallace had been for many years a well-known figure both as a scientist and as a social activist.",
"Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous. In 1890, Wallace gave evidence before a Royal Commission investigating the controversy. When the commission examined the material he had submitted to support his testimony, they found errors, including some questionable statistics. The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position.",
"Another factor in Wallace's thinking was his belief that, because of the action of natural selection, organisms were in a state of balance with their environment, and that everything in nature, even disease-causing organisms, served a useful purpose in the natural order of things; he feared vaccination might upset that natural balance with unfortunate results. Wallace and other anti-vaccinationists pointed out that vaccination, which at the time was often done in a sloppy and unsanitary manner, could be dangerous.",
"Always suspicious of authority, Wallace suspected that physicians had a vested interest in promoting vaccination, and became convinced that reductions in the incidence of smallpox that had been attributed to vaccination were, in fact, due to better hygiene and improvements in public sanitation. Another factor in Wallace's thinking was his belief that, because of the action of natural selection, organisms were in a state of balance with their environment, and that everything in nature, even disease-causing organisms, served a useful purpose in the natural order of things; he feared vaccination might upset that natural balance with unfortunate results.",
"Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He is best known for independently conceiving the theory of evolution through natural selection; his paper on the subject was jointly published with some of Charles Darwin's writings in 1858. This prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species.",
"Evidence of this can be seen in Wallace's letters dated 22 November and 1 December 1866, to Thomas Huxley asking him if he would be interested in getting involved in scientific spiritualist investigations which Huxley, politely but emphatically, declined on the basis that he had neither the time nor the inclination. Others, such as the physiologist William Benjamin Carpenter and zoologist E. Ray Lankester became openly and publicly hostile to Wallace over the issue.",
"The Lancet averred that Wallace and the other anti-vaccination activists were being selective in their choice of statistics, ignoring large quantities of data inconsistent with their position. The commission found that smallpox vaccination was effective and should remain compulsory, though they did recommend some changes in procedures to improve safety, and that the penalties for people who refused to comply be made less severe. Years later, in 1898, Wallace wrote a pamphlet, Vaccination a Delusion; Its Penal Enforcement a Crime, attacking the commission's findings."
] | Anti-vaccination campaign In the early 1880s, Wallace was drawn into the debate over mandatory smallpox vaccination. Wallace originally saw the issue as a matter of personal liberty; but, after studying some of the statistics provided by anti-vaccination activists, he began to question the efficacy of vaccination. At the time, the germ theory of disease was very new and far from universally accepted. Moreover, no one knew enough about the human immune system to understand why vaccination worked. |
What happened after that? | 2 | What happened after Mae West had a stroke? | Mae West | [
"He was 30 years younger than she, and later changed his name to Paul Novak. He moved in with her, and their romance continued until her death in 1980 at age 87. Novak once commented, \"I believe I was put on this Earth to take care of Mae West.\" West was a Presbyterian. West would sometimes speak of \"Mae West\" as the entertainment character she had created. Death In August 1980, West tripped while getting out of bed.",
"Mae West (born Mary Jane West; August 17, 1893 – November 22, 1980) was an American stage and film actress, playwright, screenwriter, singer, and sex symbol whose entertainment career spanned over seven decades. She was known for her breezy sexual independence, and her lighthearted bawdy double entendres, often delivered in a husky contralto voice. She was active in vaudeville and on stage in New York City before moving to Los Angeles to pursue a career in the film industry.",
"In 1912, she appeared in the opening performance of A Winsome Widow as a \"baby vamp\" named La Petite Daffy. She was encouraged as a performer by her mother, who, according to West, always thought that anything Mae did was fantastic. Other family members were less encouraging, including an aunt and her paternal grandmother. They are all reported as having disapproved of her career and her choices.",
"In 1975, West released her book Sex, Health, and ESP (William Allen & Sons, publisher), and Pleasure Man (Dell publishers) based on her 1928 play of the same name. Her autobiography, Goodness Had Nothing to Do with It, was also updated and republished in the 1970s. Mae West was a shrewd investor, produced her own stage acts, and invested her money in large tracts of land in Van Nuys, a thriving suburb of Los Angeles.",
"For her contributions as a stage actor in the theater world, she has been inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. West's was among that of hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire. Public image Mae West was noted for her \"voluptuous figure\". The Mae West look has been described as \"a figure-hugging floor-length gown with a very low neckline and the figure to fill it.\" Noted features were the fishtail train and feather trim.",
"Nonetheless, Mae West went on to enjoy a record-breaking success in Las Vegas, swank nightclubs such as Lou Walters's The Latin Quarter, Broadway, and London. Middle years After appearing in The Heat's On in 1943, West returned to a very active career on stage and in clubs.",
"Her father and brother were also entombed there before her, and her younger sister, Beverly, was laid to rest in the last of the five crypts less than 18 months after West's death. In popular culture In the 1937 film Stand-In, the stage mother (Anne O'Neal) who has her young daughter (Marianne Edwards) auditioning for Dodd (Leslie Howard) tells her: \"Now, do the Mae West number\".",
"She bucked the system by making comedy out of conventional mores, and the Depression-era audience admired her for it. When her film career ended, she wrote books and plays, and continued to perform in Las Vegas and the United Kingdom, on radio and television, and recorded rock 'n roll albums. In 1999, the American Film Institute posthumously voted West the 15th greatest female screen legend of classic American cinema.",
"A private service was held at the church in Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills, on November 25, 1980. Bishop Andre Penachio, a friend, officiated at the entombment in the family mausoleum at Cypress Hills Abbey, Brooklyn, purchased in 1930 when her mother died. Her father and brother were also entombed there before her, and her younger sister, Beverly, was laid to rest in the last of the five crypts less than 18 months after West's death."
] | Death In August 1980, West tripped while getting out of bed. After the fall, she was unable to speak, and was taken to Good Samaritan Hospital in Los Angeles, where tests revealed that she had suffered a stroke. She died on November 22, 1980, at the age of 87. A private service was held at the church in Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills, on November 25, 1980. |
Did she do anything significant before she got sick? | 3 | Did Mae West do anything significant before she got sick? | Mae West | [
"Mae West (born Mary Jane West; August 17, 1893 – November 22, 1980) was an American stage and film actress, playwright, screenwriter, singer, and sex symbol whose entertainment career spanned over seven decades. She was known for her breezy sexual independence, and her lighthearted bawdy double entendres, often delivered in a husky contralto voice. She was active in vaudeville and on stage in New York City before moving to Los Angeles to pursue a career in the film industry.",
"In 1912, she appeared in the opening performance of A Winsome Widow as a \"baby vamp\" named La Petite Daffy. She was encouraged as a performer by her mother, who, according to West, always thought that anything Mae did was fantastic. Other family members were less encouraging, including an aunt and her paternal grandmother. They are all reported as having disapproved of her career and her choices.",
"Nonetheless, Mae West went on to enjoy a record-breaking success in Las Vegas, swank nightclubs such as Lou Walters's The Latin Quarter, Broadway, and London. Middle years After appearing in The Heat's On in 1943, West returned to a very active career on stage and in clubs.",
"For her contributions as a stage actor in the theater world, she has been inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. West's was among that of hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire. Public image Mae West was noted for her \"voluptuous figure\". The Mae West look has been described as \"a figure-hugging floor-length gown with a very low neckline and the figure to fill it.\" Noted features were the fishtail train and feather trim.",
"He was 30 years younger than she, and later changed his name to Paul Novak. He moved in with her, and their romance continued until her death in 1980 at age 87. Novak once commented, \"I believe I was put on this Earth to take care of Mae West.\" West was a Presbyterian. West would sometimes speak of \"Mae West\" as the entertainment character she had created. Death In August 1980, West tripped while getting out of bed.",
"She often won prizes at local talent contests. She often won prizes at local talent contests. She began performing professionally in vaudeville in the Hal Clarendon Stock Company in 1907 at the age of 14. West first performed under the stage name \"Baby Mae\", and tried various personas, including a male impersonator. She used the alias \"Jane Mast\" early in her career.",
"Broadway stage Filmography Discography Albums: 1956: The Fabulous Mae West; Decca D/DL-79016 (several reissues up to 2006) 1960: W.C. Fields His Only Recording Plus 8 Songs by Mae West; Proscenium PR 22 1966: Way Out West; Tower T/ST-5028 1966: Wild Christmas; Dragonet LPDG-48 1970: The Original Voice Tracks from Her Greatest Movies; Decca D/DL-791/76 1970: Mae West & W.C. Fields Side by Side; Harmony HS 11374/HS 11405 1972: Great Balls of Fire; MGM SE 4869 1974: Original Radio Broadcasts; Mark 56 Records 643 1987/1995: Sixteen Sultry Songs Sung by Mae West Queen of Sex; Rosetta RR 1315 1996: I'm No Angel; Jasmine CD 04980 102 2006: The Fabulous: Rev-Ola CR Rev 181 At least 21 singles (78 rpm and 45 rpm) were released from 1933 to 1973. Written works (the novel on which The Constant Sinner was based) (novelization of play) See also References External links 1893 births 1980 deaths 20th-century American actresses 20th-century American comedians 20th-century American dramatists and playwrights 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women writers 20th-century American women singers Actresses from New York (state) American burlesque performers American contraltos American film actresses American people of English descent American people of German descent American people of Irish descent American people of Scottish descent American Presbyterians American stage actresses American television actresses American vedettes American women comedians American women dramatists and playwrights American women screenwriters Burials at Cypress Hills Cemetery Illeists Musicians from Brooklyn People from Woodhaven, Queens Paramount Pictures contract players Screenwriters from New York (state) Vaudeville performers 20th-century American screenwriters",
"West explained, \"The city fathers begged me not to bring the show to New York because they were not equipped to handle the commotion it would cause.\" West was an early supporter of the women's liberation movement, but said she was not a \"burn your bra\" type of feminist. Since the 1920s, she was also an early supporter of gay rights, and publicly declared against police brutality that gay men experienced.",
"In 1975, West released her book Sex, Health, and ESP (William Allen & Sons, publisher), and Pleasure Man (Dell publishers) based on her 1928 play of the same name. Her autobiography, Goodness Had Nothing to Do with It, was also updated and republished in the 1970s. Mae West was a shrewd investor, produced her own stage acts, and invested her money in large tracts of land in Van Nuys, a thriving suburb of Los Angeles.",
"At first she did not like her small supporting role in the drama, but was appeased when she was allowed to rewrite portions of her character's dialogue. One of several revisions she made is in her first scene in Night After Night, when a hat-check girl exclaims, \"Goodness, what beautiful diamonds\", and West replies, \"Goodness had nothing to do with it, dearie.\""
] | That same year, she began work on her final film, Sextette (1978). Adapted from a 1959 script written by West, the film's daily revisions and production disagreements hampered production from the beginning. Because of the near-endless last-minute script changes and tiring production schedule, West agreed to have her lines signaled to her through a speaker concealed in her hair piece. Despite the daily problems, West was, according to Sextette director Ken Hughes, determined to see the film through. |
What is A Few Good Men ? | 1 | What is the film A Few Good Men? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement.",
"William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay. The film, directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success, grossing $243 million worldwide. Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for the thriller Malice.",
"In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly \"well into six figures\". Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture, and found out Sorkin had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings. Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino.",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\". Writing process and style Sorkin has written for the theater, film, and television, and in each medium his level of collaboration with other creators has varied.",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\".",
"When production on A Few Good Men was completed, Sorkin resumed working on Malice right through the final shooting script. Harold Becker directed the 1993 thriller, which starred Nicole Kidman and Alec Baldwin. Malice had mixed reviews; Vincent Canby in The New York Times described the film as \"deviously entertaining from its start through its finish\". Critic Roger Ebert gave it 2 out of 4 stars, and Peter Travers in a 2000 Rolling Stone review summarized it as having \"suspense but no staying power\".",
"His works include the Broadway plays A Few Good Men, The Farnsworth Invention, and To Kill a Mockingbird, as well as the television series Sports Night (1998–2000), The West Wing (1999–2006), Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–07), and The Newsroom (2012–14). He wrote the film screenplay for the legal drama A Few Good Men (1992), the comedy The American President (1995), and several biopics including Charlie Wilson's War (2007), Moneyball (2011), and Steve Jobs (2015).",
"He wrote the film screenplay for the legal drama A Few Good Men (1992), the comedy The American President (1995), and several biopics including Charlie Wilson's War (2007), Moneyball (2011), and Steve Jobs (2015). For writing 2010's The Social Network, he won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay."
] | Sorkin was inspired to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps. Deborah told Sorkin that she was going to Guantanamo Bay to defend a group of Marines who came close to killing a fellow Marine in a hazing ordered by a superior officer. |
How did the process of writing A Few Good Men go for Sorkin ? | 3 | How did the process of writing the film A Few Good Men go for Sorkin? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format. He then spent several months at the Los Angeles offices of Castle Rock, working on the script with director Rob Reiner. William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay.",
"It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement.",
"In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\". Writing process and style Sorkin has written for the theater, film, and television, and in each medium his level of collaboration with other creators has varied.",
"He and his roommates had purchased a Macintosh 512K; when he returned home, he would transcribe the story and notes onto the computer, forming a basis from which he wrote many drafts for A Few Good Men. In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly \"well into six figures\".",
"Producer John A. McQuiggan saw the production of Hidden in This Picture and commissioned Sorkin to turn the one-act into a full-length play called Making Movies. Sorkin was inspired to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps.",
"Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct. 1991–1997: Writing for Castle Rock Entertainment Sorkin worked under contract for Castle Rock Entertainment, where he befriended colleagues William Goldman and Rob Reiner, and met his future wife Julia Bingham, who was one of Castle Rock's business affairs lawyers. Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format.",
"In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly \"well into six figures\". Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture, and found out Sorkin had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings. Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino.",
"Sorkin expressed hesitation for tackling the film, saying \"it was a little like writing about the Beatles—that there are so many people out there who know so much about him [Jobs] and who revere him that I just saw a minefield of disappointment. [...] Hopefully, when I'm done with my research, I'll be in the same ball park of knowledge about Steve Jobs\".",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\"."
] | Deborah told Sorkin that she was going to Guantanamo Bay to defend a group of Marines who came close to killing a fellow Marine in a hazing ordered by a superior officer. Sorkin took that information and wrote much of his story on cocktail napkins while bartending at the Palace Theatre. He and his roommates had purchased a Macintosh 512K; when he returned home, he would transcribe the story and notes onto the computer, forming a basis from which he wrote many drafts for A Few Good Men. |
When did A Few Good Men premiere ? | 4 | When did the film A Few Good Men premiere? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly \"well into six figures\". Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture, and found out Sorkin had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings. Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino.",
"William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay. The film, directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success, grossing $243 million worldwide. Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for the thriller Malice.",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\".",
"In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\". Writing process and style Sorkin has written for the theater, film, and television, and in each medium his level of collaboration with other creators has varied.",
"His works include the Broadway plays A Few Good Men, The Farnsworth Invention, and To Kill a Mockingbird, as well as the television series Sports Night (1998–2000), The West Wing (1999–2006), Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–07), and The Newsroom (2012–14). He wrote the film screenplay for the legal drama A Few Good Men (1992), the comedy The American President (1995), and several biopics including Charlie Wilson's War (2007), Moneyball (2011), and Steve Jobs (2015).",
"He and his roommates had purchased a Macintosh 512K; when he returned home, he would transcribe the story and notes onto the computer, forming a basis from which he wrote many drafts for A Few Good Men. In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly \"well into six figures\".",
"When production on A Few Good Men was completed, Sorkin resumed working on Malice right through the final shooting script. Harold Becker directed the 1993 thriller, which starred Nicole Kidman and Alec Baldwin. Malice had mixed reviews; Vincent Canby in The New York Times described the film as \"deviously entertaining from its start through its finish\". Critic Roger Ebert gave it 2 out of 4 stars, and Peter Travers in a 2000 Rolling Stone review summarized it as having \"suspense but no staying power\".",
"Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. Brown later received a phone call from Alan Horn at Castle Rock Entertainment who was anxious to make the film. Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct."
] | It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. |
Who was the director of A Few Good Men ? | 5 | Who was the director of the film A Few Good Men? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay. The film, directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success, grossing $243 million worldwide. Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for the thriller Malice.",
"Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. Brown later received a phone call from Alan Horn at Castle Rock Entertainment who was anxious to make the film. Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct.",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format. He then spent several months at the Los Angeles offices of Castle Rock, working on the script with director Rob Reiner. William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay.",
"Producer John A. McQuiggan saw the production of Hidden in This Picture and commissioned Sorkin to turn the one-act into a full-length play called Making Movies. Sorkin was inspired to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps.",
"When production on A Few Good Men was completed, Sorkin resumed working on Malice right through the final shooting script. Harold Becker directed the 1993 thriller, which starred Nicole Kidman and Alec Baldwin. Malice had mixed reviews; Vincent Canby in The New York Times described the film as \"deviously entertaining from its start through its finish\". Critic Roger Ebert gave it 2 out of 4 stars, and Peter Travers in a 2000 Rolling Stone review summarized it as having \"suspense but no staying power\".",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\".",
"Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct. 1991–1997: Writing for Castle Rock Entertainment Sorkin worked under contract for Castle Rock Entertainment, where he befriended colleagues William Goldman and Rob Reiner, and met his future wife Julia Bingham, who was one of Castle Rock's business affairs lawyers. Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format."
] | It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. |
Where did A Few Good Men premiere ? | 6 | Where did the film A Few Good Men premiere? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement.",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay. The film, directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success, grossing $243 million worldwide. Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for the thriller Malice.",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\".",
"In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\". Writing process and style Sorkin has written for the theater, film, and television, and in each medium his level of collaboration with other creators has varied.",
"Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format. He then spent several months at the Los Angeles offices of Castle Rock, working on the script with director Rob Reiner. William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay.",
"Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. Brown later received a phone call from Alan Horn at Castle Rock Entertainment who was anxious to make the film. Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct.",
"His works include the Broadway plays A Few Good Men, The Farnsworth Invention, and To Kill a Mockingbird, as well as the television series Sports Night (1998–2000), The West Wing (1999–2006), Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–07), and The Newsroom (2012–14). He wrote the film screenplay for the legal drama A Few Good Men (1992), the comedy The American President (1995), and several biopics including Charlie Wilson's War (2007), Moneyball (2011), and Steve Jobs (2015).",
"Producer John A. McQuiggan saw the production of Hidden in This Picture and commissioned Sorkin to turn the one-act into a full-length play called Making Movies. Sorkin was inspired to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps."
] | In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly "well into six figures". Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture, and found out Sorkin had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings. Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. |
Are there any other interesting aspects about this article? | 7 | Besides premiering at the Music Box Theater, are there any other interesting aspects about the film A Few Good Men? | Aaron Sorkin | [
"It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances. Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino. Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement.",
"Sorkin later returned in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff. Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip In 2005, Sorkin returned to theatre; he revised his play A Few Good Men for a production at London's West End. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.",
"William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay. The film, directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success, grossing $243 million worldwide. Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for the thriller Malice.",
"The musical was expected for release in 2013–14; Sorkin said: \"The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz [the director], Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift.\" In January 2013, he quit the project, citing film and television commitments. In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would adapt A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017; , \"Sorkin is still mulling the project\".",
"Producer John A. McQuiggan saw the production of Hidden in This Picture and commissioned Sorkin to turn the one-act into a full-length play called Making Movies. Sorkin was inspired to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps.",
"Meanwhile, Brown was producing for TriStar Pictures, and tried to interest them in adapting A Few Good Men into a film, but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. Brown later received a phone call from Alan Horn at Castle Rock Entertainment who was anxious to make the film. Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct.",
"Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment, learning the craft from a book about screenplay format. He then spent several months at the Los Angeles offices of Castle Rock, working on the script with director Rob Reiner. William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stage play into a screenplay.",
"The film, also directed by Reiner, was critically acclaimed; Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times described it as \"genial and entertaining if not notably inspired\", and believed its most interesting aspects were the \"pipe dreams about the American political system and where it could theoretically be headed\". A Few Good Men, Malice and The American President grossed approximately $400 million worldwide. In the second half of the 1990s, Sorkin worked as a script doctor."
] | In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered, in a deal that was reportedly "well into six figures". Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture, and found out Sorkin had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings. Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. |
Did he own any wine from TJ's vineyard? | 1 | Did Hardy Rodenstock own any wine from TJ's vineyard? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces. Alleged Thomas Jefferson wine bottles Finding and sales of the bottles Rodenstock had not just served wines at his annual tasting, but also bought and sold at wine auctions. In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance.",
"Hardy Rodenstock (7 December 1941 in Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) – 19 May 2018 in Oberaudorf; legal name Meinhard Görke) was a publisher and manager of pop and Schlager music in Germany and a prominent wine collector, connoisseur, and trader, with a special interest in old and rare wines. He became famous for his allegedly uncanny ability to track down old and very rare wines, and for arranging extravagant wine tastings featuring these wines. It has been alleged that Rodenstock was the perpetrator of an elaborate wine fraud.",
"In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance. According to Rodenstock's own account, in early 1985 he received a telephone call about a discovery of old wine bottles in Paris. The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century.",
"Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented. Later the same year, on 5 December 1985, Rodenstock put one of the \"Th. J.\" bottles up for auction at Christie's in London: a bottle of 1787 Château Lafite, engraved \"1787 Lafitte Th. J.\".",
"The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century. This had in itself been an interesting find for a collector of old wines, but the bottles also were engraved with the initials \"Th. J. \", which was taken as an indication that they had belonged to Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented.",
"When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. The foundation's curator replied that based on Jefferson's records, the foundation did not think that the bottles had been in the possession of Thomas Jefferson. Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock.",
"It has been alleged that Rodenstock was the perpetrator of an elaborate wine fraud. In 1992, a German court found that Rodenstock had \"knowingly offered adulterated wine\" for sale. On appeal, the case was settled out of court. Rare wine tastings From 1980, Rodenstock arranged annual high-profile wine tastings of old and rare wines from his collections to which he invited friends and other prominent people.",
"It is most likely the most extensive Yquem tasting to that date and it has been the subject of a book. The exclusive nature of the wine selection featured at Rodenstock's tastings is indicated by the fact that Michael Broadbent, who was considered to be the world's leading authority on old wines, had tasted many of the rarest and oldest wines at Rodenstock's tastings, in particular, most eighteenth-century wines he has tasted.",
"The exclusive nature of the wine selection featured at Rodenstock's tastings is indicated by the fact that Michael Broadbent, who was considered to be the world's leading authority on old wines, had tasted many of the rarest and oldest wines at Rodenstock's tastings, in particular, most eighteenth-century wines he has tasted. Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces.",
"In May 2012, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that the claims against Christie's were time-barred and affirmed the dismissal of the case. References Further reading Keefe, Patrick Radden, The Jefferson Bottles, The New Yorker, September 3, 2007 - How could one collector find so much rare fine wine? Stern.de: Entkorkt! Der große Weinschwindel, from Stern issue 12/2007 1941 births 2018 deaths German music publishers (people) Wine tasting German record producers People from Kwidzyn People from West Prussia Schlager musicians"
] | bottles were sold, via other auction houses. bottles were sold, via other auction houses. Concerns about authenticity In 2005, U.S. art and wine collector Bill Koch, who had bought some of the bottles attributed to Thomas Jefferson, prepared to exhibit items from his collection at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, including the Jefferson bottles. The museum asked for provenance of the items to be displayed. |
How does this all relate to Hardy? | 2 | How does Thomas Jefferson bottles, all relate to Hardy Rodenstock? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century. This had in itself been an interesting find for a collector of old wines, but the bottles also were engraved with the initials \"Th. J. \", which was taken as an indication that they had belonged to Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented.",
"Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces. Alleged Thomas Jefferson wine bottles Finding and sales of the bottles Rodenstock had not just served wines at his annual tasting, but also bought and sold at wine auctions. In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance.",
"bottles were sold, via other auction houses. bottles were sold, via other auction houses. Concerns about authenticity In 2005, U.S. art and wine collector Bill Koch, who had bought some of the bottles attributed to Thomas Jefferson, prepared to exhibit items from his collection at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, including the Jefferson bottles. The museum asked for provenance of the items to be displayed.",
"Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented. Later the same year, on 5 December 1985, Rodenstock put one of the \"Th. J.\" bottles up for auction at Christie's in London: a bottle of 1787 Château Lafite, engraved \"1787 Lafitte Th. J.\".",
"Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years. The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined.",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace.",
"In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance. According to Rodenstock's own account, in early 1985 he received a telephone call about a discovery of old wine bottles in Paris. The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century.",
"Hardy Rodenstock (7 December 1941 in Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) – 19 May 2018 in Oberaudorf; legal name Meinhard Görke) was a publisher and manager of pop and Schlager music in Germany and a prominent wine collector, connoisseur, and trader, with a special interest in old and rare wines. He became famous for his allegedly uncanny ability to track down old and very rare wines, and for arranging extravagant wine tastings featuring these wines. It has been alleged that Rodenstock was the perpetrator of an elaborate wine fraud."
] | Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock. After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine. |
So Hardy sold them to Koch.For how much? | 3 | So Hardy Rodenstock sold Thomas Jefferson bottles to Bill Koch For how much? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"bottles were sold, via other auction houses. bottles were sold, via other auction houses. Concerns about authenticity In 2005, U.S. art and wine collector Bill Koch, who had bought some of the bottles attributed to Thomas Jefferson, prepared to exhibit items from his collection at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, including the Jefferson bottles. The museum asked for provenance of the items to be displayed.",
"When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. The foundation's curator replied that based on Jefferson's records, the foundation did not think that the bottles had been in the possession of Thomas Jefferson. Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock.",
"The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century. This had in itself been an interesting find for a collector of old wines, but the bottles also were engraved with the initials \"Th. J. \", which was taken as an indication that they had belonged to Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented.",
"Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented. Later the same year, on 5 December 1985, Rodenstock put one of the \"Th. J.\" bottles up for auction at Christie's in London: a bottle of 1787 Château Lafite, engraved \"1787 Lafitte Th. J.\".",
"Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces. Alleged Thomas Jefferson wine bottles Finding and sales of the bottles Rodenstock had not just served wines at his annual tasting, but also bought and sold at wine auctions. In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance.",
"bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. He never revealed the name of the person who sold the bottles to him, the address in Paris where the bottles were purportedly found, nor the exact number of bottles found. Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years.",
"Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years. The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined.",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace."
] | In 1988, Koch had bought four bottles of Château Lafite and Branne-Mouton (present-day Château Mouton-Rothschild) of the 1784 and 1787 vintages, at a U.S. wine auction house (Chicago Wine Company) and a UK rare wine dealer (Farr Vintners), and paid a total of about 500,000 U.S. dollars for them. When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. |
Were they altered ? | 4 | Were the Thomas Jefferson bottles altered ? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"bottles were sold, via other auction houses. bottles were sold, via other auction houses. Concerns about authenticity In 2005, U.S. art and wine collector Bill Koch, who had bought some of the bottles attributed to Thomas Jefferson, prepared to exhibit items from his collection at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, including the Jefferson bottles. The museum asked for provenance of the items to be displayed.",
"The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century. This had in itself been an interesting find for a collector of old wines, but the bottles also were engraved with the initials \"Th. J. \", which was taken as an indication that they had belonged to Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented.",
"When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. The foundation's curator replied that based on Jefferson's records, the foundation did not think that the bottles had been in the possession of Thomas Jefferson. Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock.",
"Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces. Alleged Thomas Jefferson wine bottles Finding and sales of the bottles Rodenstock had not just served wines at his annual tasting, but also bought and sold at wine auctions. In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance.",
"Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years. The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined.",
"Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented. Later the same year, on 5 December 1985, Rodenstock put one of the \"Th. J.\" bottles up for auction at Christie's in London: a bottle of 1787 Château Lafite, engraved \"1787 Lafitte Th. J.\".",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace.",
"In 1988, Koch had bought four bottles of Château Lafite and Branne-Mouton (present-day Château Mouton-Rothschild) of the 1784 and 1787 vintages, at a U.S. wine auction house (Chicago Wine Company) and a UK rare wine dealer (Farr Vintners), and paid a total of about 500,000 U.S. dollars for them. When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted.",
"In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance. According to Rodenstock's own account, in early 1985 he received a telephone call about a discovery of old wine bottles in Paris. The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century.",
"bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. He never revealed the name of the person who sold the bottles to him, the address in Paris where the bottles were purportedly found, nor the exact number of bottles found. Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years."
] | After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine. David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery. |
What did the team find? | 5 | What did the FBI team find? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock. After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine.",
"Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years. The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined.",
"bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. He never revealed the name of the person who sold the bottles to him, the address in Paris where the bottles were purportedly found, nor the exact number of bottles found. Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years.",
"When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. The foundation's curator replied that based on Jefferson's records, the foundation did not think that the bottles had been in the possession of Thomas Jefferson. Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock.",
"Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. The reason that Rodenstock personally was named as defendant, rather than Chicago Wine Company or Farr Vintners, was that Koch claimed that Rodenstock had orchestrated an ongoing scheme to defraud wine collectors. Koch's lawsuit included many results from his team's forensic investigations. This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues.",
"In a statement read out in open court, Random House apologised unreservedly for making the allegations, and accepted that they were untrue. It gave an undertaking not to repeat the allegations and paid Broadbent undisclosed damages. It removed the book from sale in the United Kingdom. It also was reported that Wallace was not a party to the lawsuit or settlement, that Random House would be making no changes to the book, and that it would continue to publish the book in all territories except the UK.",
"Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock. Therefore, in June 2008, Koch asked the court's permission to file a second, amended complaint. Rodenstock's position To media covering the trial, Rodenstock presented various arguments to support the authenticity of the \"Th. J.\" bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim.",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace.",
"The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century. This had in itself been an interesting find for a collector of old wines, but the bottles also were engraved with the initials \"Th. J. \", which was taken as an indication that they had belonged to Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was an active œnophile and wine collector, who spent much time in France during the 1780s and whose interest in wine is well documented."
] | David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery. On 31 August 2006 Koch filed a civil lawsuit against Rodenstock (a.k.a. Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. |
Did the FBI confirm Koch's allegations? | 7 | Did the FBI confirm Bill Koch's allegations? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock. After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine.",
"bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim. He never revealed the name of the person who sold the bottles to him, the address in Paris where the bottles were purportedly found, nor the exact number of bottles found. Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years.",
"Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock. Therefore, in June 2008, Koch asked the court's permission to file a second, amended complaint. Rodenstock's position To media covering the trial, Rodenstock presented various arguments to support the authenticity of the \"Th. J.\" bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim.",
"After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine. David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery.",
"When Koch's staff couldn't find anything except Michael Broadbent's authentification of the bottles to confirm their provenance, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia was contacted. The foundation's curator replied that based on Jefferson's records, the foundation did not think that the bottles had been in the possession of Thomas Jefferson. Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock.",
"When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default. At the same time, Koch filed a lawsuit in Chicago against the Chicago Wine Company and the Chicago-based Julienne Importing Company. Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock.",
"David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery. On 31 August 2006 Koch filed a civil lawsuit against Rodenstock (a.k.a. Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud.",
"Koch was given 30 days to refile his lawsuit if he was dissatisfied with the court's ruling. He did so on 11 February 2008. The refiled lawsuit attempted to address the issue of the court's jurisdiction over Rodenstock. When the case was refiled, it was not known when the court would next respond to it. When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default.",
"In a statement read out in open court, Random House apologised unreservedly for making the allegations, and accepted that they were untrue. It gave an undertaking not to repeat the allegations and paid Broadbent undisclosed damages. It removed the book from sale in the United Kingdom. It also was reported that Wallace was not a party to the lawsuit or settlement, that Random House would be making no changes to the book, and that it would continue to publish the book in all territories except the UK."
] | Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. The reason that Rodenstock personally was named as defendant, rather than Chicago Wine Company or Farr Vintners, was that Koch claimed that Rodenstock had orchestrated an ongoing scheme to defraud wine collectors. Koch's lawsuit included many results from his team's forensic investigations. This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues. |
How did the case end? | 8 | How did the FBI case end? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock. After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine.",
"After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine. David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery.",
"In a statement read out in open court, Random House apologised unreservedly for making the allegations, and accepted that they were untrue. It gave an undertaking not to repeat the allegations and paid Broadbent undisclosed damages. It removed the book from sale in the United Kingdom. It also was reported that Wallace was not a party to the lawsuit or settlement, that Random House would be making no changes to the book, and that it would continue to publish the book in all territories except the UK.",
"Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. The reason that Rodenstock personally was named as defendant, rather than Chicago Wine Company or Farr Vintners, was that Koch claimed that Rodenstock had orchestrated an ongoing scheme to defraud wine collectors. Koch's lawsuit included many results from his team's forensic investigations. This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues.",
"Figures ranging from \"a dozen or so\" to thirty have been quoted throughout the years. The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined.",
"Details of legal turns during 2007 and 2008 Rodenstock maintained that as a German citizen living in Germany, the court had no jurisdiction over him, especially since the bottles were bought from third parties, and, that the statute of limitation should bar the case. Thus, he refused to take part in the proceedings.",
"Koch was given 30 days to refile his lawsuit if he was dissatisfied with the court's ruling. He did so on 11 February 2008. The refiled lawsuit attempted to address the issue of the court's jurisdiction over Rodenstock. When the case was refiled, it was not known when the court would next respond to it. When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default.",
"Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock. Therefore, in June 2008, Koch asked the court's permission to file a second, amended complaint. Rodenstock's position To media covering the trial, Rodenstock presented various arguments to support the authenticity of the \"Th. J.\" bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim.",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace.",
"When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default. At the same time, Koch filed a lawsuit in Chicago against the Chicago Wine Company and the Chicago-based Julienne Importing Company. Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock."
] | This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues. A default judgment was entered against Rodenstock in May 2010. Rodenstock refused to participate in the trial. Details of legal turns during 2007 and 2008 Rodenstock maintained that as a German citizen living in Germany, the court had no jurisdiction over him, especially since the bottles were bought from third parties, and, that the statute of limitation should bar the case. |
Are there any other interesting aspects about this article? | 10 | Besides the default judgement against Hardy Rodenstock, Are there any other interesting aspects about this article? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"Thus, he refused to take part in the proceedings. Therefore, on 14 August 2007 the magistrate judge supervising the pretrial procedures recommended that the court should enter a default judgment against Rodenstock, provided that the case was not thrown out by the trial judge because of Rodenstock's procedural defences. On 11 January 2008 the case was thrown out of court by the judge because the court was lacking personal jurisdiction over Rodenstock as defendant. Koch was given 30 days to refile his lawsuit if he was dissatisfied with the court's ruling.",
"This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues. A default judgment was entered against Rodenstock in May 2010. Rodenstock refused to participate in the trial. Details of legal turns during 2007 and 2008 Rodenstock maintained that as a German citizen living in Germany, the court had no jurisdiction over him, especially since the bottles were bought from third parties, and, that the statute of limitation should bar the case.",
"In a statement read out in open court, Random House apologised unreservedly for making the allegations, and accepted that they were untrue. It gave an undertaking not to repeat the allegations and paid Broadbent undisclosed damages. It removed the book from sale in the United Kingdom. It also was reported that Wallace was not a party to the lawsuit or settlement, that Random House would be making no changes to the book, and that it would continue to publish the book in all territories except the UK.",
"Auctioneer Michael Broadbent, on the other hand, was unhappy with how his relationship to Rodenstock was portrayed in the book. In July 2009 it was announced that Michael Broadbent would sue Random House, the publishers of The Billionaire's Vinegar, for libel and defamation of character, on claims that the book made allegations that suggested that Broadbent had behaved in an unprofessional manner in the way in which he had auctioned some of these bottles and that his relationship and dealings with Hardy Rodenstock was suspected of being improper.",
"In July 2009 it was announced that Michael Broadbent would sue Random House, the publishers of The Billionaire's Vinegar, for libel and defamation of character, on claims that the book made allegations that suggested that Broadbent had behaved in an unprofessional manner in the way in which he had auctioned some of these bottles and that his relationship and dealings with Hardy Rodenstock was suspected of being improper. The suit was filed in the United Kingdom, whose libel laws are more favourable to the defendant as the plaintiff has to demonstrate the infraction.",
"The German magazine Stern, which ran a story on the Jefferson bottle controversy in March 2007, has offered Rodenstock to have bottles still in his possession analysed by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (which determined the Hitler Diaries to be faked) at their expense, but Rodenstock has declined. Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace.",
"Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock. Therefore, in June 2008, Koch asked the court's permission to file a second, amended complaint. Rodenstock's position To media covering the trial, Rodenstock presented various arguments to support the authenticity of the \"Th. J.\" bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim.",
"Koch was given 30 days to refile his lawsuit if he was dissatisfied with the court's ruling. He did so on 11 February 2008. The refiled lawsuit attempted to address the issue of the court's jurisdiction over Rodenstock. When the case was refiled, it was not known when the court would next respond to it. When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default.",
"Details of legal turns during 2007 and 2008 Rodenstock maintained that as a German citizen living in Germany, the court had no jurisdiction over him, especially since the bottles were bought from third parties, and, that the statute of limitation should bar the case. Thus, he refused to take part in the proceedings.",
"Book on the controversy In May 2008, a book about the controversy was published under the title The Billionaire's Vinegar, written by Benjamin Wallace. In the book a tritium test and two carbon-14 tests date the wine circa 1962. Later, a cesium-137 test gave similar results. Rodenstock was not available for comments on the publication of the book. Auctioneer Michael Broadbent, on the other hand, was unhappy with how his relationship to Rodenstock was portrayed in the book."
] | David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery. On 31 August 2006 Koch filed a civil lawsuit against Rodenstock (a.k.a. Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. |
What other things were investigated? | 11 | Besides Hardy Rodenstock's sale of wine, what other things were investigated? | Hardy Rodenstock | [
"It has been alleged that Rodenstock was the perpetrator of an elaborate wine fraud. In 1992, a German court found that Rodenstock had \"knowingly offered adulterated wine\" for sale. On appeal, the case was settled out of court. Rare wine tastings From 1980, Rodenstock arranged annual high-profile wine tastings of old and rare wines from his collections to which he invited friends and other prominent people.",
"Hardy Rodenstock (7 December 1941 in Marienwerder (Kwidzyn) – 19 May 2018 in Oberaudorf; legal name Meinhard Görke) was a publisher and manager of pop and Schlager music in Germany and a prominent wine collector, connoisseur, and trader, with a special interest in old and rare wines. He became famous for his allegedly uncanny ability to track down old and very rare wines, and for arranging extravagant wine tastings featuring these wines. It has been alleged that Rodenstock was the perpetrator of an elaborate wine fraud.",
"Other participants at the Rodenstock tastings included Jancis Robinson, Robert M. Parker, Jr., and the then-owner of Château d'Yquem, Alexandre de Lur-Saluces. Alleged Thomas Jefferson wine bottles Finding and sales of the bottles Rodenstock had not just served wines at his annual tasting, but also bought and sold at wine auctions. In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance.",
"Inquiries at Chicago Wine Company and Farr Vintners came up with the result that all four of Koch's bottles originated with Rodenstock. After initial attempts at contacts with Rodenstock gave no significant results, Koch hired a retired Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent to form a team to start private investigations into Rodenstock's sales of wine.",
"Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. The reason that Rodenstock personally was named as defendant, rather than Chicago Wine Company or Farr Vintners, was that Koch claimed that Rodenstock had orchestrated an ongoing scheme to defraud wine collectors. Koch's lawsuit included many results from his team's forensic investigations. This lawsuit was then the subject of many legal turns during 2007 and 2008, primarily focused on procedural and statutory issues.",
"When Rodenstock still refused to take part in the proceedings after the lawsuit was refiled, Koch argued on 27 March 2008 that Rodenstock should be found in default. At the same time, Koch filed a lawsuit in Chicago against the Chicago Wine Company and the Chicago-based Julienne Importing Company. Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock.",
"In 1985, he came into possession of his most famous bottles, which later, have become the subject of considerable controversy as to their authenticity and provenance. According to Rodenstock's own account, in early 1985 he received a telephone call about a discovery of old wine bottles in Paris. The bottles had been found in a walled-up old cellar, and were engraved with vintage years from the late eighteenth century.",
"It is most likely the most extensive Yquem tasting to that date and it has been the subject of a book. The exclusive nature of the wine selection featured at Rodenstock's tastings is indicated by the fact that Michael Broadbent, who was considered to be the world's leading authority on old wines, had tasted many of the rarest and oldest wines at Rodenstock's tastings, in particular, most eighteenth-century wines he has tasted.",
"Sometime later, Koch claimed to have obtained evidence that nine additional bottles in his possession, dated from 1737 to 1936, also were fakes or \"highly suspect\" and they had originated with Rodenstock. Therefore, in June 2008, Koch asked the court's permission to file a second, amended complaint. Rodenstock's position To media covering the trial, Rodenstock presented various arguments to support the authenticity of the \"Th. J.\" bottles, and counter-arguments to Koch's claim."
] | David Molyneux-Berry, former head of Sotheby's wine department was hired as a consultant, and several forensic investigations were conducted on the wines, bottles, and engravings; Koch alleges that the engravings were made with an electric power tool, which would not have been possible in the eighteenth century and would indicate modern forgery. On 31 August 2006 Koch filed a civil lawsuit against Rodenstock (a.k.a. Görke) in a New York federal court, claiming that he had been the victim of fraud. |
Did he end up playing in that game? | 3 | Did Chauncey Billups end up playing in the 2006 NBA All-Star Game? | Chauncey Billups | [
"Final seasons in Detroit (2006–2008) In the 2007 NBA All-Star Game, Billups was chosen as a reserve, along with teammate Richard Hamilton, for the Eastern Conference, despite an injury that kept Billups out of five games early on in the season. Billups also took part in the Shooting Stars Competition alongside former Piston and Detroit Shock head coach Bill Laimbeer and Shock star Swin Cash. Team Detroit won the competition with Billups hitting the final half-court shot.",
"He had been an unrestricted free agent for several days after he opted out of the previous contract, which he had signed in 2002. Billups was selected to play as a reserve in the 2008 NBA All-Star Game, along with teammates Richard Hamilton and Rasheed Wallace, an injury replacement. In the first round of the 2008 NBA playoffs, during Game 3 against the Orlando Magic, Billups injured his right hamstring when Orlando Magic guard Jameer Nelson tangled with Billup's left leg on a drive to the bucket.",
"After playing college basketball with the Colorado Buffaloes, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics. A five-time NBA All-Star, a three-time All-NBA selection and two-time NBA All-Defensive selection, Billups played for the Celtics, Toronto Raptors, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, New York Knicks, and Los Angeles Clippers during his NBA career.",
"He played his first game of the Nuggets' 2008–09 season on November 7, 2008. He recorded 15 points, four rebounds and three assists in 30 minutes of play in a 108–105 Nuggets' home win. Billups was the only Nugget to be selected to the 2009 NBA All-Star Game. He finished the season averaging 17.7 points and 6.4 assists per game. With Billups and Carmelo Anthony, the Nuggets accomplished a number of franchise milestones.",
"He was selected to the 1995 McDonald's All-American Team but did not play due to a shoulder injury. College career For college, Billups chose the University of Colorado Boulder over Kansas, Georgia Tech, University of California-Berkeley, and Oklahoma State. He averaged 18.5 points, 5.1 assists, and 5.6 rebounds per game over his two seasons with the Buffaloes. In the 1996–97 season, he was named to the All-Big 12 Conference First Team, the Basketball Times All-American First Team, and Consensus 2nd team All-American.",
"Although he captained the Pistons to a franchise best 64–18 record, they failed to make it to the NBA Finals for the first time in three years. Final seasons in Detroit (2006–2008) In the 2007 NBA All-Star Game, Billups was chosen as a reserve, along with teammate Richard Hamilton, for the Eastern Conference, despite an injury that kept Billups out of five games early on in the season.",
"Coming off the bench, he along with the other new members of the team including All Star Kobe Bryant helped USA go unbeaten at the tournament held in Las Vegas and earn a spot at next Summer Olympics. On June 17, 2008, Billups announced he would not compete for a spot to be on the Olympic squad stating family reasons though he did say \"they'll be fine.",
"On February 5, 2010, Billups set a career high in points with a 39-point performance in a road win over the Los Angeles Lakers with 27 of them coming from 9 three-pointers. Billups was chosen as the replacement by David Stern for injured New Orleans Hornets point guard Chris Paul at the 2010 NBA All-Star Game. During the 2010–11 season, he averaged 16.5 points, 5.3 assists, and 2.5 rebounds in 32.3 minutes per game. His .441 three-point field goal percentage was a career high.",
"Clippers | 6 || 6 || 19.2 || .306 || .353 || .818 || 2.0 || 1.0 || .2 || .2 || 6.2 |- class=\"sortbottom\" | style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"2\"|Career | 146 || 143 || 36.4 || .411 || .366 || .880 || 3.4 || 5.7 || 1.0 || .2 || 17.3 National team career On March 5, 2006, Billups was selected to be a part of the 2006–2008 USA Men's Senior National Team program developed to restore Team USA back to the top of the basketball world after disappointments in the 2002 FIBA World Championship and the 2004 Summer Olympic Games. After missing out in the 2006 FIBA World Championship due to personal reasons, on August 20, 2007, Billups was selected to be a part of Team USA that competed at the 2007 FIBA Americas Championship, a qualifying tournament for the Beijing Olympics."
] | Pistons head coach Flip Saunders coached the Eastern Conference squad and put all four Pistons in the game when the east was falling behind; they were able to get the Eastern All-Star team back in the game. During the 2006 NBA All-Star Weekend, Billups participated in the Three-point Shootout contest. He was eliminated in the first round of the contest after scoring 12 points. Billups called this moment when all four Pistons entered the game at the same time, one of the highlight moments of his career. |
Was there anything notable in that game? | 4 | Was there anything notable in that 2006 NBA All-Star Game? | Chauncey Billups | [
"Final seasons in Detroit (2006–2008) In the 2007 NBA All-Star Game, Billups was chosen as a reserve, along with teammate Richard Hamilton, for the Eastern Conference, despite an injury that kept Billups out of five games early on in the season. Billups also took part in the Shooting Stars Competition alongside former Piston and Detroit Shock head coach Bill Laimbeer and Shock star Swin Cash. Team Detroit won the competition with Billups hitting the final half-court shot.",
"He had been an unrestricted free agent for several days after he opted out of the previous contract, which he had signed in 2002. Billups was selected to play as a reserve in the 2008 NBA All-Star Game, along with teammates Richard Hamilton and Rasheed Wallace, an injury replacement. In the first round of the 2008 NBA playoffs, during Game 3 against the Orlando Magic, Billups injured his right hamstring when Orlando Magic guard Jameer Nelson tangled with Billup's left leg on a drive to the bucket.",
"He played his first game of the Nuggets' 2008–09 season on November 7, 2008. He recorded 15 points, four rebounds and three assists in 30 minutes of play in a 108–105 Nuggets' home win. Billups was the only Nugget to be selected to the 2009 NBA All-Star Game. He finished the season averaging 17.7 points and 6.4 assists per game. With Billups and Carmelo Anthony, the Nuggets accomplished a number of franchise milestones.",
"NBA career statistics Regular season |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Boston | 51 || 44 || 25.4 || .390 || .339 || .817 || 2.2 || 4.3 || 1.5 || .0 || 11.1 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Toronto | 29 || 26 || 31.7 || .349 || .316 || .919 || 2.7 || 3.3 || 1.0 || .1 || 11.3 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 45 || 41 || 33.1 || .386 || .362 || .913 || 2.1 || 3.8 || 1.3 || .3 || 13.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 13 || 5 || 23.5 || .337 || .171 || .841 || 2.6 || 3.0 || .8 || .2 || 8.6 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 77 || 33 || 23.2 || .422 || .376 || .842 || 2.1 || 3.4 || .7 || .1 || 9.3 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 82 || 54 || 28.7 || .423 || .394 || .885 || 2.8 || 5.5 || .8 || .2 || 12.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 74 || 74 || 31.4 || .421 || .392 || .878 || 3.7 || 3.9 || .9 || .2 || 16.2 |- | style=\"text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 78 || 78 || 35.4 || .394 || .388 || .878 || 3.5 || 5.7 || 1.1 || .1 || 16.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 80 || 80 || 35.8 || .442 || .426 || .898 || 3.4 || 5.8 || 1.0 || .1 || 16.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 81 || 81 || 36.1 || .418 || .433 || .894 || 3.1 || 8.6 || .9 || .1 || 18.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 70 || 70 || 36.2 || .427 || .345 || .883 || 3.4 || 7.2 || 1.2 || .2 || 17.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 78 || 78 || 32.3 || .448 || .401 || .918 || 2.7 || 6.8 || 1.3 || .2 || 17.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 2 || 2 || 35.0 || .333 || .286 || .918 || 5.0 || 7.5 || 1.5 || .5 || 12.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 77 || 77 || 35.3 || .420 || .410 || .900 || 3.0 || 6.4 || 1.2 || .2 || 17.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 73 || 73 || 34.1 || .418 || .386 || .910 || 3.1 || 5.6 || 1.1 || .1 || 19.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 51 || 51 || 32.3 || .438 || .441 || .923 || 2.5 || 5.3 || 1.0 || .2 || 16.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|New York | 21 || 21 || 31.6 || .403 || .328 || .902 || 3.1 || 5.5 || .9 || .1 || 17.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|L.A. Clippers | 20 || 20 || 30.4 || .364 || .384 || .895 || 2.5 || 4.0 || .5 || .2 || 15.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|L.A.",
"In his first career game, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 4 assists in 16 minutes of playing time as a reserve in a win against the Michael Jordan-led Bulls. In his eighth career game, Billups posted a then career-high 22 points, on 5-for-14 shooting from the field and 9-for-10 from the free throw line, to go along with 3 assists and 4 steals, in a 103–99 win over the visiting Raptors. Years later, Billups reflected on his stint in Boston, commenting, \"That didn't help.",
"In the pivotal Game 3 during the first round series against the Milwaukee Bucks, which was tied 1–1, Billups led all scorers with 21 points and finished the scoring for his team by sinking 4 of 4 free throws in the final 31.2 seconds. These free throws were a key part of the Pistons effort to stave off the Bucks' relentless defense which kept Detroit from scoring a normal field goal during the last 5:34.",
"Clippers | 22 || 22 || 19.0 || .402 || .367 || .938 || 1.5 || 2.2 || .5 || .0 || 8.4 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 19 || 7 || 16.3 || .304 || .292 || .833 || 1.5 || 2.2 || .4 || .1 || 3.8 |- class=\"sortbottom\" | style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"2\"|Career | 1043 || 937 || 31.6 || .415 || .387 || .894 || 2.9 || 5.4 || 1.0 || .2 || 15.2 |- class=\"sortbottom\" | style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"2\"|All-Star | 5 || 0 || 19.0 || .455 || .320 || .750 || 2.2 || 5.0 || .4 || .0 || 10.2 Playoffs |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2001 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 3 || 0 || 8.7 || .167 || .000 || 1.000 || 1.7 || .7 || .0 || .0 || 1.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2002 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 3 || 3 || 44.7 || .451 || .400 || .700 || 5.0 || 5.7 || 1.0 || .3 || 22.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2003 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 14 || 14 || 34.6 || .374 || .310 || .933 || 3.4 || 4.7 || .6 || .1 || 18.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;\"|2004 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 23 || 23 || 38.3 || .385 || .346 || .890 || 3.0 || 5.9 || 1.3 || .1 || 16.4 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2005 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 25 || 25 || 39.4 || .428 || .349 || .893 || 4.3 || 6.5 || 1.0 || .2 || 18.7 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2006 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 18 || 18 || 39.2 || .406 || .340 || .905 || 3.4 || 6.5 || 1.2 || .1 || 17.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2007 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 16 || 16 || 40.6 || .435 || .389 || .832 || 3.3 || 5.7 || 1.2 || .1 || 18.6 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2008 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 15 || 15 || 32.0 || .401 || .375 || .832 || 2.9 || 5.5 || .8 || .1 || 16.1 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2009 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 16 || 16 || 38.7 || .457 || .468 || .906 || 3.8 || 6.8 || 1.3 || .3 || 20.6 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2010 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 6 || 6 || 34.5 || .446 || .355 || .881 || 2.3 || 6.3 || 1.0 || .5 || 20.6 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2011 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|New York | 1 || 1 || 35.0 || .273 || .333 || 1.000 || 2.0 || 4.0 || .0 || .0 || 10.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"|2013 | style=\"text-align:left;\"|L.A. Clippers | 6 || 6 || 19.2 || .306 || .353 || .818 || 2.0 || 1.0 || .2 || .2 || 6.2 |- class=\"sortbottom\" | style=\"text-align:center;\" colspan=\"2\"|Career | 146 || 143 || 36.4 || .411 || .366 || .880 || 3.4 || 5.7 || 1.0 || .2 || 17.3 National team career On March 5, 2006, Billups was selected to be a part of the 2006–2008 USA Men's Senior National Team program developed to restore Team USA back to the top of the basketball world after disappointments in the 2002 FIBA World Championship and the 2004 Summer Olympic Games.",
"The second event was just over two weeks later on March 26. The Pistons were tied in overtime with the Atlanta Hawks 99–99 until Billups made a top-of-the-key triple with 0.5 seconds left to win the game. Billups finished with 22 points against the Hawks. In the 2003 Playoffs, the top-seed Pistons surprisingly fell behind the upstart 8-seed Orlando Magic in the first round series 3 games to 1."
] | Pistons head coach Flip Saunders coached the Eastern Conference squad and put all four Pistons in the game when the east was falling behind; they were able to get the Eastern All-Star team back in the game. During the 2006 NBA All-Star Weekend, Billups participated in the Three-point Shootout contest. He was eliminated in the first round of the contest after scoring 12 points. Billups called this moment when all four Pistons entered the game at the same time, one of the highlight moments of his career. |
Are there any other interesting aspects about this article? | 5 | Are there any other interesting aspects about this article about Chauncey Billups other than then All-Star Game in 2006? | Chauncey Billups | [
"In his first career game, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 4 assists in 16 minutes of playing time as a reserve in a win against the Michael Jordan-led Bulls. In his eighth career game, Billups posted a then career-high 22 points, on 5-for-14 shooting from the field and 9-for-10 from the free throw line, to go along with 3 assists and 4 steals, in a 103–99 win over the visiting Raptors. Years later, Billups reflected on his stint in Boston, commenting, \"That didn't help.",
"Before being hired as the head coach for the Portland Trail Blazers, they investigated this allegation and concluded it did not disqualify him from taking the role. See also List of National Basketball Association career assists leaders List of National Basketball Association career 3-point scoring leaders List of National Basketball Association career playoff assists leaders List of National Basketball Association career playoff 3-point scoring leaders List of National Basketball Association career playoff free throw scoring leaders References External links JockBio.com Biography 1976 births Living people 2010 FIBA World Championship players African-American basketball players All-American college men's basketball players American expatriate basketball people in Canada American men's basketball players Basketball players from Denver Big3 players Boston Celtics draft picks Boston Celtics players Colorado Buffaloes men's basketball players Denver Nuggets players Detroit Pistons players FIBA World Championship-winning players Los Angeles Clippers assistant coaches Los Angeles Clippers players McDonald's High School All-Americans Minnesota Timberwolves players National Basketball Association All-Stars National Basketball Association players with retired numbers New York Knicks players Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball) Point guards Portland Trail Blazers head coaches Shooting guards Sportspeople from Denver Toronto Raptors players United States men's national basketball team players 21st-century African-American sportspeople 20th-century African-American sportspeople American men's 3x3 basketball players",
"He was selected to the 1995 McDonald's All-American Team but did not play due to a shoulder injury. College career For college, Billups chose the University of Colorado Boulder over Kansas, Georgia Tech, University of California-Berkeley, and Oklahoma State. He averaged 18.5 points, 5.1 assists, and 5.6 rebounds per game over his two seasons with the Buffaloes. In the 1996–97 season, he was named to the All-Big 12 Conference First Team, the Basketball Times All-American First Team, and Consensus 2nd team All-American.",
"Billups was \"collateral damage\"—as more than one sportswriter put it—of Carmelo Anthony's desire to play in New York and the Nuggets' desire to trade Anthony before he became a free agent. \"Oh it was hard, hardest thing I've ever had to do\", Billups said. \"I had to tell my girls that daddy was traded, that he was leaving to play across the country. I told them it wasn't my choice, that nothing could be done about it. I had to go.",
"He played his first game of the Nuggets' 2008–09 season on November 7, 2008. He recorded 15 points, four rebounds and three assists in 30 minutes of play in a 108–105 Nuggets' home win. Billups was the only Nugget to be selected to the 2009 NBA All-Star Game. He finished the season averaging 17.7 points and 6.4 assists per game. With Billups and Carmelo Anthony, the Nuggets accomplished a number of franchise milestones.",
"On June 16, 2008, Billups appeared at Joe Louis Arena for a Barack Obama rally. The Coors Events Center has a large mural of Billups in the northeast corner of the arena as part of his \"Chauncey's Kid Roundup\" program. Sexual assault allegation In 1997, Billups and fellow former Celtic Ron Mercer were accused of sexually assaulting a woman at the home of teammate Antoine Walker.",
"No criminal charges were filed, but Billups and Mercer settled a civil suit in 2000. Before being hired as the head coach for the Portland Trail Blazers, they investigated this allegation and concluded it did not disqualify him from taking the role.",
"Billups would work with his more experienced teammates on shooting, scouting, decision-making and the other attributes that came with playing point guard in the NBA, such as learning to work more effectively with teammates and deciding which plays would be most beneficial for the team in a specific situation. In his first career game with the Timberwolves, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 5 assists in a 106–98 road win over the Houston Rockets.",
"Chauncey Ray Billups (born September 25, 1976) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach for the Portland Trail Blazers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played 17 seasons in the NBA. After playing college basketball with the Colorado Buffaloes, he was selected third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics.",
"On February 22, in just his second career game with the Raptors, Billups recorded a then-career high of 27 points on 5-for-13 shooting from the field and 13-for-16 from the free throw line, to go along with 2 rebounds and 5 assists in a 113–105 win over the Vancouver Grizzlies. On March 3, Billups recorded 26 points to go along with 5 rebounds and 6 assists in a 93–108 loss to the visiting Utah Jazz."
] | Final seasons in Detroit (2006–2008) In the 2007 NBA All-Star Game, Billups was chosen as a reserve, along with teammate Richard Hamilton, for the Eastern Conference, despite an injury that kept Billups out of five games early on in the season. Billups also took part in the Shooting Stars Competition alongside former Piston and Detroit Shock head coach Bill Laimbeer and Shock star Swin Cash. Team Detroit won the competition with Billups hitting the final half-court shot. |
How did he perform in the Eastern Conference? | 6 | How did Chauncey Billups perform in the Eastern Conference? | Chauncey Billups | [
"In his first career game, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 4 assists in 16 minutes of playing time as a reserve in a win against the Michael Jordan-led Bulls. In his eighth career game, Billups posted a then career-high 22 points, on 5-for-14 shooting from the field and 9-for-10 from the free throw line, to go along with 3 assists and 4 steals, in a 103–99 win over the visiting Raptors. Years later, Billups reflected on his stint in Boston, commenting, \"That didn't help.",
"He was selected to the 1995 McDonald's All-American Team but did not play due to a shoulder injury. College career For college, Billups chose the University of Colorado Boulder over Kansas, Georgia Tech, University of California-Berkeley, and Oklahoma State. He averaged 18.5 points, 5.1 assists, and 5.6 rebounds per game over his two seasons with the Buffaloes. In the 1996–97 season, he was named to the All-Big 12 Conference First Team, the Basketball Times All-American First Team, and Consensus 2nd team All-American.",
"On February 22, in just his second career game with the Raptors, Billups recorded a then-career high of 27 points on 5-for-13 shooting from the field and 13-for-16 from the free throw line, to go along with 2 rebounds and 5 assists in a 113–105 win over the Vancouver Grizzlies. On March 3, Billups recorded 26 points to go along with 5 rebounds and 6 assists in a 93–108 loss to the visiting Utah Jazz.",
"Years later, Billups reflected on his stint in Boston, commenting, \"That didn't help. That didn't give me a chance to really slow down and listen to myself, listen to the game and what's going on. I never really had that chance. It was a recipe for disaster there.\" In addition, the Celtics coaching staff did not know whether to play him as a point guard or shooting guard. Fifty-one games later, Billups was traded to the Toronto Raptors on the trade deadline.",
"4 retired by University of Colorado NBA career Boston Celtics (1997–1998) Billups was drafted third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics. He did not mesh with new Celtics head coach Rick Pitino. In his first career game, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 4 assists in 16 minutes of playing time as a reserve in a win against the Michael Jordan-led Bulls.",
"Billups quickly earned respect from Pistons fans and colleagues for his tenacious defense and clutch shooting. In 2002–03, Billups helped Detroit finish first overall in the Eastern Conference with a 50–32 regular season record. Billups earned the nickname \"Mr. Big-Shot\" during the regular season for two events. He first made a game winning three on March 9 as time expired to beat the Golden State Warriors 107–105 and Billups scored 31 points. The second event was just over two weeks later on March 26.",
"NBA career statistics Regular season |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Boston | 51 || 44 || 25.4 || .390 || .339 || .817 || 2.2 || 4.3 || 1.5 || .0 || 11.1 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Toronto | 29 || 26 || 31.7 || .349 || .316 || .919 || 2.7 || 3.3 || 1.0 || .1 || 11.3 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 45 || 41 || 33.1 || .386 || .362 || .913 || 2.1 || 3.8 || 1.3 || .3 || 13.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 13 || 5 || 23.5 || .337 || .171 || .841 || 2.6 || 3.0 || .8 || .2 || 8.6 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 77 || 33 || 23.2 || .422 || .376 || .842 || 2.1 || 3.4 || .7 || .1 || 9.3 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Minnesota | 82 || 54 || 28.7 || .423 || .394 || .885 || 2.8 || 5.5 || .8 || .2 || 12.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 74 || 74 || 31.4 || .421 || .392 || .878 || 3.7 || 3.9 || .9 || .2 || 16.2 |- | style=\"text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 78 || 78 || 35.4 || .394 || .388 || .878 || 3.5 || 5.7 || 1.1 || .1 || 16.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 80 || 80 || 35.8 || .442 || .426 || .898 || 3.4 || 5.8 || 1.0 || .1 || 16.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 81 || 81 || 36.1 || .418 || .433 || .894 || 3.1 || 8.6 || .9 || .1 || 18.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 70 || 70 || 36.2 || .427 || .345 || .883 || 3.4 || 7.2 || 1.2 || .2 || 17.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 78 || 78 || 32.3 || .448 || .401 || .918 || 2.7 || 6.8 || 1.3 || .2 || 17.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Detroit | 2 || 2 || 35.0 || .333 || .286 || .918 || 5.0 || 7.5 || 1.5 || .5 || 12.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 77 || 77 || 35.3 || .420 || .410 || .900 || 3.0 || 6.4 || 1.2 || .2 || 17.9 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 73 || 73 || 34.1 || .418 || .386 || .910 || 3.1 || 5.6 || 1.1 || .1 || 19.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|Denver | 51 || 51 || 32.3 || .438 || .441 || .923 || 2.5 || 5.3 || 1.0 || .2 || 16.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|New York | 21 || 21 || 31.6 || .403 || .328 || .902 || 3.1 || 5.5 || .9 || .1 || 17.5 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|L.A. Clippers | 20 || 20 || 30.4 || .364 || .384 || .895 || 2.5 || 4.0 || .5 || .2 || 15.0 |- | style=\"text-align:left;\"| | style=\"text-align:left;\"|L.A.",
"As a 9-seed, Billups and the Buffalos upset the 8-seed Indiana Hoosiers 80–62 but then lost to the North Carolina Tar Heels 56–73. Billups averaged 17.5 points, 5.5 rebounds, and 3.0 assists per game. College awards and honors Consensus second-team All-American (1997) All-Big 12 First Team (1997) AllBuffs.com All-Time Colorado Buffaloes Men's Basketball Team No. 4 retired by University of Colorado NBA career Boston Celtics (1997–1998) Billups was drafted third overall in the 1997 NBA draft by the Boston Celtics.",
"Although he captained the Pistons to a franchise best 64–18 record, they failed to make it to the NBA Finals for the first time in three years. Final seasons in Detroit (2006–2008) In the 2007 NBA All-Star Game, Billups was chosen as a reserve, along with teammate Richard Hamilton, for the Eastern Conference, despite an injury that kept Billups out of five games early on in the season.",
"Billups would work with his more experienced teammates on shooting, scouting, decision-making and the other attributes that came with playing point guard in the NBA, such as learning to work more effectively with teammates and deciding which plays would be most beneficial for the team in a specific situation. In his first career game with the Timberwolves, Billups recorded 15 points, 2 rebounds and 5 assists in a 106–98 road win over the Houston Rockets."
] | Team Detroit won the competition with Billups hitting the final half-court shot. On July 11, 2007, Billups signed a $46 million, four-year contract with the Pistons (which includes a team option for a fifth year at $14 million). He had been an unrestricted free agent for several days after he opted out of the previous contract, which he had signed in 2002. |
What was Slavoj ideology | 2 | What was Slavoj Žižek's ideology? | Slavoj Žižek | [
"Myers, Tony, Slavoj Žižek (Routledge Critical Thinkers)London: Routledge, 2003. External links Slavoj Žižek on Big Think Slavoj Žižek Faculty Page at European Graduate School Žižek's entry in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Žižek bibliography at Lacanian Ink magazine Column archive at The Guardian Column archive at Jacobin Wendy Brown, Costas Douzinas, Stephen Frosh, and Zizek at the London Critical Theory Summer School – Friday Debate 2012 1949 births 20th-century atheists 20th-century non-fiction writers 20th-century Slovenian philosophers 20th-century Slovenian writers 21st-century atheists 21st-century non-fiction writers 21st-century Slovenian philosophers 21st-century Slovenian writers Academics of Birkbeck, University of London Analysands of Jacques-Alain Miller Anti-capitalists Anti-consumerists Aphorists Atheist philosophers Atheist theologians Atheist writers Continental philosophers Critical theorists Criticism of capitalism Critics of Islamism Critics of multiculturalism Critics of political economy Critics of postmodernism Critics of religions Cultural critics Death of God theologians Deleuze scholars Epistemologists European Graduate School faculty Film theorists Freudo-Marxism Hegelian philosophers Jacques Lacan Liberal Democracy of Slovenia politicians Living people Logicians Maoist theorists Marxist theorists Materialists Members of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists Opinion journalists University of Ljubljana faculty Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis alumni People involved in plagiarism controversies Philosophers of art Philosophers of culture Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of logic Philosophers of mind Philosophers of nihilism Philosophers of psychology Philosophers of religion Political philosophers Poststructuralists Slovenian anti-fascists Slovenian atheists Slovenian communists Slovenian ethicists Slovenian Marxist writers Slovenian Marxists Slovenian non-fiction writers Slovenian philosophers Slovenian psychoanalysts Slovenian socialists Slovenian sociologists Slovenian theologians Social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Theorists on Western civilization University of Ljubljana alumni Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization Writers about the Soviet Union Yugoslav dissidents",
"Slavoj Žižek ( ; ; born 21 March 1949) is a Slovenian philosopher, a researcher at the Department of Philosophy of the University of Ljubljana Faculty of Arts and international director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities of the University of London. He is also Global Eminent Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul, and a Global Distinguished Professor of German at New York University.",
"Žižek does not agree with critics who claim he believes in a historical necessity: There is no such thing as the Communist big Other, there's no historical necessity or teleology directing and guiding our actions. (In Slovene: \"Ni komunističnega velikega Drugega, nobene zgodovinske nujnosti ali teleologije, ki bi usmerjala in vodila naša dejanja\".)",
"In the first free elections in 1990, he ran as the Liberal Democratic Party's candidate for the former four-person collective presidency of Slovenia. Despite his activity in liberal democratic projects, Žižek has continued to identify himself as a communist, and has been critical of right-wing circles, such as nationalists, conservatives, and classical liberals both in Slovenia and worldwide.",
"(In Slovene: \"Ni komunističnega velikega Drugega, nobene zgodovinske nujnosti ali teleologije, ki bi usmerjala in vodila naša dejanja\".) In his book Living in the End Times, Žižek suggests that the criticism of his positions is itself ambiguous and multilateral: [...] I am attacked for being anti-Semitic and for spreading Zionist lies, for being a covert Slovene nationalist and unpatriotic traitor to my nation, for being a crypto-Stalinist defending terror and for spreading Bourgeois lies about Communism... so maybe, just maybe I am on the right path, the path of fidelity to freedom.\"",
"In 1989, Žižek published his first English-language text, entitled The Sublime Object of Ideology. In this book, he departed from traditional Marxist theory to develop a more analyzed materialist conception of ideology that drew heavily on Lacanian psychoanalysis and Hegelian idealism. His theoretical work became increasingly eclectic and political in the 1990s, dealing frequently in the critical analysis of disparate forms of popular culture and making him a popular figure of the academic left. A 2005 documentary film entitled Zizek! chronicled Žižek's work.",
"Despite his activity in liberal democratic projects, Žižek has continued to identify himself as a communist, and has been critical of right-wing circles, such as nationalists, conservatives, and classical liberals both in Slovenia and worldwide. He wrote that the convention center in which nationalist Slovene writers hold their conventions should be blown up, adding, \"Since we live in the time without any sense of irony, I must add I don't mean it literally.\"",
"Žižek frequented the circles of dissident intellectuals, including the Heideggerian philosophers Tine Hribar and Ivo Urbančič, and published articles in alternative magazines, such as Praxis, Tribuna and Problemi, which he also edited. In 1971 he accepted a job as an assistant researcher with the promise of tenure, but was dismissed after his Master's thesis was denounced by the authorities as being \"non-Marxist\".",
"His parents were atheists. His parents were atheists. He spent most of his childhood in the coastal town of Portorož, where he was exposed to Western film, theory and popular culture. When Slavoj was a teenager his family moved back to Ljubljana where he attended Bežigrad High School. Originally wanting to become a filmmaker himself, he abandoned these ambitions and chose to pursue philosophy instead. Education In 1967, during an era of liberalization in Titoist Yugoslavia, Žižek enrolled at the University of Ljubljana and studied philosophy and sociology.",
"Žižek is a series editor of the Northwestern University Press series Diaeresis that publishes works that \"deal not only with philosophy, but also will intervene at the levels of ideology critique, politics, and art theory\". Politics In the late 1980s, Žižek came to public attention as a columnist for the alternative youth magazine Mladina, which was critical of Tito's policies, Yugoslav politics, especially the militarization of society."
] | |
What rituals did he think it reflected | 3 | What socio-symbolic rituals did Slavoj Žižek think of? | Slavoj Žižek | [
"Myers, Tony, Slavoj Žižek (Routledge Critical Thinkers)London: Routledge, 2003. External links Slavoj Žižek on Big Think Slavoj Žižek Faculty Page at European Graduate School Žižek's entry in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Žižek bibliography at Lacanian Ink magazine Column archive at The Guardian Column archive at Jacobin Wendy Brown, Costas Douzinas, Stephen Frosh, and Zizek at the London Critical Theory Summer School – Friday Debate 2012 1949 births 20th-century atheists 20th-century non-fiction writers 20th-century Slovenian philosophers 20th-century Slovenian writers 21st-century atheists 21st-century non-fiction writers 21st-century Slovenian philosophers 21st-century Slovenian writers Academics of Birkbeck, University of London Analysands of Jacques-Alain Miller Anti-capitalists Anti-consumerists Aphorists Atheist philosophers Atheist theologians Atheist writers Continental philosophers Critical theorists Criticism of capitalism Critics of Islamism Critics of multiculturalism Critics of political economy Critics of postmodernism Critics of religions Cultural critics Death of God theologians Deleuze scholars Epistemologists European Graduate School faculty Film theorists Freudo-Marxism Hegelian philosophers Jacques Lacan Liberal Democracy of Slovenia politicians Living people Logicians Maoist theorists Marxist theorists Materialists Members of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists Opinion journalists University of Ljubljana faculty Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis alumni People involved in plagiarism controversies Philosophers of art Philosophers of culture Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of logic Philosophers of mind Philosophers of nihilism Philosophers of psychology Philosophers of religion Political philosophers Poststructuralists Slovenian anti-fascists Slovenian atheists Slovenian communists Slovenian ethicists Slovenian Marxist writers Slovenian Marxists Slovenian non-fiction writers Slovenian philosophers Slovenian psychoanalysts Slovenian socialists Slovenian sociologists Slovenian theologians Social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Theorists on Western civilization University of Ljubljana alumni Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization Writers about the Soviet Union Yugoslav dissidents",
"He combines the psychoanalysis of Lacan with Hegelian philosophy. He combines the psychoanalysis of Lacan with Hegelian philosophy. Biography Early life Žižek was born in Ljubljana, PR Slovenia, Yugoslavia, into a middle-class family. His father Jože Žižek was an economist and civil servant from the region of Prekmurje in eastern Slovenia. His mother Vesna, a native of the Gorizia Hills in the Slovenian Littoral, was an accountant in a state enterprise. His parents were atheists.",
"Žižek does not agree with critics who claim he believes in a historical necessity: There is no such thing as the Communist big Other, there's no historical necessity or teleology directing and guiding our actions. (In Slovene: \"Ni komunističnega velikega Drugega, nobene zgodovinske nujnosti ali teleologije, ki bi usmerjala in vodila naša dejanja\".)",
"Despite his activity in liberal democratic projects, Žižek has continued to identify himself as a communist, and has been critical of right-wing circles, such as nationalists, conservatives, and classical liberals both in Slovenia and worldwide. He wrote that the convention center in which nationalist Slovene writers hold their conventions should be blown up, adding, \"Since we live in the time without any sense of irony, I must add I don't mean it literally.\"",
"Slavoj Žižek ( ; ; born 21 March 1949) is a Slovenian philosopher, a researcher at the Department of Philosophy of the University of Ljubljana Faculty of Arts and international director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities of the University of London. He is also Global Eminent Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul, and a Global Distinguished Professor of German at New York University.",
"In 1989, Žižek published his first English-language text, entitled The Sublime Object of Ideology. In this book, he departed from traditional Marxist theory to develop a more analyzed materialist conception of ideology that drew heavily on Lacanian psychoanalysis and Hegelian idealism. His theoretical work became increasingly eclectic and political in the 1990s, dealing frequently in the critical analysis of disparate forms of popular culture and making him a popular figure of the academic left. A 2005 documentary film entitled Zizek! chronicled Žižek's work.",
"His parents were atheists. His parents were atheists. He spent most of his childhood in the coastal town of Portorož, where he was exposed to Western film, theory and popular culture. When Slavoj was a teenager his family moved back to Ljubljana where he attended Bežigrad High School. Originally wanting to become a filmmaker himself, he abandoned these ambitions and chose to pursue philosophy instead. Education In 1967, during an era of liberalization in Titoist Yugoslavia, Žižek enrolled at the University of Ljubljana and studied philosophy and sociology.",
"For example, Ernesto Laclau argued that \"Žižek uses class as a sort of deus ex machina to play the role of the good guy against the multicultural devils.\" The use of such analysis, however, is not systematic and draws on critical accounts of Stalinism and Maoism, as well as post-structuralism and Lacanian psychoanalysis. Žižek does not agree with critics who claim he believes in a historical necessity: There is no such thing as the Communist big Other, there's no historical necessity or teleology directing and guiding our actions.",
"Žižek has argued in many of his works that \"the Balkans is the unconscious of Europe\"; he discursively links the Balkans to global capitalism and multicultural democracy and thus circumvents Balkan exceptionalism, and represents the complex social and historical realities of the Balkans as the geopolitical analogue of the psychoanalytic Real. In stark contrast to the intellectual tenets of the European \"universalist Left\" in general, and those Jürgen Habermas defined as postnational in particular, according to Žižek pro-sovereignty and pro-independence processes opened in Europe are good.",
"I nonetheless deeply regret the incident.\" I nonetheless deeply regret the incident.\" Works Bibliography Filmography References Citations Works cited Canning, P. \"The Sublime Theorist of Slovenia: Peter Canning Interviews Slavoj Žižek\" in Artforum, Issue 31, March 1993, pp. 84–9. Sharpe, Matthew, Slavoj Žižek: A Little Piece of the Real, Hants: Ashgate, 2004. Parker, Ian, Slavoj Žižek: A Critical Introduction, London: Pluto Press, 2004."
] | Thought Ontology, ideology, and the Real Žižek argues against Karl Marx's concept of ideology as described in The German Ideology: false consciousness prevents people from seeing how things really are. Building upon Althusser, ideology is thoroughly unconscious and functions as a series of justifications and spontaneous socio-symbolic rituals which support virtual authorities. Žižek argues that the Real is not experienced as something which is ordered in a way that gives satisfactory meaning to all its parts in relation to one another. |
What is the anti-registration movement? | 1 | What is the anti-registration movement? | Human Torch | [
"Storm, with the ability to become a flaming human with the power of flight and the ability to project fire, dubs himself the Human Torch, in tribute to the World War II-era hero of that name. In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity.",
"Romance The Human Torch has been involved in several romantic relationships throughout the years, including, but not limited to, the Inhuman Crystal, member-in-training and future Galactus herald Frankie Raye, the Skrull agent Lyja disguised as Alicia Masters, the Atlantean Namorita, Inhuman Medusa, and X-Men member Rogue. Crystal dissolved her relationship with him due to the adverse effects of pollution within population centers of Homo sapiens. Frankie Raye ended her relationship with him when she accepted Galactus' offer to become his newest herald.",
"In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity. Though a member of a world-famous team, Storm still lived primarily in Glenville and attended Glenville High School.",
"Counter-Earth On Counter Earth, counterparts of the Fantastic Four hijack an experimental spaceship in order to be the first humans in space. Man-Beast negates the effects of the cosmic radiation for all of them except Reed Richards who succumbs to the effects a decade later. Johnny Storm's counterpart is revealed to have been killed by the cosmic radiation. What If? Vol. II #11 In What If? vol.",
"Johnny's body is covered with a microscopically thin film of transparent plates that make him impervious to flame. When he activates his powers, fat cells beneath his skin create clean nuclear fusion and jet out between the plates as plasma which then ignites on contact with air. Periodically, Johnny enters a hibernation where his old layer of skin peels off as ash while a new layer forms underneath.",
"When he is called upon to battle Otto von Doom, he kidnaps Doris and takes her with them, believing this is for her own good. Age of Apocalypse In the Age of Apocalypse, Johnny never becomes the Human Torch. Instead, he is among Reed Richards' crew, along with Ben Grimm as pilot and Johnny's sister Susan. Reed Richards attempts to evacuate a full contingent of refugees in his own experimental tran-ship, but a mutant saboteur interferes with the launch.",
"When he wakes up he informs Aunt May that he does not wish to return to the Baxter Building. Aunt May decides to let him live with her, Peter and Gwen (later also adding Bobby Drake to the household as well). As to not raise suspicion and to not reveal Peters' secret identity, Aunt May comes up with the idea of coloring Johnny's hair black and changing his name to Johnny Parker, Peter's cousin. She then enrolls him and Bobby at Midtown High along with Peter and Gwen.",
"His handprint is one of two — the other being his sister's — needed for launch. His rivalry with Ben Grimm now extends into much more dangerous areas, such as a potentially deadly game of 'chicken' without thought to the life of the woman in his passenger seat. After being attacked by agents of Doctor Doom, Johnny ends up going up into space on Reed's spacecraft prototype as he really had nowhere else to go. The entire launch base had been overtaken by enemy forces and it was miles to civilization."
] | During the 2006–2007 "Civil War" company-wide crossover, in which the superpowered community is split over the Superhuman Registration Act, which required them to register with, and become agents of, the US government, Storm and his sister allied with the underground rebels, the Secret Avengers. Shortly afterward, during the "Secret Invasion" company-wide crossover, the shape-shifting extraterrestrial Skrulls intensified their clandestine infiltration of Earth. Storm was briefly reunited with his former Skrull girlfriend, Lyja. |
What characters were Storm's allies? | 2 | What characters were Storm's allies? | Human Torch | [
"In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity. Though a member of a world-famous team, Storm still lived primarily in Glenville and attended Glenville High School.",
"Though a member of a world-famous team, Storm still lived primarily in Glenville and attended Glenville High School. Here he thought he maintained a secret identity, although his fellow townsfolk were well aware of his being a member of the Fantastic Four and simply humored him. This series introduced what would become the recurring Fantastic Four foes the Wizard and Paste-Pot Pete, later known as the Trapster.",
"During the 2006–2007 \"Civil War\" company-wide crossover, in which the superpowered community is split over the Superhuman Registration Act, which required them to register with, and become agents of, the US government, Storm and his sister allied with the underground rebels, the Secret Avengers. Shortly afterward, during the \"Secret Invasion\" company-wide crossover, the shape-shifting extraterrestrial Skrulls intensified their clandestine infiltration of Earth. Storm was briefly reunited with his former Skrull girlfriend, Lyja.",
"He then witnessed Lyja's apparent death and rescued the real Alicia from the Skrulls. Storm briefly joined his nephew Franklin Richards' Fantastic Force team, where he battled his otherdimensional counterpart, Vangaard (formerly Gaard). Lyja posed as student Laura Green and dated Storm to stay close to him; Storm recognized her when they kissed, though he did not reveal this to her until later.",
"This series introduced what would become the recurring Fantastic Four foes the Wizard and Paste-Pot Pete, later known as the Trapster. In Storm's home life, Mike Snow, a member of the high-school wrestling squad, bullied Storm until an accidental flare-up of the Torch's powers scarred Snow's face. Storm dated fellow student Dorrie Evans, although she eventually grew tired of his constant disappearances and broke off their relationship. College After graduating high school, Storm enrolled at New York City's Metro College.",
"For a time, Storm became the Herald of the powerful cosmic being Galactus, becoming the Invisible Boy after switching powers with his sister and teammate, Susan Richards, the Invisible Woman. During the 2006–2007 \"Civil War\" company-wide crossover, in which the superpowered community is split over the Superhuman Registration Act, which required them to register with, and become agents of, the US government, Storm and his sister allied with the underground rebels, the Secret Avengers.",
"Storm, with the ability to become a flaming human with the power of flight and the ability to project fire, dubs himself the Human Torch, in tribute to the World War II-era hero of that name. In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity.",
"Around this time, Storm met and fell in love with Crystal, a member of the superpowered race the Inhumans. After their relationship ended, Crystal returned to her native city of Attilan and eventually married the superhero Quicksilver, Storm, crushed, attempted to move on, finding that his high-school girlfriend, Dorrie Evans, had married and had two children. Storm dropped out of college but remained friends with Wingfoot, who often participated in the Fantastic Four's adventures.",
"College After graduating high school, Storm enrolled at New York City's Metro College. There he befriended his roommate Wyatt Wingfoot. He also met the original Human Torch of the 1930s and 1940s. Around this time, Storm met and fell in love with Crystal, a member of the superpowered race the Inhumans.",
"Over the Internet, Storm meets a young woman, Cole, whom he learns is the daughter of one of the Fantastic Four's oldest enemies, the Wizard; after a confrontation with that supervillain, who escaped with Cole, Storm remained hopeful of meeting her again. For a time, Storm became the Herald of the powerful cosmic being Galactus, becoming the Invisible Boy after switching powers with his sister and teammate, Susan Richards, the Invisible Woman."
] | After a major battle with the supervillain and dictator Doctor Doom, Fantastic Four leader Reed Richards attempted to claim Doom's Latveria for the Fantastic Four, an act that alienated the United States government and his own team. This led to team-member Ben Grimm's apparent death and the Fantastic Four's subsequent dispersal. Storm took to fixing cars for a living. Grimm later was revealed to be alive. |
Was Storm involved in any big battles or conflicts? | 5 | Was Storm involved in any big battles or conflicts? | Human Torch | [
"During the 2006–2007 \"Civil War\" company-wide crossover, in which the superpowered community is split over the Superhuman Registration Act, which required them to register with, and become agents of, the US government, Storm and his sister allied with the underground rebels, the Secret Avengers. Shortly afterward, during the \"Secret Invasion\" company-wide crossover, the shape-shifting extraterrestrial Skrulls intensified their clandestine infiltration of Earth. Storm was briefly reunited with his former Skrull girlfriend, Lyja.",
"In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity. Though a member of a world-famous team, Storm still lived primarily in Glenville and attended Glenville High School.",
"For a time, Storm became the Herald of the powerful cosmic being Galactus, becoming the Invisible Boy after switching powers with his sister and teammate, Susan Richards, the Invisible Woman. During the 2006–2007 \"Civil War\" company-wide crossover, in which the superpowered community is split over the Superhuman Registration Act, which required them to register with, and become agents of, the US government, Storm and his sister allied with the underground rebels, the Secret Avengers.",
"Though a member of a world-famous team, Storm still lived primarily in Glenville and attended Glenville High School. Here he thought he maintained a secret identity, although his fellow townsfolk were well aware of his being a member of the Fantastic Four and simply humored him. This series introduced what would become the recurring Fantastic Four foes the Wizard and Paste-Pot Pete, later known as the Trapster.",
"Storm, with the ability to become a flaming human with the power of flight and the ability to project fire, dubs himself the Human Torch, in tribute to the World War II-era hero of that name. In The Fantastic Four #4, it is Storm who discovers an amnesiac hobo whom he helps regain his memory as the antihero Namor the Sub-Mariner, one of the three most popular heroes of Marvel Comics' 1940s forerunner, Timely Comics, returning him to modern continuity.",
"College After graduating high school, Storm enrolled at New York City's Metro College. There he befriended his roommate Wyatt Wingfoot. He also met the original Human Torch of the 1930s and 1940s. Around this time, Storm met and fell in love with Crystal, a member of the superpowered race the Inhumans.",
"He then witnessed Lyja's apparent death and rescued the real Alicia from the Skrulls. Storm briefly joined his nephew Franklin Richards' Fantastic Force team, where he battled his otherdimensional counterpart, Vangaard (formerly Gaard). Lyja posed as student Laura Green and dated Storm to stay close to him; Storm recognized her when they kissed, though he did not reveal this to her until later.",
"He can also manipulate his flame in such a way as to shape it into rings and other forms, such as a fiery duplicate of himself that he can remotely control. Even when not engulfed in flame himself, Storm has the ability to control any fire within his immediate range of vision, causing it to increase or decrease in intensity or to move in a pattern directed by his thoughts. Additionally, he is able to absorb fire/plasma into his body with no detrimental effects.",
"Fictional character biography Early life Growing up in Glenville, New York, a fictional Long Island suburban town, Johnny Storm lost his mother due to a car accident from which his father, surgeon Franklin Storm, escaped unharmed. Franklin Storm spiraled into alcoholism and financial ruin, and was imprisoned after killing a loan shark in self-defense. Johnny Storm was then raised by his older sister, Sue Storm."
] | He later returned to the profession during a period when the Fantastic Four was short on cash. Frustrated with her brother's directionless life and near-disastrous pranksterism, his sister compelled him to become chief financial officer for the Fantastic Four, Inc. Infighting and betrayal resulted in a near-catastrophe, ending Storm's position. After a major battle with the supervillain and dictator Doctor Doom, Fantastic Four leader Reed Richards attempted to claim Doom's Latveria for the Fantastic Four, an act that alienated the United States government and his own team. |
Where was Emilie born? | 1 | Where was Emilie Autumn born? | Emilie Autumn | [
"Emilie Autumn Liddell (born September 22, 1979), better known by her stage name Emilie Autumn, is an American singer-songwriter, poet, author and violinist. Autumn's musical style is described by her as \"Fairy Pop\", \"Fantasy Rock\" or \"Victoriandustrial\". It is influenced by glam rock and from plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era.",
"Her mother worked as a seamstress, and she has said that her father was a German immigrant with whom she did not share a close relationship. While not musicians, her family enjoyed various genres of music. When Autumn was four years old, she started learning the violin, and later commented: \"I remember asking for a violin, but I don't remember knowing what one was. I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed.\"",
"The Devil's Carnival as June / The Painted Doll Notes References External links Emilie Autumn MetalBlast.net interview, April 17, 2012. Interview with Emilie Autumn 1979 births 21st-century American poets 21st-century American singers American contraltos American electronic musicians American feminists American harpsichordists American industrial musicians American people of German descent American rock violinists American women poets Dark cabaret musicians Women rock singers Feminist musicians Living people Metropolis Records artists Singers from California Singers from Chicago People with bipolar disorder American women in electronic music Writers from California Writers from Illinois 21st-century American women singers Electric violinists 21st-century violinists Women harpsichordists Steampunk music Women in punk",
"She also debuted with her poetry book Across the Sky & Other Poems in 2000, later re-released in 2005 as Your Sugar Sits Untouched with a music-accompanied audiobook. 2001–04: Enchant and collaborations As part of a recording project, Autumn traveled to Chicago, Illinois, in 2001, and decided to stay because she enjoyed the public transportation system and music scene there.",
"Autumn has bipolar disorder, which she has discussed in a number of interviews. Discography Studio albums Enchant (2003) Opheliac (2006) Fight Like a Girl (2012) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls: Behind the Musical (2018) Instrumental albums On a Day... (2000) Laced/Unlaced (2007) Concert tours The Asylum Tour - 2007 The Plague Tour - 2008 The Gate Tour - 2008-2009 The Key Tour - 2009 The Door Tour - 2011 The Fight Like a Girl Tour - 2011-2012 Bibliography Across the Sky & Other Poems (2000) Your Sugar Sits Untouched (2005) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls (2009) Filmography 11-11-11 as 11'er in Video (2011) Uncredited The Devil's Carnival (2012) as Painted Doll Alleluia!",
"Growing up in Malibu, California, Autumn began learning the violin at the age of four and left regular school five years later with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist; she practiced eight or nine hours a day and read a wide range of literature. Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer.",
"I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed.\" Four years later, Autumn made her musical debut as a solo violinist performing with an orchestra, and won a competition. At the age of nine or ten, she left regular school with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist.",
"Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer. Through her own independent label Traitor Records, Autumn debuted with her classical album On a Day: Music for Violin & Continuo, followed by the release in 2003 of her album Enchant. Autumn appeared in singer Courtney Love's backing band on her 2004 America's Sweetheart tour and returned to Europe.",
"On the night of the Enchant release party, Autumn learned that Courtney Love had invited her to record an album, America's Sweetheart, and embark on the tour to promote it. Contributing violin and vocals, Autumn appeared in Love's backing band The Chelsea— along with Radio Sloan, Dvin Kirakosian, Samantha Maloney, and Lisa Leveridge—on the 2004 tour."
] | The Devil's Carnival. The Devil's Carnival. Life and career 1979–2000: Beginnings Emilie Autumn was born in Los Angeles, California, on September 22, 1979. Autumn grew up in Malibu, California. She has stated that "being surrounded by nature and sea had a lot to do with [her] development as a 'free spirit.'" Her mother worked as a seamstress, and she has said that her father was a German immigrant with whom she did not share a close relationship. |
Who were her parents? | 2 | Who were Emilie Autumn's parents? | Emilie Autumn | [
"Emilie Autumn Liddell (born September 22, 1979), better known by her stage name Emilie Autumn, is an American singer-songwriter, poet, author and violinist. Autumn's musical style is described by her as \"Fairy Pop\", \"Fantasy Rock\" or \"Victoriandustrial\". It is influenced by glam rock and from plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era.",
"Autumn has bipolar disorder, which she has discussed in a number of interviews. Discography Studio albums Enchant (2003) Opheliac (2006) Fight Like a Girl (2012) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls: Behind the Musical (2018) Instrumental albums On a Day... (2000) Laced/Unlaced (2007) Concert tours The Asylum Tour - 2007 The Plague Tour - 2008 The Gate Tour - 2008-2009 The Key Tour - 2009 The Door Tour - 2011 The Fight Like a Girl Tour - 2011-2012 Bibliography Across the Sky & Other Poems (2000) Your Sugar Sits Untouched (2005) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls (2009) Filmography 11-11-11 as 11'er in Video (2011) Uncredited The Devil's Carnival (2012) as Painted Doll Alleluia!",
"The Devil's Carnival as June / The Painted Doll Notes References External links Emilie Autumn MetalBlast.net interview, April 17, 2012. Interview with Emilie Autumn 1979 births 21st-century American poets 21st-century American singers American contraltos American electronic musicians American feminists American harpsichordists American industrial musicians American people of German descent American rock violinists American women poets Dark cabaret musicians Women rock singers Feminist musicians Living people Metropolis Records artists Singers from California Singers from Chicago People with bipolar disorder American women in electronic music Writers from California Writers from Illinois 21st-century American women singers Electric violinists 21st-century violinists Women harpsichordists Steampunk music Women in punk",
"I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed.\" Four years later, Autumn made her musical debut as a solo violinist performing with an orchestra, and won a competition. At the age of nine or ten, she left regular school with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist.",
"On the night of the Enchant release party, Autumn learned that Courtney Love had invited her to record an album, America's Sweetheart, and embark on the tour to promote it. Contributing violin and vocals, Autumn appeared in Love's backing band The Chelsea— along with Radio Sloan, Dvin Kirakosian, Samantha Maloney, and Lisa Leveridge—on the 2004 tour.",
"She also debuted with her poetry book Across the Sky & Other Poems in 2000, later re-released in 2005 as Your Sugar Sits Untouched with a music-accompanied audiobook. 2001–04: Enchant and collaborations As part of a recording project, Autumn traveled to Chicago, Illinois, in 2001, and decided to stay because she enjoyed the public transportation system and music scene there.",
"Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer. Through her own independent label Traitor Records, Autumn debuted with her classical album On a Day: Music for Violin & Continuo, followed by the release in 2003 of her album Enchant. Autumn appeared in singer Courtney Love's backing band on her 2004 America's Sweetheart tour and returned to Europe.",
"The book combines Autumn's own real life journal entries, including those chronicling her time in a psych ward, and the diary of a fictional Victorian-era asylum inmate named \"Emily\". Autumn has said that the intent of the book was to show \"there’s very little difference from asylums for ladies in 1841 and the ones for us now,\" and that the subject of mental illness remains misunderstood."
] | Her mother worked as a seamstress, and she has said that her father was a German immigrant with whom she did not share a close relationship. While not musicians, her family enjoyed various genres of music. When Autumn was four years old, she started learning the violin, and later commented: "I remember asking for a violin, but I don't remember knowing what one was. I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed." |
What kind of schooling did she have? | 3 | What kind of schooling did Emilie Autumn have? | Emilie Autumn | [
"Her mother worked as a seamstress, and she has said that her father was a German immigrant with whom she did not share a close relationship. While not musicians, her family enjoyed various genres of music. When Autumn was four years old, she started learning the violin, and later commented: \"I remember asking for a violin, but I don't remember knowing what one was. I might have thought it was a kind of pony for all I know, but I don't remember being disappointed.\"",
"Growing up in Malibu, California, Autumn began learning the violin at the age of four and left regular school five years later with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist; she practiced eight or nine hours a day and read a wide range of literature. Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer.",
"Emilie Autumn Liddell (born September 22, 1979), better known by her stage name Emilie Autumn, is an American singer-songwriter, poet, author and violinist. Autumn's musical style is described by her as \"Fairy Pop\", \"Fantasy Rock\" or \"Victoriandustrial\". It is influenced by glam rock and from plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era.",
"Progressing to writing her own music, she studied under various teachers and went to Indiana University, which she left over issues regarding the relationship between classical music and the appearance of the performer. Through her own independent label Traitor Records, Autumn debuted with her classical album On a Day: Music for Violin & Continuo, followed by the release in 2003 of her album Enchant. Autumn appeared in singer Courtney Love's backing band on her 2004 America's Sweetheart tour and returned to Europe.",
"Autumn has bipolar disorder, which she has discussed in a number of interviews. Discography Studio albums Enchant (2003) Opheliac (2006) Fight Like a Girl (2012) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls: Behind the Musical (2018) Instrumental albums On a Day... (2000) Laced/Unlaced (2007) Concert tours The Asylum Tour - 2007 The Plague Tour - 2008 The Gate Tour - 2008-2009 The Key Tour - 2009 The Door Tour - 2011 The Fight Like a Girl Tour - 2011-2012 Bibliography Across the Sky & Other Poems (2000) Your Sugar Sits Untouched (2005) The Asylum for Wayward Victorian Girls (2009) Filmography 11-11-11 as 11'er in Video (2011) Uncredited The Devil's Carnival (2012) as Painted Doll Alleluia!",
"She began writing her own music and poetry at age thirteen or fourteen, though she never planned to sing any of her songs. She studied under various teachers and attended Indiana University in Bloomington, but left after two years there, because she disagreed with the prevailing views on individuality and classical music. She believed that neither the audience nor the original composer would be insulted by the clothing and appearance of the performer.",
"She practiced eight or nine hours a day, had lessons, read a wide range of literature, participated in orchestra practice, and was home-schooled. Growing up, she owned a large CD collection of \"violin concertos, symphonies, chamber music, opera, and a little jazz\". She began writing her own music and poetry at age thirteen or fourteen, though she never planned to sing any of her songs.",
"It is influenced by glam rock and from plays, novels, and history, particularly the Victorian era. Performing with her all-female backup dancers The Bloody Crumpets, Autumn incorporates elements of classical music, cabaret, electronica, and glam rock with theatrics, and burlesque. Growing up in Malibu, California, Autumn began learning the violin at the age of four and left regular school five years later with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist; she practiced eight or nine hours a day and read a wide range of literature."
] | At the age of nine or ten, she left regular school with the goal of becoming a world-class violinist. On her time at the school, she remarked, "I hated it anyway, what with the status as 'weird,' 'antisocial,' and the physical threats, there seemed to be no reason to go anymore, so I just didn't." She practiced eight or nine hours a day, had lessons, read a wide range of literature, participated in orchestra practice, and was home-schooled. |
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