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[ "As WWE owned the rights to the name Montel Vontavious Porter, but not MVP, Assad was able to continue working under the abbreviated ring name. In storyline MVP was brought in to the promotion by Nosawa Rongai, who wanted him to join the villainous Kojima-gun, led by Satoshi Kojima.", "New Japan Pro-Wrestling (2011–2013) In 2011, Assad signed a one-year contract with New Japan Pro-Wrestling, pursuing his noted passion for puroresu. TMZ reported that Assad's prior convictions had made it difficult for him to acquire a visa but that he would be debuting in February. As WWE owned the rights to the name Montel Vontavious Porter, but not MVP, Assad was able to continue working under the abbreviated ring name.", "World Wrestling Entertainment Deep South Wrestling (2005–2006) In 2005, after a number of live events and dark matches, Assad signed a developmental contract with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and was assigned to their developmental territory Deep South Wrestling. He originally wrestled under his \"Antonio Banks\" ring name, but then developed the Montel Vontavious Porter (MVP) in-ring persona: an arrogant, self-obsessed athlete. He was also on an episode of SmackDown!", "At TLC, he was present when Alexander and Benjamin won the Raw Tag Team Championship. In early 2021, MVP suffered a leg injury and began using a crutch to move around, taken him out of in-ring action. He was present when Bobby Lashley won the WWE Championship on the March 1 episode of Raw.", "They lost the match and the titles, and immediately afterwards, MVP invoked the rematch clause, but they lost that match as well. MVP then attacked Hardy, targeting his knee, which in storyline had been injured during the matches, and put him \"out of action\". Hardy suffered a legitimate ruptured appendix while he was off television, putting their feud on hold.", "He lost the title to Kofi Kingston on the June 1 episode of Raw, before beginning a feud with Jack Swagger, which culminated in a match at SummerSlam, which MVP won. He then formed a tag team with Mark Henry, and they challenged Jeri-Show (Chris Jericho and The Big Show) for the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship at the Breaking Point pay-per-view, but they failed to win the championship.", "Raw 2011, and will be returning to WWE video games for the first time in over 11 years as he is appearing in the upcoming WWE 2K22 game in March 2022. Filmography Championships and accomplishments All Pro Wrestling APW Universal Heavyweight Championship (1 time) The Baltimore Sun Most Improved Wrestler of the Year (2007) Big League Wrestling BLW World Heavyweight Championship (1 time) BLW Title Rumble Match (2018) CBS Sports Comeback Wrestler of the Year (2020) Coastal Championship Wrestling CCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time) DDT Pro-Wrestling Ironman Heavymetalweight Championship (1 time) Future of Wrestling FOW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Punisher Imperial Wrestling Revolution IWR Heavyweight Championship (1 time) IWR Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with D Money, Marce Lewis, Montego Seeka and Nytronis A'Teo New Japan Pro-Wrestling IWGP Intercontinental Championship (1 time, inaugural) IWGP Intercontinental Championship Tournament (2011) Pro Wrestling Illustrated Comeback of the Year (2020) Ranked No.", "When MVP was legitimately diagnosed with the heart condition Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, it was written into the storyline, with MVP blaming the condition for his losing an arm wrestling match against Hardy. When MVP was given an interview segment during SmackDown!, the VIP Lounge, it was used to bow out of a scheduled boxing match at Saturday Night's Main Event XXXV—with Evander Holyfield replacing him, and eventually punching out MVP during the bout.", "Hassan Hamin Assad (born Alvin Antonio Burke Jr.; October 28, 1973) is an American professional wrestler and manager currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name MVP (standing for Montel Vontavious Porter). He is best known for his time with WWE, and also known for his work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW)." ]

[ "Pete Townshend, who performed with the Who later in the same morning after Joplin finished, witnessed her performance and said the following in his 2012 memoir: \"She had been amazing at Monterey, but tonight she wasn't at her best, due, probably, to the long delay, and probably, too, to the amount of booze and heroin she'd consumed while she waited. But even Janis on an off-night was incredible.\" Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival.", "Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival. Starting at approximately 3:00 a.m. on Monday, August 18, Joplin was among many Woodstock performers who stood in a circle behind Crosby, Stills & Nash during their performance, which was the first time anyone at Woodstock ever had heard the group perform. This information was published by David Crosby in 1988.", "For part of this concert she was joined onstage by Johnny Winter and Paul Butterfield. Joplin told rock journalist David Dalton that Garden audiences watched and listened to \"every note [she sang] with 'Is she gonna make it?' in their eyes.\" In her interview with Dalton she added that she felt most comfortable performing at small, cheap venues in San Francisco that were associated with the counterculture.", "Janis Joplin (January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer-songwriter who sang rock, soul, and blues music. One of the most successful and widely known rock stars of her era, she was noted for her powerful mezzo-soprano vocals and \"electric\" stage presence. In 1967, Joplin rose to fame following an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company.", "In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival. In 1995, Joplin was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2005, she received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.", "In 1992, the first major biography of Joplin in two decades, Love, Janis, authored by her younger sister Laura Joplin, was published. In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival.", "I would love to play her in a movie.\" In a tribute performance on her Try This Tour, Pink called Joplin \"a woman who inspired me when everyone else ... didn't!\" Discography Janis Joplin recorded four albums in her four-year career. The first two albums were recorded with and credited to Big Brother and the Holding Company; the later two were recorded with different backing bands and released as solo albums. Posthumous releases have included previously unreleased studio and live material.", "Biographer Myra Friedman said she had witnessed a duet Joplin sang with Tina Turner during the Rolling Stones concert at the Garden on Thanksgiving Day. Friedman said Joplin was \"so drunk, so stoned, so out of control, that she could have been an institutionalized psychotic rent by mania.\" During another Garden concert where she had solo billing on December 19, some observers believed Joplin tried to incite the audience to riot. For part of this concert she was joined onstage by Johnny Winter and Paul Butterfield.", "Studio albums As lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Live albums Compilation albums Singles As lead of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Filmography Monterey Pop (1968) Petulia (1968) Janis Joplin Live in Frankfurt (1969) Janis (1974) Janis: The Way She Was (1974) Comin' Home (1988) Woodstock – The Lost Performances (1991) Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) (1994) Festival Express (2003) Nine Hundred Nights (2004) The Dick Cavett Show: Rock Icons (2005) Shout Factory Rockin' at the Red Dog: The Dawn of Psychedelic Rock (2005) This is Tom Jones (2007) 1969 appearance on TV show Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) 40th Anniversary Edition (2009) Janis Joplin with Big Brother: Ball and Chain (DVD) Charly (2009) Janis: Little Girl Blue (2015) Notes References Further reading – an encounter with Janis Joplin at the wheel. External links Janis Joplin at the Grammy Awards Janis Joplin on the Music-Map 1943 births 1970 deaths 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women singers American blues singers American child singers American mezzo-sopranos American women rock singers American women singer-songwriters American rhythm and blues singer-songwriters American rock songwriters American soul musicians Accidental deaths in California Big Brother and the Holding Company members Bisexual musicians Bisexual women Blues rock musicians Columbia Records artists Deaths by heroin overdose in California Drug-related deaths in California Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners LGBT people from Texas LGBT singers from the United States LGBT songwriters Lamar University alumni People from Beaumont, Texas People from Port Arthur, Texas Singer-songwriters from Texas University of Texas at Austin alumni 20th-century LGBT people" ]

[ "Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival. Starting at approximately 3:00 a.m. on Monday, August 18, Joplin was among many Woodstock performers who stood in a circle behind Crosby, Stills & Nash during their performance, which was the first time anyone at Woodstock ever had heard the group perform. This information was published by David Crosby in 1988.", "Pete Townshend, who performed with the Who later in the same morning after Joplin finished, witnessed her performance and said the following in his 2012 memoir: \"She had been amazing at Monterey, but tonight she wasn't at her best, due, probably, to the long delay, and probably, too, to the amount of booze and heroin she'd consumed while she waited. But even Janis on an off-night was incredible.\" Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival.", "For part of this concert she was joined onstage by Johnny Winter and Paul Butterfield. Joplin told rock journalist David Dalton that Garden audiences watched and listened to \"every note [she sang] with 'Is she gonna make it?' in their eyes.\" In her interview with Dalton she added that she felt most comfortable performing at small, cheap venues in San Francisco that were associated with the counterculture.", "In 1992, the first major biography of Joplin in two decades, Love, Janis, authored by her younger sister Laura Joplin, was published. In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival.", "Janis Joplin (January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer-songwriter who sang rock, soul, and blues music. One of the most successful and widely known rock stars of her era, she was noted for her powerful mezzo-soprano vocals and \"electric\" stage presence. In 1967, Joplin rose to fame following an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company.", "In 1967, Joplin rose to fame following an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company. After releasing two albums with the band, she left Big Brother to continue as a solo artist with her own backing groups, first the Kozmic Blues Band and then the Full Tilt Boogie Band. She appeared at the Woodstock festival and on the Festival Express train tour.", "As a teenager, Joplin befriended a group of outcasts, one of whom had albums by blues artists Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey, and Lead Belly, which Joplin later credited with influencing her decision to become a singer. She began singing blues and folk music with friends at Thomas Jefferson High School. In high school, she was a classmate of Pro Football Hall of Fame coach Jimmy Johnson. Joplin stated that she was ostracized and bullied in high school.", "I would love to play her in a movie.\" In a tribute performance on her Try This Tour, Pink called Joplin \"a woman who inspired me when everyone else ... didn't!\" Discography Janis Joplin recorded four albums in her four-year career. The first two albums were recorded with and credited to Big Brother and the Holding Company; the later two were recorded with different backing bands and released as solo albums. Posthumous releases have included previously unreleased studio and live material.", "In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival. In 1995, Joplin was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2005, she received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award." ]

[ "Pete Townshend, who performed with the Who later in the same morning after Joplin finished, witnessed her performance and said the following in his 2012 memoir: \"She had been amazing at Monterey, but tonight she wasn't at her best, due, probably, to the long delay, and probably, too, to the amount of booze and heroin she'd consumed while she waited. But even Janis on an off-night was incredible.\" Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival.", "reached number five on the Billboard 200 soon after its release. Joplin appeared at Woodstock starting at approximately 2:00 a.m., on Sunday, August 17, 1969. Joplin informed her band that they would be performing at the concert as if it were just another gig. On Saturday afternoon, when she and the band were flown by helicopter with the pregnant Joan Baez and Baez's mother from a nearby motel to the festival site and Joplin saw the enormous crowd, she instantly became extremely nervous and giddy.", "For part of this concert she was joined onstage by Johnny Winter and Paul Butterfield. Joplin told rock journalist David Dalton that Garden audiences watched and listened to \"every note [she sang] with 'Is she gonna make it?' in their eyes.\" In her interview with Dalton she added that she felt most comfortable performing at small, cheap venues in San Francisco that were associated with the counterculture.", "Janis Joplin (January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer-songwriter who sang rock, soul, and blues music. One of the most successful and widely known rock stars of her era, she was noted for her powerful mezzo-soprano vocals and \"electric\" stage presence. In 1967, Joplin rose to fame following an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company.", "In 1967, Joplin rose to fame following an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company. After releasing two albums with the band, she left Big Brother to continue as a solo artist with her own backing groups, first the Kozmic Blues Band and then the Full Tilt Boogie Band. She appeared at the Woodstock festival and on the Festival Express train tour.", "The documentary film of the festival that was released in theaters during 1970 includes, on the left side of a split screen, 37 seconds of footage of Joplin and Caserta walking toward Joplin's dressing room tent. In addition to Woodstock, Joplin also had problems at Madison Square Garden, in 1969. Biographer Myra Friedman said she had witnessed a duet Joplin sang with Tina Turner during the Rolling Stones concert at the Garden on Thanksgiving Day.", "Studio albums As lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Live albums Compilation albums Singles As lead of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Filmography Monterey Pop (1968) Petulia (1968) Janis Joplin Live in Frankfurt (1969) Janis (1974) Janis: The Way She Was (1974) Comin' Home (1988) Woodstock – The Lost Performances (1991) Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) (1994) Festival Express (2003) Nine Hundred Nights (2004) The Dick Cavett Show: Rock Icons (2005) Shout Factory Rockin' at the Red Dog: The Dawn of Psychedelic Rock (2005) This is Tom Jones (2007) 1969 appearance on TV show Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) 40th Anniversary Edition (2009) Janis Joplin with Big Brother: Ball and Chain (DVD) Charly (2009) Janis: Little Girl Blue (2015) Notes References Further reading – an encounter with Janis Joplin at the wheel. External links Janis Joplin at the Grammy Awards Janis Joplin on the Music-Map 1943 births 1970 deaths 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women singers American blues singers American child singers American mezzo-sopranos American women rock singers American women singer-songwriters American rhythm and blues singer-songwriters American rock songwriters American soul musicians Accidental deaths in California Big Brother and the Holding Company members Bisexual musicians Bisexual women Blues rock musicians Columbia Records artists Deaths by heroin overdose in California Drug-related deaths in California Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners LGBT people from Texas LGBT singers from the United States LGBT songwriters Lamar University alumni People from Beaumont, Texas People from Port Arthur, Texas Singer-songwriters from Texas University of Texas at Austin alumni 20th-century LGBT people", "In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival. In 1995, Joplin was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2005, she received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.", "In 1992, the first major biography of Joplin in two decades, Love, Janis, authored by her younger sister Laura Joplin, was published. In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival." ]

[ "Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival. Starting at approximately 3:00 a.m. on Monday, August 18, Joplin was among many Woodstock performers who stood in a circle behind Crosby, Stills & Nash during their performance, which was the first time anyone at Woodstock ever had heard the group perform. This information was published by David Crosby in 1988.", "The documentary film of the festival that was released in theaters during 1970 includes, on the left side of a split screen, 37 seconds of footage of Joplin and Caserta walking toward Joplin's dressing room tent. In addition to Woodstock, Joplin also had problems at Madison Square Garden, in 1969. Biographer Myra Friedman said she had witnessed a duet Joplin sang with Tina Turner during the Rolling Stones concert at the Garden on Thanksgiving Day.", "In 1992, the first major biography of Joplin in two decades, Love, Janis, authored by her younger sister Laura Joplin, was published. In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival.", "(This would later cause some people to attribute significance to the death of musicians at the age of 27, as celebrated in the \"27 Club.\") Music historian Tom Moon wrote that Joplin had \"a devastatingly original voice,\" music columnist Jon Pareles of The New York Times wrote that Joplin as an artist was \"overpowering and deeply vulnerable\" and author Megan Terry said that Joplin was the female version of Elvis Presley in her ability to captivate an audience.", "Pete Townshend, who performed with the Who later in the same morning after Joplin finished, witnessed her performance and said the following in his 2012 memoir: \"She had been amazing at Monterey, but tonight she wasn't at her best, due, probably, to the long delay, and probably, too, to the amount of booze and heroin she'd consumed while she waited. But even Janis on an off-night was incredible.\" Janis remained at Woodstock for the remainder of the festival.", "In an interview, Laura stated that Joplin enjoyed being on the Dick Cavett Show, that Joplin had difficulties with some, but not all, people at Thomas Jefferson High School and that Joplin enthusiastically talked about Woodstock with her parents and siblings during a visit to their Texas home a few weeks after she had performed at the festival. In 1995, Joplin was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2005, she received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.", "Studio albums As lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Live albums Compilation albums Singles As lead of Big Brother and the Holding Company As solo artist Filmography Monterey Pop (1968) Petulia (1968) Janis Joplin Live in Frankfurt (1969) Janis (1974) Janis: The Way She Was (1974) Comin' Home (1988) Woodstock – The Lost Performances (1991) Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) (1994) Festival Express (2003) Nine Hundred Nights (2004) The Dick Cavett Show: Rock Icons (2005) Shout Factory Rockin' at the Red Dog: The Dawn of Psychedelic Rock (2005) This is Tom Jones (2007) 1969 appearance on TV show Woodstock: 3 Days of Peace & Music (Director's Cut) 40th Anniversary Edition (2009) Janis Joplin with Big Brother: Ball and Chain (DVD) Charly (2009) Janis: Little Girl Blue (2015) Notes References Further reading – an encounter with Janis Joplin at the wheel. External links Janis Joplin at the Grammy Awards Janis Joplin on the Music-Map 1943 births 1970 deaths 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women singers American blues singers American child singers American mezzo-sopranos American women rock singers American women singer-songwriters American rhythm and blues singer-songwriters American rock songwriters American soul musicians Accidental deaths in California Big Brother and the Holding Company members Bisexual musicians Bisexual women Blues rock musicians Columbia Records artists Deaths by heroin overdose in California Drug-related deaths in California Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners LGBT people from Texas LGBT singers from the United States LGBT songwriters Lamar University alumni People from Beaumont, Texas People from Port Arthur, Texas Singer-songwriters from Texas University of Texas at Austin alumni 20th-century LGBT people", "reached number five on the Billboard 200 soon after its release. Joplin appeared at Woodstock starting at approximately 2:00 a.m., on Sunday, August 17, 1969. Joplin informed her band that they would be performing at the concert as if it were just another gig. On Saturday afternoon, when she and the band were flown by helicopter with the pregnant Joan Baez and Baez's mother from a nearby motel to the festival site and Joplin saw the enormous crowd, she instantly became extremely nervous and giddy.", "The ridicule and the humiliation that took place at that most delicate period in [Joplin's] early teens, her own inability to surmount the obstacles to regular growth, devastated her a great deal more than most people comprehended. Janis was not heir to an ego so cohesive as to permit her an identity one way or the other.", "Gleason wrote that the new band was a \"drag\" and Joplin should \"scrap\" her new band and \"go right back to being a member of Big Brother ... (if they'll have her).\" Other reviewers, such as reporter Carl Bernstein of the Washington Post, devoted entire articles to celebrating the singer's magic. Bernstein's review said that Joplin \"has finally assembled a group of first-rate musicians with whom she is totally at ease and whose abilities complement the incredible range of her voice.\"" ]

[ "Critics also balked at the lack of example or concrete vision of his social and political proposals. As one critic wrote, \"it is difficult to imagine what Unger's argument would mean in practice\", and that \"he does not tell us what to make.\" Others have suggested that the lack of imagination of such readers is precisely what is at stake. Books Knowledge and Politics, Free Press, 1975. Law In Modern Society: Toward a Criticism of Social Theory, Free Press, 1976.", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a Brazilian philosopher and politician. His work is in the tradition of classical social theory and pragmatism, and is developed across many fields including legal theory, philosophy and religion, social and political theory, progressive alternatives, and economics. In natural philosophy he is known for The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time. In social theory he is known for Politics: A Work in Constructive Social Theory.", "Unger's analysis of liberalism and the philosophical program he builds around rethinking the individual has also inspired new thinking and approaches to psychiatry. In 1987, the Northwestern University Law Review devoted an issue to Unger's work, analysing his three volume publication Politics: A Work In Constructive Social Theory. Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative.", "Throughout much of the 1980s, Unger worked on his magnum opus, Politics: A Work In Constructive Social Theory, a three volume work that assessed classical social theory and developed a political, social, and economic alternative. The series is based on the premise of society as an artifact, and rejects the necessity of certain institutional arrangements. Published in 1987, Politics was foremost a critique of contemporary social theory and politics; it developed a theory of structural and ideological change, and gave an alternative account of world history.", "Unger's ideas developed in a context where young intellectuals and radicals attempted to reconcile the conventional theories of society and law being taught in university classrooms with the reality of social protest and revolution of the 1960s and 70s. Disillusioned with Marxism, they turned to thinkers like Levi-Strauss, Gramsci, Habermas, and Foucault in attempt to situate understandings of law and society as a benign science of technocratic policy within a broader system of beliefs that legitimized the prevailing social order.", "The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. See also False necessity Formative context Negative capability Empowered democracy Structure and agency Passions References External links Roberto Unger's Harvard Homepage Links to Unger's works via his homepage An interview with Unger on the American Left Biographical articles about Roberto Unger Guggenheim Gives Fellowships for '76: Unger Gets Tenure, Too (The Harvard Crimson April 5, 1976) \"The Passion of Roberto Unger\" , Eyal Press, (Lingua Franca, March 1999) Carlos Castilho, \"Brazil's Consigliere: Unger Leaves Lectern to Stand Behind the Throne.\"", "Artur and Edyla met in the US during the exile of Octávio Mangabeira. Early life Roberto Mangabeira Unger was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1947, and spent his childhood on Manhattan's Upper East Side. He attended the private Allen-Stevenson School. When he was eleven, his father died and his mother moved the family back to Brazil. He attended a Jesuit school and went on to law school at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Unger was admitted to Harvard Law School in September 1969.", "Legal thought Unger's work on law has sought to denaturalize the concept of law and how it is represented through particular institutions. He begins by inquiring into why modern societies have legal systems with distinctions between institutions, such as legislature and court, as well as a special caste of lawyers possessing a method of reasoning about social problems.", "feudalism to capitalism, it then built an anti-necessitarian theory of social change, theorizing the transition from one set of institutional arrangements to another. Unger devoted much of the following decades to further elaborating on the insights developed in Politics by working out the political and social alternatives. What Should Legal Analysis Become? (Verso, 1996) developed tools to reimagine the organization of social life. Democracy Realized: The Progressive Alternative (Verso, 1998) and What Should the Left Propose?", "Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative. Early reviewers of Politics questioned Unger's seeming predicament of criticizing a system of thought and its historical tradition without subjecting himself to the same critical gaze." ]

[ "Artur and Edyla met in the US during the exile of Octávio Mangabeira. Early life Roberto Mangabeira Unger was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1947, and spent his childhood on Manhattan's Upper East Side. He attended the private Allen-Stevenson School. When he was eleven, his father died and his mother moved the family back to Brazil. He attended a Jesuit school and went on to law school at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Unger was admitted to Harvard Law School in September 1969.", "Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a Brazilian philosopher and politician. His work is in the tradition of classical social theory and pragmatism, and is developed across many fields including legal theory, philosophy and religion, social and political theory, progressive alternatives, and economics. In natural philosophy he is known for The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time. In social theory he is known for Politics: A Work in Constructive Social Theory.", "(World Paper, April 2000) Simon Romero, \"Destination: São Paulo\" (Metropolis, October 2000) This article is about São Paulo, Brazil, but it has a lengthy discussion of Unger's political activism there and many quotes from Unger. Meltzer Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences (HLS News May 13, 2004) (First of the Month, July 1, 2012) 1947 births 20th-century Brazilian male writers 20th-century Brazilian philosophers 20th-century economists 20th-century essayists 21st-century Brazilian male writers 21st-century economists 21st-century essayists 21st-century philosophers Analytic philosophers Anti-poverty advocates Brazilian activists Brazilian essayists Brazilian expatriate academics in the United States Brazilian people of German descent Brazilian social scientists Critical legal studies Cultural critics Epistemologists Ethicists Futurologists Government ministers of Brazil Harvard Law School alumni Harvard Law School faculty Living people Metaphilosophers Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Philosophers of culture Philosophers of economics Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of law Philosophers of mathematics Philosophers of religion Philosophers of science Philosophers of social science Philosophers of technology Philosophy of life Philosophy of time Philosophy writers Political philosophers Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts Pragmatists Brazilian social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Social theories Theorists on Western civilization Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization", "Unger served in the administration for two years. Unger served in the administration for two years. On 26 June 2009, President Lula announced Unger would be leaving the government and returning to Harvard University. He later cited personal and political reasons for his early departure. Engagement outside Brazil Unger's attempts to develop global social, political, and economic alternatives have led him in episodic engagements in national debates around the world.", "Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative. Early reviewers of Politics questioned Unger's seeming predicament of criticizing a system of thought and its historical tradition without subjecting himself to the same critical gaze.", "He served as the Minister of Strategic Affairs in the second Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva administration and in the second Dilma administration. Biography Family Unger's maternal grandfather was Octávio Mangabeira, who served as Brazil's minister of foreign affairs in the late 1920s before the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas subjected him to a series of imprisonments and exiles in Europe and the United States. After returning to Brazil in 1945, he co-founded a center-left party.", "Sectorally, Unger revamped the educational structure and rewrote labor laws. In education, he implemented a model of secondary education, where analytical problem-solving education was paired with technical education that focused on conceptual capabilities rather than job-specific skills. There are several hundred of these institutions today.", "The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. See also False necessity Formative context Negative capability Empowered democracy Structure and agency Passions References External links Roberto Unger's Harvard Homepage Links to Unger's works via his homepage An interview with Unger on the American Left Biographical articles about Roberto Unger Guggenheim Gives Fellowships for '76: Unger Gets Tenure, Too (The Harvard Crimson April 5, 1976) \"The Passion of Roberto Unger\" , Eyal Press, (Lingua Franca, March 1999) Carlos Castilho, \"Brazil's Consigliere: Unger Leaves Lectern to Stand Behind the Throne.\"", "Unger's analysis of liberalism and the philosophical program he builds around rethinking the individual has also inspired new thinking and approaches to psychiatry. In 1987, the Northwestern University Law Review devoted an issue to Unger's work, analysing his three volume publication Politics: A Work In Constructive Social Theory. Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative.", "Recalling the experience, Unger says \"it was kind of absurd... I had no money, no staff, and I would go into these slums, alone, to hand out pamphlets, often to the local drug pushers.\" It is an experience that Unger cites as leading to his belief that the system and possibilities were much more open than he had previously imagined. Unger served as Brizola's campaign organizer and primary political adviser in his bids for the Brazilian Presidency in 1989 and 1994." ]

[ "Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a Brazilian philosopher and politician. His work is in the tradition of classical social theory and pragmatism, and is developed across many fields including legal theory, philosophy and religion, social and political theory, progressive alternatives, and economics. In natural philosophy he is known for The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time. In social theory he is known for Politics: A Work in Constructive Social Theory.", "(World Paper, April 2000) Simon Romero, \"Destination: São Paulo\" (Metropolis, October 2000) This article is about São Paulo, Brazil, but it has a lengthy discussion of Unger's political activism there and many quotes from Unger. Meltzer Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences (HLS News May 13, 2004) (First of the Month, July 1, 2012) 1947 births 20th-century Brazilian male writers 20th-century Brazilian philosophers 20th-century economists 20th-century essayists 21st-century Brazilian male writers 21st-century economists 21st-century essayists 21st-century philosophers Analytic philosophers Anti-poverty advocates Brazilian activists Brazilian essayists Brazilian expatriate academics in the United States Brazilian people of German descent Brazilian social scientists Critical legal studies Cultural critics Epistemologists Ethicists Futurologists Government ministers of Brazil Harvard Law School alumni Harvard Law School faculty Living people Metaphilosophers Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Philosophers of culture Philosophers of economics Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of law Philosophers of mathematics Philosophers of religion Philosophers of science Philosophers of social science Philosophers of technology Philosophy of life Philosophy of time Philosophy writers Political philosophers Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts Pragmatists Brazilian social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Social theories Theorists on Western civilization Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization", "Artur and Edyla met in the US during the exile of Octávio Mangabeira. Early life Roberto Mangabeira Unger was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1947, and spent his childhood on Manhattan's Upper East Side. He attended the private Allen-Stevenson School. When he was eleven, his father died and his mother moved the family back to Brazil. He attended a Jesuit school and went on to law school at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Unger was admitted to Harvard Law School in September 1969.", "As Minister of Strategic Affairs in the Lula administration Unger found President Lula's first term to be conservative and riddled with scandal. He wrote articles calling Lula's administration \"the most corrupt of Brazil's history\" and called for his impeachment. Despite the criticism, many advisers to Lula insisted that he should invite Unger to join his administration.", "In the article he makes a case for the need of contemporary economic thought to imitate classical political economy in which theories of exchange should be incorporated into theories of power and perception. The article articulates the problem of the American economy as one of the inability to realize democracy of production and community in the workplace.", "For Unger, the market, the state, and human social organization should not be set in predetermined institutional arrangements, but need to be left open to experimentation and revision according to what works for the project of individual and collective empowerment. Doing so, he holds, will enable human liberation. Unger has long been active in Brazilian opposition politics. He was one of the founding members of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party and drafted its manifesto.", "The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. See also False necessity Formative context Negative capability Empowered democracy Structure and agency Passions References External links Roberto Unger's Harvard Homepage Links to Unger's works via his homepage An interview with Unger on the American Left Biographical articles about Roberto Unger Guggenheim Gives Fellowships for '76: Unger Gets Tenure, Too (The Harvard Crimson April 5, 1976) \"The Passion of Roberto Unger\" , Eyal Press, (Lingua Franca, March 1999) Carlos Castilho, \"Brazil's Consigliere: Unger Leaves Lectern to Stand Behind the Throne.\"", "The emphasis is not on the protection of big business as the main sectors of the economy, but the highly mobile and innovative small firm. Unger links the development of such an economy to an education system that encourages creativity and empowers the mind, not one that he now sees geared for a reproduction of the family and to put the individual in service of the state.", "Early reviewers of Politics questioned Unger's seeming predicament of criticizing a system of thought and its historical tradition without subjecting himself to the same critical gaze. \"There is little acknowledgement that he himself is writing in a particular socio-historical context\", wrote one reviewer, and another asked, \"in what context Unger himself is situated and why that context itself is not offered up to the sledgehammer.\" Critics also balked at the lack of example or concrete vision of his social and political proposals.", "He pushes this idea further by calling not just for a restructuring of the relationship between the firm and state based on private property, but that it also has to be replaced with a new set of rights encompassing access to jobs, markets, and capital. Only as private rights are phased out can rights of decentralized decision making and market exchange be extended to workers. This needs to be accompanied by limits on the size of enterprise and how profits are used to control others' labor." ]

[ "Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a Brazilian philosopher and politician. His work is in the tradition of classical social theory and pragmatism, and is developed across many fields including legal theory, philosophy and religion, social and political theory, progressive alternatives, and economics. In natural philosophy he is known for The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time. In social theory he is known for Politics: A Work in Constructive Social Theory.", "Artur and Edyla met in the US during the exile of Octávio Mangabeira. Early life Roberto Mangabeira Unger was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1947, and spent his childhood on Manhattan's Upper East Side. He attended the private Allen-Stevenson School. When he was eleven, his father died and his mother moved the family back to Brazil. He attended a Jesuit school and went on to law school at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Unger was admitted to Harvard Law School in September 1969.", "Unger had written The Next Step: An Alternative to Neoliberalism with Gomes in 1996. At the national level in 2002, again in the second round of the election, Unger supported Lula who went on to defeat José Serra to win the Presidency. With the experience of supporting others who imploded politically, Unger discovered that, as he put it, he was committing \"the classic mistake of the philosophers in politics, which is to try to find someone else to do the work.\"", "The second key project is transforming education from rote learning to creative thinking and engagement. He helped open the School Teixeira in Porto Velho. Another ongoing project is the construction of a new educational center in accordance with his theory of pedagogical reform, where delinquents would be reintegrated into municipal life. Circumstance and influence Unger's philosophical work grapples with some of the most fundamental and enduring problems of human existence.", "(World Paper, April 2000) Simon Romero, \"Destination: São Paulo\" (Metropolis, October 2000) This article is about São Paulo, Brazil, but it has a lengthy discussion of Unger's political activism there and many quotes from Unger. Meltzer Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences (HLS News May 13, 2004) (First of the Month, July 1, 2012) 1947 births 20th-century Brazilian male writers 20th-century Brazilian philosophers 20th-century economists 20th-century essayists 21st-century Brazilian male writers 21st-century economists 21st-century essayists 21st-century philosophers Analytic philosophers Anti-poverty advocates Brazilian activists Brazilian essayists Brazilian expatriate academics in the United States Brazilian people of German descent Brazilian social scientists Critical legal studies Cultural critics Epistemologists Ethicists Futurologists Government ministers of Brazil Harvard Law School alumni Harvard Law School faculty Living people Metaphilosophers Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Philosophers of culture Philosophers of economics Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of law Philosophers of mathematics Philosophers of religion Philosophers of science Philosophers of social science Philosophers of technology Philosophy of life Philosophy of time Philosophy writers Political philosophers Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts Pragmatists Brazilian social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Social theories Theorists on Western civilization Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization", "He served as the Minister of Strategic Affairs in the second Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva administration and in the second Dilma administration. Biography Family Unger's maternal grandfather was Octávio Mangabeira, who served as Brazil's minister of foreign affairs in the late 1920s before the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas subjected him to a series of imprisonments and exiles in Europe and the United States. After returning to Brazil in 1945, he co-founded a center-left party.", "Unger's analysis of liberalism and the philosophical program he builds around rethinking the individual has also inspired new thinking and approaches to psychiatry. In 1987, the Northwestern University Law Review devoted an issue to Unger's work, analysing his three volume publication Politics: A Work In Constructive Social Theory. Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative.", "Michael J. Perry, a professor of law at Northwestern University, praises Unger for producing a vast work of social theory that combines law, history, politics, and philosophy within a single narrative. Early reviewers of Politics questioned Unger's seeming predicament of criticizing a system of thought and its historical tradition without subjecting himself to the same critical gaze.", "With the experience of supporting others who imploded politically, Unger discovered that, as he put it, he was committing \"the classic mistake of the philosophers in politics, which is to try to find someone else to do the work.\" In 2000, he ran in the primaries for the mayor of Sao Paulo, but the PPS party leader suspended the primaries when it became clear that Unger would win the nomination and challenge party control." ]

[ "Roberto Mangabeira Unger (; born 24 March 1947) is a Brazilian philosopher and politician. His work is in the tradition of classical social theory and pragmatism, and is developed across many fields including legal theory, philosophy and religion, social and political theory, progressive alternatives, and economics. In natural philosophy he is known for The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time. In social theory he is known for Politics: A Work in Constructive Social Theory.", "Artur and Edyla met in the US during the exile of Octávio Mangabeira. Early life Roberto Mangabeira Unger was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1947, and spent his childhood on Manhattan's Upper East Side. He attended the private Allen-Stevenson School. When he was eleven, his father died and his mother moved the family back to Brazil. He attended a Jesuit school and went on to law school at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Unger was admitted to Harvard Law School in September 1969.", "He served as the Minister of Strategic Affairs in the second Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva administration and in the second Dilma administration. Biography Family Unger's maternal grandfather was Octávio Mangabeira, who served as Brazil's minister of foreign affairs in the late 1920s before the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas subjected him to a series of imprisonments and exiles in Europe and the United States. After returning to Brazil in 1945, he co-founded a center-left party.", "(World Paper, April 2000) Simon Romero, \"Destination: São Paulo\" (Metropolis, October 2000) This article is about São Paulo, Brazil, but it has a lengthy discussion of Unger's political activism there and many quotes from Unger. Meltzer Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences (HLS News May 13, 2004) (First of the Month, July 1, 2012) 1947 births 20th-century Brazilian male writers 20th-century Brazilian philosophers 20th-century economists 20th-century essayists 21st-century Brazilian male writers 21st-century economists 21st-century essayists 21st-century philosophers Analytic philosophers Anti-poverty advocates Brazilian activists Brazilian essayists Brazilian expatriate academics in the United States Brazilian people of German descent Brazilian social scientists Critical legal studies Cultural critics Epistemologists Ethicists Futurologists Government ministers of Brazil Harvard Law School alumni Harvard Law School faculty Living people Metaphilosophers Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Ontologists People from Rio de Janeiro (city) Philosophers of culture Philosophers of economics Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of law Philosophers of mathematics Philosophers of religion Philosophers of science Philosophers of social science Philosophers of technology Philosophy of life Philosophy of time Philosophy writers Political philosophers Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts Pragmatists Brazilian social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Social theories Theorists on Western civilization Writers about activism and social change Writers about globalization", "The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. The Knowledge Economy, Verso, 2019. See also False necessity Formative context Negative capability Empowered democracy Structure and agency Passions References External links Roberto Unger's Harvard Homepage Links to Unger's works via his homepage An interview with Unger on the American Left Biographical articles about Roberto Unger Guggenheim Gives Fellowships for '76: Unger Gets Tenure, Too (The Harvard Crimson April 5, 1976) \"The Passion of Roberto Unger\" , Eyal Press, (Lingua Franca, March 1999) Carlos Castilho, \"Brazil's Consigliere: Unger Leaves Lectern to Stand Behind the Throne.\"", "He was the Secretary for Strategic Affairs in the Lula administration from 2007–09, and is currently working on a number of social and developmental projects in the state of Rondônia. Driving Unger's political engagement is the idea that society can be made and remade. Unlike Mill or Marx, who posited a particular class as the agent of history, Unger does not see a single vehicle for transformative politics.", "Unger served in the administration for two years. Unger served in the administration for two years. On 26 June 2009, President Lula announced Unger would be leaving the government and returning to Harvard University. He later cited personal and political reasons for his early departure. Engagement outside Brazil Unger's attempts to develop global social, political, and economic alternatives have led him in episodic engagements in national debates around the world.", "When the military regime dissolved the two-party system and established a multi-party system later that year, Unger worked to unite progressive liberals and the independent, non-communist left into the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB). As a co-founder of the party, he authored its first manifesto. Unger left the party after the rise of a conservative faction, which was a part of the MDB but had been excluded from the initial formation of the PMDB.", "See also False necessity Formative context Negative capability Empowered democracy Structure and agency Passions References External links Roberto Unger's Harvard Homepage Links to Unger's works via his homepage An interview with Unger on the American Left Biographical articles about Roberto Unger Guggenheim Gives Fellowships for '76: Unger Gets Tenure, Too (The Harvard Crimson April 5, 1976) \"The Passion of Roberto Unger\" , Eyal Press, (Lingua Franca, March 1999) Carlos Castilho, \"Brazil's Consigliere: Unger Leaves Lectern to Stand Behind the Throne.\" (World Paper, April 2000) Simon Romero, \"Destination: São Paulo\" (Metropolis, October 2000) This article is about São Paulo, Brazil, but it has a lengthy discussion of Unger's political activism there and many quotes from Unger.", "He aimed to use state powers and resources to allow the majority of poor workers to \"follow the path of the emergent vanguard\". He developed a series of sectoral and regional initiatives that would prefigure the model of development based on the broadening of economic and educational opportunity by democratizing the market economy and restructuring civil society. Sectorally, Unger revamped the educational structure and rewrote labor laws." ]

[ "Despite these events or because of them, Scott kept up his prodigious output. Between 1826 and 1832 he produced six novels, two short stories and two plays, eleven works or volumes of non-fiction, and a journal, along with several unfinished works.", "He became a baronet \"of Abbotsford in the County of Roxburgh\", Scotland, on 22 April 1820; the title became extinct on his son's death in 1847. Early life Walter Scott was born on 15 August 1771, in a third-floor apartment on College Wynd in the Old Town, Edinburgh, a narrow alleyway leading from the Cowgate to the gates of the University of Edinburgh (Old College).", "1962]) and David Daiches (Scott's Achievement as a Novelist [1951]) offered a Marxian political reading of Scott's fiction that generated a great deal of genuine interest in his work. These were followed in 1966 by a major thematic analysis covering most of the novels by Francis R. Hart (Scott's Novels: The Plotting of Historic Survival).", "He continued this until his financial ruin in 1826, the novels mostly appearing as 'By the Author of Waverley' (or variants thereof) or as Tales of My Landlord. It is not clear why he chose to do this (no fewer than eleven reasons have been suggested), especially as it was a fairly open secret, but as he himself said, with Shylock, \"such was my humour.\" Scott was an almost exclusively historical novelist.", "Early life Walter Scott was born on 15 August 1771, in a third-floor apartment on College Wynd in the Old Town, Edinburgh, a narrow alleyway leading from the Cowgate to the gates of the University of Edinburgh (Old College). He was the ninth child (six having died in infancy) of Walter Scott (1729–1799), a member of a cadet branch of the Clan Scott and a Writer to the Signet, by his wife Anne Rutherford, a sister of Daniel Rutherford and a descendant of both the Clan Swinton and the Haliburton family (the descent from which granted Walter's family the hereditary right of burial in Dryburgh Abbey).", "Abbotsford later gave its name to the Abbotsford Club, founded in 1834 in memory of Sir Walter Scott. Reputation Later assessment Although he continued to be extremely popular and widely read, both at home and abroad, Scott's critical reputation declined in the last half of the 19th century as serious writers turned from romanticism to realism, and Scott began to be regarded as an author suitable for children. This trend accelerated in the 20th century.", "Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 – 21 September 1832), was a Scottish historical novelist, poet, playwright and historian. Many of his works remain classics of European and Scottish literature, notably the novels Ivanhoe, Rob Roy, Waverley, Old Mortality, The Heart of Mid-Lothian and The Bride of Lammermoor, and the narrative poems The Lady of the Lake and Marmion. He had a major impact on European and American literature.", "Scott describes the event in his memoirs, where he whispers the answer to his friend Adam, who tells Burns; another version of the event appears in Literary Beginnings. When it was decided that he would become a lawyer, he returned to the university to study law, first taking classes in moral philosophy (under Dugald Stewart) and universal history (under Alexander Fraser Tytler) in 1789–1790.", "In his early married days Scott earned a decent living from his work as a lawyer, his salary as Sheriff-Depute, his wife's income, some revenue from his writing, and his share of his father's modest estate. After the younger Walter was born in 1801, the Scotts moved to a spacious three-storey house at 39 North Castle Street, which remained his Edinburgh base until 1826, when it was sold by the trustees appointed after his financial ruin.", "General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Walter Scott 1771 births 1832 deaths 18th-century Scottish poets 19th-century antiquarians 19th-century biographers 19th-century British judges 19th-century Scottish lawyers 19th-century Scottish novelists 19th-century Scottish poets Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom British literary editors British medievalists Calvinist and Reformed poets Walter Elders of the Church of Scotland Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Historians of Scotland Members of the Faculty of Advocates Members of the Royal Company of Archers People educated at Kelso High School, Scotland People educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh Writers from Edinburgh People of the Scottish Enlightenment Presidents of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Principal Clerks of Session and Justiciary Romantic poets Scott family of Abbotsford Scottish biographers Scottish diarists Scottish folklorists Scottish Freemasons Scottish historical novelists Scottish literary critics Scottish sheriffs Scottish people with disabilities Scottish publishers (people) Scottish song collectors Scottish translators Writers of Arthurian literature Writers of historical fiction set in the Middle Ages Writers of historical fiction set in the early modern period 19th-century British civil servants 19th-century Scottish historians Scottish folk-song collectors Weird fiction writers 18th-century diarists 19th-century diarists" ]

[ "He defined European terms as \"descriptive\" and Iroquois (and Native American) terms as \"classificatory\", terms that continue to be used as major divisions by anthropologists and ethnographers. Based on his research enabled by Parker, Morgan and Parker wrote and published The League of the Ho-dé-no-sau-nee or Iroquois (1851). Morgan dedicated the book to Parker (who was then 23) and \"our joint researches\". In subsequent publications of the book Parker's name was omitted.", "After Morgan was admitted to the tribe, he lost interest in the New Confederacy. The group retained its secrecy and initiation requirements, but they were being hotly disputed. When internal dissent began to impede the group's efficacy in 1847, Morgan stopped attending. For practical purposes it ceased to exist, but Morgan and Parker continued with a series of \"Iroquois Letters\" to the American Whig Review, edited by George Colton. The Seneca case dragged on.", "... \" These new Iroquois retained a literary frame of mind, but they intended to focus on \"the writing of a native American epic that would define national identity\". Encounter with the Iroquois On an 1844 business trip to the capital of Albany, Morgan started research on old Cayuga treaties in the state archives. The Seneca people were also studying old US-Native American treaties to support their land claims.", "Morgan referred to this event as cutting the knot. Morgan referred to this event as cutting the knot. In 1843 they named it the Grand Order of the Iroquois, followed by the New Confederacy of the Iroquois. They made the group a research organization to collect information on the Iroquois, whose historical territory for centuries had included central and upstate New York west of the Hudson and the Finger Lakes region. The men intended to resurrect the spirit of the Iroquois.", "In his initial New Gordius address Morgan had said: ... when the last tribe shall slumber in the grass, it is to be feared that the stain of blood will be found on the escutcheon of the American republic. This nation must shield their declining day ... In 1838 the Ogden Land Company began a campaign to defraud the remaining Iroquois in New York of their lands. By Iroquois law, only a unanimous vote of all the chiefs sitting in council could effect binding decisions relating to the tribe.", "The New Confederacy of the Iroquois After graduating in 1840, Morgan returned to Aurora to read the law with an established firm. In 1842 he was admitted to the bar in Rochester, where he went into partnership with a Union classmate, George F. Danforth, a future judge. They could find no clients, as the nation was in an economic depression, which had started with the Panic of 1837.", "They held mass meetings, circulated a general petition, and spoke to congressmen in Washington. The US Indian agent and ethnologist Henry Rowe Schoolcraft and other influential men became honorary members. In 1846 a general convention of the population of Genesee County, New York sent Morgan to Congress with a counter-offer. The Seneca were allowed to buy back some land at $20 per acre, at which time the Tonawanda Reservation was created. The previous treaty was thrown out.", "The Seneca case dragged on. The Seneca case dragged on. Finally in 1857 the Supreme Court of the United States affirmed that only the federal government could evict the Seneca from their land. As it declined to do that, the case was over. The Ogden Land Company collapsed. Marriage and family In 1851 Morgan summarized his investigation of Iroquois customs in his first book of note, League of the Iroquois, one of the founding works of ethnology. In it he compares systems of kinship.", "They met in the summer around campfires and paraded yearly through the town in costume. Morgan seemed infused with the spirit of the Iroquois. He said, \"We are now upon the very soil over which they exercised dominion ... Poetry still lingers around the scenery. ... \" These new Iroquois retained a literary frame of mind, but they intended to focus on \"the writing of a native American epic that would define national identity\".", "The previous treaty was thrown out. The previous treaty was thrown out. Returning home, Morgan was adopted into the Hawk Clan, Seneca Tribe, as the son of Jimmy Johnson on October 31, 1847, in part to honor his work with the Seneca on the reservation issues. They named him Tayadaowuhkuh, meaning \"bridging the gap\" (between the Iroquois and the European Americans). After Morgan was admitted to the tribe, he lost interest in the New Confederacy." ]

[ "On January 1, 1841, Morgan and some friends from Cayuga Academy formed a secret fraternal society which they called the Gordian Knot. As Morgan's earliest essays from that time had classical themes, the club may have been a kind of literary society, as was common then. In 1841 or 1842 the young men redefined the society, renaming it the Order of the Iroquois. Morgan referred to this event as cutting the knot.", "In subsequent publications of the book Parker's name was omitted. This work presented the complexity of Iroquois society in a path-breaking ethnography that was a model for future anthropologists, as Morgan presented the kinship system of the Iroquois with unprecedented nuance. Morgan expanded his research far beyond the Iroquois.", "With his help, Morgan studied the culture and the structure of Iroquois society. Morgan had noticed they used different terms than Europeans to designate individuals by their relationships within the extended family. He had the creative insight to recognize this was meaningful in terms of their social organization. He defined European terms as \"descriptive\" and Iroquois (and Native American) terms as \"classificatory\", terms that continue to be used as major divisions by anthropologists and ethnographers.", "A complete list, as far as was known, is given by Lloyd in the 1922 revised edition (posthumous) of The League ... . Specifically omitted are 14 \"Letters on the Iroquois\" read before the New Confederacy, 1844–1846, and published in The American Review in 1847 under another pen name, Skenandoah; 31 papers read before The Club, 1854–1880; and various book reviews published in The Nation. See also Cultural evolution Sociocultural evolution Ethnology Unilineal evolution Origins of society List of important publications in anthropology References Bibliography . .", "Particularly aspects where land was not treated as a commodity, communal ownership and near non-existent rates of crime. Eponymous honors Annual lecture in Morgan's name at the Anthropology Department of the University of Rochester.", "The Seneca people were also studying old US-Native American treaties to support their land claims. After the Revolutionary War, the United States had forced the four Iroquois tribes allied with the British to cede their lands and migrate to Canada. By specific treaties, the US set aside small reservations in New York for their own allies, the Onondaga and Seneca. In the 1840s, long after the war, the Ogden Land Company, a real estate venture, laid claim to the Seneca Tonawanda Reservation on the basis of a fraudulent treaty.", "... \" These new Iroquois retained a literary frame of mind, but they intended to focus on \"the writing of a native American epic that would define national identity\". Encounter with the Iroquois On an 1844 business trip to the capital of Albany, Morgan started research on old Cayuga treaties in the state archives. The Seneca people were also studying old US-Native American treaties to support their land claims.", "They met in the summer around campfires and paraded yearly through the town in costume. Morgan seemed infused with the spirit of the Iroquois. He said, \"We are now upon the very soil over which they exercised dominion ... Poetry still lingers around the scenery. ... \" These new Iroquois retained a literary frame of mind, but they intended to focus on \"the writing of a native American epic that would define national identity\".", "The Seneca case dragged on. The Seneca case dragged on. Finally in 1857 the Supreme Court of the United States affirmed that only the federal government could evict the Seneca from their land. As it declined to do that, the case was over. The Ogden Land Company collapsed. Marriage and family In 1851 Morgan summarized his investigation of Iroquois customs in his first book of note, League of the Iroquois, one of the founding works of ethnology. In it he compares systems of kinship." ]

[ "The delegation, led by Jimmy Johnson, its chief officer (and son of chief Red Jacket), were essentially former officers of what was left of the Iroquois Confederacy. Johnson's 16-year-old grandson Ha-sa-ne-an-da (Ely Parker) accompanied them as their interpreter, as he had attended a mission school and was bilingual. By chance Morgan and the young Parker encountered each other in an Albany book store. Soon intrigued by Morgan's talk of the New Confederacy, Parker invited the older man to interview Johnson and meet the delegation.", "In his initial New Gordius address Morgan had said: ... when the last tribe shall slumber in the grass, it is to be feared that the stain of blood will be found on the escutcheon of the American republic. This nation must shield their declining day ... In 1838 the Ogden Land Company began a campaign to defraud the remaining Iroquois in New York of their lands. By Iroquois law, only a unanimous vote of all the chiefs sitting in council could effect binding decisions relating to the tribe.", "The New Confederacy of the Iroquois After graduating in 1840, Morgan returned to Aurora to read the law with an established firm. In 1842 he was admitted to the bar in Rochester, where he went into partnership with a Union classmate, George F. Danforth, a future judge. They could find no clients, as the nation was in an economic depression, which had started with the Panic of 1837.", "After Morgan was admitted to the tribe, he lost interest in the New Confederacy. The group retained its secrecy and initiation requirements, but they were being hotly disputed. When internal dissent began to impede the group's efficacy in 1847, Morgan stopped attending. For practical purposes it ceased to exist, but Morgan and Parker continued with a series of \"Iroquois Letters\" to the American Whig Review, edited by George Colton. The Seneca case dragged on.", "Morgan was anti-slavery but opposed abolitionism on the grounds that slavery was protected by law. Before the war he assented to the possible division of the nation on the grounds of \"irreconcilable differences\", that is, slavery, between regions. Morgan began to change his mind when some of his friends who had gone out to watch the First Battle of Bull Run were captured and imprisoned by the Confederates for the duration.", "In the 1840s, long after the war, the Ogden Land Company, a real estate venture, laid claim to the Seneca Tonawanda Reservation on the basis of a fraudulent treaty. The Seneca sued and had representatives at the state capital pressing their case when Morgan was there. The delegation, led by Jimmy Johnson, its chief officer (and son of chief Red Jacket), were essentially former officers of what was left of the Iroquois Confederacy.", "The previous treaty was thrown out. The previous treaty was thrown out. Returning home, Morgan was adopted into the Hawk Clan, Seneca Tribe, as the son of Jimmy Johnson on October 31, 1847, in part to honor his work with the Seneca on the reservation issues. They named him Tayadaowuhkuh, meaning \"bridging the gap\" (between the Iroquois and the European Americans). After Morgan was admitted to the tribe, he lost interest in the New Confederacy.", "The Morgans to which he refers played a critical part in the foundation of the colonies. During the American Revolutionary War, they were Continentals. Immediately after the war, the Connecticut line, along with many other land-hungry Yankees, migrated into New York State. Following the United States' victory against the British, the new government forced the latter's Iroquois allies to cede most of their traditional lands in New York and Pennsylvania to the US. New York made 5 million of acres available for public sale.", "Soon intrigued by Morgan's talk of the New Confederacy, Parker invited the older man to interview Johnson and meet the delegation. Morgan took pages of organizational notes, which he used to remodel the New Confederacy. Beyond such details of scholarship, Morgan and the Seneca men formed deep attachments of friendship. Morgan and his colleagues invited Parker to join the New Confederacy. They (chiefly Morgan) paid for the rest of Parker's education at the Cayuga Academy, along with his sister and a friend of hers." ]

[ "In 2010, Franklin canceled a number of concerts to have surgery for an undisclosed tumor. Discussing the surgery in 2011, she quoted her doctor as saying that it would \"add 15 to 20 years\" to her life. She denied that the ailment had anything to do with pancreatic cancer, as had been reported. Franklin added, \"'I don’t have to talk about my health with anybody other than my doctors... The problem has been resolved'\". Following the surgery, Franklin lost 85 lbs.", "Franklin died at her home on August 16, 2018, aged 76, without a will. The cause of death was a malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET), which is distinct from the most common form of pancreatic cancer. Numerous celebrities in the entertainment industry and politicians paid tribute to Franklin, including former U.S. President Barack Obama who said she \"helped define the American experience\". Civil rights activist and minister Al Sharpton called her a \"civil rights and humanitarian icon\".", "Franklin had to cancel plans to perform at Whitney Houston's memorial service on February 18, 2012, due to a leg spasm. Franklin was a Christian and was a registered Democrat.Resnikoff, Paul (November 25, 2016), \"Aretha Franklin Plays the Longest National Anthem In U.S. History\", Digital Music News. Health Franklin had weight issues for many years. In 1974, she lost on a crash diet and maintained her new weight until the end of the decade.", "Further concert cancellations in the summer and fall followed. Further concert cancellations in the summer and fall followed. During a phone interview with the Associated Press in late August 2013, Franklin stated that she had had a \"miraculous\" recovery from her undisclosed illness but had to cancel shows and appearances until her health was at 100%, estimating she was about \"85% healed\". Franklin later returned to live performing, including a 2013 Christmas concert at Detroit's MotorCity Casino Hotel.", "Following the surgery, Franklin lost 85 lbs. Following the surgery, Franklin lost 85 lbs. ; however, she denied that she had undergone weight-loss surgery. On May 19, 2011, Franklin had her comeback show at the Chicago Theatre. In May 2013, Franklin canceled two performances because of an undisclosed medical treatment. Further concert cancellations in the summer and fall followed.", "His celebrity status led to his home being visited by various celebrities. Among the visitors were gospel musicians Clara Ward, James Cleveland, and early Caravans members Albertina Walker and Inez Andrews. Martin Luther King Jr., Jackie Wilson and Sam Cooke all became friends of C. L. Franklin, as well. Ward was romantically involved with Aretha's father from around 1949 to Ward's death in 1973, though Aretha \"preferred to view them strictly as friends\". Ward also served as a role model to the young Aretha.", "She then returned to the Detroit suburb of Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, to be close to her siblings and ailing father. Franklin maintained a residence there until her death. Following an incident in 1984, she cited a fear of flying that prevented her from traveling overseas; she performed only in North America afterwards. Franklin was the mother of four sons. She first became pregnant at the age of 12 and gave birth to her first child, named Clarence after her father, on January 28, 1955.", "Her songs \"Respect\" and \"(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman\" became anthems of these movements for social change. Franklin and several other American icons declined to take part in performing at President Donald Trump's 2017 inauguration as a large-scale act of musical protest. Franklin was also a strong supporter of Native American rights. She quietly and without fanfare supported Indigenous Peoples' struggles worldwide, and numerous movements that supported Native American and First Nation cultural rights.", "During this time, Aretha learned how to play piano by ear. She also attended public school in Detroit, going through her freshman year at Northern High School, but dropping out during her sophomore year. Aretha's father's emotionally driven sermons resulted in his being known as the man with the \"million-dollar voice\". He earned thousands of dollars for sermons in various churches across the country. His celebrity status led to his home being visited by various celebrities." ]

[ "Among those who paid tribute to Aretha at the service were Ariana Grande, Bill Clinton, Rev. Al Sharpton, Louis Farrakhan, Faith Hill, Fantasia, The Clark Sisters, Ronald Isley, Angie Stone, Chaka Khan, Jennifer Holliday, Loretta Devine, Jennifer Hudson, Queen Latifah, Shirley Caesar, Stevie Wonder, Eric Holder, Gladys Knight, Cedric the Entertainer, Tyler Perry, Smokey Robinson, Yolanda Adams, and Rev. Dr. William Barber II. At Franklin's request she was eulogized by Rev.", "At that time, Barbara Franklin returned to Buffalo with Aretha's half-brother, Vaughn. After the separation, Aretha recalled seeing her mother in Buffalo during the summer, and Barbara Franklin frequently visited her children in Detroit. Aretha's mother died of a heart attack on March 7, 1952, before Aretha's 10th birthday. Several women, including Aretha's grandmother, Rachel, and Mahalia Jackson, took turns helping with the children at the Franklin home. During this time, Aretha learned how to play piano by ear.", "Aretha moved back to Detroit in late 1982 to assist with the care of her father, who died at Detroit's New Light Nursing Home on July 27, 1984. Franklin had a long friendship with Willie Wilkerson, a Vietnam War veteran and Detroit firefighter, who also helped in her work and cared for her when ill. In 2012 she announced plans to marry Wilkerson but the engagement was quickly called off.", "Franklin was performing at the Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas, on June 10, 1979, when her father, C. L., was shot twice at point-blank range in his Detroit home. After six months at Henry Ford Hospital while still in a coma, C. L. was moved back to his home with 24-hour nursing care. Aretha moved back to Detroit in late 1982 to assist with the care of her father, who died at Detroit's New Light Nursing Home on July 27, 1984.", "Some of these releases were from the acclaimed albums Spirit in the Dark and Young, Gifted and Black. In 1971, Franklin became the first R&B performer to headline Fillmore West, later that year releasing the live album Aretha Live at Fillmore West. In January 1972, she returned to Gospel music in a two-night, live-church recording, with the album Amazing Grace, in which she reinterpreted standards such as Mahalia Jackson's \"How I Got Over\".", "However, Franklin's family denounced the series, claiming to be uninvolved with the production process, despite the production team stating that the series had been endorsed by the Franklin estate. DiscographyStudio albums''' Filmography 1972: Black Rodeo (documentary) 1980: The Blues Brothers (as Mrs. Murphy) 1990: Listen Up: The Lives of Quincy Jones (documentary) 1998: Blues Brothers 2000 (as Mrs. Murphy) 2003: Tom Dowd & the Language of Music (documentary) 2012: The Zen of Bennett (documentary) 2013: Muscle Shoals (documentary) 2018: Amazing Grace (documentary) 2021: Genius (docudrama) 2021: Respect'' See also List of awards and nominations received by Aretha Franklin Citations General sources External links Aretha Franklin songwriter/composer catalog at Broadcast Music, Inc. Aretha Franklin Aretha Franklin at NPR Music 1942 births 2018 deaths 20th-century American pianists 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women singers 21st-century American composers 21st-century American singers 21st-century American women singers 20th-century Baptists 21st-century Baptists 21st-century women composers Activists for African-American civil rights African-American actresses African-American Christians African-American women singers African-American feminists African-American pianists African-American rock singers African-American songwriters American dance musicians American women pop singers American women rock singers American gospel singers American mezzo-sopranos American pop rock singers American rhythm and blues singers American soul singers American women pianists Arista Records artists Atlantic Records artists Ballad musicians Baptists from Michigan Baptists from Tennessee Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Detroit, Michigan) Checker Records artists Columbia Records artists Culture of Detroit Deaths from cancer in Michigan Deaths from pancreatic cancer Feminist musicians Grammy Legend Award winners Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners Kennedy Center honorees Michigan Democrats Musicians from Detroit Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee Northern High School (Detroit, Michigan) alumni Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Pulitzer Prize winners RCA Records artists Rhythm and blues pianists Singers from Detroit Songwriters from Michigan Songwriters from Tennessee Tennessee Democrats United States National Medal of Arts recipients", "In 2015, President Barack Obama wrote the following regarding Franklin:Nobody embodies more fully the connection between the African-American spiritual, the blues, R. & B., rock and roll—the way that hardship and sorrow were transformed into something full of beauty and vitality and hope. American history wells up when Aretha sings.", "\"Respect\" was Otis Redding's song but Aretha modified it with a \"supercharged interlude featuring the emphatic spelling-out of the song’s title\". Her frenetic version was released in April and reached number one on both the R&B and pop charts. \"Respect\" became her signature song and was later hailed as a civil rights and feminist anthem. Upon hearing her version, Otis Redding said admiringly: \"That little girl done took my song away from me.\"", "Following news of Franklin's surgery and recovery in February 2011, the Grammys ceremony paid tribute to the singer with a medley of her classics performed by Christina Aguilera, Florence Welch, Jennifer Hudson, Martina McBride, and Yolanda Adams. That same year she was ranked 19th among the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time top artists." ]

[ "History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones. Aside from Ness on guitar and Casey Royer on drums, early members included Mark Garrett on bass and former Cal State Fullerton basketball player Tom Corvin on vocals. Garrett was succeeded by Rikk Agnew.", "Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).", "They did eventually find their niche, and the majority of their albums from the mid-80s on to the early '90s are considered to be punk rock or rockabilly – a melodic punk sound that is distinctly – and distinctively – their own. Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones.", "Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice. The band began playing with fellow Orange County, California bands such as the Adolescents, China White, Shattered Faith and T.S.O.L. The music was fast, angry and energetic. All of Social Distortion's songs are written and sung by Mike Ness.", "Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones. Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice.", "Social Distortion is currently working on a new album, which is tentatively due for release in 2022 and will be their first full-length since 2011's Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes. History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones.", "The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards). Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years.", "Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s. They are thought to be one of the pioneering bands of the original Southern California punk rock movement out of Orange County, California, and their style closely associated with the Adolescents, Agent Orange, the Germs, and other bands from that place and time. In the mid-'80s there was a notable change in their style of music – taking more from country music and rock and roll.", "All of Social Distortion's songs are written and sung by Mike Ness. There is a common theme in most of his lyrics about \"impulsiveness, its consequences and the hard struggle to overcome\"." ]

[ "Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).", "History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones. Aside from Ness on guitar and Casey Royer on drums, early members included Mark Garrett on bass and former Cal State Fullerton basketball player Tom Corvin on vocals. Garrett was succeeded by Rikk Agnew.", "They did eventually find their niche, and the majority of their albums from the mid-80s on to the early '90s are considered to be punk rock or rockabilly – a melodic punk sound that is distinctly – and distinctively – their own. Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones.", "It just felt powerful.\" It just felt powerful.\" Musical style, influences, and impact Social Distortion has been described as primarily punk rock, cowpunk, hardcore punk, and melodic hardcore. The band also has been labeled as roots rock and pop-punk. Steve Peake of Liveabout.com wrote that Social Distortion was initially a hardcore punk band but then changed into a prominent early 1990s alternative rock band. Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s.", "Social Distortion is currently working on a new album, which is tentatively due for release in 2022 and will be their first full-length since 2011's Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes. History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones.", "The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards). Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years.", "Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s. They are thought to be one of the pioneering bands of the original Southern California punk rock movement out of Orange County, California, and their style closely associated with the Adolescents, Agent Orange, the Germs, and other bands from that place and time. In the mid-'80s there was a notable change in their style of music – taking more from country music and rock and roll.", "Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years. Following their reformation, the band has shifted its style to a country, blues and early rock and roll-influenced style of punk. Since its inception, the band's lineup has seen significant turnover, with Ness as the only constant member.", "Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones. Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice.", "Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice. The band began playing with fellow Orange County, California bands such as the Adolescents, China White, Shattered Faith and T.S.O.L. The music was fast, angry and energetic. All of Social Distortion's songs are written and sung by Mike Ness." ]

[ "Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).", "History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones. Aside from Ness on guitar and Casey Royer on drums, early members included Mark Garrett on bass and former Cal State Fullerton basketball player Tom Corvin on vocals. Garrett was succeeded by Rikk Agnew.", "Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones. Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice.", "They did eventually find their niche, and the majority of their albums from the mid-80s on to the early '90s are considered to be punk rock or rockabilly – a melodic punk sound that is distinctly – and distinctively – their own. Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones.", "Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice. The band began playing with fellow Orange County, California bands such as the Adolescents, China White, Shattered Faith and T.S.O.L. The music was fast, angry and energetic. All of Social Distortion's songs are written and sung by Mike Ness.", "Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years. Following their reformation, the band has shifted its style to a country, blues and early rock and roll-influenced style of punk. Since its inception, the band's lineup has seen significant turnover, with Ness as the only constant member.", "Social Distortion is currently working on a new album, which is tentatively due for release in 2022 and will be their first full-length since 2011's Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes. History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones.", "The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards). Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years.", "It just felt powerful.\" It just felt powerful.\" Musical style, influences, and impact Social Distortion has been described as primarily punk rock, cowpunk, hardcore punk, and melodic hardcore. The band also has been labeled as roots rock and pop-punk. Steve Peake of Liveabout.com wrote that Social Distortion was initially a hardcore punk band but then changed into a prominent early 1990s alternative rock band. Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s.", "Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s. They are thought to be one of the pioneering bands of the original Southern California punk rock movement out of Orange County, California, and their style closely associated with the Adolescents, Agent Orange, the Germs, and other bands from that place and time. In the mid-'80s there was a notable change in their style of music – taking more from country music and rock and roll." ]

[ "Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).", "History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones. Aside from Ness on guitar and Casey Royer on drums, early members included Mark Garrett on bass and former Cal State Fullerton basketball player Tom Corvin on vocals. Garrett was succeeded by Rikk Agnew.", "They did eventually find their niche, and the majority of their albums from the mid-80s on to the early '90s are considered to be punk rock or rockabilly – a melodic punk sound that is distinctly – and distinctively – their own. Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones.", "Social Distortion's music is influenced by bands and artists such as Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Bob Dylan, Eddie Cochran, the Rolling Stones, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, New York Dolls, Dead Boys, and the Ramones. Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice.", "Social Distortion is currently working on a new album, which is tentatively due for release in 2022 and will be their first full-length since 2011's Hard Times and Nursery Rhymes. History Early years (1978–1982) Social Distortion was formed in 1978 by Mike Ness, inspired by the Sex Pistols and many other British punk bands as well as rock acts such as the Rolling Stones.", "It just felt powerful.\" It just felt powerful.\" Musical style, influences, and impact Social Distortion has been described as primarily punk rock, cowpunk, hardcore punk, and melodic hardcore. The band also has been labeled as roots rock and pop-punk. Steve Peake of Liveabout.com wrote that Social Distortion was initially a hardcore punk band but then changed into a prominent early 1990s alternative rock band. Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s.", "Social Distortion have influenced bands such as Pennywise, Face to Face, Green Day, Rise Against, Blink-182, Pearl Jam, Rancid, the Offspring, Volbeat and Thrice. The band began playing with fellow Orange County, California bands such as the Adolescents, China White, Shattered Faith and T.S.O.L. The music was fast, angry and energetic. All of Social Distortion's songs are written and sung by Mike Ness.", "Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years. Following their reformation, the band has shifted its style to a country, blues and early rock and roll-influenced style of punk. Since its inception, the band's lineup has seen significant turnover, with Ness as the only constant member.", "The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards). Starting as a hardcore punk band in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, Social Distortion would go on a temporary hiatus in the mid-1980s, due to Ness's drug addiction and troubles with the law which resulted in extended stints in various rehabilitation centers that lasted for two years.", "Social Distortion's musical style began as decidedly hardcore punk when the band formed in the late 1970s. They are thought to be one of the pioneering bands of the original Southern California punk rock movement out of Orange County, California, and their style closely associated with the Adolescents, Agent Orange, the Germs, and other bands from that place and time. In the mid-'80s there was a notable change in their style of music – taking more from country music and rock and roll." ]

[ "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "They played the Dorset Steam Fair Show 2011 on 31 August 2011. At this point, both the UK and US versions of the band continued to tour frequently on either sides of the Atlantic. In mid-2012, The Beat released a box set, titled The Complete Beat, comprising their three albums along with non-album singles, remixes and live material. Additional bonus tracks were included on re-released, double-CD versions of each studio album. The English Beat recorded two new songs that feature prominently in the Scooby-Doo!", "(1981) and Special Beat Service (1982), and a string of singles, including \"Mirror in the Bathroom\", \"Save It for Later\", \"I Confess\", \"Too Nice to Talk To\", \"Can't Get Used to Losing You\", \"Hands Off...She's Mine\", and \"All Out to Get You\". Career 1978–1983 The Beat was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1978, during a period of high unemployment and social upheaval in the United Kingdom.", "In late 2013, the Beat with Ranking Roger released the live album, Live In London which featured a new song entitled \"How Do You Do (Side To Side)\" and also a song previously released solo by Ranking Roger, entitled \"Dangerous\", among many other songs. The Beat feat. Ranking Roger released Bounce, a studio album, on 30 September 2016, on CD, Vinyl and Digital on DMF Records.", "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "The resulting double-A side single, with \"Legacy\" on one side and \"Jump And Skank\" on the other, was released as a download, vinyl and CD single by United Sound Records/Proper. Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen?", "The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat). The Beat toured the world with well-known artists including David Bowie, the Clash, the Police, the Pretenders, R.E.M., the Specials and Talking Heads. Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials.", "21st century In 2003, the Beat's original line-up, minus Cox and Steele, played a sold-out one-off gig at the Royal Festival Hall. In 2004, the VH1 show Bands Reunited tried unsuccessfully to reunite the original line-up. In 2006, the UK version of the Beat, featuring Ranking Roger, recorded a new album that was mixed by Adrian Sherwood, but it remains unreleased. The band also featured Everett Morton and Mickey Billingham on keyboards, formerly a member of Dexys Midnight Runners and General Public.", "Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz. Drummer Everett Morton and Saxa formed the International Beat along with the Birmingham-based singer, Tony Beet, and the band released an album titled The Hitting Line on Blue Beat Records in 1990 (BBSLP 009)." ]

[ "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat). The Beat toured the world with well-known artists including David Bowie, the Clash, the Police, the Pretenders, R.E.M., the Specials and Talking Heads. Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials.", "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "Although the Beat's main fan base was in the UK, the band was also popular in Australia, partly due to exposure on the radio station Triple J and the TV show Countdown. The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat).", "Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen? (1981) Special Beat Service (1982) References Bibliography The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Third Edition (Fireside, 2001) The Beat: Twist and Crawl by Malu Halasa (Eel Pie, 1981) External links The English Beat official website (US) The Beat official website (UK) Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph interview with The Beat Songfacts interview with Dave Wakeling 2009 Dave Wakeling interview at Bullz-Eye.com British reggae musical groups Musical groups established in 1978 Musical groups disestablished in 1983 Musical groups reestablished in 2006 English new wave musical groups Second-wave ska groups English ska musical groups 1978 establishments in England Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands 2 Tone Records artists", "The resulting double-A side single, with \"Legacy\" on one side and \"Jump And Skank\" on the other, was released as a download, vinyl and CD single by United Sound Records/Proper. Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen?", "Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials. During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen?", "They played the Dorset Steam Fair Show 2011 on 31 August 2011. At this point, both the UK and US versions of the band continued to tour frequently on either sides of the Atlantic. In mid-2012, The Beat released a box set, titled The Complete Beat, comprising their three albums along with non-album singles, remixes and live material. Additional bonus tracks were included on re-released, double-CD versions of each studio album. The English Beat recorded two new songs that feature prominently in the Scooby-Doo!", "(1981) and Special Beat Service (1982), and a string of singles, including \"Mirror in the Bathroom\", \"Save It for Later\", \"I Confess\", \"Too Nice to Talk To\", \"Can't Get Used to Losing You\", \"Hands Off...She's Mine\", and \"All Out to Get You\". Career 1978–1983 The Beat was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1978, during a period of high unemployment and social upheaval in the United Kingdom.", "In late 2013, the Beat with Ranking Roger released the live album, Live In London which featured a new song entitled \"How Do You Do (Side To Side)\" and also a song previously released solo by Ranking Roger, entitled \"Dangerous\", among many other songs. The Beat feat. Ranking Roger released Bounce, a studio album, on 30 September 2016, on CD, Vinyl and Digital on DMF Records." ]

[ "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "(1981) and Special Beat Service (1982), and a string of singles, including \"Mirror in the Bathroom\", \"Save It for Later\", \"I Confess\", \"Too Nice to Talk To\", \"Can't Get Used to Losing You\", \"Hands Off...She's Mine\", and \"All Out to Get You\". Career 1978–1983 The Beat was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1978, during a period of high unemployment and social upheaval in the United Kingdom.", "The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat). The Beat toured the world with well-known artists including David Bowie, the Clash, the Police, the Pretenders, R.E.M., the Specials and Talking Heads. Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials.", "They played the Dorset Steam Fair Show 2011 on 31 August 2011. At this point, both the UK and US versions of the band continued to tour frequently on either sides of the Atlantic. In mid-2012, The Beat released a box set, titled The Complete Beat, comprising their three albums along with non-album singles, remixes and live material. Additional bonus tracks were included on re-released, double-CD versions of each studio album. The English Beat recorded two new songs that feature prominently in the Scooby-Doo!", "The resulting double-A side single, with \"Legacy\" on one side and \"Jump And Skank\" on the other, was released as a download, vinyl and CD single by United Sound Records/Proper. Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen?", "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "Although the Beat's main fan base was in the UK, the band was also popular in Australia, partly due to exposure on the radio station Triple J and the TV show Countdown. The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat).", "In late 2013, the Beat with Ranking Roger released the live album, Live In London which featured a new song entitled \"How Do You Do (Side To Side)\" and also a song previously released solo by Ranking Roger, entitled \"Dangerous\", among many other songs. The Beat feat. Ranking Roger released Bounce, a studio album, on 30 September 2016, on CD, Vinyl and Digital on DMF Records.", "Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen? (1981) Special Beat Service (1982) References Bibliography The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Third Edition (Fireside, 2001) The Beat: Twist and Crawl by Malu Halasa (Eel Pie, 1981) External links The English Beat official website (US) The Beat official website (UK) Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph interview with The Beat Songfacts interview with Dave Wakeling 2009 Dave Wakeling interview at Bullz-Eye.com British reggae musical groups Musical groups established in 1978 Musical groups disestablished in 1983 Musical groups reestablished in 2006 English new wave musical groups Second-wave ska groups English ska musical groups 1978 establishments in England Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands 2 Tone Records artists" ]

[ "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat). The Beat toured the world with well-known artists including David Bowie, the Clash, the Police, the Pretenders, R.E.M., the Specials and Talking Heads. Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials.", "Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials. During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen?", "Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen? (1981) Special Beat Service (1982) References Bibliography The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Third Edition (Fireside, 2001) The Beat: Twist and Crawl by Malu Halasa (Eel Pie, 1981) External links The English Beat official website (US) The Beat official website (UK) Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph interview with The Beat Songfacts interview with Dave Wakeling 2009 Dave Wakeling interview at Bullz-Eye.com British reggae musical groups Musical groups established in 1978 Musical groups disestablished in 1983 Musical groups reestablished in 2006 English new wave musical groups Second-wave ska groups English ska musical groups 1978 establishments in England Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands 2 Tone Records artists", "Although the Beat's main fan base was in the UK, the band was also popular in Australia, partly due to exposure on the radio station Triple J and the TV show Countdown. The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat).", "During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen? Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz.", "Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz. Drummer Everett Morton and Saxa formed the International Beat along with the Birmingham-based singer, Tony Beet, and the band released an album titled The Hitting Line on Blue Beat Records in 1990 (BBSLP 009).", "21st century In 2003, the Beat's original line-up, minus Cox and Steele, played a sold-out one-off gig at the Royal Festival Hall. In 2004, the VH1 show Bands Reunited tried unsuccessfully to reunite the original line-up. In 2006, the UK version of the Beat, featuring Ranking Roger, recorded a new album that was mixed by Adrian Sherwood, but it remains unreleased. The band also featured Everett Morton and Mickey Billingham on keyboards, formerly a member of Dexys Midnight Runners and General Public.", "The band also featured Everett Morton and Mickey Billingham on keyboards, formerly a member of Dexys Midnight Runners and General Public. Dave Wakeling fronts the US version of the group as the English Beat, which usually adds a couple of General Public songs to the setlist. The singer and his band flew over to the UK in April 2011, to perform at the London International Ska Festival at the Clapham Grand music venue. They played the Dorset Steam Fair Show 2011 on 31 August 2011." ]

[ "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "Roger released his solo debut, a reggae-oriented album entitled Radical Departure, in 1988. In the early 1990s, Roger joined members of the Specials to form Special Beat, which toured and released two live albums. They supported the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. In 2001, Roger released another solo album, Inside My Head, which included traditional reggae and ska with influences of electronica, jungle and dub. Ranking Roger's son, Ranking Junior, has followed in his father's footsteps.", "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "Ranking Roger released The Beat - Live At The Roundhouse a live album with accompanying DVD, while The (English) Beat starring Dave Wakeling released an album called Here We Go Love!. This album was announced by Wakeling in 2014, with the project funded through the PledgeMusic website (which was a direct-to-fan music platform where fans could donate money to a group to complete an album project). On 26 January 2019 the Beat feat. Ranking Roger released a new studio album, Public Confidential.", "21st century In 2003, the Beat's original line-up, minus Cox and Steele, played a sold-out one-off gig at the Royal Festival Hall. In 2004, the VH1 show Bands Reunited tried unsuccessfully to reunite the original line-up. In 2006, the UK version of the Beat, featuring Ranking Roger, recorded a new album that was mixed by Adrian Sherwood, but it remains unreleased. The band also featured Everett Morton and Mickey Billingham on keyboards, formerly a member of Dexys Midnight Runners and General Public.", "In late 2013, the Beat with Ranking Roger released the live album, Live In London which featured a new song entitled \"How Do You Do (Side To Side)\" and also a song previously released solo by Ranking Roger, entitled \"Dangerous\", among many other songs. The Beat feat. Ranking Roger released Bounce, a studio album, on 30 September 2016, on CD, Vinyl and Digital on DMF Records.", "Ranking Roger released Bounce, a studio album, on 30 September 2016, on CD, Vinyl and Digital on DMF Records. The first single from the album, 'Walking on the Wrong Side' was released in July 2016, whilst the album reached number 49 in the UK albums chart. In 2018 the Beat feat. Ranking Roger released The Beat - Live At The Roundhouse a live album with accompanying DVD, while The (English) Beat starring Dave Wakeling released an album called Here We Go Love!.", "So the zombies have a song called ‘You’re Dead Right, Mate,’ and the Hex Girls have one called ‘We’re the Good Bad Girls,’ which has a definite Ramones-Runaways vibe to it, but frankly, I'm really happy I did it, because I’ve always loved ‘Scooby-Doo.\" In late 2013, the Beat with Ranking Roger released the live album, Live In London which featured a new song entitled \"How Do You Do (Side To Side)\" and also a song previously released solo by Ranking Roger, entitled \"Dangerous\", among many other songs.", "During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen? Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz.", "Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen? (1981) Special Beat Service (1982) References Bibliography The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Third Edition (Fireside, 2001) The Beat: Twist and Crawl by Malu Halasa (Eel Pie, 1981) External links The English Beat official website (US) The Beat official website (UK) Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph interview with The Beat Songfacts interview with Dave Wakeling 2009 Dave Wakeling interview at Bullz-Eye.com British reggae musical groups Musical groups established in 1978 Musical groups disestablished in 1983 Musical groups reestablished in 2006 English new wave musical groups Second-wave ska groups English ska musical groups 1978 establishments in England Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands 2 Tone Records artists" ]

[ "The Beat (known in the United States and Canada as the English Beat and in Australia as the British Beat) are a British band founded in Birmingham, England, in 1978. Their music fuses Latin, ska, pop, soul, reggae and punk rock. The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a.", "(1981) and Special Beat Service (1982), and a string of singles, including \"Mirror in the Bathroom\", \"Save It for Later\", \"I Confess\", \"Too Nice to Talk To\", \"Can't Get Used to Losing You\", \"Hands Off...She's Mine\", and \"All Out to Get You\". Career 1978–1983 The Beat was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1978, during a period of high unemployment and social upheaval in the United Kingdom.", "Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen? (1981) Special Beat Service (1982) References Bibliography The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll, Third Edition (Fireside, 2001) The Beat: Twist and Crawl by Malu Halasa (Eel Pie, 1981) External links The English Beat official website (US) The Beat official website (UK) Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph interview with The Beat Songfacts interview with Dave Wakeling 2009 Dave Wakeling interview at Bullz-Eye.com British reggae musical groups Musical groups established in 1978 Musical groups disestablished in 1983 Musical groups reestablished in 2006 English new wave musical groups Second-wave ska groups English ska musical groups 1978 establishments in England Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands 2 Tone Records artists", "Career 1978–1983 The Beat was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1978, during a period of high unemployment and social upheaval in the United Kingdom. Ranking Roger, one of the band's vocalists, added a Jamaican vocal flavour to the band's sound with his toasting style. Jamaican saxophonist Saxa added a Jamaican ska instrumental sound. Saxa (born Lionel Augustus Martin in 1930) had played saxophone with Prince Buster, Laurel Aitken, and Desmond Dekker in the first wave of ska.", "The resulting double-A side single, with \"Legacy\" on one side and \"Jump And Skank\" on the other, was released as a download, vinyl and CD single by United Sound Records/Proper. Personnel The Beat / The English Beat Andy Cox - guitar (1978-1983) Everett Morton - drums (1978-1983) Ranking Roger - lead vocals, toaster (1978-1983) Saxa - saxophone (1978-1983) David Steele - bass (1978-1983) Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar (1978-1983) Dave 'Blockhead' Wright - keyboards (1980-1983) Wesley Magoogan - saxophone (1981-1983) The English Beat starring Dave Wakeling Dave Wakeling - lead vocals, guitar King Schascha - toasting (past) Nucci Cantrell - drums, vocals Matt Morrish - sax, vocals Kevin Lum - keys, vocals Minh Quan - keys, vocals Brad Engstrom - bass, vocals Antonee First Class - toasting (current) Discography I Just Can't Stop It (1980) Wha'ppen?", "The Beat, consisting of Dave Wakeling (vocals, guitar), Ranking Roger (vocals), Andy Cox (guitar), David Steele (bass), Everett Morton (drums), and Saxa a.k.a. Lionel Augustus Martin (saxophone), released three studio albums in the early 1980s: I Just Can't Stop It (1980), Wha'ppen?", "Members of the band often collaborated on stage with the Specials. During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen?", "During their early career, the band were associated with Birmingham-based cartoonist Hunt Emerson, who designed their 'Beat Girl' icon and painted the mural that was used on the cover of Wha'ppen? Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz.", "Although the Beat's main fan base was in the UK, the band was also popular in Australia, partly due to exposure on the radio station Triple J and the TV show Countdown. The Beat had a sizable following in the US and Canada, where the band were known as the English Beat for legal reasons (to avoid confusion with the American band the Beat).", "Post-breakup After the break-up of the Beat in 1983, Dave Wakeling and Ranking Roger went on to form General Public and had a couple of hit singles in the US and Canada including \"Tenderness\", while Andy Cox and David Steele formed Fine Young Cannibals with vocalist Roland Gift from the ska band Akrylykz. Drummer Everett Morton and Saxa formed the International Beat along with the Birmingham-based singer, Tony Beet, and the band released an album titled The Hitting Line on Blue Beat Records in 1990 (BBSLP 009)." ]

[ "Yesterday Went Too Soon entered the UK albums chart at No. 8, an unexpected position for the band. The UK music press warmed to the album. It was Melody Makers Album of the Week (and later No. 24 album of 1999), while Metal Hammer placed the album in at No. 6 and Kerrang! ranked it at No. 16. As of March 2003, the album has been certified gold shipping 100,000 units in the UK, with total counter sales standing at 110,000 as of February 2005.", "31. 31. Two more singles followed, \"Insomnia\" in May (charting at No. 22 and resulting in their first appearance on Top of the Pops) and \"Yesterday Went Too Soon\" in August (charting at No. 20). That summer, Feeder added guitarist Dean Tidey to their live band. They performed on the main stage of the Reading and Leeds festivals. The album Yesterday Went Too Soon was released on 30 August. Yesterday Went Too Soon entered the UK albums chart at No.", "Polythene and Yesterday Went Too Soon (1997–1999) Feeder's debut album, Polythene, was released in May 1997. Polythene was acclaimed by critics, including Metal Hammer and Kerrang!, who placed the album at first and sixth in their respective end-of-year lists. Some critics labelled the band \"The UK's answer to the Smashing Pumpkins\", and also drew comparisons to The Pixies and Talk Talk. Feeder would go on to release three further singles from Polythene, \"Tangerine\" (charting at No.", "A third single, \"Turn\" reached No. A third single, \"Turn\" reached No. 27 in July before festival season. \"Just a Day\", a b-side from \"Seven Days in the Sun\", later reached No. 12 in December. The response the album received on a critical level was mixed, with Dan Genroe of Q magazine claiming that the listener will still be \"feeling hungry half an hour later\", alongside suggesting that the album is \"hard to love\".", "and Edge gave away a promo tape the band made with producer Chris Sheldon. Called 'Two Tracker', it featured two songs that would feature on Feeder's debut album. In July, Feeder released their first commercially available release, Swim. In August, the band made their first appearance at the Reading festival and in October, they released their first single, \"Stereo World\". Polythene and Yesterday Went Too Soon (1997–1999) Feeder's debut album, Polythene, was released in May 1997.", "On 17 December a sample of a new song \"Sentimental\" was added to their website, which was later replaced with a 20-second clip of another song called \"Renegades\". Later on that month the website announced a six date tour and the release of a tour-only EP which was released on \"Big Teeth Music\", also their own record label. After the tour was completed, another six date tour was shortly announced with the band this time playing bigger venues.", "I'm just being realistic. I'm just being realistic. We've been around for seven or eight years and I am not planning on giving up, but we're putting everything into this record and I'm just hoping that people like it\". The album campaign helped the band in August 2001 win the \"Best British Live Act\" accolade at the Kerrang! awards, before ending the year supporting the Stereophonics, and then releasing the \"Just a Day\" single in December.", "The album's final single, being the title track, was only available to buy as a limited edition of 3,000 CDs on their 2003 arena tour. Four singles were released commercially, with those being \"Come Back Around\" (#14), \"Just the Way I'm Feeling\" (#10), \"Forget About Tomorrow\" (#12), and \"Find the Colour\" (#24), which was released following their V2003 appearance and Kerrang!", "After completing their second and final tour as Renegades, the band then announced their new single \"Call Out\" under the name of Feeder before shortly revealing the name of their seventh album as Renegades. All of the new songs performed live as Renegades were listed on the album with the free download track \"Fallen\" being a b-side on \"Call Out\" and was released as a download and vinyl single, with the album released on 5 July. Renegades peaked at No.", "Grant later added \"Each album is a journey and a reflection of the past, there is some stuff that touches on what has happened, but there are songs about love, songs of loss and songs about the future. I don't want to give too much away but there's one track called \"Bitter Glass\". Its quite dark but uplifting too. Its about pulling yourself out of a big hole\"." ]

[ "You're lucky you're even on the floor.\" In addition to lettering in basketball at Ohio State, it has been claimed that Knight also lettered in football and baseball; however, the official list of Ohio State football letter earners does not include Knight. Knight graduated with a degree in history and government in 1962. Coaching career Army After completion of graduation from Ohio State University in 1962, he coached junior varsity basketball at Cuyahoga Falls High School in Ohio for one year.", "Coaching career Army After completion of graduation from Ohio State University in 1962, he coached junior varsity basketball at Cuyahoga Falls High School in Ohio for one year. Knight then enlisted in the United States Army and accepted an assistant coaching position with the Army Black Knights in 1963, where, two years later, he was named head coach at the relatively young age of 24. In six seasons at West Point, Knight won 102 games, with his first as a head coach coming against Worcester Polytechnic Institute.", "Robert Montgomery Knight (born October 25, 1940) is an American former basketball coach. Nicknamed \"the General\", Knight won 902 NCAA Division I men's college basketball games, a record at the time of his retirement, and currently fifth all-time, behind his former player and assistant coach Mike Krzyzewski of Duke, Roy Williams, Bob Huggins and Jim Boeheim of Syracuse, of which Krzyzewski, Huggins, and Boeheim are still active.", "Players on the team included Michael Jordan and Knight's Indiana player and protégé Steve Alford. Life after coaching In 2008, ESPN hired Knight as a studio analyst and occasional color commentator. In November 2012, he called an Indiana men's basketball game for the first time, something he had previously refused to do. Former Indiana men's basketball coach Tom Crean reached out to Knight in an attempt to get him to visit the school again.", "Nicknamed \"the General\", Knight won 902 NCAA Division I men's college basketball games, a record at the time of his retirement, and currently fifth all-time, behind his former player and assistant coach Mike Krzyzewski of Duke, Roy Williams, Bob Huggins and Jim Boeheim of Syracuse, of which Krzyzewski, Huggins, and Boeheim are still active. Knight is best known as the head coach of the Indiana Hoosiers from 1971 to 2000. He also coached at Texas Tech (2001–2008) and at Army (1965–1971).", "He continued covering college basketball for ESPN through the 2014–15 season. Early life Knight was born in 1940 Massillon, Ohio, and grew up in Orrville, Ohio. He began playing organized basketball at Orrville High School. College career Knight continued at Ohio State in 1958 when he played for Basketball Hall of Fame coach Fred Taylor.", "Coaching tree A number of Knight's assistant coaches, players, and managers have gone on to be coaches. Among them are Hall of Fame Duke coach Mike Krzyzewski, former UCLA coach Steve Alford, Murry Bartow, and former coach Dan Dakich,and NBA coaches Randy Wittman, Mike Woodson, Keith Smart, Isiah Thomas, former Evansville and current Eastern Illinois Coach Marty Simmons, former Saint Louis Coach Jim Crews, Lawrence Frank, and former Texas Tech and current University of Texas coach Chris Beard.", "Nevertheless, Knight was accused of choking a player during practice. Following the incident, a \"zero tolerance\" policy was instituted specifically for coach Knight. After a subsequent run-in with a student, university president Myles Brand fired Knight in the fall of 2000. In 2008, Knight joined ESPN as a men's college basketball studio analyst during Championship Week and for coverage of the NCAA Tournament. He continued covering college basketball for ESPN through the 2014–15 season.", "All but four of his four-year players completed their degrees, which was a ratio of nearly 98 percent. Nearly 80 percent of his players graduated; this figure was much higher than the national average of 42 percent for Division 1 schools. Legacy Accomplishments Knight's all time coaching record is 902–371. His 902 wins in NCAA Division I men's college basketball games is fourth all-time to Knight's former player Mike Krzyzewski, Syracuse head coach Jim Boeheim, and North Carolina head Coach Roy Williams." ]

[ "1 ranked Hoosiers were favorites to win another national championship. However, with an injury to All-American Ted Kitchel mid-season, the Hoosiers' prospects were grim. Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games.", "Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games. Nevertheless, in the tournament Kitchel's absence was felt and the team lost to Kentucky in the 1983 Sweet Sixteen. The 1985–86 Hoosiers were profiled in a best-selling book A Season on the Brink.", "In the 1961 NCAA Championship game, Knight came off the bench with 1:41 on the clock and Cincinnati leading Ohio State, 61–59. In the words of then-Ohio State assistant coach Frank Truitt, Knight got the ball in the left front court and faked a drive into the middle. Then [he] crossed over like he worked on it all his life and drove right in and laid it up.", "The Hoosiers were so dominant that four starters – Scott May, Steve Green, Kent Benson and Quinn Buckner – would make the five-man All-Big Ten team. The following season, 1975–76, the Hoosiers went the entire season and 1976 NCAA tournament without a single loss, beating Michigan 86–68 in the title game. Immediately after the game, Knight lamented that \"it should have been two.\" The 1976 Hoosiers remain the last undefeated NCAA Division I men's basketball team.", "In 24 NCAA tournament appearances at Indiana, Hoosier teams under Knight won 42 of 63 games (.667), winning titles in 1976, 1981, and 1987, while losing in the semi-finals in 1973 and 1992. 1970s In 1972–73, Knight's second year as coach, Indiana won the Big Ten championship and reached the Final Four, but lost to UCLA, who was on its way to its seventh consecutive national title. The following season, 1973–74, Indiana once again captured a Big Ten title.", "2010s On April 18, 2011, video surfaced showing Knight responding to a question concerning John Calipari and Kentucky's men's basketball team by stating that in the previous season, Kentucky made an Elite Eight appearance with \"five players who had not attended a single class that semester.\" These claims were later disproven by the University and the players in question, including Patrick Patterson, who graduated in three years, and John Wall, who finished the semester in question with a 3.5 GPA.", "You're lucky you're even on the floor.\" In addition to lettering in basketball at Ohio State, it has been claimed that Knight also lettered in football and baseball; however, the official list of Ohio State football letter earners does not include Knight. Knight graduated with a degree in history and government in 1962. Coaching career Army After completion of graduation from Ohio State University in 1962, he coached junior varsity basketball at Cuyahoga Falls High School in Ohio for one year.", "The 1976 Hoosiers remain the last undefeated NCAA Division I men's basketball team. Through these two seasons, Knight's teams were undefeated in the regular season, including a perfect 37–0 record in Big Ten games on their way to their third and fourth conference titles in a row. Behind the play of Mike Woodson, Indiana won the 1979 NIT championship. 1980s The 1979–80 Hoosiers, led by Mike Woodson and Isiah Thomas, won the Big Ten championship and advanced to the 1980 Sweet Sixteen." ]

[ "The Buckeyes lost to the Cincinnati Bearcats in each of the next two NCAA Championship games, of which Knight was also a part. Due in part to the star power of those Ohio State teams, Knight usually received scant playing time, but that did not prevent him from making an impact. In the 1961 NCAA Championship game, Knight came off the bench with 1:41 on the clock and Cincinnati leading Ohio State, 61–59.", "1 ranked Hoosiers were favorites to win another national championship. However, with an injury to All-American Ted Kitchel mid-season, the Hoosiers' prospects were grim. Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games.", "Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games. Nevertheless, in the tournament Kitchel's absence was felt and the team lost to Kentucky in the 1983 Sweet Sixteen. The 1985–86 Hoosiers were profiled in a best-selling book A Season on the Brink.", "In the 1961 NCAA Championship game, Knight came off the bench with 1:41 on the clock and Cincinnati leading Ohio State, 61–59. In the words of then-Ohio State assistant coach Frank Truitt, Knight got the ball in the left front court and faked a drive into the middle. Then [he] crossed over like he worked on it all his life and drove right in and laid it up.", "Video replay shown by Knight later showed Barnes had mistakenly thrown the first punch, and that Thomas was merely reacting to this. When the two schools played their second game of the season at Purdue on February 7, 1981, Knight claimed a number of derisive chants were directed at him, his wife, and Indiana University. In response, Knight invited Purdue athletic director George King on his weekly television show to discuss the matter, but King declined.", "The Hoosiers were so dominant that four starters – Scott May, Steve Green, Kent Benson and Quinn Buckner – would make the five-man All-Big Ten team. The following season, 1975–76, the Hoosiers went the entire season and 1976 NCAA tournament without a single loss, beating Michigan 86–68 in the title game. Immediately after the game, Knight lamented that \"it should have been two.\" The 1976 Hoosiers remain the last undefeated NCAA Division I men's basketball team.", "However, in an 83–82 win against Purdue they lost consensus All-American forward Scott May to a broken left arm. With May's injury keeping him to 7 minutes of play, the No. 1 Hoosiers lost to Kentucky 92–90 in the Mideast Regional. The Hoosiers were so dominant that four starters – Scott May, Steve Green, Kent Benson and Quinn Buckner – would make the five-man All-Big Ten team.", "An argument between the two men was recorded via camera phone and aired later on television. 2010s On April 18, 2011, video surfaced showing Knight responding to a question concerning John Calipari and Kentucky's men's basketball team by stating that in the previous season, Kentucky made an Elite Eight appearance with \"five players who had not attended a single class that semester.\"", "2010s On April 18, 2011, video surfaced showing Knight responding to a question concerning John Calipari and Kentucky's men's basketball team by stating that in the previous season, Kentucky made an Elite Eight appearance with \"five players who had not attended a single class that semester.\" These claims were later disproven by the University and the players in question, including Patrick Patterson, who graduated in three years, and John Wall, who finished the semester in question with a 3.5 GPA." ]

[ "College career Knight continued at Ohio State in 1958 when he played for Basketball Hall of Fame coach Fred Taylor. Despite being a star player in high school, he played a reserve role as a forward on the 1960 Ohio State Buckeyes team that won the NCAA Championship and featured future Hall of Fame players John Havlicek and Jerry Lucas. The Buckeyes lost to the Cincinnati Bearcats in each of the next two NCAA Championship games, of which Knight was also a part.", "The Hoosiers were so dominant that four starters – Scott May, Steve Green, Kent Benson and Quinn Buckner – would make the five-man All-Big Ten team. The following season, 1975–76, the Hoosiers went the entire season and 1976 NCAA tournament without a single loss, beating Michigan 86–68 in the title game. Immediately after the game, Knight lamented that \"it should have been two.\" The 1976 Hoosiers remain the last undefeated NCAA Division I men's basketball team.", "In the 1961 NCAA Championship game, Knight came off the bench with 1:41 on the clock and Cincinnati leading Ohio State, 61–59. In the words of then-Ohio State assistant coach Frank Truitt, Knight got the ball in the left front court and faked a drive into the middle. Then [he] crossed over like he worked on it all his life and drove right in and laid it up.", "1 ranked Hoosiers were favorites to win another national championship. However, with an injury to All-American Ted Kitchel mid-season, the Hoosiers' prospects were grim. Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games.", "Knight asked for fan support to rally around the team and, when the team ultimately won the Big Ten title, he ordered that a banner be hung for the team in Assembly Hall as a tribute to the fans, who he credited with inspiring the team to win its final three home games. Nevertheless, in the tournament Kitchel's absence was felt and the team lost to Kentucky in the 1983 Sweet Sixteen. The 1985–86 Hoosiers were profiled in a best-selling book A Season on the Brink.", "The 1980–81 Hoosiers would go on to win the 1981 NCAA National Championship, the school's fourth national title. On Saturday, February 23, 1985 during a game at Bloomington between Purdue and Indiana, just five minutes into the game, a scramble for a loose ball resulted in a foul call on Indiana's Marty Simmons. Immediately after the resumption of play, a foul was called on Indiana's Daryl Thomas.", "Some of the more reputable recruiting gurus claimed to have never heard of Renko, whereas some other \"experts\" even claimed to possess or to see film of him actually playing basketball. Knight was recorded berating an NCAA volunteer at a March 1995 post-game press conference following a 65–60 loss to Missouri in the first round of the NCAA tournament held in Boise, Idaho.", "The 1976 Hoosiers remain the last undefeated NCAA Division I men's basketball team. Through these two seasons, Knight's teams were undefeated in the regular season, including a perfect 37–0 record in Big Ten games on their way to their third and fourth conference titles in a row. Behind the play of Mike Woodson, Indiana won the 1979 NIT championship. 1980s The 1979–80 Hoosiers, led by Mike Woodson and Isiah Thomas, won the Big Ten championship and advanced to the 1980 Sweet Sixteen.", "In response, Knight invited Purdue athletic director George King on his weekly television show to discuss the matter, but King declined. Therefore, in place of King, Knight brought onto the show a \"jackass\" (male donkey) wearing a Purdue hat as a representative of Purdue. The 1980–81 Hoosiers would go on to win the 1981 NCAA National Championship, the school's fourth national title." ]

[ "Then [he] crossed over like he worked on it all his life and drove right in and laid it up. That tied the game for us, and Knight ran clear across the floor like a 100-yard dash sprinter and ran right at me and said, 'See there, coach, I should have been in that game a long time ago!' To which Truitt replied, \"Sit down, you hot dog. You're lucky you're even on the floor.\"", "Nevertheless, Knight was accused of choking a player during practice. Following the incident, a \"zero tolerance\" policy was instituted specifically for coach Knight. After a subsequent run-in with a student, university president Myles Brand fired Knight in the fall of 2000. In 2008, Knight joined ESPN as a men's college basketball studio analyst during Championship Week and for coverage of the NCAA Tournament. He continued covering college basketball for ESPN through the 2014–15 season.", "The university later asked Knight to issue an apology to the secretary. It was alleged that Knight attacked assistant coach Ron Felling, throwing him out of a chair after overhearing him criticizing the basketball program in a phone conversation. On September 8, 2000, Indiana freshman Kent Harvey told campus police Knight grabbed him roughly by the arm and berated him for speaking to Knight disrespectfully. Knight admitted putting his hand on the student's arm and lecturing him on civility, but denied that he was rough or raised his voice.", "He apologized for his actions the next day and was given a one-game suspension and two years probation from the Big Ten. Since the incident, Knight has occasionally joked about throwing the chair by saying that he saw an old lady standing on the opposite sideline and threw her the chair so she could sit down. Women's groups nationwide were outraged by Knight's comments during an April 1988 interview with Connie Chung in which he said, \"I think that if rape is inevitable, relax and enjoy it.\"", "ESPN analyst Fran Fraschilla defended Knight by saying \"That's coaching!\" On October 21, 2007, James Simpson of Lubbock, Texas, accused Knight of firing a shotgun in his direction after he yelled at Knight and another man for hunting too close to his home. Knight denied the allegations. An argument between the two men was recorded via camera phone and aired later on television.", "Video replay shown by Knight later showed Barnes had mistakenly thrown the first punch, and that Thomas was merely reacting to this. When the two schools played their second game of the season at Purdue on February 7, 1981, Knight claimed a number of derisive chants were directed at him, his wife, and Indiana University. In response, Knight invited Purdue athletic director George King on his weekly television show to discuss the matter, but King declined.", "In response, Indiana University president Myles Brand announced that he had adopted a \"zero tolerance\" policy with regard to Knight's behavior. Later in the year, in September 2000, Indiana freshman Kent Harvey (not a basketball player) reportedly said, \"Hey, Knight, what's up?\" to Knight.", "According to Mandeville, Knight said, \"'This is how you guys are playing.'\" 2000s On February 19, 2000, Clarence Doninger, Knight's boss, alleged to have been physically threatened by Knight during a confrontation after a game. An Indiana investigation inquired about an allegation in which Knight berated and physically intimidated a university secretary, once throwing a potted plant in anger, showering her with glass and debris. The university later asked Knight to issue an apology to the secretary.", "Knight admitted putting his hand on the student's arm and lecturing him on civility, but denied that he was rough or raised his voice. Knight was fired from the university two days later. Two days after Knight was fired from Indiana University, Jeremy Schaap of ESPN interviewed him and discussed his time at Indiana. Towards the end of the interview, Knight talked about his son, Pat, who had also been dismissed by the university, wanting an opportunity to be a head coach." ]

[ "The film was not released theatrically, and did not attract the sort of adulation from critics that greeted his later work. The Washington Post staff writer Hal Hinson would disparagingly comment in an aside during a review of Jarmusch's Mystery Train (1989) that in the director's debut, \"the only talent he demonstrated was for collecting egregiously untalented actors\".", "As a result of his early work, Jarmusch became an influential representative of the trend of the American road movie. Not intended to appeal to mainstream filmgoers, these early Jarmusch films were embraced by art house audiences, gaining a small but dedicated American following and cult status in Europe and Japan. Each of the four films had its premiere at the New York Film Festival, while Mystery Train was in competition at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival.", "Each of the four films had its premiere at the New York Film Festival, while Mystery Train was in competition at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. Jarmusch's distinctive aesthetic and auteur status fomented a critical backlash at the close of this early period, however; though reviewers praised the charm and adroitness of Mystery Train and Night On Earth, the director was increasingly charged with repetitiveness and risk-aversion.", "The Washington Post staff writer Hal Hinson would disparagingly comment in an aside during a review of Jarmusch's Mystery Train (1989) that in the director's debut, \"the only talent he demonstrated was for collecting egregiously untalented actors\". The bleak and unrefined Permanent Vacation is nevertheless one of the director's most personal films, and established many of the hallmarks he would exhibit in his later work, including derelict urban settings, chance encounters, and a wry sensibility.", "Musicians appear frequently in key roles—John Lurie, Tom Waits, Gary Farmer, Youki Kudoh, RZA and Iggy Pop have featured in multiple Jarmusch films, while Joe Strummer and Screamin' Jay Hawkins appear in Mystery Train and GZA, Jack and Meg White feature in Coffee and Cigarettes. Hawkins' song \"I Put a Spell on You\" was central to the plot of Stranger than Paradise, while Mystery Train is inspired by and named after a song popularized by Elvis Presley, who is also the subject of a vignette in Coffee and Cigarettes.", "Jarmusch's distinctive aesthetic and auteur status fomented a critical backlash at the close of this early period, however; though reviewers praised the charm and adroitness of Mystery Train and Night On Earth, the director was increasingly charged with repetitiveness and risk-aversion. A film appearance in 1989 as a used car dealer in the cult comedy Leningrad Cowboys Go America further solidified his interest and participation in the road movie genre. In 1991 Jarmusch appeared as himself in Episode One of John Lurie's cult television series Fishing With John.", "2000s A five-year gap followed the release of Ghost Dog, which the director has attributed to a creative crisis he experienced in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks in New York City. 2004 saw the eventual release of Coffee and Cigarettes, a collection of eleven short films of characters sitting around drinking coffee and smoking cigarettes that had been filmed by Jarmusch over the course of the previous two decades.", "He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s, directing films such as Stranger Than Paradise (1984), Down by Law (1986), Mystery Train (1989), Dead Man (1995), Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (1999), Coffee and Cigarettes (2003), Broken Flowers (2005), Only Lovers Left Alive (2013), Paterson (2016), and The Dead Don't Die (2019). Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002." ]

[ "He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s, directing films such as Stranger Than Paradise (1984), Down by Law (1986), Mystery Train (1989), Dead Man (1995), Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (1999), Coffee and Cigarettes (2003), Broken Flowers (2005), Only Lovers Left Alive (2013), Paterson (2016), and The Dead Don't Die (2019). Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002.", "James Robert Jarmusch (; born January 22, 1953) is an American film director, screenwriter, actor, producer, editor, and composer. He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s, directing films such as Stranger Than Paradise (1984), Down by Law (1986), Mystery Train (1989), Dead Man (1995), Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (1999), Coffee and Cigarettes (2003), Broken Flowers (2005), Only Lovers Left Alive (2013), Paterson (2016), and The Dead Don't Die (2019).", "They made fake identity documents which allowed them to visit bars at the weekend but also the local art house cinema, which typically showed pornographic films but would occasionally feature underground films such as Robert Downey, Sr.'s Putney Swope and Andy Warhol's Chelsea Girls. At one point, he took an apprenticeship with a commercial photographer. He later remarked, \"Growing up in Ohio was just planning to get out.\"", "From his peers he developed a taste for counterculture, and he and his friends would steal the records and books of their older siblings—this included works by William Burroughs, Jack Kerouac, and The Mothers of Invention. They made fake identity documents which allowed them to visit bars at the weekend but also the local art house cinema, which typically showed pornographic films but would occasionally feature underground films such as Robert Downey, Sr.'s Putney Swope and Andy Warhol's Chelsea Girls.", "On Jarmusch's return with the revised script, Ray reacted favourably to his student's dissent, citing approvingly the young student's obstinate independence. Jarmusch was the only person Ray brought to work—as his personal assistant—on Lightning Over Water, a documentary about his dying years on which he was collaborating with Wim Wenders. Ray died in 1979 after a long fight with cancer.", "Less bleak and somber than Jarmusch's earlier work, Mystery Train nevertheless retained the director's askance conception of America. He wrote Night on Earth in about a week, out of frustration at the collapse of the production of another film he had written and the desire to visit and collaborate with friends such as Benigni, Gena Rowlands, Winona Ryder and Isaach de Bankolé. As a result of his early work, Jarmusch became an influential representative of the trend of the American road movie.", "Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote of the film \"At times, the deadpan of Murray and Driver becomes, well, a bit deadening, and true wit is in short supply, even though the film remains amusing most of the way.\" Music In the early 1980s, Jarmusch was part of a revolving lineup of musicians in Robin Crutchfield's Dark Day project, and later became the keyboardist and one of two vocalists for The Del-Byzanteens, a No Wave band who released the LP Lies to Live By in 1982.", "The story focuses on Paterson's poetry writing efforts, interspersed with his observations and experiences of the residents he encounters on his bus route and in his daily life. Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review, writing: \"A mild-mannered, almost startlingly undramatic work that offers discreet pleasures to longtime fans of the New York indie-scene veteran, who can always be counted on to go his own way.\"" ]

[ "Less bleak and somber than Jarmusch's earlier work, Mystery Train nevertheless retained the director's askance conception of America. He wrote Night on Earth in about a week, out of frustration at the collapse of the production of another film he had written and the desire to visit and collaborate with friends such as Benigni, Gena Rowlands, Winona Ryder and Isaach de Bankolé. As a result of his early work, Jarmusch became an influential representative of the trend of the American road movie.", "Jarmusch's distinctive aesthetic and auteur status fomented a critical backlash at the close of this early period, however; though reviewers praised the charm and adroitness of Mystery Train and Night On Earth, the director was increasingly charged with repetitiveness and risk-aversion. A film appearance in 1989 as a used car dealer in the cult comedy Leningrad Cowboys Go America further solidified his interest and participation in the road movie genre. In 1991 Jarmusch appeared as himself in Episode One of John Lurie's cult television series Fishing With John.", "Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote of the film \"At times, the deadpan of Murray and Driver becomes, well, a bit deadening, and true wit is in short supply, even though the film remains amusing most of the way.\" Music In the early 1980s, Jarmusch was part of a revolving lineup of musicians in Robin Crutchfield's Dark Day project, and later became the keyboardist and one of two vocalists for The Del-Byzanteens, a No Wave band who released the LP Lies to Live By in 1982.", "Each of the four films had its premiere at the New York Film Festival, while Mystery Train was in competition at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. Jarmusch's distinctive aesthetic and auteur status fomented a critical backlash at the close of this early period, however; though reviewers praised the charm and adroitness of Mystery Train and Night On Earth, the director was increasingly charged with repetitiveness and risk-aversion.", "In 1991 Jarmusch appeared as himself in Episode One of John Lurie's cult television series Fishing With John. 1990s Dead Man (1995) In 1995, Jarmusch released Dead Man, a period film set in the 19th century American West starring Johnny Depp and Gary Farmer. Produced at a cost of almost $9 million with a high-profile cast including John Hurt, Gabriel Byrne and, in his final role, Robert Mitchum, the film marked a significant departure for the director from his previous features.", "Down by Law (1986) In 1986, Jarmusch wrote and directed Down by Law, starring musicians John Lurie and Tom Waits, and Italian comic actor Roberto Benigni (his introduction to American audiences) as three convicts who escape from a New Orleans jailhouse. Shot like the director's previous efforts in black and white, this constructivist neo-noir was Jarmusch's first collaboration with Dutch cinematographer Robby Müller, who had been known for his work with Wenders.", "Jarmusch's early work is marked by a brooding, contemplative tone, featuring extended silent scenes and prolonged still shots. He has experimented with a vignette format in three films that were either released, or begun around, the early 1990s: Mystery Train, Night on Earth and Coffee and Cigarettes. The Salt Lake Tribune critic Sean P. Means wrote that Jarmusch blends \"film styles and genres with sharp wit and dark humor\", while his style is also defined by a signature deadpan comedic tone.", "On Jarmusch's return with the revised script, Ray reacted favourably to his student's dissent, citing approvingly the young student's obstinate independence. Jarmusch was the only person Ray brought to work—as his personal assistant—on Lightning Over Water, a documentary about his dying years on which he was collaborating with Wim Wenders. Ray died in 1979 after a long fight with cancer." ]

[ "Musicians appear frequently in key roles—John Lurie, Tom Waits, Gary Farmer, Youki Kudoh, RZA and Iggy Pop have featured in multiple Jarmusch films, while Joe Strummer and Screamin' Jay Hawkins appear in Mystery Train and GZA, Jack and Meg White feature in Coffee and Cigarettes. Hawkins' song \"I Put a Spell on You\" was central to the plot of Stranger than Paradise, while Mystery Train is inspired by and named after a song popularized by Elvis Presley, who is also the subject of a vignette in Coffee and Cigarettes.", "Hawkins' song \"I Put a Spell on You\" was central to the plot of Stranger than Paradise, while Mystery Train is inspired by and named after a song popularized by Elvis Presley, who is also the subject of a vignette in Coffee and Cigarettes. In the words of critic Vincent Canby, \"Jarmusch's movies have the tempo and rhythm of blues and jazz, even in their use—or omission—of language.", "Jarmusch's early work is marked by a brooding, contemplative tone, featuring extended silent scenes and prolonged still shots. He has experimented with a vignette format in three films that were either released, or begun around, the early 1990s: Mystery Train, Night on Earth and Coffee and Cigarettes. The Salt Lake Tribune critic Sean P. Means wrote that Jarmusch blends \"film styles and genres with sharp wit and dark humor\", while his style is also defined by a signature deadpan comedic tone." ]

[ "Less bleak and somber than Jarmusch's earlier work, Mystery Train nevertheless retained the director's askance conception of America. He wrote Night on Earth in about a week, out of frustration at the collapse of the production of another film he had written and the desire to visit and collaborate with friends such as Benigni, Gena Rowlands, Winona Ryder and Isaach de Bankolé. As a result of his early work, Jarmusch became an influential representative of the trend of the American road movie.", "Each of the four films had its premiere at the New York Film Festival, while Mystery Train was in competition at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. Jarmusch's distinctive aesthetic and auteur status fomented a critical backlash at the close of this early period, however; though reviewers praised the charm and adroitness of Mystery Train and Night On Earth, the director was increasingly charged with repetitiveness and risk-aversion.", "Discography Studio albums Concerning the Entrance into Eternity (Important Records, 2012) (with Jozef van Wissem) The Mystery of Heaven (Sacred Bones Records, 2012) (with Jozef van Wissem) An Attempt to Draw Aside the Veil (Sacred Bones Records, 2019) (with Jozef van Wissem) Ranaldo Jarmusch Urselli Pandi (Trost, 2019) (with Lee Ranaldo, Marc Urselli, Balazs Pandi) Churning of the Ocean (Trost, 2021) (with Lee Ranaldo, Marc Urselli, Balazs Pandi) Soundtracks Only Lovers Left Alive (ATP Recordings, 2013) (as Sqürl, with Jozef van Wissem) Paterson (Original score) (Third Man Records, 2017) (as Squrl) The Dead Don’t Die (Original Soundtrack) (Sacred Bones Records, 2019) (as Squrl) Some Music for Robby Müller (Soundtrack Living the Light—documentary) (Sacred Bones Records, 2020) (as Sqürl) EPs EP #1 (ATP Recordings, 2013) (as Sqürl) EP #2 (ATP Recordings, 2013) (as Sqürl) EP #3 (ATP Recordings, 2014) (as Sqürl) EP #260 (Sacred Bones Records, 2017) (as Squrl)Live albums SQÜRL Live at Third Man Records (12\" vinyl, A Third Man Records, 2016) (as Sqürl) Guest appearances Jozef van Wissem—\"Concerning the Beautiful Human Form After Death\" from The Joy That Never Ends (2011) Fucked Up—Year of the Tiger\" (2012) Remixes The White Stripes—\"Blue Orchid\" (First Nations Remix) (2005) See also No Wave Cinema ReferencesOther sources' Gonzalez, Éric, \"Jim Jarmusch's Aesthetics of Sampling in Ghost Dog–The Way of the Samurai\", Volume!, vol. 3, n° 2, Nantes: Éditions Mélanie Seteun, 2004, pp.", "Earnest in tone in comparison to its self-consciously hip and ironic predecessors, Dead Man was thematically expansive and of an often violent and progressively more surreal character. The film was shot in black and white by Robby Müller, and features a score composed and performed by Neil Young, for whom Jarmusch subsequently filmed the tour documentary Year of the Horse, released to tepid reviews in 1997. Though ill-received by mainstream American reviewers, Dead Man found much favor internationally and among critics, many of whom lauded it as a visionary masterpiece.", "Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote of the film \"At times, the deadpan of Murray and Driver becomes, well, a bit deadening, and true wit is in short supply, even though the film remains amusing most of the way.\" Music In the early 1980s, Jarmusch was part of a revolving lineup of musicians in Robin Crutchfield's Dark Day project, and later became the keyboardist and one of two vocalists for The Del-Byzanteens, a No Wave band who released the LP Lies to Live By in 1982.", "A retrospective of the director's films was hosted at the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, during February 1994, and another, \"The Sad and Beautiful World of Jim Jarmusch\", by the American Film Institute in August 2005. While Swinton, who has worked with Jarmusch on numerous occasions, describes him as a \"rock star,\" the director admits that \"I don't know where I fit in. I don't feel tied to my time.\"", "Music In the early 1980s, Jarmusch was part of a revolving lineup of musicians in Robin Crutchfield's Dark Day project, and later became the keyboardist and one of two vocalists for The Del-Byzanteens, a No Wave band who released the LP Lies to Live By in 1982. Jarmusch is also featured on the album Wu-Tang Meets the Indie Culture (2005) in two interludes described by Sean Fennessy in a Pitchfork review of the album as both \"bizarrely pretentious\" and \"reason alone to give it a listen\".", "The first vignette, \"Strange to Meet You\", had been shot for and aired on Saturday Night Live in 1986, and paired Roberto Benigni with comedian Steven Wright. This had been followed three years later by \"Twins\", a segment featuring actors Steve Buscemi and Joie and Cinqué Lee, and then in 1993 with the Short Film Palme d'Or-winning \"Somewhere in California\", starring musicians Tom Waits and Iggy Pop." ]

[ "Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France and achieving considerable victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin, although he finalised a peace treaty and ended the campaign without retaking Jerusalem. Richard probably spoke both French and Occitan. He was born in England, where he spent his childhood; before becoming king, however, he lived most of his adult life in the Duchy of Aquitaine, in the southwest of France.", "After repositioning the part of his army he left behind to guard his French possessions, Richard finally set out on the crusade in summer 1190. (His delay was criticised by troubadours such as Bertran de Born.) He appointed as regents Hugh de Puiset, Bishop of Durham, and William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex—who soon died and was replaced by William Longchamp. Richard's brother John was not satisfied by this decision and started scheming against William Longchamp.", "He distributed a royal writ demanding that the Jews be left alone. The edict was only loosely enforced, however, and the following March further violence occurred, including a massacre at York. Crusade plans Richard had already taken the cross as Count of Poitou in 1187. His father and Philip II had done so at Gisors on 21 January 1188 after receiving news of the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin.", "General Allenby protested against his campaign being presented as a latter-day Crusade, stating \"The importance of Jerusalem lay in its strategic importance, there was no religious impulse in this campaign\". Family tree See also Cultural depictions of Richard I of England The Crusade and Death of Richard I Notes References Citations Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See also . . . . Roger of Hoveden, , ed.", "The terms provided for the destruction of Ascalon's fortifications, allowed Christian pilgrims and merchants access to Jerusalem, and initiated a three-year truce. Richard, being ill with arnaldia, left for England on 9 October 1192. Life after the Third Crusade Captivity, ransom and return Bad weather forced Richard's ship to put in at Corfu, in the lands of Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos, who objected to Richard's annexation of Cyprus, formerly Byzantine territory.", "The troubadour Bertran de Born also called him Richard Oc-e-Non (Occitan for Yes and No), possibly from a reputation for terseness. By the age of 16, Richard had taken command of his own army, putting down rebellions in Poitou against his father. Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France and achieving considerable victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin, although he finalised a peace treaty and ended the campaign without retaking Jerusalem.", "In January 1175 Richard was dispatched to Aquitaine to punish the barons who had fought for him. The historian John Gillingham notes that the chronicle of Roger of Howden is the main source for Richard's activities in this period. According to the chronicle, most of the castles belonging to rebels were to be returned to the state they were in 15 days before the outbreak of war, while others were to be razed.", "Leopold's banner had been raised alongside the English and French standards. This was interpreted as arrogance by both Richard and Philip, as Leopold was a vassal of the Holy Roman Emperor (although he was the highest-ranking surviving leader of the imperial forces). Richard's men tore the flag down and threw it in the moat of Acre. Leopold left the crusade immediately.", "Baldwin of Forde, Archbishop of Canterbury, reacted by remarking, \"If the King is not God's man, he had better be the devil's\". Offended that he was not being obeyed and realising that the assaults could destabilise his realm on the eve of his departure on crusade, Richard ordered the execution of those responsible for the most egregious murders and persecutions, including rioters who had accidentally burned down Christian homes. He distributed a royal writ demanding that the Jews be left alone." ]

[ "Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France and achieving considerable victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin, although he finalised a peace treaty and ended the campaign without retaking Jerusalem. Richard probably spoke both French and Occitan. He was born in England, where he spent his childhood; before becoming king, however, he lived most of his adult life in the Duchy of Aquitaine, in the southwest of France.", "After repositioning the part of his army he left behind to guard his French possessions, Richard finally set out on the crusade in summer 1190. (His delay was criticised by troubadours such as Bertran de Born.) He appointed as regents Hugh de Puiset, Bishop of Durham, and William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex—who soon died and was replaced by William Longchamp. Richard's brother John was not satisfied by this decision and started scheming against William Longchamp.", "The troubadour Bertran de Born also called him Richard Oc-e-Non (Occitan for Yes and No), possibly from a reputation for terseness. By the age of 16, Richard had taken command of his own army, putting down rebellions in Poitou against his father. Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France and achieving considerable victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin, although he finalised a peace treaty and ended the campaign without retaking Jerusalem.", "Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and was overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period.", "General Allenby protested against his campaign being presented as a latter-day Crusade, stating \"The importance of Jerusalem lay in its strategic importance, there was no religious impulse in this campaign\". Family tree See also Cultural depictions of Richard I of England The Crusade and Death of Richard I Notes References Citations Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See also . . . . Roger of Hoveden, , ed.", "King and crusader Coronation and anti-Jewish violence Richard I was officially invested as Duke of Normandy on 20 July 1189 and crowned king in Westminster Abbey on 3 September 1189. Tradition barred all Jews and women from the investiture, but some Jewish leaders arrived to present gifts for the new king. According to Ralph of Diceto, Richard's courtiers stripped and flogged the Jews, then flung them out of court. When a rumour spread that Richard had ordered all Jews to be killed, the people of London attacked the Jewish population.", "In January 1175 Richard was dispatched to Aquitaine to punish the barons who had fought for him. The historian John Gillingham notes that the chronicle of Roger of Howden is the main source for Richard's activities in this period. According to the chronicle, most of the castles belonging to rebels were to be returned to the state they were in 15 days before the outbreak of war, while others were to be razed.", "The following year, Richard attempted to take the throne of England for himself by joining Philip's expedition against his father. On 4 July 1189, the forces of Richard and Philip defeated Henry's army at Ballans. Henry, with John's consent, agreed to name Richard his heir apparent. Two days later Henry II died in Chinon, and Richard the Lionheart succeeded him as King of England, Duke of Normandy, and Count of Anjou." ]

[ "The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014. Radio Bass hosted Dirty Pop with Lance Bass, a daily evening drive time radio show focusing on pop culture and entertainment news on OutQ, an LGBT-geared station on Sirius XM. Bass was also the host of the weekly \"Pop2Kountdown\" on Pop2K, which counts down the 30 biggest hits from that week from a different year in the 2000s. Personal life Bass dated actress Danielle Fishel of TV's Boy Meets World throughout 1999 and 2000.", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "In July 2006, Bass came out as gay in a cover story for People magazine. He was awarded the Human Rights Campaign Visibility Award in October 2006, and released an autobiography, Out of Sync, in October 2007, which debuted on the New York Times Best Seller list. Early life and education James Lance Bass was born in Laurel, Mississippi, to James Irvin Bass Jr., a medical technologist, and Diane (née Pulliam), a middle school mathematics, English, and career discovery teacher.", "I don't hate him at all. I don't hate him at all. And I understand what he was going through, and it was as hard for him as it was for any of us.\" Free Lance Entertainment In 2000, Bass formed a music management company named Free Lance Entertainment, which was a joint venture with Mercury Nashville, a division of Mercury Records.", "Bass has also been involved in fundraising for the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. Discography NSYNC 'N Sync (1997) No Strings Attached (2000) Celebrity (2001) Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Official Official website Biographical or discographical </ref> https://pagesix.com/2021/10/15/lance-bass-and-husband-michael-turchin-welcome-twins/ 1979 births 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American singers American basses Living people People from Laurel, Mississippi American child singers American male dancers American male film actors American film producers American memoirists American male pop singers American male musical theatre actors American television producers American male voice actors American male video game actors Baptists from Mississippi American gay actors American gay musicians American gay writers LGBT dancers LGBT memoirists LGBT people from Mississippi LGBT producers LGBT Protestants LGBT rights activists from the United States LGBT singers from the United States Male actors from Mississippi Singers from Mississippi NSYNC members Participants in American reality television series People from Clinton, Mississippi People from Ellisville, Mississippi Space advocates Dancers from Mississippi Space tourists 20th-century LGBT people 21st-century LGBT people", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "To date no such project has been developed or aired. In 2008, Bass co-produced The Grand, and Bass's company is reported to be developing a music docudrama about the life of rock bands on tour. In October 2011, Bass debuted his own boy band called Heart2Heart. In August 2013, Bass became an executive producer of the documentary film Kidnapped for Christ along with Mike C. Manning.", "The ceremonial event was filmed and televised in a special E! presentation: Lance Loves Michael: The Lance Bass Wedding that aired on February 5, 2015. Bass and Turchin were the first same-sex couple to exchange vows on cable television. After four years of marriage, the couple decided to extend their family and have a child with the help of a surrogate. In March 2020, Bass announced the couple had lost a baby via the surrogate having a miscarriage at eight weeks." ]

[ "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014. Radio Bass hosted Dirty Pop with Lance Bass, a daily evening drive time radio show focusing on pop culture and entertainment news on OutQ, an LGBT-geared station on Sirius XM. Bass was also the host of the weekly \"Pop2Kountdown\" on Pop2K, which counts down the 30 biggest hits from that week from a different year in the 2000s. Personal life Bass dated actress Danielle Fishel of TV's Boy Meets World throughout 1999 and 2000.", "Bass has also lent his voice to several animated television programs, such as Robot Chicken and Disney's Kim Possible, Handy Manny and Higglytown Heroes. In the video game realm, Bass voiced the Final Fantasy VII character Sephiroth in Kingdom Hearts. On August 14, 2007, Bass began a six-month stint playing Corny Collins in the Broadway musical Hairspray, coinciding with the play's five-year stage anniversary. He ended his run in Hairspray on January 6, 2008. Bass made an appearance in the 2008 film Tropic Thunder.", "Bass played Kevin, a man who falls in love with a woman on a Chicago train and begins a search to find her again. The film was produced by Bass's production company, A Happy Place (later renamed Bacon & Eggs), and featured appearances by Jerry Stiller, Al Green, Bon Jovi guitarist Richie Sambora, former WWE wrestler Chyna, and Bass's bandmates Timberlake, Kirkpatrick and Fatone, the latter in a major role.", "Bass has also been involved in fundraising for the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. Discography NSYNC 'N Sync (1997) No Strings Attached (2000) Celebrity (2001) Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Official Official website Biographical or discographical </ref> https://pagesix.com/2021/10/15/lance-bass-and-husband-michael-turchin-welcome-twins/ 1979 births 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American singers American basses Living people People from Laurel, Mississippi American child singers American male dancers American male film actors American film producers American memoirists American male pop singers American male musical theatre actors American television producers American male voice actors American male video game actors Baptists from Mississippi American gay actors American gay musicians American gay writers LGBT dancers LGBT memoirists LGBT people from Mississippi LGBT producers LGBT Protestants LGBT rights activists from the United States LGBT singers from the United States Male actors from Mississippi Singers from Mississippi NSYNC members Participants in American reality television series People from Clinton, Mississippi People from Ellisville, Mississippi Space advocates Dancers from Mississippi Space tourists 20th-century LGBT people 21st-century LGBT people", "The ceremonial event was filmed and televised in a special E! presentation: Lance Loves Michael: The Lance Bass Wedding that aired on February 5, 2015. Bass and Turchin were the first same-sex couple to exchange vows on cable television. After four years of marriage, the couple decided to extend their family and have a child with the help of a surrogate. In March 2020, Bass announced the couple had lost a baby via the surrogate having a miscarriage at eight weeks.", "From August 2007 to March 2008, Bass dated New York-based hairdresser Ben Thigpen. After a year and a half of dating, Bass became engaged to Michael Turchin in September 2013. Bass and Turchin married on December 20, 2014, in Los Angeles. In a 2006 interview, Bass said he has Attention-Deficit Disorder. Bass's favorite music bands are Aerosmith, the Goo Goo Dolls, and Journey, and his favorite actress is Lucille Ball, whom he grew up watching on I Love Lucy re-runs.", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "In July 2006, Bass came out as gay in a cover story for People magazine. He was awarded the Human Rights Campaign Visibility Award in October 2006, and released an autobiography, Out of Sync, in October 2007, which debuted on the New York Times Best Seller list. Early life and education James Lance Bass was born in Laurel, Mississippi, to James Irvin Bass Jr., a medical technologist, and Diane (née Pulliam), a middle school mathematics, English, and career discovery teacher." ]

[ "The film was produced by Bass's production company, A Happy Place (later renamed Bacon & Eggs), and featured appearances by Jerry Stiller, Al Green, Bon Jovi guitarist Richie Sambora, former WWE wrestler Chyna, and Bass's bandmates Timberlake, Kirkpatrick and Fatone, the latter in a major role. The film also featured a soundtrack which included previously unreleased songs by NSYNC and Britney Spears.", "Bass played Kevin, a man who falls in love with a woman on a Chicago train and begins a search to find her again. The film was produced by Bass's production company, A Happy Place (later renamed Bacon & Eggs), and featured appearances by Jerry Stiller, Al Green, Bon Jovi guitarist Richie Sambora, former WWE wrestler Chyna, and Bass's bandmates Timberlake, Kirkpatrick and Fatone, the latter in a major role.", "Bass has also lent his voice to several animated television programs, such as Robot Chicken and Disney's Kim Possible, Handy Manny and Higglytown Heroes. In the video game realm, Bass voiced the Final Fantasy VII character Sephiroth in Kingdom Hearts. On August 14, 2007, Bass began a six-month stint playing Corny Collins in the Broadway musical Hairspray, coinciding with the play's five-year stage anniversary. He ended his run in Hairspray on January 6, 2008. Bass made an appearance in the 2008 film Tropic Thunder.", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014. Radio Bass hosted Dirty Pop with Lance Bass, a daily evening drive time radio show focusing on pop culture and entertainment news on OutQ, an LGBT-geared station on Sirius XM. Bass was also the host of the weekly \"Pop2Kountdown\" on Pop2K, which counts down the 30 biggest hits from that week from a different year in the 2000s. Personal life Bass dated actress Danielle Fishel of TV's Boy Meets World throughout 1999 and 2000.", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "To date no such project has been developed or aired. In 2008, Bass co-produced The Grand, and Bass's company is reported to be developing a music docudrama about the life of rock bands on tour. In October 2011, Bass debuted his own boy band called Heart2Heart. In August 2013, Bass became an executive producer of the documentary film Kidnapped for Christ along with Mike C. Manning.", "In 2015, Bass joined season two of The Meredith Vieira Show as a full-time contributing panelist. Bass and his mother competed in 2017 with other duos in the FOX reality cooking series My Kitchen Rules, and were the runners-up. Dancing with the Stars Bass was a contestant on season 7 of Dancing with the Stars, and was paired with swing dance champ Lacey Schwimmer. Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson." ]

[ "Bass's favorite music bands are Aerosmith, the Goo Goo Dolls, and Journey, and his favorite actress is Lucille Ball, whom he grew up watching on I Love Lucy re-runs. He is a self-described \"huge Dr. Seuss fan\", devoting an entire room in his Jackson, Mississippi estate to Seuss memorabilia. Bass has said he is a Christian and that he regularly attends church, though he considers himself to be non-denominational. He is the godfather of former bandmate Joey Fatone's daughters, Briahna and Kloey.", "From August 2007 to March 2008, Bass dated New York-based hairdresser Ben Thigpen. After a year and a half of dating, Bass became engaged to Michael Turchin in September 2013. Bass and Turchin married on December 20, 2014, in Los Angeles. In a 2006 interview, Bass said he has Attention-Deficit Disorder. Bass's favorite music bands are Aerosmith, the Goo Goo Dolls, and Journey, and his favorite actress is Lucille Ball, whom he grew up watching on I Love Lucy re-runs.", "When Bass was 11 years old, his father was transferred to a different hospital, and the family moved to Clinton, Mississippi. Bass began singing in his Baptist church choir, and was encouraged to audition for local performance groups by his childhood best friend, Darren Dale, the youngest child of former longtime Mississippi Insurance Commissioner George Dale.", "In 2015, Bass joined season two of The Meredith Vieira Show as a full-time contributing panelist. Bass and his mother competed in 2017 with other duos in the FOX reality cooking series My Kitchen Rules, and were the runners-up. Dancing with the Stars Bass was a contestant on season 7 of Dancing with the Stars, and was paired with swing dance champ Lacey Schwimmer. Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson.", "The ceremonial event was filmed and televised in a special E! presentation: Lance Loves Michael: The Lance Bass Wedding that aired on February 5, 2015. Bass and Turchin were the first same-sex couple to exchange vows on cable television. After four years of marriage, the couple decided to extend their family and have a child with the help of a surrogate. In March 2020, Bass announced the couple had lost a baby via the surrogate having a miscarriage at eight weeks.", "Bass played Kevin, a man who falls in love with a woman on a Chicago train and begins a search to find her again. The film was produced by Bass's production company, A Happy Place (later renamed Bacon & Eggs), and featured appearances by Jerry Stiller, Al Green, Bon Jovi guitarist Richie Sambora, former WWE wrestler Chyna, and Bass's bandmates Timberlake, Kirkpatrick and Fatone, the latter in a major role.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "Bass made an appearance in the 2008 film Tropic Thunder. As a guest star in the 2013 Gravity Falls episode \"Boyz Crazy\", Bass plays in the boy band, Sev'ral Timez (which is a parody of NSYNC). In 2014, Bass guest starred on an episode of the Comedy Central series, Review, in which he visited space along with the show's lead character. In 2015, Bass joined season two of The Meredith Vieira Show as a full-time contributing panelist.", "He is the godfather of former bandmate Joey Fatone's daughters, Briahna and Kloey. Bass and Fatone are best friends. Sexual orientation Bass came out as gay in a cover story for People magazine on July 26, 2006. There had been considerable media speculation about his orientation due to numerous paparazzi snapshots of him at gay bars and nightclubs, most notably during the preceding Independence Day weekend in Provincetown, Massachusetts." ]

[ "Bass has also been involved in fundraising for the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. Discography NSYNC 'N Sync (1997) No Strings Attached (2000) Celebrity (2001) Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Official Official website Biographical or discographical </ref> https://pagesix.com/2021/10/15/lance-bass-and-husband-michael-turchin-welcome-twins/ 1979 births 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American singers American basses Living people People from Laurel, Mississippi American child singers American male dancers American male film actors American film producers American memoirists American male pop singers American male musical theatre actors American television producers American male voice actors American male video game actors Baptists from Mississippi American gay actors American gay musicians American gay writers LGBT dancers LGBT memoirists LGBT people from Mississippi LGBT producers LGBT Protestants LGBT rights activists from the United States LGBT singers from the United States Male actors from Mississippi Singers from Mississippi NSYNC members Participants in American reality television series People from Clinton, Mississippi People from Ellisville, Mississippi Space advocates Dancers from Mississippi Space tourists 20th-century LGBT people 21st-century LGBT people", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014. Radio Bass hosted Dirty Pop with Lance Bass, a daily evening drive time radio show focusing on pop culture and entertainment news on OutQ, an LGBT-geared station on Sirius XM. Bass was also the host of the weekly \"Pop2Kountdown\" on Pop2K, which counts down the 30 biggest hits from that week from a different year in the 2000s. Personal life Bass dated actress Danielle Fishel of TV's Boy Meets World throughout 1999 and 2000.", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "In 2007, Bass said he had faith Timberlake would return after six months off to record another album with NSYNC, and that he felt betrayed by Timberlake's 2004 decision to pursue his solo career instead. Bass has also said he has little hope for a reunion since Timberlake has \"made it clear that he wouldn't be interested in discussing another album any time soon.\"", "I don't hate him at all. I don't hate him at all. And I understand what he was going through, and it was as hard for him as it was for any of us.\" Free Lance Entertainment In 2000, Bass formed a music management company named Free Lance Entertainment, which was a joint venture with Mercury Nashville, a division of Mercury Records.", "In July 2006, Bass came out as gay in a cover story for People magazine. He was awarded the Human Rights Campaign Visibility Award in October 2006, and released an autobiography, Out of Sync, in October 2007, which debuted on the New York Times Best Seller list. Early life and education James Lance Bass was born in Laurel, Mississippi, to James Irvin Bass Jr., a medical technologist, and Diane (née Pulliam), a middle school mathematics, English, and career discovery teacher.", "Career Music Bass's music career has consisted primarily of his singing with NSYNC and running a small management company. NSYNC In 1995, during his junior year of high school, Bass received a call from Justin Timberlake and his mother, Lynn Harless, who asked Bass if he would be interested in auditioning for the pop group NSYNC after the group's original bass singer, Jason Galasso, had quit." ]

[ "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "However, Free Lance soon folded after disappointing sales of Edwards's debut album, Reach. Acting Film, television and theater Bass guest-starred on the WB drama series 7th Heaven, playing Rick Palmer, a love interest for Beverley Mitchell's character, Lucy. The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line.", "The film also featured a soundtrack which included previously unreleased songs by NSYNC and Britney Spears. Bass collaborated with Joey Fatone, Mandy Moore, Christian Burns and True Vibe (as the \"On The Line Allstars\") for the film's theme song, \"On The Line\". Despite heavy marketing towards NSYNC teen fans, the film was a commercial failure, grossing only US$4.2 million domestically despite its $10-million budget. The film, along with Bass's acting, was also poorly received by critics.", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014. Radio Bass hosted Dirty Pop with Lance Bass, a daily evening drive time radio show focusing on pop culture and entertainment news on OutQ, an LGBT-geared station on Sirius XM. Bass was also the host of the weekly \"Pop2Kountdown\" on Pop2K, which counts down the 30 biggest hits from that week from a different year in the 2000s. Personal life Bass dated actress Danielle Fishel of TV's Boy Meets World throughout 1999 and 2000.", "Bass has also been involved in fundraising for the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. Discography NSYNC 'N Sync (1997) No Strings Attached (2000) Celebrity (2001) Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Official Official website Biographical or discographical </ref> https://pagesix.com/2021/10/15/lance-bass-and-husband-michael-turchin-welcome-twins/ 1979 births 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American singers American basses Living people People from Laurel, Mississippi American child singers American male dancers American male film actors American film producers American memoirists American male pop singers American male musical theatre actors American television producers American male voice actors American male video game actors Baptists from Mississippi American gay actors American gay musicians American gay writers LGBT dancers LGBT memoirists LGBT people from Mississippi LGBT producers LGBT Protestants LGBT rights activists from the United States LGBT singers from the United States Male actors from Mississippi Singers from Mississippi NSYNC members Participants in American reality television series People from Clinton, Mississippi People from Ellisville, Mississippi Space advocates Dancers from Mississippi Space tourists 20th-century LGBT people 21st-century LGBT people", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "I don't hate him at all. I don't hate him at all. And I understand what he was going through, and it was as hard for him as it was for any of us.\" Free Lance Entertainment In 2000, Bass formed a music management company named Free Lance Entertainment, which was a joint venture with Mercury Nashville, a division of Mercury Records." ]

[ "However, Free Lance soon folded after disappointing sales of Edwards's debut album, Reach. Acting Film, television and theater Bass guest-starred on the WB drama series 7th Heaven, playing Rick Palmer, a love interest for Beverley Mitchell's character, Lucy. The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line.", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "This too received mostly negative reviews. This too received mostly negative reviews. Bass later formed a separate production company named Lance Bass Productions. On May 14, 2007, Brian Graden announced that Lance Bass Productions would be working with the Logo network in executive producing a reality television show about the music business. It was reported that the show will focus on the creation and development of an all-gay boy band. To date no such project has been developed or aired.", "The film also featured a soundtrack which included previously unreleased songs by NSYNC and Britney Spears. Bass collaborated with Joey Fatone, Mandy Moore, Christian Burns and True Vibe (as the \"On The Line Allstars\") for the film's theme song, \"On The Line\". Despite heavy marketing towards NSYNC teen fans, the film was a commercial failure, grossing only US$4.2 million domestically despite its $10-million budget. The film, along with Bass's acting, was also poorly received by critics.", "I don't hate him at all. I don't hate him at all. And I understand what he was going through, and it was as hard for him as it was for any of us.\" Free Lance Entertainment In 2000, Bass formed a music management company named Free Lance Entertainment, which was a joint venture with Mercury Nashville, a division of Mercury Records.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "The girl, who was an NSYNC fan, learned of Bass' lifelong dream of space travel when she read it online via an MTV forum. Lena Banks spoke to Lance Bass's management who then went to him with the proposal. \"At first he thought we were joking,\" Lena Banks remarks. \"I assured him it was for real; he accepted and we moved forward with the project.\"" ]

[ "The film also featured a soundtrack which included previously unreleased songs by NSYNC and Britney Spears. Bass collaborated with Joey Fatone, Mandy Moore, Christian Burns and True Vibe (as the \"On The Line Allstars\") for the film's theme song, \"On The Line\". Despite heavy marketing towards NSYNC teen fans, the film was a commercial failure, grossing only US$4.2 million domestically despite its $10-million budget. The film, along with Bass's acting, was also poorly received by critics.", "The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line. Bass played Kevin, a man who falls in love with a woman on a Chicago train and begins a search to find her again.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line. After On The Line, A Happy Place changed its name to Bacon & Eggs and produced its second feature film, Lovewrecked, in 2005. The film debuted on the ABC Family Channel in January 2007, and starred Amanda Bynes, Chris Carmack and Jamie-Lynn Sigler, with Bass in a minor role. This too received mostly negative reviews.", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "In his 2007 autobiography, Bass wrote, \"That was it our film was finished... once the country went to war, there was no way our film was going to be on anyone's top-priority list.\" After On The Line, Bass appeared in Zoolander and Wes Craven's Cursed as himself, and played a wedding singer in I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry. Bass has also lent his voice to several animated television programs, such as Robot Chicken and Disney's Kim Possible, Handy Manny and Higglytown Heroes.", "In August 2013, Bass became an executive producer of the documentary film Kidnapped for Christ along with Mike C. Manning. The film sheds light on controversial behavior modification methods used on children, sent there by their parents, at an Evangelical Christian reform school in the Dominican Republic. The film was sold to Showtime, to be released on television July 10, 2014.", "However, Free Lance soon folded after disappointing sales of Edwards's debut album, Reach. Acting Film, television and theater Bass guest-starred on the WB drama series 7th Heaven, playing Rick Palmer, a love interest for Beverley Mitchell's character, Lucy. The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line." ]

[ "The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line. Bass played Kevin, a man who falls in love with a woman on a Chicago train and begins a search to find her again.", "The film also featured a soundtrack which included previously unreleased songs by NSYNC and Britney Spears. Bass collaborated with Joey Fatone, Mandy Moore, Christian Burns and True Vibe (as the \"On The Line Allstars\") for the film's theme song, \"On The Line\". Despite heavy marketing towards NSYNC teen fans, the film was a commercial failure, grossing only US$4.2 million domestically despite its $10-million budget. The film, along with Bass's acting, was also poorly received by critics.", "James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer. He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC. NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television. He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "However, Free Lance soon folded after disappointing sales of Edwards's debut album, Reach. Acting Film, television and theater Bass guest-starred on the WB drama series 7th Heaven, playing Rick Palmer, a love interest for Beverley Mitchell's character, Lucy. The following year, while NSYNC was in the midst of recording Celebrity, Bass received his first starring role in the 2001 motion picture On The Line.", "He starred in the 2001 film On the Line, which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced. Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records. After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in a much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "Bass and Schwimmer reached the grand finale in competition with Brooke Burke partnering with Derek Hough and Warren Sapp partnering with Kym Johnson. Lance Bass finished in third place with the title going to Burke. Production In January 2001, Bass formed his first film production company, A Happy Place, with film producers Rich Hull, Wendy Thorlakson and Joe Anderson. The company was geared towards family-friendly films, and received the Movieguide award for \"Excellence in Family-Oriented Programming\" for its first feature film, On the Line.", "Bass has also been involved in fundraising for the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network. Discography NSYNC 'N Sync (1997) No Strings Attached (2000) Celebrity (2001) Filmography Film Television Video games References External links Official Official website Biographical or discographical </ref> https://pagesix.com/2021/10/15/lance-bass-and-husband-michael-turchin-welcome-twins/ 1979 births 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American singers American basses Living people People from Laurel, Mississippi American child singers American male dancers American male film actors American film producers American memoirists American male pop singers American male musical theatre actors American television producers American male voice actors American male video game actors Baptists from Mississippi American gay actors American gay musicians American gay writers LGBT dancers LGBT memoirists LGBT people from Mississippi LGBT producers LGBT Protestants LGBT rights activists from the United States LGBT singers from the United States Male actors from Mississippi Singers from Mississippi NSYNC members Participants in American reality television series People from Clinton, Mississippi People from Ellisville, Mississippi Space advocates Dancers from Mississippi Space tourists 20th-century LGBT people 21st-century LGBT people", "In his 2007 autobiography, Bass wrote, \"That was it our film was finished... once the country went to war, there was no way our film was going to be on anyone's top-priority list.\" After On The Line, Bass appeared in Zoolander and Wes Craven's Cursed as himself, and played a wedding singer in I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry. Bass has also lent his voice to several animated television programs, such as Robot Chicken and Disney's Kim Possible, Handy Manny and Higglytown Heroes.", "Bass's publicist, Ken Sunshine, chose to release the story exclusively to People magazine, who bumped actor Johnny Depp off that week's cover in favor of Bass. In his coming out interview, Bass stated, Bass's announcement received a large amount of media attention. The American public's reaction was generally positive, with Bass receiving \"overwhelming support\" from many teenagers and young adults who grew up listening to 'N Sync." ]

[ "These small objects came to be known as \"toys\", and their manufacturers as \"toymakers\". Boulton was a descendant of families from around Lichfield, his great-great-great-great grandfather, Rev. Zachary Babington, having been Chancellor of Lichfield. Boulton's father, also named Matthew and born in 1700, moved to Birmingham from Lichfield to serve an apprenticeship, and in 1723 he married Christiana Piers. The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles.", "On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right. They lived briefly with the bride's mother in Lichfield, and then moved to Birmingham, where the elder Matthew Boulton made his son a partner at the age of 21. Though the son signed business letters \"from father and self\", by the mid-1750s he was effectively running the business. The elder Boulton retired in 1757 and died in 1759.", "As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham. At the age of 15 he left school, and by 17 he had invented a technique for inlaying enamels in buckles that proved so popular that the buckles were exported to France, then reimported to Britain and billed as the latest French developments. On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right.", "Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives. His eldest son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, broadly educated and also a man of science, gained some fame posthumously for his invention of the important aeronautical flight control, the aileron. As his father before him, he also had two wives and six children. Innovator Expansion of the business After the death of his father in 1759, Boulton took full control of the family toymaking business. He spent much of his time in London and elsewhere, promoting his wares.", "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "He is recognised by blue plaques at his Steelhouse Lane birthplace and at Soho House. A gilded bronze statue of Boulton, Watt and Murdoch (1956) by William Bloye stands opposite Centenary Square in central Birmingham. Matthew Boulton College was named in his honour in 1957. The two-hundredth anniversary of his death, in 2009, resulted in a number of tributes. Birmingham City Council promoted \"a year long festival celebrating the life, work and legacy of Matthew Boulton\".", "He supported the local militia, providing money for weapons. In 1794 he was elected High Sheriff of Staffordshire, his county of residence. Besides seeking to improve local life, Boulton took an interest in world affairs.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment." ]

[ "The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles. Matthew Boulton was born in 1728, their third child and the second of that name, the first Matthew having died at the age of two in 1726. Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses.", "Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses. As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham.", "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "These small objects came to be known as \"toys\", and their manufacturers as \"toymakers\". Boulton was a descendant of families from around Lichfield, his great-great-great-great grandfather, Rev. Zachary Babington, having been Chancellor of Lichfield. Boulton's father, also named Matthew and born in 1700, moved to Birmingham from Lichfield to serve an apprenticeship, and in 1723 he married Christiana Piers. The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles.", "On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right. They lived briefly with the bride's mother in Lichfield, and then moved to Birmingham, where the elder Matthew Boulton made his son a partner at the age of 21. Though the son signed business letters \"from father and self\", by the mid-1750s he was effectively running the business. The elder Boulton retired in 1757 and died in 1759.", "Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives. His eldest son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, broadly educated and also a man of science, gained some fame posthumously for his invention of the important aeronautical flight control, the aileron. As his father before him, he also had two wives and six children. Innovator Expansion of the business After the death of his father in 1759, Boulton took full control of the family toymaking business. He spent much of his time in London and elsewhere, promoting his wares.", "As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham. At the age of 15 he left school, and by 17 he had invented a technique for inlaying enamels in buckles that proved so popular that the buckles were exported to France, then reimported to Britain and billed as the latest French developments. On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right.", "Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family. He wrote to his wife in January 1780, Nothing could in the least palliate this long, this cold, this very distant separation from my dearest wife and children but the certain knowledge that I am preparing for their ease, happiness and prosperity, and when that is the prise, I know no hardships that I would not encounter with, to obtain it.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment.", "His associate and fellow Lunar Society member James Keir eulogised him after his death: Mr. [Boulton] is proof of how much scientific knowledge may be acquired without much regular study, by means of a quick & just apprehension, much practical application, and nice mechanical feelings. He had very correct notions of the several branches of natural philosophy, was master of every metallic art & possessed all the chemistry that had any relations to the object of his various manufactures. Electricity and astronomy were at one time among his favourite amusements." ]

[ "Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses. As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham.", "The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles. Matthew Boulton was born in 1728, their third child and the second of that name, the first Matthew having died at the age of two in 1726. Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses.", "These small objects came to be known as \"toys\", and their manufacturers as \"toymakers\". Boulton was a descendant of families from around Lichfield, his great-great-great-great grandfather, Rev. Zachary Babington, having been Chancellor of Lichfield. Boulton's father, also named Matthew and born in 1700, moved to Birmingham from Lichfield to serve an apprenticeship, and in 1723 he married Christiana Piers. The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles.", "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right. They lived briefly with the bride's mother in Lichfield, and then moved to Birmingham, where the elder Matthew Boulton made his son a partner at the age of 21. Though the son signed business letters \"from father and self\", by the mid-1750s he was effectively running the business. The elder Boulton retired in 1757 and died in 1759.", "Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives. His eldest son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, broadly educated and also a man of science, gained some fame posthumously for his invention of the important aeronautical flight control, the aileron. As his father before him, he also had two wives and six children. Innovator Expansion of the business After the death of his father in 1759, Boulton took full control of the family toymaking business. He spent much of his time in London and elsewhere, promoting his wares.", "He supported the local militia, providing money for weapons. In 1794 he was elected High Sheriff of Staffordshire, his county of residence. Besides seeking to improve local life, Boulton took an interest in world affairs.", "Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family. He wrote to his wife in January 1780, Nothing could in the least palliate this long, this cold, this very distant separation from my dearest wife and children but the certain knowledge that I am preparing for their ease, happiness and prosperity, and when that is the prise, I know no hardships that I would not encounter with, to obtain it.", "Its members were brilliant representatives of the informal scientific web which cut across class, blending the inherited skills of craftsmen with the theoretical advances of scholars, a key factor in Britain's leap ahead of the rest of Europe. Community work Boulton was widely involved in civic activities in Birmingham. His friend Dr John Ash had long sought to build a hospital in the town. A great fan of the music of Handel, Boulton conceived of the idea to hold a music festival in Birmingham to raise funds for the hospital." ]

[ "Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses. As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham.", "His associate and fellow Lunar Society member James Keir eulogised him after his death: Mr. [Boulton] is proof of how much scientific knowledge may be acquired without much regular study, by means of a quick & just apprehension, much practical application, and nice mechanical feelings. He had very correct notions of the several branches of natural philosophy, was master of every metallic art & possessed all the chemistry that had any relations to the object of his various manufactures. Electricity and astronomy were at one time among his favourite amusements.", "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "On 3 March 1749 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and the daughter of a successful mercer, and wealthy in her own right. They lived briefly with the bride's mother in Lichfield, and then moved to Birmingham, where the elder Matthew Boulton made his son a partner at the age of 21. Though the son signed business letters \"from father and self\", by the mid-1750s he was effectively running the business. The elder Boulton retired in 1757 and died in 1759.", "He has conducted the whole more like a sovereign than a private manufacturer; and the love of fame has always been to him a greater stimulus than the love of gain. Yet it is to be hoped that, even in the latter point of view, the enterprise answered its purpose. Activities and views Scientific studies and the Lunar Society Boulton never had any formal schooling in science.", "Activities and views Scientific studies and the Lunar Society Boulton never had any formal schooling in science. His associate and fellow Lunar Society member James Keir eulogised him after his death: Mr. [Boulton] is proof of how much scientific knowledge may be acquired without much regular study, by means of a quick & just apprehension, much practical application, and nice mechanical feelings.", "The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles. Matthew Boulton was born in 1728, their third child and the second of that name, the first Matthew having died at the age of two in 1726. Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses.", "Its members were brilliant representatives of the informal scientific web which cut across class, blending the inherited skills of craftsmen with the theoretical advances of scholars, a key factor in Britain's leap ahead of the rest of Europe. Community work Boulton was widely involved in civic activities in Birmingham. His friend Dr John Ash had long sought to build a hospital in the town. A great fan of the music of Handel, Boulton conceived of the idea to hold a music festival in Birmingham to raise funds for the hospital.", "He is recognised by blue plaques at his Steelhouse Lane birthplace and at Soho House. A gilded bronze statue of Boulton, Watt and Murdoch (1956) by William Bloye stands opposite Centenary Square in central Birmingham. Matthew Boulton College was named in his honour in 1957. The two-hundredth anniversary of his death, in 2009, resulted in a number of tributes. Birmingham City Council promoted \"a year long festival celebrating the life, work and legacy of Matthew Boulton\"." ]

[ "Not all of Boulton's innovations proved successful. Not all of Boulton's innovations proved successful. Together with painter Francis Eginton, he created a process for the mechanical reproduction of paintings for middle-class homes, but eventually abandoned the procedure. Boulton and James Keir produced an alloy called \"Eldorado metal\" that they claimed would not corrode in water and could be used for sheathing wooden ships. After sea trials the Admiralty rejected their claims, and the metal was used for fanlights and sash windows at Soho House.", "Among Boulton's most successful products were mounts for small Wedgwood products such as plaques, cameo brooches and buttons in the distinctive ceramics, notably jasper ware, for which Wedgwood's firm remains well known. The mounts of these articles, many of which have survived, were made of ormolu or cut steel, which had a jewel-like gleam.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment.", "The partners' means were not equal to the total costs, which were met only by heavy borrowing and by artful management of creditors. Among the products Boulton sought to make in his new facility were sterling silver plate for those able to afford it, and Sheffield plate, silver-plated copper, for those less well off. Boulton and his father had long made small silver items, but there is no record of large items in either silver or Sheffield plate being made in Birmingham before Boulton did so.", "In 1779 the firm hired engineer William Murdoch, who was able to take over the management of most of the on-site installation problems, allowing Watt and Boulton to remain in Birmingham. The pumping engine for use in mines was a great success. In 1782 the firm sought to modify Watt's invention so that the engine had a rotary motion, making it suitable for use in mills and factories.", "Boulton and his father had long made small silver items, but there is no record of large items in either silver or Sheffield plate being made in Birmingham before Boulton did so. To make items such as candlesticks more cheaply than the London competition, the firm made many items out of thin, die-stamped sections, which were shaped and joined together. One impediment to Boulton's work was the lack of an assay office in Birmingham.", "Boulton attempted to have the theatre recognised as a patent theatre with a Royal Patent, entitled to present serious drama; he failed in 1779 but succeeded in 1807. He also supported Birmingham's Oratorio Choral Society, and collaborated with button maker and amateur musical promoter Joseph Moore to put on a series of private concerts in 1799. He maintained a pew at St Paul's Church, Birmingham, a centre of musical excellence.", "Boulton obliterated the old design in his restriking. Boulton obliterated the old design in his restriking. Though Boulton was not as successful in defeating counterfeiters as he hoped (high quality fakes arrived at the Bank's offices within days of the issuance), these coins circulated until the Royal Mint again struck large quantities of silver coin in 1816, when Boulton's were withdrawn. He oversaw the final issue of his coppers for Britain in 1806, and a major issue of coppers to circulate only in Ireland.", "In 1782 the firm sought to modify Watt's invention so that the engine had a rotary motion, making it suitable for use in mills and factories. On a 1781 visit to Wales Boulton had seen a powerful copper-rolling mill driven by water, and when told it was often inoperable in the summer due to drought suggested that a steam engine would remedy that defect." ]

[ "Not all of Boulton's innovations proved successful. Not all of Boulton's innovations proved successful. Together with painter Francis Eginton, he created a process for the mechanical reproduction of paintings for middle-class homes, but eventually abandoned the procedure. Boulton and James Keir produced an alloy called \"Eldorado metal\" that they claimed would not corrode in water and could be used for sheathing wooden ships. After sea trials the Admiralty rejected their claims, and the metal was used for fanlights and sash windows at Soho House.", "Among Boulton's most successful products were mounts for small Wedgwood products such as plaques, cameo brooches and buttons in the distinctive ceramics, notably jasper ware, for which Wedgwood's firm remains well known. The mounts of these articles, many of which have survived, were made of ormolu or cut steel, which had a jewel-like gleam.", "The partners' means were not equal to the total costs, which were met only by heavy borrowing and by artful management of creditors. Among the products Boulton sought to make in his new facility were sterling silver plate for those able to afford it, and Sheffield plate, silver-plated copper, for those less well off. Boulton and his father had long made small silver items, but there is no record of large items in either silver or Sheffield plate being made in Birmingham before Boulton did so.", "Much of the iron was forged in small foundries near Birmingham, especially in the Black Country, including nearby towns such as Smethwick and West Bromwich. The resultant thin iron sheets were transported to factories in and around Birmingham. With the town far from the sea and great rivers and with canals not yet built, metalworkers concentrated on producing small, relatively valuable pieces, especially buttons and buckles.", "The mounts of these articles, many of which have survived, were made of ormolu or cut steel, which had a jewel-like gleam. Boulton and Wedgwood were friends, alternately co-operating and competing, and Wedgwood wrote of Boulton, \"It doubles my courage to have the first Manufacturer in England to encounter with—The match likes me well—I like the Man, I like his spirit.\"", "Boulton and his father had long made small silver items, but there is no record of large items in either silver or Sheffield plate being made in Birmingham before Boulton did so. To make items such as candlesticks more cheaply than the London competition, the firm made many items out of thin, die-stamped sections, which were shaped and joined together. One impediment to Boulton's work was the lack of an assay office in Birmingham.", "Boulton was awarded additional contracts in 1799 and 1806, each for the lower three copper denominations. Though the cartwheel design was used again for the 1799 penny (struck with the date 1797), all other strikings used lighter planchets to reflect the rise in the price of copper, and featured more conventional designs. Boulton greatly reduced the counterfeiting problem by adding lines to the coin edges, and striking slightly concave planchets.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment.", "In 1779 the firm hired engineer William Murdoch, who was able to take over the management of most of the on-site installation problems, allowing Watt and Boulton to remain in Birmingham. The pumping engine for use in mines was a great success. In 1782 the firm sought to modify Watt's invention so that the engine had a rotary motion, making it suitable for use in mills and factories." ]

[ "The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles. Matthew Boulton was born in 1728, their third child and the second of that name, the first Matthew having died at the age of two in 1726. Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses.", "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses. As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham.", "Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives. His eldest son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, broadly educated and also a man of science, gained some fame posthumously for his invention of the important aeronautical flight control, the aileron. As his father before him, he also had two wives and six children. Innovator Expansion of the business After the death of his father in 1759, Boulton took full control of the family toymaking business. He spent much of his time in London and elsewhere, promoting his wares.", "These small objects came to be known as \"toys\", and their manufacturers as \"toymakers\". Boulton was a descendant of families from around Lichfield, his great-great-great-great grandfather, Rev. Zachary Babington, having been Chancellor of Lichfield. Boulton's father, also named Matthew and born in 1700, moved to Birmingham from Lichfield to serve an apprenticeship, and in 1723 he married Christiana Piers. The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles.", "Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family. He wrote to his wife in January 1780, Nothing could in the least palliate this long, this cold, this very distant separation from my dearest wife and children but the certain knowledge that I am preparing for their ease, happiness and prosperity, and when that is the prise, I know no hardships that I would not encounter with, to obtain it.", "With capital accumulated from his two marriages and his inheritance from his father, Boulton sought a larger site to expand his business. In 1761 he leased at Soho, then just in Staffordshire, with a residence, Soho House, and a rolling mill. Soho House was at first occupied by Boulton relatives, and then by his first partner, John Fothergill. In 1766 Boulton required Fothergill to vacate Soho House, and lived there himself with his family.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment." ]

[ "Family and later life, death, and memorials When Boulton was widowed in 1783 he was left with the care of his two teenage children. Neither his son Matthew Robinson Boulton nor his daughter Anne enjoyed robust health; the younger Matthew was often ill and was a poor student who was shuttled from school to school until he joined his father's business in 1790; Anne suffered from a diseased leg that prevented her from enjoying a full life. Despite his lengthy absences on business, Boulton cared deeply for his family.", "The elder Boulton retired in 1757 and died in 1759. The Boultons had three daughters in the early 1750s, but all died in infancy. Mary Boulton's health deteriorated, and she died in August 1759. Not long after her death Boulton began to woo her sister Anne. Marriage with a deceased wife's sister was forbidden by ecclesiastical law, though permitted by common law. Nonetheless, they married on 25 June 1760 at St. Mary's Church, Rotherhithe.", "Nonetheless, they married on 25 June 1760 at St. Mary's Church, Rotherhithe. Eric Delieb, who wrote a book on Boulton's silver, with a biographical sketch, suggests that the marriage celebrant, Rev. James Penfold, an impoverished curate, was probably bribed.", "Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives. His eldest son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, broadly educated and also a man of science, gained some fame posthumously for his invention of the important aeronautical flight control, the aileron. As his father before him, he also had two wives and six children. Innovator Expansion of the business After the death of his father in 1759, Boulton took full control of the family toymaking business. He spent much of his time in London and elsewhere, promoting his wares.", "I recommend silence, secrecy, and Scotland.\" I recommend silence, secrecy, and Scotland.\" The union was opposed by Anne's brother Luke, who feared Boulton would control (and possibly dissipate) much of the Robinson family fortune. In 1764 Luke Robinson died, and his estate passed to his sister Anne and thus into Matthew Boulton's control. The Boultons had two children, Matthew Robinson Boulton and Anne Boulton. Matthew Robinson in turn had six children with two wives.", "The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles. Matthew Boulton was born in 1728, their third child and the second of that name, the first Matthew having died at the age of two in 1726. Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses.", "Early and family life The elder Boulton's business prospered after young Matthew's birth, and the family moved to the Snow Hill area of Birmingham, then a well-to-do neighbourhood of new houses. As the local grammar school was in disrepair Boulton was sent to an academy in Deritend, on the other side of Birmingham.", "These small objects came to be known as \"toys\", and their manufacturers as \"toymakers\". Boulton was a descendant of families from around Lichfield, his great-great-great-great grandfather, Rev. Zachary Babington, having been Chancellor of Lichfield. Boulton's father, also named Matthew and born in 1700, moved to Birmingham from Lichfield to serve an apprenticeship, and in 1723 he married Christiana Piers. The elder Boulton was a toymaker with a small workshop specialising in buckles." ]

[ "His associate and fellow Lunar Society member James Keir eulogised him after his death: Mr. [Boulton] is proof of how much scientific knowledge may be acquired without much regular study, by means of a quick & just apprehension, much practical application, and nice mechanical feelings. He had very correct notions of the several branches of natural philosophy, was master of every metallic art & possessed all the chemistry that had any relations to the object of his various manufactures. Electricity and astronomy were at one time among his favourite amusements.", "Matthew Boulton (; 3 September 172817 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt. In the final quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines, which were a great advance on the state of the art, making possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment.", "Boulton offered to strike new coins at a cost \"not exceeding half the expense which the common copper coin hath always cost at his Majesty's Mint\". He wrote to his friend, Sir Joseph Banks, describing the advantages of his coinage presses: It will coin much faster, with greater ease, with fewer persons, for less expense, and more beautiful than any other machinery ever used for coining ... Can lay the pieces or blanks upon the die quite true and without care or practice and as fast as wanted.", "Its members were brilliant representatives of the informal scientific web which cut across class, blending the inherited skills of craftsmen with the theoretical advances of scholars, a key factor in Britain's leap ahead of the rest of Europe. Community work Boulton was widely involved in civic activities in Birmingham. His friend Dr John Ash had long sought to build a hospital in the town. A great fan of the music of Handel, Boulton conceived of the idea to hold a music festival in Birmingham to raise funds for the hospital.", "In 1782 the firm sought to modify Watt's invention so that the engine had a rotary motion, making it suitable for use in mills and factories. On a 1781 visit to Wales Boulton had seen a powerful copper-rolling mill driven by water, and when told it was often inoperable in the summer due to drought suggested that a steam engine would remedy that defect.", "Despite time constraints imposed on him by the expansion of his business, Boulton continued his \"philosophical\" work (as scientific experimentation was then called). He wrote in his notebooks observations on the freezing and boiling point of mercury, on people's pulse rates at different ages, on the movements of the planets, and on how to make sealing wax and disappearing ink.", "Boulton founded the Soho Mint, to which he soon adapted steam power. He sought to improve the poor state of Britain's coinage, and after several years of effort obtained a contract in 1797 to produce the first British copper coinage in a quarter century. His \"cartwheel\" pieces were well-designed and difficult to counterfeit, and included the first striking of the large copper British penny, which continued to be coined until decimalisation in 1971. He retired in 1800, though continuing to run his mint, and died in 1809.", "Boulton and Wedgwood were friends, alternately co-operating and competing, and Wedgwood wrote of Boulton, \"It doubles my courage to have the first Manufacturer in England to encounter with—The match likes me well—I like the Man, I like his spirit.\" In the 1770s Boulton introduced an insurance system for his workers that served as the model for later schemes, allowing his workers compensation in the event of injury or illness.", "On 17 October 2014 a bronze memorial plaque to Boulton was unveiled in the Chapel of St Paul, Westminster Abbey, beside the plaque to his business partner James Watt. Notes Explanatory notes Citations References Further reading External links Matthew Boulton Bicentenary Celebrations 2009 on Birmingham Assay Office's website Archives at Birmingham Central Library Revolutionary Players website Cornwall Record Office Boulton & Watt letters Soho Mint website, celebrating Matthew Boulton, his mint and its products Soho House Museum, Matthew Boulton's home from 1766 till his death in 1809, became a Museum in 1995 1728 births 1809 deaths 18th-century British engineers 18th-century British inventors English business theorists English engineers English silversmiths Fellows of the Royal Society Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh High Sheriffs of Staffordshire Industrial Revolution in England Members of the Lunar Society of Birmingham People from Birmingham, West Midlands People of the Industrial Revolution British businesspeople in retailing", "In 1769 Watt patented an engine with the innovation of a separate condenser, making it far more efficient than earlier engines. Boulton realised not only that this engine could power his manufactory, but also that its production might be a profitable business venture. After receiving the patent, Watt did little to develop the engine into a marketable invention, turning to other work." ]

[ "In previous tours, Rubinstein had played primarily his own works. At the behest of the Steinway & Sons piano company, Rubinstein toured the United States during the 1872–73 season. Steinway's contract with Rubinstein called on him to give 200 concerts at the then unheard-of rate of 200 dollars per concert (payable in gold—Rubinstein distrusted both United States banks and United States paper money), plus all expenses paid. Rubinstein stayed in America 239 days, giving 215 concerts—sometimes two and three a day in as many cities.", "He rarely displayed that side of his nature, however. He had learned quickly that audiences came to hear him thunder, so he accommodated them. Rubinstein's forceful playing and powerful temperament made an especially strong impression during his American tour, where playing of this kind had never been heard before. During this tour, Rubinstein received more press attention than any other figure until the appearance of Ignacy Jan Paderewski a generation later. Programs Rubinstein's concert programs were often gargantuan.", "He also played and conducted several of his works, including the Ocean Symphony in its original four-movement form, his Second Piano Concerto and several solo works. It was partly his lack of success on the Russian opera stage that led Rubinstein to consider going abroad once more to secure his reputation as a serious artist. Abroad once more In 1854, Rubinstein began a four-year concert tour of Europe. This was his first major concert tour in a decade.", "There is nothing that is Mendelssohnian, nothing as he used to write formerly.\" The American tour By 1867, ongoing tensions with the Balakirev camp, along with related matters, led to intense dissension within the Conservatory's faculty. Rubinstein resigned and returned to touring throughout Europe. Unlike his previous tours, he began increasingly featuring the works of other composers. In previous tours, Rubinstein had played primarily his own works.", "Although reviews were mixed about Rubinstein's merits as a composer, they were more favorable about him as a performer when he played a solo recital a few weeks later. Rubinstein spent one tour break, in the winter of 1856–57, with Elena Pavlovna and much of the Imperial royal family in Nice. Rubinstein participated in discussions with Elena Pavlova on plans to raise the level of musical education in their homeland; these bore initial fruit with the founding of the Russian Musical Society (RMS) in 1859.", "Rubinstein concluded his American tour with this series, playing the seven recitals over a nine-day period in New York City in May 1873. Rubinstein played this series of historical recitals in Russia and throughout Eastern Europe. In Moscow he gave this series on consecutive Tuesday evenings in the Hall of the Nobility, repeating each concert the following morning in the German Club for the benefit of students, free of charge. Rachmaninoff on Rubinstein Sergei Rachmaninoff first attended Rubinstein's historical concerts as a twelve-year-old piano student.", "Despite his misery, Rubinstein made enough money from his American tour to give him financial security for the rest of his life. Upon his return to Russia, he \"hastened to invest in real estate\", purchasing a dacha in Peterhof, not far from Saint Petersburg, for himself and his family. Later life Rubinstein continued to make tours as a pianist and give appearances as a conductor. In 1887, he returned to the Saint Petersburg Conservatory with the goal of improving overall standards.", "Again, this was all included in one recital. Again, this was all included in one recital. The fourth concert, devoted to Schumann, contained the Fantasy in C, Kreisleriana, Symphonic Studies, Sonata in F sharp minor, a set of short pieces and Carnaval. This did not include encores, which Rubinstein sprayed liberally at every concert. Rubinstein concluded his American tour with this series, playing the seven recitals over a nine-day period in New York City in May 1873." ]

[ "Rubinstein stayed in America 239 days, giving 215 concerts—sometimes two and three a day in as many cities. Rubinstein wrote of his American experience, May Heaven preserve us from such slavery! Under these conditions there is no chance for art—one simply grows into an automaton, performing mechanical work; no dignity remains to the artist; he is lost... The receipts and the success were invariably gratifying, but it was all so tedious that I began to despise myself and my art.", "There is nothing that is Mendelssohnian, nothing as he used to write formerly.\" The American tour By 1867, ongoing tensions with the Balakirev camp, along with related matters, led to intense dissension within the Conservatory's faculty. Rubinstein resigned and returned to touring throughout Europe. Unlike his previous tours, he began increasingly featuring the works of other composers. In previous tours, Rubinstein had played primarily his own works.", "He also played and conducted several of his works, including the Ocean Symphony in its original four-movement form, his Second Piano Concerto and several solo works. It was partly his lack of success on the Russian opera stage that led Rubinstein to consider going abroad once more to secure his reputation as a serious artist. Abroad once more In 1854, Rubinstein began a four-year concert tour of Europe. This was his first major concert tour in a decade.", "Despite his misery, Rubinstein made enough money from his American tour to give him financial security for the rest of his life. Upon his return to Russia, he \"hastened to invest in real estate\", purchasing a dacha in Peterhof, not far from Saint Petersburg, for himself and his family. Later life Rubinstein continued to make tours as a pianist and give appearances as a conductor. In 1887, he returned to the Saint Petersburg Conservatory with the goal of improving overall standards.", "\"Yes, Master, I certainly have.\" \"Yes, Master, I certainly have.\" \"Oh,\" said Rubinstein vaguely, \"I didn't notice.\" ... Rubinstein did not so much instruct me. Merely he let me learn from him ...", "At this point, Rubinstein was living in acute poverty. Liszt did nothing to help him. Other calls Rubinstein made to potential patrons came to no avail. After an unsuccessful year in Vienna and a concert tour of Hungary, he returned to Berlin and continued giving lessons. Back to Russia The Revolution of 1848 forced Rubinstein back to Russia. Spending the next five years mainly in Saint Petersburg, Rubinstein taught, gave concerts and performed frequently at the Imperial court.", "), (in Russian), (Moscow, 1983) External links Networking Rubinstein – his contacts in his early career Soundbites from String Quartet No.1 in G, Op.17 No.1 Anton Rubinstein recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings. 1829 births 1894 deaths 19th-century classical composers 19th-century classical pianists 19th-century conductors (music) 19th-century male conductors (music) Burials at Tikhvin Cemetery Composers for piano Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Judaism Founders of Russian educational institutions Jewish atheists Jewish classical composers Jewish classical pianists Jewish opera composers Male classical pianists Male opera composers People from Baltsky Uyezd People from Rîbnița District Pupils of Siegfried Dehn Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class) Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists Russian atheists Russian classical pianists Russian conductors (music) Russian male conductors (music) Russian Jews Russian male classical composers Russian music educators Russian opera composers Russian Romantic composers", "Rubinstein was a man with an extremely robust constitution and apparently never tired; audiences apparently stimulated his adrenals to the point where he acted like a superman. He had a colossal repertoire and an equally colossal memory until he turned 50, when he began to have memory lapses and had to play from the printed note. Rubinstein was most famous for his series of historical recitals—seven consecutive concerts covering the history of piano music. Each of these programs was enormous.", "Anton was 14 years old; Nikolai was eight. Anton was 14 years old; Nikolai was eight. Travel and performance Berlin In spring 1844, Rubinstein, Nikolai, his mother and his sister Luba travelled to Berlin. Here he met with, and was supported by, Felix Mendelssohn and Giacomo Meyerbeer. Mendelssohn, who had heard Rubinstein when he had toured with Villoing, said he needed no further piano study but sent Nikolai to Theodor Kullak for instruction." ]

[ "Piazza's best season with the Dodgers was 1997, when he hit .362, with 40 home runs, 124 RBI, an on-base percentage of .431, and a slugging percentage of .638. He finished second in NL MVP voting for the second straight year, behind Larry Walker. Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998.", "Michael Joseph Piazza (; born September 4, 1968) is an American former professional baseball catcher who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), from 1992 to 2007, and currently the manager of the Italy national baseball team. He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics.", "Piazza became an excellent hitter, especially for a catcher. His MLB debut came with the Dodgers on September 1, 1992, against the Chicago Cubs. He drew a walk in his first plate appearance and then doubled to deep center field in his first official at-bat, against Mike Harkey of the Cubs. He hit his first home run on September 12, 1992, against Steve Reed of the San Francisco Giants. He only appeared in 21 games that season, hitting .232.", "Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998. Piazza and Todd Zeile went to the Marlins in return for Gary Sheffield, Charles Johnson, Bobby Bonilla, Manuel Barrios, and Jim Eisenreich. He only appeared in five games with the Marlins, where he hit .278. New York Mets One week later, on May 22, Piazza was traded from the Marlins to the New York Mets for Preston Wilson, Ed Yarnall, and Geoff Goetz.", "When the Dodgers—managed by Vince Piazza's childhood friend Tommy Lasorda, the godfather of Mike Piazza's youngest brother, Tommy—visited Philadelphia, Piazza visited the Dodger clubhouse and served as a bat boy in the dugout. Vince Piazza's own hopes of playing baseball had ended at the age of 16 when he left school to support his family. He saw that Mike had potential in the sport, and began encouraging his son to build his arm strength at the age of five.", "Piazza immediately impressed with his ability to hit for power and average. His best year as a Dodger came in 1997 when he batted .362, hit 40 home runs, and had 124 RBI, leading to a runner-up finish in voting for the NL Most Valuable Player Award. In 1998, he was traded to the Marlins and then a week later to the Mets, with whom he spent most of the remainder of his career.", "On August 8, 2006, Piazza played his first game at Shea Stadium since leaving the Mets. Throughout the three-game series, Piazza drew frequent standing ovations from New York fans. It was on par with that of Tom Seaver on his return to pitch at Shea Stadium in 1977 and 1978. Even more telling was during that series, on August 9, he drew a rare curtain call in the opposing park following a home run off Mets pitcher (and former Dodgers and Mets teammate) Pedro Martínez in the 4th inning." ]

[ "Michael Joseph Piazza (; born September 4, 1968) is an American former professional baseball catcher who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), from 1992 to 2007, and currently the manager of the Italy national baseball team. He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics.", "Piazza's best season with the Dodgers was 1997, when he hit .362, with 40 home runs, 124 RBI, an on-base percentage of .431, and a slugging percentage of .638. He finished second in NL MVP voting for the second straight year, behind Larry Walker. Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998.", "Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998. Piazza and Todd Zeile went to the Marlins in return for Gary Sheffield, Charles Johnson, Bobby Bonilla, Manuel Barrios, and Jim Eisenreich. He only appeared in five games with the Marlins, where he hit .278. New York Mets One week later, on May 22, Piazza was traded from the Marlins to the New York Mets for Preston Wilson, Ed Yarnall, and Geoff Goetz.", "Piazza became an excellent hitter, especially for a catcher. His MLB debut came with the Dodgers on September 1, 1992, against the Chicago Cubs. He drew a walk in his first plate appearance and then doubled to deep center field in his first official at-bat, against Mike Harkey of the Cubs. He hit his first home run on September 12, 1992, against Steve Reed of the San Francisco Giants. He only appeared in 21 games that season, hitting .232.", "When the Dodgers—managed by Vince Piazza's childhood friend Tommy Lasorda, the godfather of Mike Piazza's youngest brother, Tommy—visited Philadelphia, Piazza visited the Dodger clubhouse and served as a bat boy in the dugout. Vince Piazza's own hopes of playing baseball had ended at the age of 16 when he left school to support his family. He saw that Mike had potential in the sport, and began encouraging his son to build his arm strength at the age of five.", "A 12-time All-Star and 10-time Silver Slugger Award winner at catcher, Piazza produced strong offensive numbers at his position; in his career, he recorded 427 home runs—a record 396 of which were hit as catcher—along with a .308 batting average and 1,335 runs batted in (RBI). Piazza was drafted by the Dodgers in the 1988 MLB draft as a favor from Tommy Lasorda to Piazza's father. He was the last player selected and signed in his draft class to play in the Major Leagues.", "Mike grew up a Philadelphia Phillies fan, and admiring Hall of Fame third baseman Mike Schmidt. Vince Piazza earned a fortune of more than $100 million in used cars and real estate, and attempted several times to purchase an MLB franchise. When the Dodgers—managed by Vince Piazza's childhood friend Tommy Lasorda, the godfather of Mike Piazza's youngest brother, Tommy—visited Philadelphia, Piazza visited the Dodger clubhouse and served as a bat boy in the dugout.", "Piazza immediately impressed with his ability to hit for power and average. His best year as a Dodger came in 1997 when he batted .362, hit 40 home runs, and had 124 RBI, leading to a runner-up finish in voting for the NL Most Valuable Player Award. In 1998, he was traded to the Marlins and then a week later to the Mets, with whom he spent most of the remainder of his career.", "He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics. A 12-time All-Star and 10-time Silver Slugger Award winner at catcher, Piazza produced strong offensive numbers at his position; in his career, he recorded 427 home runs—a record 396 of which were hit as catcher—along with a .308 batting average and 1,335 runs batted in (RBI)." ]

[ "Piazza's best season with the Dodgers was 1997, when he hit .362, with 40 home runs, 124 RBI, an on-base percentage of .431, and a slugging percentage of .638. He finished second in NL MVP voting for the second straight year, behind Larry Walker. Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998.", "Florida Marlins Piazza played seven seasons for the Dodgers until he was traded to the Florida Marlins on May 15, 1998. Piazza and Todd Zeile went to the Marlins in return for Gary Sheffield, Charles Johnson, Bobby Bonilla, Manuel Barrios, and Jim Eisenreich. He only appeared in five games with the Marlins, where he hit .278. New York Mets One week later, on May 22, Piazza was traded from the Marlins to the New York Mets for Preston Wilson, Ed Yarnall, and Geoff Goetz.", "Major league career Los Angeles Dodgers After his father asked Lasorda to select Piazza as a favor, the Miami-Dade Community College student was drafted by the Dodgers in the 62nd round of the 1988 MLB amateur draft as the 1,390th player picked overall. Lasorda asked Piazza to give up his first base position and learn how to catch to improve his chances of reaching the major leagues, and helped him attend a special training camp for catchers in the Dominican Republic. Piazza became an excellent hitter, especially for a catcher.", "To ease the stress on his deteriorating knees, Piazza began to split his time between catching and playing first base during the 2004 season, an experiment which was abandoned before the end of the season because of Piazza's defensive deficiencies. Although recognized as a great hitter, Piazza has had some notable defensive accomplishments. Among them, Piazza caught two no-hitters thrown by Ramón Martínez and Hideo Nomo while playing with the Dodgers. Nomo's was particularly impressive because it happened at Coors Field, notorious for being a hitter-friendly ballpark.", "He was the last player selected and signed in his draft class to play in the Major Leagues. Initially a first baseman, Piazza converted to catcher in the minor leagues at Lasorda's suggestion to improve his chances of being promoted. He made his major league debut in 1992 and the following year was named the National League (NL) Rookie of the Year and was an All-Star for the first of 10 consecutive seasons. Piazza immediately impressed with his ability to hit for power and average.", "Piazza immediately impressed with his ability to hit for power and average. His best year as a Dodger came in 1997 when he batted .362, hit 40 home runs, and had 124 RBI, leading to a runner-up finish in voting for the NL Most Valuable Player Award. In 1998, he was traded to the Marlins and then a week later to the Mets, with whom he spent most of the remainder of his career.", "In 1998, he was traded to the Marlins and then a week later to the Mets, with whom he spent most of the remainder of his career. He helped the Mets reach the 2000 World Series, the only World Series appearance of his career. After the 2005 season, Piazza left the Mets to play one season each for the Padres and Athletics before retiring after the 2007 season. Piazza is regarded as one of the best offensive catchers in baseball history.", "On October 2, 2005, Piazza played his final game in a Mets uniform. Because it was well-reported that Piazza would soon depart to free agency, Mets manager Willie Randolph elected to replace Piazza in the top of the eighth inning. With the Shea Stadium crowd giving him a standing ovation, Piazza humbly bowed to the stands and blew kisses to the adoring fans. San Diego Padres Following the 2005 season, Piazza signed a one-year contract with the San Diego Padres on January 29, 2006.", "Michael Joseph Piazza (; born September 4, 1968) is an American former professional baseball catcher who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), from 1992 to 2007, and currently the manager of the Italy national baseball team. He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics.", "New York Mets One week later, on May 22, Piazza was traded from the Marlins to the New York Mets for Preston Wilson, Ed Yarnall, and Geoff Goetz. Despite an excellent performance from Piazza, the Mets missed the 1998 postseason by one game. Piazza helped the Mets to two consecutive playoff appearances in 1999 and 2000. In the former season, Piazza tied his career highs of 40 home runs and 124 RBIs." ]

[ "Only eight other players have ever had over 400 home runs with over a .300 lifetime average while never striking out more than 100 times in a season (Ted Williams, Stan Musial, Lou Gehrig, Mel Ott, Hank Aaron, Babe Ruth, Vladimir Guerrero and Chipper Jones). He is one of only three players in history to win ten Silver Slugger Awards, along with Barry Bonds and Alex Rodriguez. In addition to his hitting, Piazza's defense has undergone a more positive reassessment in light of new defensive metrics.", "He also maintained a penthouse apartment on 18th Street in New York City. See also List of Major League Baseball home run records List of Major League Baseball career hits leaders List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders List of Major League Baseball career intentional bases on balls leaders List of Major League Baseball career OPS leaders List of Major League Baseball career putouts as a catcher leaders List of Major League Baseball career runs batted in leaders List of Major League Baseball career runs scored leaders List of Major League Baseball career slugging percentage leaders List of Major League Baseball individual streaks List of members of the Baseball Hall of Fame Los Angeles Dodgers award winners and league leaders Mike Piazza's Strike Zone New York Mets award winners and league leaders References External links Article from New York magazine, October 2000, about Piazza and the Mets HardRadio.com interview with Piazza about his passion for Heavy Metal music 1968 births 2006 World Baseball Classic players Águilas de Mexicali players American expatriate baseball players in Mexico Albuquerque Dukes players Baseball coaches from Pennsylvania Catholics from Pennsylvania American sportspeople of Italian descent American people of Slovak descent Bakersfield Dodgers players Baseball players from Philadelphia Florida Marlins players Living people Los Angeles Dodgers players Major League Baseball All-Star Game MVPs Major League Baseball catchers Major League Baseball players with retired numbers Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award winners Miami Dade Sharks baseball players National Baseball Hall of Fame inductees National League All-Stars New York Mets players Norfolk Tides players Oakland Athletics players People from Cresskill, New Jersey People from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania Sacramento River Cats players Salem Dodgers players San Antonio Missions players San Diego Padres players Silver Slugger Award winners St. Lucie Mets players Stockton Ports players Vero Beach Dodgers players", "Piazza is regarded as one of the best offensive catchers in baseball history. He had at least one RBI in 15 straight games for the Mets in 2000, the second-longest RBI streak ever. In 2013, the Mets inducted Piazza into the New York Mets Hall of Fame. In 2016, Piazza was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame, receiving 82.95% of the vote.", "Piazza managed the USA team in the 2011 futures game wearing a Mets cap to the event. On January 9, 2013, Piazza failed to be elected to Baseball Hall of Fame, receiving only 57.8% of the votes and falling short of the 75% qualifying votes. He stated that he would address the performance-enhancing drugs and steroid rumors in his book Long Shot. In his second appearance on the ballot, Piazza's percentage numbers did rise (62.2%), but not to the 75% needed to be inducted.", "A 12-time All-Star and 10-time Silver Slugger Award winner at catcher, Piazza produced strong offensive numbers at his position; in his career, he recorded 427 home runs—a record 396 of which were hit as catcher—along with a .308 batting average and 1,335 runs batted in (RBI). Piazza was drafted by the Dodgers in the 1988 MLB draft as a favor from Tommy Lasorda to Piazza's father. He was the last player selected and signed in his draft class to play in the Major Leagues.", "On August 8, 2006, Piazza played his first game at Shea Stadium since leaving the Mets. Throughout the three-game series, Piazza drew frequent standing ovations from New York fans. It was on par with that of Tom Seaver on his return to pitch at Shea Stadium in 1977 and 1978. Even more telling was during that series, on August 9, he drew a rare curtain call in the opposing park following a home run off Mets pitcher (and former Dodgers and Mets teammate) Pedro Martínez in the 4th inning.", "In 2016, Piazza was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame, receiving 82.95% of the vote. Piazza owned the Italian soccer team A.C. Reggiana 1919, which played for two seasons (2017–2018) in Serie C under his leadership before its non-registration due to continued financial troubles. Childhood Piazza was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania, grew up in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, and attended Phoenixville Area High School.", "Legacy Mets teammate Tom Glavine called Piazza a \"first-ballot Hall of Famer, certainly the best hitting catcher of our era and arguably the best hitting catcher of all time\". On May 8, 2010, while receiving an award, Piazza said to reporters that if he got into the Hall of Fame, he would like to be inducted as a Met, for whom he played seven-plus seasons. Piazza managed the USA team in the 2011 futures game wearing a Mets cap to the event.", "He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics. A 12-time All-Star and 10-time Silver Slugger Award winner at catcher, Piazza produced strong offensive numbers at his position; in his career, he recorded 427 home runs—a record 396 of which were hit as catcher—along with a .308 batting average and 1,335 runs batted in (RBI)." ]

[ "In March 2008, Paramore made its first rhythm game appearance with \"Crushcrushcrush\" as a downloadable track in the Rock Band games and later being a playable song in Guitar Hero On Tour: Decades. Later that year, Rock Band 2 was released with the song \"That's What You Get\" included as a playable track. The video game Guitar Hero World Tour featured the song \"Misery Business\" along with Hayley Williams participating in motion capture sessions for the game.", "Paramore's song \"Now\" is featured as a song for the game Rocksmith 2014. Band members Current members Hayley Williams – lead vocals (2004–present), keyboards (2012–present) Taylor York – guitar, backing vocals (2007–present), keyboards (2012–present) Zac Farro – drums (2004–2010, 2017–present), backing vocals (2007–2010, 2017–present) Current touring musicians Justin York – guitar, backing vocals (2010–present) Joey Howard – bass, backing vocals (2015–present) Logan MacKenzie – keyboards, guitar (2017–present) Joseph Mullen – percussion (2017–present) Former members Josh Farro – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2010) Jason Bynum – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2005) Hunter Lamb – guitar, backing vocals (2005–2007) Jeremy Davis – bass (2004–2005, 2005–2006, 2007–2015), backing vocals (2007–2015) John Hembree – bass (2005) Former touring musicians Jon Howard – guitar, keyboards, backing vocals (2010–2016) Josh Freese – drums (2010–2011) Jason Pierce – drums (2011–2012) Hayden Scott – drums (2012–2013) Miles McPherson – drums (2013) Aaron Gillespie – drums (2013–2017) Timeline Discography All We Know Is Falling (2005) Riot!", "The music video for \"Decode\", along with the Twilight film trailer, was shown in the North American Home Theater of PlayStation Home from December 11, 2008, to December 18, 2008. The video premiered in full through MTV and its subsidiaries on November 3, 2008, one day ahead of the release of the soundtrack on which the song is featured. Paramore's song \"Now\" is featured as a song for the game Rocksmith 2014.", "The video, much like \"All We Know\", features backstage footage and live performances. In August 2007, Paramore had been featured in television spots on MTV, performing acoustic versions of their songs or acting in short accompaniments to MTV program commercials. As \"MTV Artists of the Week\", the band filmed the faux camping themed spots in Queens, New York, all written and directed by Evan Silver and Gina Fortunato. MTV.com also has a collection of short videos with the band to promote Riot! as well.", "One of the songs included \"In the Mourning\", which Williams debuted on her Tumblr page. Paramore later confirmed they were entering a studio in Los Angeles with producer Rob Cavallo to record what would be the Singles Club. On June 3, 2011, Paramore released the single \"Monster\", featured on the Transformers: Dark of the Moon soundtrack, on YouTube. This is the first song that the band released without the Farro brothers.", "Paramore played their first Ireland show at the RDS in Dublin on June 2, 2008, followed by the 2008 Vans Warped Tour from July 1–6. From July 25 to September 1, Paramore embarked on a tour named \"The Final Riot!\". On this tour, the band performed part of Leonard Cohen's \"Hallelujah\". On September 2, 2008, Paramore released a collaboration hoodie along with Hurley Clothing based on the album Riot!. All proceeds went to the Love146 foundation.", "Paramore is an American rock band from Franklin, Tennessee, formed in 2004. The band currently consists of lead vocalist Hayley Williams, guitarist Taylor York and drummer Zac Farro. Williams and Farro are founding members of the group, while York, a high school friend of the original lineup, joined in 2007. The band are signed to Fueled by Ramen, a subsidiary of Atlantic Records, both owned by Warner Music Group.", "According to Williams, \"Misery Business\" is \"more honest than anything I've ever written, and the guys matched that emotion musically.\" In the summer of 2007, Paramore participated in their third Warped Tour, and they posted journals of their experiences on yourhereblog for MTV. On October 11, 2007, the music video for \"Crushcrushcrush\" debuted on the United States television as the next single from Riot!.", "In August, Paramore participated in New Found Glory's music video for their cover of Sixpence None the Richer's song \"Kiss Me\". From September 29 to November 1, 2009, the band held a tour in North America to support Brand New Eyes. The tour for their self-titled fourth album, known as The Self-Titled Tour, took place in North America from October 15 to November 27, 2013. From June 19 through August 17, 2014, the band also supported the album with the Monumentour." ]

[ "From June 19 through August 17, 2014, the band also supported the album with the Monumentour. Appearances in films and video games In 2005, Paramore made its first video game appearance with the song \"Pressure\" being featured in the console versions of the video game The Sims 2. In March 2008, Paramore made its first rhythm game appearance with \"Crushcrushcrush\" as a downloadable track in the Rock Band games and later being a playable song in Guitar Hero On Tour: Decades.", "Paramore's song \"Now\" is featured as a song for the game Rocksmith 2014. Band members Current members Hayley Williams – lead vocals (2004–present), keyboards (2012–present) Taylor York – guitar, backing vocals (2007–present), keyboards (2012–present) Zac Farro – drums (2004–2010, 2017–present), backing vocals (2007–2010, 2017–present) Current touring musicians Justin York – guitar, backing vocals (2010–present) Joey Howard – bass, backing vocals (2015–present) Logan MacKenzie – keyboards, guitar (2017–present) Joseph Mullen – percussion (2017–present) Former members Josh Farro – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2010) Jason Bynum – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2005) Hunter Lamb – guitar, backing vocals (2005–2007) Jeremy Davis – bass (2004–2005, 2005–2006, 2007–2015), backing vocals (2007–2015) John Hembree – bass (2005) Former touring musicians Jon Howard – guitar, keyboards, backing vocals (2010–2016) Josh Freese – drums (2010–2011) Jason Pierce – drums (2011–2012) Hayden Scott – drums (2012–2013) Miles McPherson – drums (2013) Aaron Gillespie – drums (2013–2017) Timeline Discography All We Know Is Falling (2005) Riot!", "The music video for \"Decode\", along with the Twilight film trailer, was shown in the North American Home Theater of PlayStation Home from December 11, 2008, to December 18, 2008. The video premiered in full through MTV and its subsidiaries on November 3, 2008, one day ahead of the release of the soundtrack on which the song is featured. Paramore's song \"Now\" is featured as a song for the game Rocksmith 2014.", "Paramore played their first Ireland show at the RDS in Dublin on June 2, 2008, followed by the 2008 Vans Warped Tour from July 1–6. From July 25 to September 1, Paramore embarked on a tour named \"The Final Riot!\". On this tour, the band performed part of Leonard Cohen's \"Hallelujah\". On September 2, 2008, Paramore released a collaboration hoodie along with Hurley Clothing based on the album Riot!. All proceeds went to the Love146 foundation.", "One of the songs included \"In the Mourning\", which Williams debuted on her Tumblr page. Paramore later confirmed they were entering a studio in Los Angeles with producer Rob Cavallo to record what would be the Singles Club. On June 3, 2011, Paramore released the single \"Monster\", featured on the Transformers: Dark of the Moon soundtrack, on YouTube. This is the first song that the band released without the Farro brothers.", "The other members of what was soon to be Paramore had been \"edgy about the whole female thing\" of having Williams as vocalist, but, because they were good friends, she started writing for them. Williams said of the members when she first met them, \"They were the first people I met who were as passionate about music as I was.\" Williams was originally signed to Atlantic Records as a solo artist in 2003.", "The band's second release, Riot! The band's second release, Riot! was said to explore a 'diverse range of styles,\" however, not straying far from \"their signature sound.\" The band's later albums, such as Paramore and After Laughter, included more of a new wave and synth-pop sound. Alternative Press and various other reviewers have noted that the band's stage performances have helped boost them to larger fame.", "but I don’t think there was one bit of truth in that article.\" In April, Hayley Williams' vocals were featured in \"Then Came To Kill\" by The Chariot. They headlined a tour in April through May 2007 with This Providence, The Almost, and Love Arcade. The Almost and Love Arcade were replaced by Quietdrive for the second half of the tour. 2007–2008: Riot!" ]

[ "The video, much like \"All We Know\", features backstage footage and live performances. In August 2007, Paramore had been featured in television spots on MTV, performing acoustic versions of their songs or acting in short accompaniments to MTV program commercials. As \"MTV Artists of the Week\", the band filmed the faux camping themed spots in Queens, New York, all written and directed by Evan Silver and Gina Fortunato. MTV.com also has a collection of short videos with the band to promote Riot! as well.", "Paramore is an American rock band from Franklin, Tennessee, formed in 2004. The band currently consists of lead vocalist Hayley Williams, guitarist Taylor York and drummer Zac Farro. Williams and Farro are founding members of the group, while York, a high school friend of the original lineup, joined in 2007. The band are signed to Fueled by Ramen, a subsidiary of Atlantic Records, both owned by Warner Music Group.", "The band's second release, Riot! The band's second release, Riot! was said to explore a 'diverse range of styles,\" however, not straying far from \"their signature sound.\" The band's later albums, such as Paramore and After Laughter, included more of a new wave and synth-pop sound. Alternative Press and various other reviewers have noted that the band's stage performances have helped boost them to larger fame.", "Paramore's song \"Now\" is featured as a song for the game Rocksmith 2014. Band members Current members Hayley Williams – lead vocals (2004–present), keyboards (2012–present) Taylor York – guitar, backing vocals (2007–present), keyboards (2012–present) Zac Farro – drums (2004–2010, 2017–present), backing vocals (2007–2010, 2017–present) Current touring musicians Justin York – guitar, backing vocals (2010–present) Joey Howard – bass, backing vocals (2015–present) Logan MacKenzie – keyboards, guitar (2017–present) Joseph Mullen – percussion (2017–present) Former members Josh Farro – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2010) Jason Bynum – guitar, backing vocals (2004–2005) Hunter Lamb – guitar, backing vocals (2005–2007) Jeremy Davis – bass (2004–2005, 2005–2006, 2007–2015), backing vocals (2007–2015) John Hembree – bass (2005) Former touring musicians Jon Howard – guitar, keyboards, backing vocals (2010–2016) Josh Freese – drums (2010–2011) Jason Pierce – drums (2011–2012) Hayden Scott – drums (2012–2013) Miles McPherson – drums (2013) Aaron Gillespie – drums (2013–2017) Timeline Discography All We Know Is Falling (2005) Riot!", "In August, Paramore participated in New Found Glory's music video for their cover of Sixpence None the Richer's song \"Kiss Me\". From September 29 to November 1, 2009, the band held a tour in North America to support Brand New Eyes. The tour for their self-titled fourth album, known as The Self-Titled Tour, took place in North America from October 15 to November 27, 2013. From June 19 through August 17, 2014, the band also supported the album with the Monumentour.", "Musical style and influences Paramore's music style has generally been regarded as alternative rock, , pop rock, power pop, , emo, pop, and new wave. Joshua Martin had written after an interview with Hayley Williams, \"The band isn't just a short pop-punk girl with red hair and a spunky attitude. Their music is like them, it's aged differently. It's sped up, and slowed down. It's emo without being whiny, or bratty. Almost a very literal anti-Avril Lavigne.\"", "Paramore played their first Ireland show at the RDS in Dublin on June 2, 2008, followed by the 2008 Vans Warped Tour from July 1–6. From July 25 to September 1, Paramore embarked on a tour named \"The Final Riot!\". On this tour, the band performed part of Leonard Cohen's \"Hallelujah\". On September 2, 2008, Paramore released a collaboration hoodie along with Hurley Clothing based on the album Riot!. All proceeds went to the Love146 foundation.", "Paramore wrote and completed their third album Brand New Eyes in early 2009. The first single from the album was \"Ignorance\" and was released July 7, 2009. Paramore was the special guest with Bedouin Soundclash, The Sounds and Janelle Monáe at the No Doubt Summer Tour 2009, starting in May 2009 in outdoor amphitheaters and arenas across the US and Canada. The official music video for \"Ignorance\" aired on all MTV platforms, networks, and websites on August 13, 2009.", "MTV.com reported that fans of Paramore were speculating about the future of the band and reported rumors of trouble had begun earlier in the month when Josh Farro expressed his anger against the media's focus on Hayley Williams. The band, however, returned to their hometown to record the music video for the fourth single \"That's What You Get\", which was then released on March 24, 2008. The band toured with Jimmy Eat World in the United States in April and May 2008.", "A reviewer at NME had likened Paramore's sound to that of \"No Doubt (stripped of all the ska bollocks)\" and \"Kelly Clarkson's wildest dreams.\" Hayley Williams has gone on to comment about the female aspect of the band saying that Paramore is not \"this girl-fronted band\" and it makes \"music for people to enjoy music, not so people can talk about my sexuality.\" Paramore has expressed appreciation for Failure, Fall Out Boy, Hanson, Panic!" ]

[ "magazine once more, however, Hayley Williams believed the article was an untrue portrayal of the band, particularly because it focused on her as the main component. Afterwards, Williams addressed the issue in the band's LiveJournal, with a post saying, \"we could’ve done without a cover piece. sorry, if it offends anyone at Kerrang! but I don’t think there was one bit of truth in that article.\"", "\"Misery Business\" was also featured as a playable track on Rock Band 3, while \"Pressure\", \"The Only Exception\", \"Brick by Boring Brick\", and \"Ignorance\" are available as DLC for the game. In 2015, the song \"Still Into You\" was featured as an on-disc song for Rock Band 4. Paramore's song \"Decode\" was the lead single for the novel-based Twilight film. Another song called \"I Caught Myself\" is also featured on the film's soundtrack.", "2 \"Sexiest Female\", by readers of the British magazine Kerrang!. In 2007, Lamb left the group to get married, and Paramore continued onward as a quartet. Paramore was then named by British magazine NME as one of ten bands to watch out for in their \"New Noise 2007\" feature. Paramore was featured in Kerrang! magazine once more, however, Hayley Williams believed the article was an untrue portrayal of the band, particularly because it focused on her as the main component.", "Borders released an exclusive version of the soundtrack that features an acoustic version of \"Decode.\" \"Misery Business\" is also featured in Saints Row 2, and the soundtrack for EA Sports NHL 08. The music video for \"Decode\", along with the Twilight film trailer, was shown in the North American Home Theater of PlayStation Home from December 11, 2008, to December 18, 2008.", "In an interview with HitQuarters the band's A&R at Atlantic, Steve Robertson, said, \"She wanted to make sure that we didn't look at her as some straight to Top 40 pop princess. She wanted to make sure that she and her band got the chance to show what they can do as a rock band writing their own songs.\" Label president Julie Greenwald and the label staff decided to go with her wishes.", "Their 2009 follow-up, Brand New Eyes, is the band's second-highest-charting album to date, landing at number two on the Billboard 200 with 175,000 first week sales. It produced the top-forty single \"The Only Exception\" and went platinum in Ireland and the UK, as well as gold in the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Following the departure of Josh and Zac Farro in 2010, the band released their self-titled fourth album in 2013.", "at the Disco, Blink-182, Death Cab for Cutie, Jimmy Eat World, MewithoutYou, and Sunny Day Real Estate, as well as Thrice and New Found Glory; Hayley Williams has cited her personal influences as Elvis Presley, the Shirelles, the Angels, the Ramones, Jawbreaker, Radiohead, Green Day, Blondie, NSYNC, Destiny's Child, Aaliyah, The Smiths, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Cure and Etta James. Williams named many singers as heroines: \"I love Debbie Harry and Siouxsie Sioux.", "Alternative Press and various other reviewers have noted that the band's stage performances have helped boost them to larger fame. Alternative Press states that Williams \"has more charisma than singers twice her age, and her band aren't far behind in their chops, either.\" Singer-songwriter John Mayer had praised Williams' voice in a blog in October 2007, calling her \"The great orange hope\"; \"orange\" in reference to her hair color.", "Almost a very literal anti-Avril Lavigne.\" Almost a very literal anti-Avril Lavigne.\" Alternative Press magazine had commented that the band was \"young-sounding\", while consistently being \"honest.\" Paramore's first album All We Know is Falling had an arguably more \"formulaic pop-punk\" sound that was \"delivered particularly well\" and the combination of the two had created a \"refined rock infused pop/punk album.\" The band's second release, Riot!", "In 2012, Williams contributed vocals to MewithoutYou's fifth studio album, Ten Stories. The band members are Christians and in an interview with the BBC, Josh Farro stated \"Our faith is very important to us. It's obviously going to come out in our music because if someone believes something, then their worldview is going to come out in anything they do. But we're not out here to preach to kids, we're out here because we love music.\"" ]

[ "They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly. Over the next four days, Slotin suffered an \"agonizing sequence of radiation-induced traumas\", including severe diarrhea, reduced urine output, swollen hands, erythema, \"massive blisters on his hands and forearms\", intestinal paralysis and gangrene. He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\"", "The Army doctor responsible for the hospital, Captain Paul Hageman, said that Slotin's, Graves', Kline's and Young's \"immediate condition is satisfactory.\" Slotin's death Despite intensive medical care and offers from numerous volunteers to donate blood for transfusions, Slotin's condition rapidly deteriorated. Slotin called his parents and they were flown at Army expense from Winnipeg to be with him. They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly.", "He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\" By the seventh day, he was experiencing periods of \"mental confusion.\" His lips turned blue and he was put in an oxygen tent. He ultimately experienced \"a total disintegration of bodily functions\" and slipped into a coma. Slotin died at 11 a.m. on 30 May, in the presence of his parents. He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946.", "On 21 May 1946, Slotin accidentally began a fission reaction, which released a burst of hard radiation. Slotin was rushed to the hospital, and died nine days later on 30 May, the victim of the second criticality accident in history, following the death of Harry Daghlian, who had been exposed to radiation by the same \"demon core\" that killed Slotin. Slotin was hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly enough to prevent the deaths of his colleagues.", "Patrick J. Cleary. Patrick J. Cleary. As soon as Slotin left the building, he vomited, a common reaction from exposure to extremely intense ionizing radiation. Slotin's colleagues rushed him to the hospital, but the radiation damage was irreversible. By 25 May 1946, four of the eight men exposed during the incident had been discharged from hospital. The Army doctor responsible for the hospital, Captain Paul Hageman, said that Slotin's, Graves', Kline's and Young's \"immediate condition is satisfactory.\"", "He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946. Other injuries and deaths Graves, Kline and Young remained hospitalized after Slotin's death. Graves, who was standing the closest to Slotin, also developed acute radiation sickness and was hospitalized for several weeks. He survived, although he lived with chronic neurological and vision problems. Young also suffered from acute radiation syndrome, but recovered. By 28 January 1948 Graves, Kline and Perlman sought compensation for damages suffered during the incident.", "In the winter of 1945–1946, Slotin shocked some of his colleagues with a bold action. He repaired an instrument six feet under water inside the Clinton Pile while it was operating, rather than wait an extra day for the reactor to be shut down. He did not wear his dosimetry badge, but his dose was estimated to be at least 100 roentgen. A dose of 1 Gy (~100 roentgen) can cause nausea and vomiting in 10% of cases, but is generally survivable.", "He had often been in extreme danger as an anti-aircraft gunner.\" During an interview years later, Sam stated that his brother had gone \"on a walking tour in Spain\", and he \"did not take part in the war\" as previously thought. Slotin earned a Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from the university in 1936. He won a prize for his thesis entitled \"An Investigation into the Intermediate Formation of Unstable Molecules During some Chemical Reactions.\"", "Louis Alexander Slotin (1 December 1910 – 30 May 1946) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who took part in the Manhattan Project. He was born and raised in the North End of Winnipeg, Manitoba. After earning both his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the University of Manitoba, Slotin attended King's College London, where he obtained his doctorate in physical chemistry in 1936. Afterwards, he joined the University of Chicago as a research associate to help design a cyclotron.", "Slotin experienced a sour taste in his mouth and an intense burning sensation in his left hand. He jerked his left hand upward, lifting the upper beryllium hemisphere, and dropped it to the floor, ending the reaction. He had already been exposed to a lethal dose of neutron radiation. At the time of the accident, dosimetry badges were in a locked box about from the accident." ]

[ "They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly. Over the next four days, Slotin suffered an \"agonizing sequence of radiation-induced traumas\", including severe diarrhea, reduced urine output, swollen hands, erythema, \"massive blisters on his hands and forearms\", intestinal paralysis and gangrene. He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\"", "The Army doctor responsible for the hospital, Captain Paul Hageman, said that Slotin's, Graves', Kline's and Young's \"immediate condition is satisfactory.\" Slotin's death Despite intensive medical care and offers from numerous volunteers to donate blood for transfusions, Slotin's condition rapidly deteriorated. Slotin called his parents and they were flown at Army expense from Winnipeg to be with him. They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly.", "He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\" By the seventh day, he was experiencing periods of \"mental confusion.\" His lips turned blue and he was put in an oxygen tent. He ultimately experienced \"a total disintegration of bodily functions\" and slipped into a coma. Slotin died at 11 a.m. on 30 May, in the presence of his parents. He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946.", "He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946. Other injuries and deaths Graves, Kline and Young remained hospitalized after Slotin's death. Graves, who was standing the closest to Slotin, also developed acute radiation sickness and was hospitalized for several weeks. He survived, although he lived with chronic neurological and vision problems. Young also suffered from acute radiation syndrome, but recovered. By 28 January 1948 Graves, Kline and Perlman sought compensation for damages suffered during the incident.", "On 21 May 1946, Slotin accidentally began a fission reaction, which released a burst of hard radiation. Slotin was rushed to the hospital, and died nine days later on 30 May, the victim of the second criticality accident in history, following the death of Harry Daghlian, who had been exposed to radiation by the same \"demon core\" that killed Slotin. Slotin was hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly enough to prevent the deaths of his colleagues.", "Slotin experienced a sour taste in his mouth and an intense burning sensation in his left hand. He jerked his left hand upward, lifting the upper beryllium hemisphere, and dropped it to the floor, ending the reaction. He had already been exposed to a lethal dose of neutron radiation. At the time of the accident, dosimetry badges were in a locked box about from the accident.", "He had often been in extreme danger as an anti-aircraft gunner.\" During an interview years later, Sam stated that his brother had gone \"on a walking tour in Spain\", and he \"did not take part in the war\" as previously thought. Slotin earned a Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from the university in 1936. He won a prize for his thesis entitled \"An Investigation into the Intermediate Formation of Unstable Molecules During some Chemical Reactions.\"", "Louis Alexander Slotin (1 December 1910 – 30 May 1946) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who took part in the Manhattan Project. He was born and raised in the North End of Winnipeg, Manitoba. After earning both his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the University of Manitoba, Slotin attended King's College London, where he obtained his doctorate in physical chemistry in 1936. Afterwards, he joined the University of Chicago as a research associate to help design a cyclotron.", "Slotin was hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly enough to prevent the deaths of his colleagues. Some physicists argue that this was a preventable accident. The accident and its aftermath have been dramatized in several fictional and non-fiction accounts. Early life Slotin was the first of three children born to Israel and Sonia Slotin, Yiddish-speaking Jewish refugees who had fled the pogroms of Russia to Winnipeg, Manitoba.", "In the winter of 1945–1946, Slotin shocked some of his colleagues with a bold action. He repaired an instrument six feet under water inside the Clinton Pile while it was operating, rather than wait an extra day for the reactor to be shut down. He did not wear his dosimetry badge, but his dose was estimated to be at least 100 roentgen. A dose of 1 Gy (~100 roentgen) can cause nausea and vomiting in 10% of cases, but is generally survivable." ]

[ "Louis Alexander Slotin (1 December 1910 – 30 May 1946) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who took part in the Manhattan Project. He was born and raised in the North End of Winnipeg, Manitoba. After earning both his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the University of Manitoba, Slotin attended King's College London, where he obtained his doctorate in physical chemistry in 1936. Afterwards, he joined the University of Chicago as a research associate to help design a cyclotron.", "He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\" By the seventh day, he was experiencing periods of \"mental confusion.\" His lips turned blue and he was put in an oxygen tent. He ultimately experienced \"a total disintegration of bodily functions\" and slipped into a coma. Slotin died at 11 a.m. on 30 May, in the presence of his parents. He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946.", "Depictions of the criticality incident include the 1989 film Fat Man and Little Boy, in which John Cusack plays a fictional character named Michael Merriman based on Slotin, and the Louis Slotin Sonata, a 2001 off-Broadway play directed by David P. Moore. In 1948, Slotin's colleagues at Los Alamos and the University of Chicago initiated the Louis A. Slotin Memorial Fund for lectures on physics given by distinguished scientists such as Robert Oppenheimer and Nobel laureates Luis Walter Alvarez and Hans Bethe. The memorial fund lasted until 1962.", "The Army doctor responsible for the hospital, Captain Paul Hageman, said that Slotin's, Graves', Kline's and Young's \"immediate condition is satisfactory.\" Slotin's death Despite intensive medical care and offers from numerous volunteers to donate blood for transfusions, Slotin's condition rapidly deteriorated. Slotin called his parents and they were flown at Army expense from Winnipeg to be with him. They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly.", "On 21 May 1946, Slotin accidentally began a fission reaction, which released a burst of hard radiation. Slotin was rushed to the hospital, and died nine days later on 30 May, the victim of the second criticality accident in history, following the death of Harry Daghlian, who had been exposed to radiation by the same \"demon core\" that killed Slotin. Slotin was hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly enough to prevent the deaths of his colleagues.", "The event was recounted in Dexter Masters' 1955 novel The Accident, a fictional account of the last few days of the life of a nuclear scientist suffering from radiation poisoning. Depictions of the criticality incident include the 1989 film Fat Man and Little Boy, in which John Cusack plays a fictional character named Michael Merriman based on Slotin, and the Louis Slotin Sonata, a 2001 off-Broadway play directed by David P. Moore.", "He was buried in the Shaarey Zedek Cemetery in Winnipeg on 2 June 1946. Other injuries and deaths Graves, Kline and Young remained hospitalized after Slotin's death. Graves, who was standing the closest to Slotin, also developed acute radiation sickness and was hospitalized for several weeks. He survived, although he lived with chronic neurological and vision problems. Young also suffered from acute radiation syndrome, but recovered. By 28 January 1948 Graves, Kline and Perlman sought compensation for damages suffered during the incident.", "He had often been in extreme danger as an anti-aircraft gunner.\" During an interview years later, Sam stated that his brother had gone \"on a walking tour in Spain\", and he \"did not take part in the war\" as previously thought. Slotin earned a Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from the university in 1936. He won a prize for his thesis entitled \"An Investigation into the Intermediate Formation of Unstable Molecules During some Chemical Reactions.\"", "They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly. Over the next four days, Slotin suffered an \"agonizing sequence of radiation-induced traumas\", including severe diarrhea, reduced urine output, swollen hands, erythema, \"massive blisters on his hands and forearms\", intestinal paralysis and gangrene. He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\"", "Afterwards, he joined the University of Chicago as a research associate to help design a cyclotron. In 1942, he was invited to participate in the Manhattan Project. As part of the Manhattan Project, Slotin performed experiments with uranium and plutonium cores to determine their critical mass values. After World War II, Slotin continued his research at Los Alamos National Laboratory. On 21 May 1946, Slotin accidentally began a fission reaction, which released a burst of hard radiation." ]

[ "On 14 June 1946, the associate editor of the Los Alamos Times, Thomas P. Ashlock, penned a poem entitled \"Slotin – A Tribute\": The official story released at the time was that Slotin, by quickly removing the upper hemisphere, was a hero for ending the critical reaction and protecting seven other observers in the room: \"Dr. Slotin's quick reaction at the immediate risk of his own life prevented a more serious development of the experiment which would certainly have resulted in the death of the seven men working with him, as well as serious injury to others in the general vicinity.\" This interpretation of events was endorsed at the time by Alvin Graves, who stood closest to Slotin when the accident occurred.", "Louis Alexander Slotin (1 December 1910 – 30 May 1946) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who took part in the Manhattan Project. He was born and raised in the North End of Winnipeg, Manitoba. After earning both his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from the University of Manitoba, Slotin attended King's College London, where he obtained his doctorate in physical chemistry in 1936. Afterwards, he joined the University of Chicago as a research associate to help design a cyclotron.", "Slotin was hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly enough to prevent the deaths of his colleagues. Some physicists argue that this was a preventable accident. The accident and its aftermath have been dramatized in several fictional and non-fiction accounts. Early life Slotin was the first of three children born to Israel and Sonia Slotin, Yiddish-speaking Jewish refugees who had fled the pogroms of Russia to Winnipeg, Manitoba.", "Another witness to the accident, Raemer E. Schreiber, spoke out publicly decades later, arguing that Slotin was using improper and unsafe procedures, endangering the others in the lab along with himself. Robert B. Brode had reported hearsay to that effect back in 1946. The event was recounted in Dexter Masters' 1955 novel The Accident, a fictional account of the last few days of the life of a nuclear scientist suffering from radiation poisoning.", "He had often been in extreme danger as an anti-aircraft gunner.\" During an interview years later, Sam stated that his brother had gone \"on a walking tour in Spain\", and he \"did not take part in the war\" as previously thought. Slotin earned a Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from the university in 1936. He won a prize for his thesis entitled \"An Investigation into the Intermediate Formation of Unstable Molecules During some Chemical Reactions.\"", "The event was recounted in Dexter Masters' 1955 novel The Accident, a fictional account of the last few days of the life of a nuclear scientist suffering from radiation poisoning. Depictions of the criticality incident include the 1989 film Fat Man and Little Boy, in which John Cusack plays a fictional character named Michael Merriman based on Slotin, and the Louis Slotin Sonata, a 2001 off-Broadway play directed by David P. Moore.", "Some of those deaths were probably latent stochastic (random) effects of the accident; it is not possible to draw any definitive conclusions from such a small sample set. Disposition of core The core involved was intended to be used in the Able detonation, during the Crossroads series of nuclear weapon testing. Slotin's experiment was said to be the last conducted before the core's detonation and was intended to be the final demonstration of its ability to go critical. After the criticality accident it needed time to cool.", "He looked forward to resuming teaching and research into biophysics and radiobiology at the University of Chicago. He began training a replacement, Alvin C. Graves, to take over his Los Alamos work. Criticality accident On 21 May 1946, with seven colleagues watching, Slotin performed an experiment that involved the creation of one of the first steps of a fission reaction by placing two half-spheres of beryllium (a neutron reflector) around a plutonium core.", "Depictions of the criticality incident include the 1989 film Fat Man and Little Boy, in which John Cusack plays a fictional character named Michael Merriman based on Slotin, and the Louis Slotin Sonata, a 2001 off-Broadway play directed by David P. Moore. In 1948, Slotin's colleagues at Los Alamos and the University of Chicago initiated the Louis A. Slotin Memorial Fund for lectures on physics given by distinguished scientists such as Robert Oppenheimer and Nobel laureates Luis Walter Alvarez and Hans Bethe. The memorial fund lasted until 1962.", "They arrived on the fourth day after the incident, and by the fifth day Slotin's condition started to deteriorate rapidly. Over the next four days, Slotin suffered an \"agonizing sequence of radiation-induced traumas\", including severe diarrhea, reduced urine output, swollen hands, erythema, \"massive blisters on his hands and forearms\", intestinal paralysis and gangrene. He had internal radiation burns throughout his body, which one medical expert described as a \"three-dimensional sunburn.\"" ]

[ "However, the band managed to subvert even this abbreviation by drawing these letters in a manner resembling an anus and a vulva. The group's early material contained no pre-written lyrics or music. Rather, the band developed an entirely improvised style which consisted of extremely loud, fast, and aggressive noise. Over time, the band gradually shifted their style and slowly began to incorporate more riffs and pre-written lyrics into their songs. It was not until then that Anal Cunt had earned the reputation for intentionally being outrageous and offensive.", "It was not until then that Anal Cunt had earned the reputation for intentionally being outrageous and offensive. 2010 and 2011 saw the release of their final two albums; one of which is a \"cock rock\" album entitled Fuckin' A, and another being an album of material similar to their old grindcore albums called Wearing Out Our Welcome.", "The band released a limited tour edition of the record as part of the tour. Anal Cunt issued an official press release at the end of December 2001 saying that they had broken up again. This time, the band seemed to have permanently disbanded, with only a few compilation tracks and the Very Rare Rehearsal from February 1989 CD being released.", "Anal Cunt reformed in August 2003 with the lineup of Putnam, Martin and Linehan. However, after one practice, Martin was forced to leave the band, due to him going to jail. Putnam brought John Kozik back to replace him. After a few gigs in late 2003 (including one opening for Superjoint Ritual) and a short Japan tour in January 2004 with Napalm Death, Nasum, and Pig Destroyer, Linehan left the band yet again. He was again replaced by John Gillis.", "Following appearances in a few other bands, including (recently reformed) George H. Brown (a blues rock act whose song \"Foreplay with a Tree Shredder\" would later be recorded by Anal Cunt for the album Top 40 Hits), From Sloth to Anger, and Post Mortem, Seth Putnam and Tim Morse decided to reform Anal Cunt on March 1, 1991, exactly three years after they had initially formed. After the band's reformation, they decided they wanted to change their style to avoid getting bored again.", "Anal Cunt, also known as AxCx and A.C., was an American grindcore band that formed in Newton, Massachusetts, in 1988. From its inception, the band underwent a number of line-up changes and never had a bass player. Known for its grindcore musical style and controversial lyrics, Anal Cunt released eight full-length studio albums in addition to a number of compilations and extended plays. Anal Cunt disbanded in 2011 after the group's founder and frontman, Seth Putnam, died of a suspected heart attack.", "Early performances and recordings and brief breakup (1988–1992) The band's first performance was a rehearsal in 1988 at Putnam's mother's house in front of some family members, namely his mother, his two little brothers and his grandmother, as well as some of his mother's friends. Several other small performances followed, in various basements and living rooms, before their first public show live over the radio at Brandeis University, with Anal Cunt being the latest in the long line of Putnam's bands who had performed in this way.", "Second breakup, reformation, and 20th anniversary (2000–2009) Despite being dropped by their label (although Earache did later make them an offer to come back, which they turned down) and Linehan leaving again in September 1999, Anal Cunt continued on, now with John Gillis on drums. Some more touring and a few releases followed, such as the Defenders of the Hate EP and a split 7-inch with Flachenbrand (who had opened for AC on their 1999 German tour)." ]

[ "In Q magazine's 2005 book The Greatest Rock & Pop Miscellany Ever!, Anal Cunt was included in a list of \"25 Band Names That Should Have Stayed on the Drawing Board\". Putnam originally formed the band as a joke, and they were supposed to only record one demo and do one show; however, they were active up to 2011, despite several brief break-ups.", "2008 was the 20th anniversary of the band, so Putnam celebrated it with several original lineup reunion shows with Tim Morse and Mike Mahan. By this point Linehan had yet again left the band, and Martin was again in jail. They played shows in Boston, Texas, and the West Coast. On November 17, 2008, the original Anal Cunt line-up (Seth Putnam, Mike Mahan, and Tim Morse) finished recording their 110 Song CD. The album was made as a celebration of the band's 20-year anniversary.", "name possible\". name possible\". A common misconception is that the band is named after the song \"Anal Cunt\" by GG Allin, but in fact Allin's song was written years after the band had started. The band did, however, later in their career render tribute to him by recording a version of \"I'll Slice Your Fucking Throat (If You Fuck with Me)\", originally recorded by Allin and the Murder Junkies.", "It was not until then that Anal Cunt had earned the reputation for intentionally being outrageous and offensive. 2010 and 2011 saw the release of their final two albums; one of which is a \"cock rock\" album entitled Fuckin' A, and another being an album of material similar to their old grindcore albums called Wearing Out Our Welcome.", "Anal Cunt disbanded in 2011 after the group's founder and frontman, Seth Putnam, died of a suspected heart attack. The band is often referred to by their initials A.C. (often written as AxCx) due to the offensive nature of their name and censorship limits on some radio and publications, and many of their album covers simply display the initials A.C. However, the band managed to subvert even this abbreviation by drawing these letters in a manner resembling an anus and a vulva.", "Anal Cunt, also known as AxCx and A.C., was an American grindcore band that formed in Newton, Massachusetts, in 1988. From its inception, the band underwent a number of line-up changes and never had a bass player. Known for its grindcore musical style and controversial lyrics, Anal Cunt released eight full-length studio albums in addition to a number of compilations and extended plays. Anal Cunt disbanded in 2011 after the group's founder and frontman, Seth Putnam, died of a suspected heart attack.", "Anal Cunt reformed in August 2003 with the lineup of Putnam, Martin and Linehan. However, after one practice, Martin was forced to leave the band, due to him going to jail. Putnam brought John Kozik back to replace him. After a few gigs in late 2003 (including one opening for Superjoint Ritual) and a short Japan tour in January 2004 with Napalm Death, Nasum, and Pig Destroyer, Linehan left the band yet again. He was again replaced by John Gillis.", "Anal Cunt then released their next full-length release, I Like It When You Die, which they had recorded prior to the tour. This album was essentially a collection of insults and featured the songs \"You're Gay\" and \"Technology's Gay\", as well as a guest appearance from Kyle Severn from Incantation. A lot of the songs refer to things being \"gay\", as this was a common slang word in Massachusetts and in junior-high schools across the United States at the time." ]

[ "A few months later, Putnam and Martin asked Linehan to rejoin the band and he agreed. Another two tours later (the first in America with Murder One, the second in Japan), Anal Cunt recorded what would be their last album on Earache Records, It Just Gets Worse, which was released at the end of their 1999 European tour with Flächenbrand. The album was surrounded by much controversy: the label changed some of the song titles and also censored the lyrics to two of the songs.", "The two drummers who auditioned were not fast enough for the band, so Anal Cunt decided to have them both playing the same drum kit at the same time for the beginning of the tour, before resorting to just using the faster of the two. Most of the shows consisted of Putnam and Ordonez going into the crowd, punching people and destroying equipment, not only because of drunkenness but to conceal the fact that the drummer did not know their songs very well.", "A few releases later, Earache Records again made an offer to the band, this time to license the 5643 Song EP for a European pressing (and later to buy the whole pressing), but Anal Cunt continued to turn down such offers. This was also the point where the band decided they had done as much as they could and decided to split up, after releasing Another EP and completing their first European tour.", "The band released a limited tour edition of the record as part of the tour. Anal Cunt issued an official press release at the end of December 2001 saying that they had broken up again. This time, the band seemed to have permanently disbanded, with only a few compilation tracks and the Very Rare Rehearsal from February 1989 CD being released.", "2008 was the 20th anniversary of the band, so Putnam celebrated it with several original lineup reunion shows with Tim Morse and Mike Mahan. By this point Linehan had yet again left the band, and Martin was again in jail. They played shows in Boston, Texas, and the West Coast. On November 17, 2008, the original Anal Cunt line-up (Seth Putnam, Mike Mahan, and Tim Morse) finished recording their 110 Song CD. The album was made as a celebration of the band's 20-year anniversary.", "Later that year, Anal Cunt decided on another European tour. Despite the fact that Tim Morse pulled out at the last minute, the tour still went ahead, with the band deciding to find a drummer while they were touring. The two drummers who auditioned were not fast enough for the band, so Anal Cunt decided to have them both playing the same drum kit at the same time for the beginning of the tour, before resorting to just using the faster of the two.", "Some more EPs followed, including the world's first acoustic noisecore record, the Unplugged EP, before Putnam finally decided to introduce some elements of \"real songs\" into the band's material. Seth Putnam and Tim Morse tried out this idea in a six-song session in 1992, just before Putnam successfully auditioned for the reformed thrashcore band Siege, but it was a while before the plans were fully realized. Later that year, Anal Cunt decided on another European tour.", "After the band's reformation, they decided they wanted to change their style to avoid getting bored again. The guitarist for the new, slightly more musical, Anal Cunt was originally supposed to be future member Paul Kraynak but ended up being Fred Ordonez, an ex-boxer. Some more EPs followed, including the world's first acoustic noisecore record, the Unplugged EP, before Putnam finally decided to introduce some elements of \"real songs\" into the band's material.", "They recorded their 88 Song EP later that year and after its release, a number of record labels started showing interest in the band, including Earache Records, with whom they would later sign a contract. A few releases later, Earache Records again made an offer to the band, this time to license the 5643 Song EP for a European pressing (and later to buy the whole pressing), but Anal Cunt continued to turn down such offers.", "The album was surrounded by much controversy: the label changed some of the song titles and also censored the lyrics to two of the songs. In May 2000, Anal Cunt were dropped from Earache Records due to distributor problems. Second breakup, reformation, and 20th anniversary (2000–2009) Despite being dropped by their label (although Earache did later make them an offer to come back, which they turned down) and Linehan leaving again in September 1999, Anal Cunt continued on, now with John Gillis on drums." ]

[ "Lyrics Anal Cunt were often cited as having common lyrical themes that include misogyny, homophobia, Nazism, antisemitism, racism, politics, criticism of popular culture, and ridicule of the unfortunate, although this has not always been the case. Many of these songs included insults and/or targets, either general or specific to one person, examples including African Americans, Jewish people, homosexuals, foreigners, victims of HIV/AIDS, rape, suicide and/or child abuse, school students, musicians, actors, and the citizens of Allston.", "Musical style and controversy Anal Cunt has been categorized as grindcore, noisecore, noisegrind and hardcore. Lyrics Anal Cunt were often cited as having common lyrical themes that include misogyny, homophobia, Nazism, antisemitism, racism, politics, criticism of popular culture, and ridicule of the unfortunate, although this has not always been the case.", "In Q magazine's 2005 book The Greatest Rock & Pop Miscellany Ever!, Anal Cunt was included in a list of \"25 Band Names That Should Have Stayed on the Drawing Board\". Putnam originally formed the band as a joke, and they were supposed to only record one demo and do one show; however, they were active up to 2011, despite several brief break-ups.", "It was not until then that Anal Cunt had earned the reputation for intentionally being outrageous and offensive. 2010 and 2011 saw the release of their final two albums; one of which is a \"cock rock\" album entitled Fuckin' A, and another being an album of material similar to their old grindcore albums called Wearing Out Our Welcome.", "Anal Cunt released the Defenders of the Hate full-length CD in 2007, which featured bonus out-of-print tracks, such as those from the 13 Bands Who Think You're Gay and Thrash of the Titans compilations, as well as the tracks from the split with Flächenbrand. Other releases that had been promised included a sequel to Picnic of Love (Picnic of Love II) and an Anal Cunt/Gay Bar split, featuring unreleased Anal Cunt material from the Putnam/Martin/Linehan era on one side and a recording of Seth Putnam in a gay bar on the other.", "However, the band managed to subvert even this abbreviation by drawing these letters in a manner resembling an anus and a vulva. The group's early material contained no pre-written lyrics or music. Rather, the band developed an entirely improvised style which consisted of extremely loud, fast, and aggressive noise. Over time, the band gradually shifted their style and slowly began to incorporate more riffs and pre-written lyrics into their songs. It was not until then that Anal Cunt had earned the reputation for intentionally being outrageous and offensive.", "Martin (now out of jail) soon returned to the band and got Linehan to return as well. Anal Cunt released the Defenders of the Hate full-length CD in 2007, which featured bonus out-of-print tracks, such as those from the 13 Bands Who Think You're Gay and Thrash of the Titans compilations, as well as the tracks from the split with Flächenbrand.", "Anal Cunt then released their next full-length release, I Like It When You Die, which they had recorded prior to the tour. This album was essentially a collection of insults and featured the songs \"You're Gay\" and \"Technology's Gay\", as well as a guest appearance from Kyle Severn from Incantation. A lot of the songs refer to things being \"gay\", as this was a common slang word in Massachusetts and in junior-high schools across the United States at the time.", "The band released a limited tour edition of the record as part of the tour. Anal Cunt issued an official press release at the end of December 2001 saying that they had broken up again. This time, the band seemed to have permanently disbanded, with only a few compilation tracks and the Very Rare Rehearsal from February 1989 CD being released.", "Most of the shows consisted of Putnam and Ordonez going into the crowd, punching people and destroying equipment, not only because of drunkenness but to conceal the fact that the drummer did not know their songs very well. This was also the tour that saw Putnam joining Fear of God on-stage as their drummer for one show and Putnam and Ordonez recording with Seven Minutes of Nausea. On returning to the U.S., Anal Cunt decided to get a second guitarist who could carry on playing with the drummer during the violence and shouting." ]

[ "Another common lyrical theme in the band's material was that of insulting other bands, or music in general. Such examples include the song titles \"Rancid Sucks (and The Clash Sucked Too)\", \"Limp Bizkit Think They're Black, but They're Just Gay\", \"Anyone Who Likes the Dillinger Escape Plan Is a Faggot\" and \"311 Sucks\". Next to this offensive material, some of their other songs were deliberately much more light-hearted, which was done to self-parody.", "Musical style and controversy Anal Cunt has been categorized as grindcore, noisecore, noisegrind and hardcore. Lyrics Anal Cunt were often cited as having common lyrical themes that include misogyny, homophobia, Nazism, antisemitism, racism, politics, criticism of popular culture, and ridicule of the unfortunate, although this has not always been the case.", "This theme of seemingly glorifying Adolf Hitler and his actions continued on their subsequent EPs, with songs such as \"Hitler Was a Sensitive Man\", \"I'm Hitler\", \"Body by Auschwitz\", \"I Went Back in Time and Voted for Hitler\" and \"Ha Ha Holocaust\". Another common lyrical theme in the band's material was that of insulting other bands, or music in general.", "Next to this offensive material, some of their other songs were deliberately much more light-hearted, which was done to self-parody. This includes the satirical Picnic of Love album, and also covers of songs completely different from their style including \"Can't Touch This\", \"Stayin' Alive\", \"Escape\", \"Electric Avenue\", \"The Theme From Three's Company\", \"You're Gonna Need Someone on Your Side\", \"Hungry Hungry Hippos\", and \"Just the Two of Us\", as well as their karaoke rendition of the Steve Miller Band song \"Abracadabra\" (intended to be a \"cover\" of \"Sabbra Cadabra\" by Black Sabbath).", "Many of these songs included insults and/or targets, either general or specific to one person, examples including African Americans, Jewish people, homosexuals, foreigners, victims of HIV/AIDS, rape, suicide and/or child abuse, school students, musicians, actors, and the citizens of Allston. The album I Like It When You Die developed the idea of containing insults in their songs, with a recurring song title being \"X Is Gay\", with examples including \"You're Gay\", \"Technology's Gay\", \"Recycling Is Gay\", \"The Internet Is Gay\", \"Windchimes Are Gay\" and even \"The Word 'Homophobic' Is Gay\".", "Seth Putnam admitted that they had sent material to publications they knew would hate it just to get bad reviews. Band members Final lineup Seth Putnam – vocals, guitars (1988–2001, 2003–2011; died 2011) Tim Morse – drums (1988–1996, 2008–2011) Josh Martin – guitars (1996–2001, 2006–2011; died 2018) Previous members Mike Mahan – guitars (1988–1990, 2008) Fred Ordonez – guitars (1991–1992, 1992–1993) John Kozik – guitars (1992–1995, 2003–2006) Paul Kraynak – guitars (1993, 1995) Scott Hull – guitars (1995) Nate Linehan – drums (1996–1999, 2003–2004, 2006–2007) John Gillis – drums (1999–2001, 2004–2006) Timeline Discography Everyone Should Be Killed (1994) Top 40 Hits (1995) 40 More Reasons to Hate Us (1996) I Like It When You Die (1997) Picnic of Love (1998) It Just Gets Worse (1999) Defenders of the Hate (2001) 110 Song CD (2008) Fuckin' A (2010) References External links Official page on MySpace American grindcore musical groups Noisecore musical groups Musical groups from Massachusetts Relapse Records artists Earache Records artists American musical trios Obscenity controversies in music Musical groups established in 1988 Musical groups disestablished in 1990 Musical groups reestablished in 1991 Musical groups disestablished in 2001 Musical groups reestablished in 2003 Musical groups disestablished in 2011 Musical parodies", "On their \"Another E.P\" 7 inch they covered \"Goon\" by Goon and Riverbottom Nightmare Band from The Muppets. They also played snippets of \"Why Not Try Suicide\" by P.T.L Klub and \"Breakin' The Law\" by Judas Priest. Criticism Critic Steve Huey called their album Morbid Florist \"barely listenable\". Seth Putnam admitted that they had sent material to publications they knew would hate it just to get bad reviews.", "Examples include \"You're Pregnant So I Kicked You in the Stomach\", \"I Lit Your Baby on Fire\" and \"Women: Nature's Punching Bag\". The lyrics to two of the songs on this album were altered, and one of the songs on this album had its name changed from \"Conor Clapton Committed Suicide Because His Father Sucks\" to \"Your Kid Committed Suicide Because You Suck\", because they were working for a record label in Britain, where libel laws are very stringent.", "The band even parodied this theme with the songs \"You (Fill in the Blank)\" and \"I'm in Anal Cunt\". The 1999 album, It Just Gets Worse, took the idea of intentional offense a step further with more extreme examples of racism and sexism. Examples include \"You're Pregnant So I Kicked You in the Stomach\", \"I Lit Your Baby on Fire\" and \"Women: Nature's Punching Bag\"." ]

[ "As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself.", "Lewis Fry Richardson, FRS (11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953) was an English mathematician, physicist, meteorologist, psychologist and pacifist who pioneered modern mathematical techniques of weather forecasting, and the application of similar techniques to studying the causes of wars and how to prevent them. He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration.", "See also Anomalous diffusion Arms race Coastline paradox Energy cascade War cycles Magnetic helicity Richardson extrapolation Richardson number Modified Richardson iteration Richards equation Multiscale turbulence Takebe Kenko Frederick W. Lanchester List of peace activists Notes References Wilkinson, David. Deadly Quarrels: Lewis F. Richardson and the Statistical Study of War (University of California Press, 2018) online review 320pp P.A. Davidson, Y. Kaneda, K. Moffatt, and K.R. Sreenivasan (eds, 2011).", "Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). A Voyage Through Turbulence, chapter 5, pp 187–208, Cambridge University Press 544pp \"A Quaker mathematician\" (Ch 8) and \"Richardson on war\" (Ch 9) 290pp Richardson, L.F. (1939). \"Generalized foreign politics\". The British Journal of Psychology, monograph supplement No. 23. Richardson, L.F. (1960). Statistics of deadly quarrels. Pacific Grove, CA: Boxwood Press.", "Factors he assessed included economics, language, and religion. In the preface of the latter, he wrote: \"There is in the world a great deal of brilliant, witty political discussion which leads to no settled convictions. My aim has been different: namely to examine a few notions by quantitative techniques in the hope of reaching a reliable answer.\" In Statistics of Deadly Quarrels Richardson presented data on virtually every war from 1815 to 1945. As a result, he hypothesized a base 10 logarithmic scale for conflicts.", "Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself. Solution of this system of equations allows insightful conclusions to be made regarding the nature, and the stability or instability, of various hypothetical conditions which might obtain between nations.", "For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace. As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory.", "Solution of this system of equations allows insightful conclusions to be made regarding the nature, and the stability or instability, of various hypothetical conditions which might obtain between nations. He also originated the theory that the propensity for war between two nations was a function of the length of their common border. And in Arms and Insecurity (1949), and Statistics of Deadly Quarrels (1960), he sought to analyse the causes of war statistically. Factors he assessed included economics, language, and religion." ]

[ "Lewis Fry Richardson, FRS (11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953) was an English mathematician, physicist, meteorologist, psychologist and pacifist who pioneered modern mathematical techniques of weather forecasting, and the application of similar techniques to studying the causes of wars and how to prevent them. He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration.", "However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure. When these are applied, Richardson's forecast is revealed to be essentially accurate—a remarkable achievement considering the calculations were done by hand, and while Richardson was serving with the Quaker ambulance unit in northern France. Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict.", "He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration. Early life Lewis Fry Richardson was the youngest of seven children born to Catherine Fry (1838–1919) and David Richardson (1835–1913). They were a prosperous Quaker family, David Richardson operating a successful tanning and leather-manufacturing business.", "Richardson attempted to use a mathematical model of the principal features of the atmosphere, and use data taken at a specific time (7 AM) to calculate the weather six hours later ab initio. As meteorologist Peter Lynch makes clear, Richardson's forecast failed dramatically, predicting a huge rise in pressure over six hours when the pressure actually was more or less static. However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure.", "As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself.", "Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict. For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace.", "Today, it is considered an element of the beginning of the modern study of fractals. Richardson's research was quoted by mathematician Benoît Mandelbrot in his 1967 paper How Long Is the Coast of Britain? Richardson identified a value (between 1 and 2) that would describe the changes (with increasing measurement detail) in observed complexity for a particular coastline; this value served as a model for the concept of fractal dimension.<ref>P.", "Weather forecasting Richardson's interest in meteorology led him to propose a scheme for weather forecasting by solution of differential equations, the method used nowadays, though when he published Weather Prediction by Numerical Process in 1922, suitable fast computing was unavailable. He described his ideas thus (his \"computers\" are human beings): \"After so much hard reasoning, may one play with a fantasy? Imagine a large hall like a theatre, except that the circles and galleries go right round through the space usually occupied by the stage.", "At age 47 he received a doctorate in mathematical psychology from the University of London. Career Richardson's working life represented his eclectic interests: National Physical Laboratory (1903–1904). University College Aberystwyth (1905–1906). Chemist, National Peat Industries (1906–1907). National Physical Laboratory (1907–1909). Manager of the physical and chemical laboratory, Sunbeam Lamp Company (1909–1912). Manchester College of Technology (1912–1913). Meteorological Office – as superintendent of Eskdalemuir Observatory (1913–1916). Friends Ambulance Unit in France (1916–1919).", "\"Calculator\" also referred to people at this time.) When news of the first weather forecast by the first modern computer, ENIAC, was received by Richardson in 1950, he responded that the results were an \"enormous scientific advance.\" The first calculations for a 24-hour forecast took ENIAC nearly 24 hours to produce. He was also interested in atmospheric turbulence and performed many terrestrial experiments. The Richardson number, a dimensionless parameter of the theory of turbulence is named for him." ]

[ "Lewis Fry Richardson, FRS (11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953) was an English mathematician, physicist, meteorologist, psychologist and pacifist who pioneered modern mathematical techniques of weather forecasting, and the application of similar techniques to studying the causes of wars and how to prevent them. He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration.", "He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration. Early life Lewis Fry Richardson was the youngest of seven children born to Catherine Fry (1838–1919) and David Richardson (1835–1913). They were a prosperous Quaker family, David Richardson operating a successful tanning and leather-manufacturing business.", "Richardson attempted to use a mathematical model of the principal features of the atmosphere, and use data taken at a specific time (7 AM) to calculate the weather six hours later ab initio. As meteorologist Peter Lynch makes clear, Richardson's forecast failed dramatically, predicting a huge rise in pressure over six hours when the pressure actually was more or less static. However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure.", "As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself.", "However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure. When these are applied, Richardson's forecast is revealed to be essentially accurate—a remarkable achievement considering the calculations were done by hand, and while Richardson was serving with the Quaker ambulance unit in northern France. Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict.", "At age 47 he received a doctorate in mathematical psychology from the University of London. Career Richardson's working life represented his eclectic interests: National Physical Laboratory (1903–1904). University College Aberystwyth (1905–1906). Chemist, National Peat Industries (1906–1907). National Physical Laboratory (1907–1909). Manager of the physical and chemical laboratory, Sunbeam Lamp Company (1909–1912). Manchester College of Technology (1912–1913). Meteorological Office – as superintendent of Eskdalemuir Observatory (1913–1916). Friends Ambulance Unit in France (1916–1919).", "A month later he registered a similar patent for acoustic echolocation in water, anticipating the invention of sonar by Paul Langevin and Robert Boyle 6 years later. In popular culture A fictional version of Richardson, named Wallace Ryman, plays a pivotal role in Giles Foden's novel Turbulence. Richardson is mentioned in John Brunner's work, Stand on Zanzibar where Statistics of Deadly Quarrels is used as an argument that wars are inevitable. Richardson's work is also mentioned in Poul Anderson's speculative fiction novelette, Kings Who Die.", "Legacy Since 1997, the Lewis Fry Richardson Medal has been awarded by the European Geosciences Union for \"exceptional contributions to nonlinear geophysics in general\" (by EGS until 2003 and by EGU since 2004). Winners have been: 2020: Valerio Lucarini 2019: Shaun Lovejoy 2018: Timothy N. Palmer 2017: Edward Ott 2016: Peter L. Read 2015: Daniel Schertzer 2014: Olivier Talagrand 2013: Jürgen Kurths 2012: Harry Swinney 2011: Catherine Nicolis 2010: Klaus Fraedrich 2009: Stéphan Fauve 2008: Akiva Yaglom 2007: Ulrich Schumann 2006: Roberto Benzi 2005: Henk A. Dijkstra 2004: Michael Ghil 2003: Uriel Frisch 2002: 2001: Julian Hunt 2000: Benoit Mandelbrot 1999: Raymond Hide 1998: Vladimir Keilis-Borok Since 1959, there has been a Peace Studies centre at Lancaster University named the Richardson Institute which carries out interdisciplinary research on peace and conflict in the spirit of Lewis Fry Richardson.", "Richardson's attempt at numerical forecast One of Richardson's most celebrated achievements is his retroactive attempt to forecast the weather during a single day—20 May 1910—by direct computation. At the time, meteorologists performed forecasts principally by looking for similar weather patterns from records, and then extrapolating forward. Richardson attempted to use a mathematical model of the principal features of the atmosphere, and use data taken at a specific time (7 AM) to calculate the weather six hours later ab initio.", "Weather forecasting Richardson's interest in meteorology led him to propose a scheme for weather forecasting by solution of differential equations, the method used nowadays, though when he published Weather Prediction by Numerical Process in 1922, suitable fast computing was unavailable. He described his ideas thus (his \"computers\" are human beings): \"After so much hard reasoning, may one play with a fantasy? Imagine a large hall like a theatre, except that the circles and galleries go right round through the space usually occupied by the stage." ]

[ "Lewis Fry Richardson, FRS (11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953) was an English mathematician, physicist, meteorologist, psychologist and pacifist who pioneered modern mathematical techniques of weather forecasting, and the application of similar techniques to studying the causes of wars and how to prevent them. He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration.", "As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself.", "Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict. For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace.", "However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure. When these are applied, Richardson's forecast is revealed to be essentially accurate—a remarkable achievement considering the calculations were done by hand, and while Richardson was serving with the Quaker ambulance unit in northern France. Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict.", "See also Anomalous diffusion Arms race Coastline paradox Energy cascade War cycles Magnetic helicity Richardson extrapolation Richardson number Modified Richardson iteration Richards equation Multiscale turbulence Takebe Kenko Frederick W. Lanchester List of peace activists Notes References Wilkinson, David. Deadly Quarrels: Lewis F. Richardson and the Statistical Study of War (University of California Press, 2018) online review 320pp P.A. Davidson, Y. Kaneda, K. Moffatt, and K.R. Sreenivasan (eds, 2011).", "He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration. Early life Lewis Fry Richardson was the youngest of seven children born to Catherine Fry (1838–1919) and David Richardson (1835–1913). They were a prosperous Quaker family, David Richardson operating a successful tanning and leather-manufacturing business.", "Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). A Voyage Through Turbulence, chapter 5, pp 187–208, Cambridge University Press 544pp \"A Quaker mathematician\" (Ch 8) and \"Richardson on war\" (Ch 9) 290pp Richardson, L.F. (1939). \"Generalized foreign politics\". The British Journal of Psychology, monograph supplement No. 23. Richardson, L.F. (1960). Statistics of deadly quarrels. Pacific Grove, CA: Boxwood Press.", "For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace. As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory.", "At age 47 he received a doctorate in mathematical psychology from the University of London. Career Richardson's working life represented his eclectic interests: National Physical Laboratory (1903–1904). University College Aberystwyth (1905–1906). Chemist, National Peat Industries (1906–1907). National Physical Laboratory (1907–1909). Manager of the physical and chemical laboratory, Sunbeam Lamp Company (1909–1912). Manchester College of Technology (1912–1913). Meteorological Office – as superintendent of Eskdalemuir Observatory (1913–1916). Friends Ambulance Unit in France (1916–1919)." ]

[ "Factors he assessed included economics, language, and religion. In the preface of the latter, he wrote: \"There is in the world a great deal of brilliant, witty political discussion which leads to no settled convictions. My aim has been different: namely to examine a few notions by quantitative techniques in the hope of reaching a reliable answer.\" In Statistics of Deadly Quarrels Richardson presented data on virtually every war from 1815 to 1945. As a result, he hypothesized a base 10 logarithmic scale for conflicts.", "The reason for these inconsistencies is the \"coastline paradox\". Suppose the coast of Britain is measured using a 200 km ruler, specifying that both ends of the ruler must touch the coast. Now cut the ruler in half and repeat the measurement, then repeat: Notice that the smaller the ruler, the longer the resulting coastline. It might be supposed that these values would converge to a finite number representing the true length of the coastline.", "Today, it is considered an element of the beginning of the modern study of fractals. Richardson's research was quoted by mathematician Benoît Mandelbrot in his 1967 paper How Long Is the Coast of Britain? Richardson identified a value (between 1 and 2) that would describe the changes (with increasing measurement detail) in observed complexity for a particular coastline; this value served as a model for the concept of fractal dimension.<ref>P.", "Richardson identified a value (between 1 and 2) that would describe the changes (with increasing measurement detail) in observed complexity for a particular coastline; this value served as a model for the concept of fractal dimension.<ref>P. G. Drazin, \"Fractals\"; Collected Papers of Lewis Fry Richardson, Volume 1; Cambridge University Press, 1993; p. 45.</ref> Patents for detection of icebergs In April 1912, soon after the loss of the ship Titanic, Richardson registered a patent for iceberg detection using acoustic echolocation in air.", "\"Calculator\" also referred to people at this time.) When news of the first weather forecast by the first modern computer, ENIAC, was received by Richardson in 1950, he responded that the results were an \"enormous scientific advance.\" The first calculations for a 24-hour forecast took ENIAC nearly 24 hours to produce. He was also interested in atmospheric turbulence and performed many terrestrial experiments. The Richardson number, a dimensionless parameter of the theory of turbulence is named for him.", "In another building are all the usual financial, correspondence and administrative offices. Outside are playing fields, houses, mountains and lakes, for it was thought that those who compute the weather should breathe of it freely.\" (Richardson 1922) (The word \"computers\" is used here in its original sense – people who did computations, not machines. \"Calculator\" also referred to people at this time.)", "Numerous little \"night signs\" display the instantaneous values so that neighbouring computers can read them. Each number is thus displayed in three adjacent zones so as to maintain communication to the North and South on the map. From the floor of the pit a tall pillar rises to half the height of the hall. It carries a large pulpit on its top. In this sits the man in charge of the whole theatre; he is surrounded by several assistants and messengers.", "It might be supposed that these values would converge to a finite number representing the true length of the coastline. However, Richardson demonstrated that this is not the case: the measured length of coastlines, and other natural features, increases without limit as the unit of measurement is made smaller. This is known nowadays as the Richardson effect. At the time, Richardson's research was ignored by the scientific community. Today, it is considered an element of the beginning of the modern study of fractals.", "But instead of waving a baton he turns a beam of rosy light upon any region that is running ahead of the rest, and a beam of blue light upon those who are behindhand. Four senior clerks in the central pulpit are collecting the future weather as fast as it is being computed, and despatching it by pneumatic carrier to a quiet room. There it will be coded and telephoned to the radio transmitting station. Messengers carry piles of used computing forms down to a storehouse in the cellar." ]

[ "Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict. For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace.", "See also Anomalous diffusion Arms race Coastline paradox Energy cascade War cycles Magnetic helicity Richardson extrapolation Richardson number Modified Richardson iteration Richards equation Multiscale turbulence Takebe Kenko Frederick W. Lanchester List of peace activists Notes References Wilkinson, David. Deadly Quarrels: Lewis F. Richardson and the Statistical Study of War (University of California Press, 2018) online review 320pp P.A. Davidson, Y. Kaneda, K. Moffatt, and K.R. Sreenivasan (eds, 2011).", "As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself.", "Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). Sreenivasan (eds, 2011). A Voyage Through Turbulence, chapter 5, pp 187–208, Cambridge University Press 544pp \"A Quaker mathematician\" (Ch 8) and \"Richardson on war\" (Ch 9) 290pp Richardson, L.F. (1939). \"Generalized foreign politics\". The British Journal of Psychology, monograph supplement No. 23. Richardson, L.F. (1960). Statistics of deadly quarrels. Pacific Grove, CA: Boxwood Press.", "However, detailed analysis by Lynch has shown that the cause was a failure to apply smoothing techniques to the data, which rule out unphysical surges in pressure. When these are applied, Richardson's forecast is revealed to be essentially accurate—a remarkable achievement considering the calculations were done by hand, and while Richardson was serving with the Quaker ambulance unit in northern France. Mathematical analysis of war Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict.", "Factors he assessed included economics, language, and religion. In the preface of the latter, he wrote: \"There is in the world a great deal of brilliant, witty political discussion which leads to no settled convictions. My aim has been different: namely to examine a few notions by quantitative techniques in the hope of reaching a reliable answer.\" In Statistics of Deadly Quarrels Richardson presented data on virtually every war from 1815 to 1945. As a result, he hypothesized a base 10 logarithmic scale for conflicts.", "Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself. Solution of this system of equations allows insightful conclusions to be made regarding the nature, and the stability or instability, of various hypothetical conditions which might obtain between nations.", "Solution of this system of equations allows insightful conclusions to be made regarding the nature, and the stability or instability, of various hypothetical conditions which might obtain between nations. He also originated the theory that the propensity for war between two nations was a function of the length of their common border. And in Arms and Insecurity (1949), and Statistics of Deadly Quarrels (1960), he sought to analyse the causes of war statistically. Factors he assessed included economics, language, and religion.", "For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict—an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace. As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory.", "Lewis Fry Richardson, FRS (11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953) was an English mathematician, physicist, meteorologist, psychologist and pacifist who pioneered modern mathematical techniques of weather forecasting, and the application of similar techniques to studying the causes of wars and how to prevent them. He is also noted for his pioneering work concerning fractals and a method for solving a system of linear equations known as modified Richardson iteration." ]

[ "He lives in Berlin. He lives in Berlin. Career After performing in Buenos Aires, Barenboim made his international debut as a pianist at the age of 10 in 1952 in Vienna and Rome. In 1955 he performed in Paris, in 1956 in London, and in 1957 in New York under the baton of Leopold Stokowski. Regular concert tours of Europe, the United States, South America, Australia and the Far East followed thereafter.", "Daniel Barenboim (; in , born 15 November 1942) is a pianist and conductor who is a citizen of Argentina, Israel, Palestine, and Spain. The current general music director of the Berlin State Opera and the Staatskapelle Berlin, Barenboim previously served as Music Director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre de Paris and La Scala in Milan.", "Barenboim is a polyglot, fluent in Spanish, Hebrew, English, French, Italian, and German. A self-described Spinozist, he is significantly influenced by Spinoza's life and thought. Biography Daniel Barenboim was born on 15 November 1942 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to Jewish parents Aida (née Schuster) and Enrique Barenboim, both professional pianists. He started piano lessons at the age of five with his mother, continuing to study with his father, who remained his only teacher.", "He and Bashkirova married in 1988. He and Bashkirova married in 1988. Both sons are part of the music world: David is a manager-writer for the German hip-hop band Level 8, and Michael Barenboim is a classical violinist. Citizenship Barenboim holds citizenship in Argentina, Israel, Palestine, and Spain, and was the first person to hold Palestinian and Israeli citizenship simultaneously. He lives in Berlin.", "Two years later, in the summer of 1954, his parents took him to Salzburg to take part in Igor Markevitch's conducting classes. During that summer he also met and played for Wilhelm Furtwängler, who has remained a central musical influence and ideal for Barenboim. Furtwängler called the young Barenboim a \"phenomenon\" and invited him to perform the Beethoven First Piano Concerto with the Berlin Philharmonic, but Barenboim's father considered it too soon after the Second World War for a Jewish boy to go to Germany.", "Furtwängler called the young Barenboim a \"phenomenon\" and invited him to perform the Beethoven First Piano Concerto with the Berlin Philharmonic, but Barenboim's father considered it too soon after the Second World War for a Jewish boy to go to Germany. In 1955 Barenboim studied harmony and composition with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. On 15 June 1967, Barenboim and British cellist Jacqueline du Pré were married in Jerusalem at a Western Wall ceremony, du Pré having converted to Judaism.", "Livnat accused him of attacking the state of Israel, to which Barenboim replied that he had not done so, but that he instead had cited the text of the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Performing in the West Bank and Gaza Strip Barenboim has performed several times in the West Bank: at Bir Zeit University in 1999 and several times in Ramallah. In December 2007, Barenboim and 20 musicians from Britain, the United States, France and Germany, and one Palestinian were scheduled to play a baroque music concert in Gaza.", "During the Gulf War, he and an orchestra performed in Israel in gas masks. Barenboim has argued publicly for a two-state solution for Israelis and Palestinians. In a November 2014 opinion piece in The Guardian, he wrote that the \"ongoing security of the state of Israel ... is only possible in the long term if the future of the Palestinian people, too, is secured in its own sovereign state.", "He returned to conduct the 2014 Vienna New Year's Concert, and also conducted the 2022 Concert. In 2014, construction began on the Barenboim–Said Academy in Berlin. A joint project Barenboim developed with Palestinian-American scholar Edward Said, the academy was planned as a site for young music students from the Arab world and Israel to study music and humanities in Berlin. It opened its doors on 8 December 2016. In 2017, the Pierre Boulez Saal opened as the public face of the academy." ]

[ "Daniel Barenboim (; in , born 15 November 1942) is a pianist and conductor who is a citizen of Argentina, Israel, Palestine, and Spain. The current general music director of the Berlin State Opera and the Staatskapelle Berlin, Barenboim previously served as Music Director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre de Paris and La Scala in Milan.", "Honorary degrees Doctor of Philosophy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1996 Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2003 Doctor of Music, University of Oxford, 2007 Doctor of Music, SOAS, University of London, 2008 Doctor of Music, Royal Academy of Music, 2010 Doctor of Philosophy, Weizmann Institute of Science, 2013 University of Florence, 2020 Grammy Awards Barenboim received 6 Grammy Awards. Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording: Christoph Classen (producer), Eberhard Sengpiel, Tobias Lehmann (engineers), Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Jane Eaglen, Thomas Hampson, Waltraud Meier, René Pape, Peter Seiffert, the Chor der Deutschen Staatsoper Berlin & the Staatskapelle Berlin for Wagner: Tannhäuser (2003) Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance: Daniel Barenboim, Dale Clevenger, Larry Combs, Daniele Damiano, Hansjörg Schellenberger & the Berlin Philharmonic for Beethoven/Mozart: Quintets (Chicago-Berlin) (1995) Daniel Barenboim & Itzhak Perlman for Brahms: The Three Violin Sonatas (1991) Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance: Daniel Barenboim (conductor) & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Corigliano: Symphony No.", "He lives in Berlin. He lives in Berlin. Career After performing in Buenos Aires, Barenboim made his international debut as a pianist at the age of 10 in 1952 in Vienna and Rome. In 1955 he performed in Paris, in 1956 in London, and in 1957 in New York under the baton of Leopold Stokowski. Regular concert tours of Europe, the United States, South America, Australia and the Far East followed thereafter.", "My problem is more with someone who tries to imitate the sound of that time ... Recordings In the beginning of his career, Barenboim concentrated on music of the classical era, as well as some romantic composers. He made his first recording in 1954. Notable classical recordings include the complete cycles of Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert's piano sonatas, Beethoven's piano concertos (with the New Philharmonia Orchestra and Otto Klemperer), and Mozart's piano concertos (conducting the English Chamber Orchestra from the piano).", "Honorary Member of the Berliner Philharmoniker Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts, 2015 Elgar Medal, 2015 Minor planet 7163 Barenboim is named after him. Honorary degrees Doctor of Philosophy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1996 Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2003 Doctor of Music, University of Oxford, 2007 Doctor of Music, SOAS, University of London, 2008 Doctor of Music, Royal Academy of Music, 2010 Doctor of Philosophy, Weizmann Institute of Science, 2013 University of Florence, 2020 Grammy Awards Barenboim received 6 Grammy Awards.", "Awards and recognition Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, 2002 Prince of Asturias Awards, 2002 (jointly with Edward Said) Toleranzpreis der Evangelischen Akademie Tutzing, 2002 Wilhelm Furtwängler Prize, 2003 (with Staatskapelle Berlin) Buber-Rosenzweig-Medal, 2004 Wolf Prize in Arts, 2004 (According to the documentary \"Knowledge Is the Beginning\", Barenboim donated all the proceeds to music education for Israeli and Palestinian youth) Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2005; Ernst von Siemens Music Prize, 2006 Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, 2007 Commander of the Legion of Honour, 2007 Goethe Medal, 2007 Praemium Imperiale, 2007 Nominated \"Honorary Guide\" by UFO religion Raëlian Movement, 2008 International Service Award for the Global Defence of Human Rights, 2008 Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medal, 2008 Istanbul International Music Festival Lifetime Achievement Award, 2009; In 2009 Konex Foundation from Argentina granted him the Diamond Konex Award for Classical Music as the most important musician in the last decade in his country. Léonie Sonning Music Prize, 2009 Westphalian Peace Prize (Westfälischer Friedenspreis), in 2010, for his striving for dialog in the Near East; Otto Hahn Peace Medal (Otto-Hahn-Friedensmedaille) of the United Nations Association of Germany (DGVN), Berlin-Brandenburg, for his efforts in promoting peace, humanity and international understanding, 2010; Grand Officier of the Légion d'honneur, 2011 Edison Award for Lifetime Achievement 2011, the most prestigious music award of The Netherlands Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE), 2011 Dresden Peace Prize, 2011 International Willy-Brandt Prize, 2011 In 2012, he was voted into the Gramophone Hall of Fame.", "Furtwängler called the young Barenboim a \"phenomenon\" and invited him to perform the Beethoven First Piano Concerto with the Berlin Philharmonic, but Barenboim's father considered it too soon after the Second World War for a Jewish boy to go to Germany. In 1955 Barenboim studied harmony and composition with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. On 15 June 1967, Barenboim and British cellist Jacqueline du Pré were married in Jerusalem at a Western Wall ceremony, du Pré having converted to Judaism.", "1 (1992) Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra): Martin Fouqué (producer), Eberhard Sengpiel (engineer), Daniel Barenboim (conductor / piano), Dale Clevenger, Larry Combs, Alex Klein, David McGill & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Richard Strauss Wind Concertos (Horn Concerto; Oboe Concerto, etc.) (2002) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Itzhak Perlman & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Elgar: Violin Concerto in B Minor (1983) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Arthur Rubinstein & the London Philharmonic Orchestra for Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos (1977) (also awarded Grammy Award for Best Classical Album) Straight-strung piano In 2017, Barenboim unveiled a piano that has straight-strung bass strings, as opposed to the crossed-stringed modern instrument." ]

[ "Daniel Barenboim (; in , born 15 November 1942) is a pianist and conductor who is a citizen of Argentina, Israel, Palestine, and Spain. The current general music director of the Berlin State Opera and the Staatskapelle Berlin, Barenboim previously served as Music Director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre de Paris and La Scala in Milan.", "He has also performed and recorded the Concierto de Aranjuez by Rodrigo and Villa-Lobos guitar concerto with John Williams as the guitar soloist. By the late 1990s, Barenboim had widened his concert repertoire, performing works by baroque as well as twentieth-century classical composers. Examples include: J. S. Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier (which he has played since childhood) and Goldberg Variations, Albeniz's Iberia, and Debussy's Préludes.", "He lives in Berlin. He lives in Berlin. Career After performing in Buenos Aires, Barenboim made his international debut as a pianist at the age of 10 in 1952 in Vienna and Rome. In 1955 he performed in Paris, in 1956 in London, and in 1957 in New York under the baton of Leopold Stokowski. Regular concert tours of Europe, the United States, South America, Australia and the Far East followed thereafter.", "(2002) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Itzhak Perlman & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Elgar: Violin Concerto in B Minor (1983) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Arthur Rubinstein & the London Philharmonic Orchestra for Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos (1977) (also awarded Grammy Award for Best Classical Album) Straight-strung piano In 2017, Barenboim unveiled a piano that has straight-strung bass strings, as opposed to the crossed-stringed modern instrument. He was inspired by Liszt's Erard piano, which has straight strings.", "1 (1992) Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra): Martin Fouqué (producer), Eberhard Sengpiel (engineer), Daniel Barenboim (conductor / piano), Dale Clevenger, Larry Combs, Alex Klein, David McGill & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Richard Strauss Wind Concertos (Horn Concerto; Oboe Concerto, etc.) (2002) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Itzhak Perlman & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Elgar: Violin Concerto in B Minor (1983) Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Arthur Rubinstein & the London Philharmonic Orchestra for Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos (1977) (also awarded Grammy Award for Best Classical Album) Straight-strung piano In 2017, Barenboim unveiled a piano that has straight-strung bass strings, as opposed to the crossed-stringed modern instrument.", "My problem is more with someone who tries to imitate the sound of that time ... Recordings In the beginning of his career, Barenboim concentrated on music of the classical era, as well as some romantic composers. He made his first recording in 1954. Notable classical recordings include the complete cycles of Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert's piano sonatas, Beethoven's piano concertos (with the New Philharmonia Orchestra and Otto Klemperer), and Mozart's piano concertos (conducting the English Chamber Orchestra from the piano).", "Honorary degrees Doctor of Philosophy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1996 Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2003 Doctor of Music, University of Oxford, 2007 Doctor of Music, SOAS, University of London, 2008 Doctor of Music, Royal Academy of Music, 2010 Doctor of Philosophy, Weizmann Institute of Science, 2013 University of Florence, 2020 Grammy Awards Barenboim received 6 Grammy Awards. Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording: Christoph Classen (producer), Eberhard Sengpiel, Tobias Lehmann (engineers), Daniel Barenboim (conductor), Jane Eaglen, Thomas Hampson, Waltraud Meier, René Pape, Peter Seiffert, the Chor der Deutschen Staatsoper Berlin & the Staatskapelle Berlin for Wagner: Tannhäuser (2003) Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance: Daniel Barenboim, Dale Clevenger, Larry Combs, Daniele Damiano, Hansjörg Schellenberger & the Berlin Philharmonic for Beethoven/Mozart: Quintets (Chicago-Berlin) (1995) Daniel Barenboim & Itzhak Perlman for Brahms: The Three Violin Sonatas (1991) Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance: Daniel Barenboim (conductor) & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Corigliano: Symphony No.", "Barenboim also recorded many chamber works, especially in collaboration with his first wife, Jacqueline du Pré, the violinist Itzhak Perlman, and the violinist and violist Pinchas Zukerman. Noted performances include: the complete Mozart violin sonatas (with Perlman), Brahms's violin sonatas (live concert with Perlman, previously in the studio with Zukerman), Beethoven's and Brahms's cello sonatas (with du Pré), Beethoven's and Tchaikovsky's piano trios (with du Pré and Zukerman), and Schubert's Trout Quintet (with du Pré, Perlman, Zukerman, and Zubin Mehta).", "Furtwängler called the young Barenboim a \"phenomenon\" and invited him to perform the Beethoven First Piano Concerto with the Berlin Philharmonic, but Barenboim's father considered it too soon after the Second World War for a Jewish boy to go to Germany. In 1955 Barenboim studied harmony and composition with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. On 15 June 1967, Barenboim and British cellist Jacqueline du Pré were married in Jerusalem at a Western Wall ceremony, du Pré having converted to Judaism." ]

[ "Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, École normale supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.", "Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). West, Thomas G. The Claremont Institute, The Claremont Institute Blog Writings. \"Allan Bloom and America\" June 1, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal.", "Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about. [But] Allan was certainly one.\" Personal life Bloom was gay. His public anti-gay stance led to posthumous accusations of hypocrisy. Whether or not he died of AIDS is a subject of controversy. Selected works Bloom, Allan, and Harry V. Jaffa. 1964. Shakespeare's Politics.", "Innovative Higher Education 23, no. 2, 103. 2, 103. External links Keith Botsford, Obituary: Professor Allan Bloom, The Independent, October 12, 1992 DePauw University News \"Closing of the American Mind Author Allan Bloom Calls on DePauw Students to Seize \"Charmed Years\". Ubben Lecture Series: September 11, 1987, Greencastle, Indiana. (Accessed May 16, 2007). Patner, Andrew. Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000.", "Saul Bellow wrote Ravelstein, a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago. Early life and education Allan Bloom was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1930 to second-generation Jewish parents who were both social workers. The couple had a daughter, Lucille, two years earlier. As a thirteen-year-old, Bloom read a Readers Digest article about the University of Chicago and told his parents he wanted to attend; his parents thought it was unreasonable and did not encourage his hopes.", "After returning to Chicago, he befriended and taught courses with Saul Bellow. In 1987 Bellow wrote the preface to The Closing of the American Mind. Bloom's last book, which he dictated while in the hospital dying, and which was published posthumously, was Love and Friendship, an offering of interpretations on the meaning of love. There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS.", "You cannot read his account of Rousseau's La nouvelle Heloise without wanting to go back and read it—more closely—again ... Bloom had a gift for reading reality—the impulse to put your loving face to it and press your hands against it\". Recollecting his friend in an interview, Bellow said \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled.", "There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS. Bloom's friends do not deny his homosexuality, but whether he actually died of AIDS remains disputed. Philosophy Bloom's work is not easily categorized, yet there is a thread that links all of his published material. He was concerned with preserving a philosophical way of life for future generations. He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing.", "Bloom earned his Ph.D. from the Committee on Social Thought in 1955. He subsequently studied under the influential Hegelian philosopher Alexandre Kojève in Paris, whose lectures Bloom would later introduce to the English-speaking world. While teaching philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, he befriended Raymond Aron, amongst many other philosophers. Among the American expatriate community in Paris, his friends included writer Susan Sontag. Career and death Bloom studied and taught in Paris (1953–55) at the École Normale Supérieure, and Germany (1957).", "Academic Questions 2, no. Academic Questions 2, no. 4: 56. Edington, Robert V. 1990. \"Allan Bloom's message to the state universities\". Perspectives on Political Science; 19, no. 3 Fulford, Robert. \"Saul Bellow, Allan Bloom, and Abe Ravelstein.\" Globe and Mail, November 2, 1999. Goldstein, William. \"The Story behind the Best Seller: Allan Bloom's Closing of the American Mind.\" Publishers Weekly. July 3, 1987." ]

[ "Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, École normale supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.", "Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about. [But] Allan was certainly one.\" Personal life Bloom was gay. His public anti-gay stance led to posthumous accusations of hypocrisy. Whether or not he died of AIDS is a subject of controversy. Selected works Bloom, Allan, and Harry V. Jaffa. 1964. Shakespeare's Politics.", "There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS. Bloom's friends do not deny his homosexuality, but whether he actually died of AIDS remains disputed. Philosophy Bloom's work is not easily categorized, yet there is a thread that links all of his published material. He was concerned with preserving a philosophical way of life for future generations. He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing.", "You cannot read his account of Rousseau's La nouvelle Heloise without wanting to go back and read it—more closely—again ... Bloom had a gift for reading reality—the impulse to put your loving face to it and press your hands against it\". Recollecting his friend in an interview, Bellow said \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled.", "Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). West, Thomas G. The Claremont Institute, The Claremont Institute Blog Writings. \"Allan Bloom and America\" June 1, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal.", "Saul Bellow wrote Ravelstein, a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago. Early life and education Allan Bloom was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1930 to second-generation Jewish parents who were both social workers. The couple had a daughter, Lucille, two years earlier. As a thirteen-year-old, Bloom read a Readers Digest article about the University of Chicago and told his parents he wanted to attend; his parents thought it was unreasonable and did not encourage his hopes.", "Innovative Higher Education 23, no. 2, 103. 2, 103. External links Keith Botsford, Obituary: Professor Allan Bloom, The Independent, October 12, 1992 DePauw University News \"Closing of the American Mind Author Allan Bloom Calls on DePauw Students to Seize \"Charmed Years\". Ubben Lecture Series: September 11, 1987, Greencastle, Indiana. (Accessed May 16, 2007). Patner, Andrew. Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000.", "After returning to Chicago, he befriended and taught courses with Saul Bellow. In 1987 Bellow wrote the preface to The Closing of the American Mind. Bloom's last book, which he dictated while in the hospital dying, and which was published posthumously, was Love and Friendship, an offering of interpretations on the meaning of love. There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS.", "A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal. Bloom's Lectures on Socrates, Aristotle, Machiavelli and Nietzsche at Boston University (1983) Allan Bloom in philosophical discussion American cultural critics American people of German-Jewish descent Philosophers from Indiana Philosophers from Illinois Cornell University faculty University of Chicago faculty University of Toronto faculty University of Chicago alumni Writers from Indianapolis Writers from Chicago Critics of postmodernism Jewish American writers LGBT Jews LGBT people from Indiana Jewish philosophers American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy 1930 births 1992 deaths AIDS-related deaths in Illinois National Humanities Medal recipients American gay writers Gay academics Jewish American academics Political scientists who studied under Leo Strauss 20th-century American historians American male non-fiction writers 20th-century American male writers Historians from Illinois John M. Olin Foundation", "In an article on Bloom for The New Republic in 2000, conservative commentator Andrew Sullivan wrote that \"reading [Bloom] ... one feels he has not merely understood Nietzsche; he has imbibed him. But this awareness of the abyss moved Bloom, unlike Nietzsche, toward love and political conservatism. Love, whether for the truth or for another, because it can raise us out of the abyss. Political conservatism because it best restrains the chaos that modernity threatens\"." ]

[ "Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, École normale supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.", "Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about. [But] Allan was certainly one.\" Personal life Bloom was gay. His public anti-gay stance led to posthumous accusations of hypocrisy. Whether or not he died of AIDS is a subject of controversy. Selected works Bloom, Allan, and Harry V. Jaffa. 1964. Shakespeare's Politics.", "Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). West, Thomas G. The Claremont Institute, The Claremont Institute Blog Writings. \"Allan Bloom and America\" June 1, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal.", "Innovative Higher Education 23, no. 2, 103. 2, 103. External links Keith Botsford, Obituary: Professor Allan Bloom, The Independent, October 12, 1992 DePauw University News \"Closing of the American Mind Author Allan Bloom Calls on DePauw Students to Seize \"Charmed Years\". Ubben Lecture Series: September 11, 1987, Greencastle, Indiana. (Accessed May 16, 2007). Patner, Andrew. Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000.", "There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS. Bloom's friends do not deny his homosexuality, but whether he actually died of AIDS remains disputed. Philosophy Bloom's work is not easily categorized, yet there is a thread that links all of his published material. He was concerned with preserving a philosophical way of life for future generations. He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing.", "A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal. Bloom's Lectures on Socrates, Aristotle, Machiavelli and Nietzsche at Boston University (1983) Allan Bloom in philosophical discussion American cultural critics American people of German-Jewish descent Philosophers from Indiana Philosophers from Illinois Cornell University faculty University of Chicago faculty University of Toronto faculty University of Chicago alumni Writers from Indianapolis Writers from Chicago Critics of postmodernism Jewish American writers LGBT Jews LGBT people from Indiana Jewish philosophers American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy 1930 births 1992 deaths AIDS-related deaths in Illinois National Humanities Medal recipients American gay writers Gay academics Jewish American academics Political scientists who studied under Leo Strauss 20th-century American historians American male non-fiction writers 20th-century American male writers Historians from Illinois John M. Olin Foundation", "After returning to Chicago, he befriended and taught courses with Saul Bellow. In 1987 Bellow wrote the preface to The Closing of the American Mind. Bloom's last book, which he dictated while in the hospital dying, and which was published posthumously, was Love and Friendship, an offering of interpretations on the meaning of love. There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS.", "Bloom went on to teach at Yale from 1960 to 1963, at Cornell until 1970, and at the University of Toronto until 1979, when he returned to the University of Chicago. Among Bloom's former students are prominent journalists, government officials and political scientists such as Francis Fukuyama, Robert Kraynak, Pierre Hassner, Clifford Orwin, Janet Ajzenstat, John Ibbitson, and Thomas Pangle.", "Treating it for the first time with genuine philosophical interest, he gave fresh attention to the industry, its target-marketing to children and teenagers, its top performers, its place in the late-capitalist bourgeois economy, and its pretensions to liberation and freedom. Some critics, including the popular musician Frank Zappa, argued that Bloom's view of pop music was based on the same ideas that critics of pop \"in 1950s held, ideas about the preservation of 'traditional' white American society\".", "You cannot read his account of Rousseau's La nouvelle Heloise without wanting to go back and read it—more closely—again ... Bloom had a gift for reading reality—the impulse to put your loving face to it and press your hands against it\". Recollecting his friend in an interview, Bellow said \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled." ]

[ "Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, École normale supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.", "Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about. [But] Allan was certainly one.\" Personal life Bloom was gay. His public anti-gay stance led to posthumous accusations of hypocrisy. Whether or not he died of AIDS is a subject of controversy. Selected works Bloom, Allan, and Harry V. Jaffa. 1964. Shakespeare's Politics.", "There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS. Bloom's friends do not deny his homosexuality, but whether he actually died of AIDS remains disputed. Philosophy Bloom's work is not easily categorized, yet there is a thread that links all of his published material. He was concerned with preserving a philosophical way of life for future generations. He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing.", "You cannot read his account of Rousseau's La nouvelle Heloise without wanting to go back and read it—more closely—again ... Bloom had a gift for reading reality—the impulse to put your loving face to it and press your hands against it\". Recollecting his friend in an interview, Bellow said \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled.", "Innovative Higher Education 23, no. 2, 103. 2, 103. External links Keith Botsford, Obituary: Professor Allan Bloom, The Independent, October 12, 1992 DePauw University News \"Closing of the American Mind Author Allan Bloom Calls on DePauw Students to Seize \"Charmed Years\". Ubben Lecture Series: September 11, 1987, Greencastle, Indiana. (Accessed May 16, 2007). Patner, Andrew. Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000.", "A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal. Bloom's Lectures on Socrates, Aristotle, Machiavelli and Nietzsche at Boston University (1983) Allan Bloom in philosophical discussion American cultural critics American people of German-Jewish descent Philosophers from Indiana Philosophers from Illinois Cornell University faculty University of Chicago faculty University of Toronto faculty University of Chicago alumni Writers from Indianapolis Writers from Chicago Critics of postmodernism Jewish American writers LGBT Jews LGBT people from Indiana Jewish philosophers American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy 1930 births 1992 deaths AIDS-related deaths in Illinois National Humanities Medal recipients American gay writers Gay academics Jewish American academics Political scientists who studied under Leo Strauss 20th-century American historians American male non-fiction writers 20th-century American male writers Historians from Illinois John M. Olin Foundation", "Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). West, Thomas G. The Claremont Institute, The Claremont Institute Blog Writings. \"Allan Bloom and America\" June 1, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal.", "Interpretation. 16 Fall 1988. Kahan, Jeffrey. Kahan, Jeffrey. 2002. \"Shakespeare on Love and Friendship.\" Women's Studies 31, no. 4, 529. Kinzel, Till. 2002. Platonische Kulturkritik in Amerika. Studien zu Allan Blooms The Closing of the American Mind. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. Matthews, Fred. \"The Attack on 'Historicism': Allan Bloom's Indictment of Contemporary American Historical Scholarship.\" American Historical Review 95, no. 2, 429.", "Saul Bellow wrote Ravelstein, a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago. Early life and education Allan Bloom was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1930 to second-generation Jewish parents who were both social workers. The couple had a daughter, Lucille, two years earlier. As a thirteen-year-old, Bloom read a Readers Digest article about the University of Chicago and told his parents he wanted to attend; his parents thought it was unreasonable and did not encourage his hopes.", "He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing. His writings may be placed into two categories: scholarly (e.g., Plato's Republic) and popular political commentary (e.g., The Closing of the American Mind). On the surface, this is a valid distinction, yet closer examinations of Bloom's works reveal a direct connection between the two types of expression, which reflect his view of philosophy and the role of the philosopher in political life." ]

[ "Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about. [But] Allan was certainly one.\" Personal life Bloom was gay. His public anti-gay stance led to posthumous accusations of hypocrisy. Whether or not he died of AIDS is a subject of controversy. Selected works Bloom, Allan, and Harry V. Jaffa. 1964. Shakespeare's Politics.", "Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, École normale supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.", "There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS. Bloom's friends do not deny his homosexuality, but whether he actually died of AIDS remains disputed. Philosophy Bloom's work is not easily categorized, yet there is a thread that links all of his published material. He was concerned with preserving a philosophical way of life for future generations. He strove to do this through both scholarly and popular writing.", "Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). West, Thomas G. The Claremont Institute, The Claremont Institute Blog Writings. \"Allan Bloom and America\" June 1, 2000. (Accessed May 16, 2007). A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal.", "Innovative Higher Education 23, no. 2, 103. 2, 103. External links Keith Botsford, Obituary: Professor Allan Bloom, The Independent, October 12, 1992 DePauw University News \"Closing of the American Mind Author Allan Bloom Calls on DePauw Students to Seize \"Charmed Years\". Ubben Lecture Series: September 11, 1987, Greencastle, Indiana. (Accessed May 16, 2007). Patner, Andrew. Chicago Sun-Times, \"Allan Bloom, warts and all\" April 16, 2000.", "A review of Political Philosophy & the Human Soul: Essays in Memory of Allan Bloom by Michael Palmer and Thomas L. Pangle, in Conference Journal. Bloom's Lectures on Socrates, Aristotle, Machiavelli and Nietzsche at Boston University (1983) Allan Bloom in philosophical discussion American cultural critics American people of German-Jewish descent Philosophers from Indiana Philosophers from Illinois Cornell University faculty University of Chicago faculty University of Toronto faculty University of Chicago alumni Writers from Indianapolis Writers from Chicago Critics of postmodernism Jewish American writers LGBT Jews LGBT people from Indiana Jewish philosophers American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy 1930 births 1992 deaths AIDS-related deaths in Illinois National Humanities Medal recipients American gay writers Gay academics Jewish American academics Political scientists who studied under Leo Strauss 20th-century American historians American male non-fiction writers 20th-century American male writers Historians from Illinois John M. Olin Foundation", "You cannot read his account of Rousseau's La nouvelle Heloise without wanting to go back and read it—more closely—again ... Bloom had a gift for reading reality—the impulse to put your loving face to it and press your hands against it\". Recollecting his friend in an interview, Bellow said \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled.", "Saul Bellow wrote Ravelstein, a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago. Early life and education Allan Bloom was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1930 to second-generation Jewish parents who were both social workers. The couple had a daughter, Lucille, two years earlier. As a thirteen-year-old, Bloom read a Readers Digest article about the University of Chicago and told his parents he wanted to attend; his parents thought it was unreasonable and did not encourage his hopes.", "After returning to Chicago, he befriended and taught courses with Saul Bellow. In 1987 Bellow wrote the preface to The Closing of the American Mind. Bloom's last book, which he dictated while in the hospital dying, and which was published posthumously, was Love and Friendship, an offering of interpretations on the meaning of love. There is an ongoing controversy over Bloom's semi-closeted homosexuality, possibly culminating, as in Saul Bellow's thinly fictionalized account in Ravelstein, in his death in 1992 from AIDS.", "Academic Questions 2, no. Academic Questions 2, no. 4: 56. Edington, Robert V. 1990. \"Allan Bloom's message to the state universities\". Perspectives on Political Science; 19, no. 3 Fulford, Robert. \"Saul Bellow, Allan Bloom, and Abe Ravelstein.\" Globe and Mail, November 2, 1999. Goldstein, William. \"The Story behind the Best Seller: Allan Bloom's Closing of the American Mind.\" Publishers Weekly. July 3, 1987." ]

[ "The band also played Paul Anka's \"My Way\" with Japanese lyrics. The Strokes released their second album Room on Fire in October 2003. It received praise from critics but was less commercially successful, although it still went gold. The album's sound maintained the Strokes' familiar reference points, while also evoking groups such as the Cars, Bob Marley, and Blondie. In the process, they made the cover of Spin Magazine for the second time, with each member receiving his own cover.", "This consisted of a mainly black scene, with instances of glowing picton blue and riptide. In November 2003, the Strokes played on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, performing \"Reptilia\", \"What Ever Happened\", \"Under Control\" and \"I Can't Win\". During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor.", "The single was released for download on February 19, and was described as a return to the classic Strokes sound of first albums Is This It and Room on Fire. The album was released on March 25, 2013, in the UK and March 26 in the United States. The band decided to pull a media blackout with the album: no promotion in the form of TV appearances, interviews, photos, shows, or tours.", "They played their first show as The Strokes on September 14, 1999, at The Spiral. They soon frequented Manhattan's rock clubs including HiFi Bar and the Luna Lounge on the Lower East Side of New York, and later Manhattan's popular Mercury Lounge. Mercury Lounge's young booker Ryan Gentles eventually quit his job to become the band's manager.", "During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor. While on tour, Spektor and the Strokes recorded the song \"Modern Girls & Old Fashion Men\", released as a B-side on the \"Reptilia\" single. Also during the tour, the band included the Clash's \"Clampdown\" as a cover, which was released as the B-side for \"The End Has No End\".", "The two soon became roommates. The two soon became roommates. In the following two years, the band practiced and performed tirelessly in New York City. Many of their contemporaries have credited the band's earliest successes to their dedication and hustle, as well as their engaging personalities. They practiced most nights, with many rehearsals taking place in The Music Building in Midtown Manhattan. They played their first show as The Strokes on September 14, 1999, at The Spiral.", "In the process, they made the cover of Spin Magazine for the second time, with each member receiving his own cover. They also made the cover of Rolling Stone for the first time. Additional media coverage of the band came from the relationship between Moretti and actress Drew Barrymore, which ended in January 2007. The first single taken from Room on Fire was the song \"12:51\", which used distinct keyboard-like sounds produced by Valensi's guitar.", "As of 2010, Is This It had sold over 3.5 million copies worldwide. Room on Fire (2003–2004) The group began recording their follow-up in 2002 with producer Nigel Godrich (best known for his work with Radiohead), but later split with him in favor of Gordon Raphael, the producer of Is This It. Recordings with Godrich were never revealed.", "The band decided to pull a media blackout with the album: no promotion in the form of TV appearances, interviews, photos, shows, or tours. On October 15, 2013, the band revealed that they were looking to \"return to the scene\" in 2014. In May 2014, the Strokes performed their first U.S. show in three years at the Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, New York, performing songs from Comedown Machine for the first time.", "The Strokes are an American rock band from New York City. Formed in 1998, the band is composed of singer Julian Casablancas, guitarists Nick Valensi and Albert Hammond Jr., bassist Nikolai Fraiture, and drummer Fabrizio Moretti. They were a leading group of the early-2000s indie rock revival. The release of their EP The Modern Age in early 2001 sparked a bidding war among major labels, with the band eventually signing to RCA Records." ]

[ "This consisted of a mainly black scene, with instances of glowing picton blue and riptide. In November 2003, the Strokes played on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, performing \"Reptilia\", \"What Ever Happened\", \"Under Control\" and \"I Can't Win\". During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor.", "The band also played Paul Anka's \"My Way\" with Japanese lyrics. The Strokes released their second album Room on Fire in October 2003. It received praise from critics but was less commercially successful, although it still went gold. The album's sound maintained the Strokes' familiar reference points, while also evoking groups such as the Cars, Bob Marley, and Blondie. In the process, they made the cover of Spin Magazine for the second time, with each member receiving his own cover.", "During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor. While on tour, Spektor and the Strokes recorded the song \"Modern Girls & Old Fashion Men\", released as a B-side on the \"Reptilia\" single. Also during the tour, the band included the Clash's \"Clampdown\" as a cover, which was released as the B-side for \"The End Has No End\".", "The band began rehearsing a fourteen-song set (an early blueprint of the Strokes’ 2001 debut, Is This It)—including, \"Alone, Together\", \"Barely Legal\", \"Last Nite\", \"The Modern Age\", \"New York City Cops\", \"Soma\", \"Someday,\" \"Take It or Leave It\", and \"This Life\" (an early version of \"Trying Your Luck\"). Most of these songs now feature different lyrics.", "The single was released for download on February 19, and was described as a return to the classic Strokes sound of first albums Is This It and Room on Fire. The album was released on March 25, 2013, in the UK and March 26 in the United States. The band decided to pull a media blackout with the album: no promotion in the form of TV appearances, interviews, photos, shows, or tours.", "On January 30, the title for the fifth album was revealed to be Comedown Machine, set to be released on March 26 in the U.S. and March 25 in the UK. On February 13, 2013, the first single from the band's fifth album premiered on the radio, named \"All the Time\". The single was released for download on February 19, and was described as a return to the classic Strokes sound of first albums Is This It and Room on Fire.", "In the process, they made the cover of Spin Magazine for the second time, with each member receiving his own cover. They also made the cover of Rolling Stone for the first time. Additional media coverage of the band came from the relationship between Moretti and actress Drew Barrymore, which ended in January 2007. The first single taken from Room on Fire was the song \"12:51\", which used distinct keyboard-like sounds produced by Valensi's guitar.", "The Strokes are an American rock band from New York City. Formed in 1998, the band is composed of singer Julian Casablancas, guitarists Nick Valensi and Albert Hammond Jr., bassist Nikolai Fraiture, and drummer Fabrizio Moretti. They were a leading group of the early-2000s indie rock revival. The release of their EP The Modern Age in early 2001 sparked a bidding war among major labels, with the band eventually signing to RCA Records.", "The first single taken from Room on Fire was the song \"12:51\", which used distinct keyboard-like sounds produced by Valensi's guitar. The video was also directed by Roman Coppola, and was inspired by the futuristic look of the 1980s film Tron. This consisted of a mainly black scene, with instances of glowing picton blue and riptide.", "\"We threw away everything [we were working on] and the only song that made the cut and remained was \"Mr. Brightside\"'. The Strokes have been said to be, \"as influential to their era as the Velvet Underground or the Ramones were to theirs,” by Lizzie Goodman in her book on the New York City music scene, claiming that, \"almost every artist I interviewed for this book — from all over the world — said it was the Strokes that opened the door for them.\"" ]

[ "This consisted of a mainly black scene, with instances of glowing picton blue and riptide. In November 2003, the Strokes played on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, performing \"Reptilia\", \"What Ever Happened\", \"Under Control\" and \"I Can't Win\". During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor.", "It was poetry and journalism.\" It was poetry and journalism.\" Additionally, he has stated that Bob Marley, Nirvana and Pearl Jam are major influences on his work, the latter being the reason that he started making music after hearing the song \"Yellow Ledbetter\". Legacy and influence The Strokes' debut album Is This It was named number one album of the year by NME and number two by Rolling Stone, Is This It earned The Strokes tremendous respect across various artists in the alternative music scene.", "The band began rehearsing a fourteen-song set (an early blueprint of the Strokes’ 2001 debut, Is This It)—including, \"Alone, Together\", \"Barely Legal\", \"Last Nite\", \"The Modern Age\", \"New York City Cops\", \"Soma\", \"Someday,\" \"Take It or Leave It\", and \"This Life\" (an early version of \"Trying Your Luck\"). Most of these songs now feature different lyrics.", "The single was released for download on February 19, and was described as a return to the classic Strokes sound of first albums Is This It and Room on Fire. The album was released on March 25, 2013, in the UK and March 26 in the United States. The band decided to pull a media blackout with the album: no promotion in the form of TV appearances, interviews, photos, shows, or tours.", "Only one song from these recording sessions, \"Life Is Simple in the Moonlight\", remained on the album's track listing. Inspired, in part, by bands like MGMT, Arctic Monkeys, and Crystal Castles, the Strokes decided to experiment with various production techniques, and recorded the rest of the album's material at Albert Hammond, Jr.'s home studio in upstate New York with award-winning engineer Gus Oberg.", "During the 2003/2004 \"Room on Fire Tour\", the band played with Kings of Leon as support act and Regina Spektor. While on tour, Spektor and the Strokes recorded the song \"Modern Girls & Old Fashion Men\", released as a B-side on the \"Reptilia\" single. Also during the tour, the band included the Clash's \"Clampdown\" as a cover, which was released as the B-side for \"The End Has No End\".", "The Strokes are an American rock band from New York City. Formed in 1998, the band is composed of singer Julian Casablancas, guitarists Nick Valensi and Albert Hammond Jr., bassist Nikolai Fraiture, and drummer Fabrizio Moretti. They were a leading group of the early-2000s indie rock revival. The release of their EP The Modern Age in early 2001 sparked a bidding war among major labels, with the band eventually signing to RCA Records.", "The album made many critics' top-ten lists, was named the best album of the year by Entertainment Weekly and Time, and (in an article previewing summer concerts) NME urged readers to attend the Strokes’ shows—as they were touring some of the \"best pop songs ever\". While critics noted the influence of CBGB stalwarts Television, Casablancas and bandmates said they had never heard the band, instead citing the Velvet Underground as a reference point.", "\"We threw away everything [we were working on] and the only song that made the cut and remained was \"Mr. Brightside\"'. The Strokes have been said to be, \"as influential to their era as the Velvet Underground or the Ramones were to theirs,” by Lizzie Goodman in her book on the New York City music scene, claiming that, \"almost every artist I interviewed for this book — from all over the world — said it was the Strokes that opened the door for them.\"" ]

[ "The single was released for download on February 19, and was described as a return to the classic Strokes sound of first albums Is This It and Room on Fire. The album was released on March 25, 2013, in the UK and March 26 in the United States. The band decided to pull a media blackout with the album: no promotion in the form of TV appearances, interviews, photos, shows, or tours.", "Despite its delayed release (and the potential controversy), Is This It received critical acclaim—among other accolades, four stars from Rolling Stone, and a 9.1 from Pitchfork Media. The album made many critics' top-ten lists, was named the best album of the year by Entertainment Weekly and Time, and (in an article previewing summer concerts) NME urged readers to attend the Strokes’ shows—as they were touring some of the \"best pop songs ever\".", "The release of their EP The Modern Age in early 2001 sparked a bidding war among major labels, with the band eventually signing to RCA Records. That summer, they released their debut album, Is This It, to critical acclaim and strong sales. It has since appeared on numerous \"best album\" lists. It was followed by Room on Fire (2003) and First Impressions of Earth (2005), both of which sold well but failed to match Is This It in critical success.", "The album made many critics' top-ten lists, was named the best album of the year by Entertainment Weekly and Time, and (in an article previewing summer concerts) NME urged readers to attend the Strokes’ shows—as they were touring some of the \"best pop songs ever\". While critics noted the influence of CBGB stalwarts Television, Casablancas and bandmates said they had never heard the band, instead citing the Velvet Underground as a reference point.", "12 on New York magazine's \"Ultimate New York Playlist\" on March 1, 2010. Despite its delayed release (and the potential controversy), Is This It received critical acclaim—among other accolades, four stars from Rolling Stone, and a 9.1 from Pitchfork Media.", "\"Juicebox\" became the Strokes' second UK Top 10 hit, as well as their second US Modern Rock Top 10 success. During November and December 2005 the Strokes did a promotional tour for the still unreleased album, which involved doing one-off shows in major cities around the world. Their third album, First Impressions of Earth, was released on December 30, 2005, in Germany and January 3, 2006, elsewhere.", "Despite its initial strong sales, First Impressions of Earth received the worst reception, both commercially and critically, of all their albums. In 2006, the band played 18 sold-out shows during their UK tour. In February 2006, the Strokes won \"Best International Band\" at the NME Awards. In March, the band returned to the US with their longest tour yet. The second single off First Impressions of Earth, \"Heart in a Cage\", was released in March 2006.", "The album was produced by Gordon Raphael, as was their follow-up album Room On Fire. RCA delayed the North American (US) release over concerns with the album's cover and lyrics. The UK-released cover features a black-and-white photo of a gloved hand on a woman's naked backside, shown in semi-profile (photographer Colin Lane's then-girlfriend) while the North American version replaced it with a photo of particle collisions in the Big European Bubble Chamber.", "As of 2010, Is This It had sold over 3.5 million copies worldwide. Room on Fire (2003–2004) The group began recording their follow-up in 2002 with producer Nigel Godrich (best known for his work with Radiohead), but later split with him in favor of Gordon Raphael, the producer of Is This It. Recordings with Godrich were never revealed." ]

[ "Buildings on several college campuses are named in his honor. Maury Hall is the home of the Naval Science Department at the University of Virginia and headquarters of the University's Navy ROTC battalion. The original building of the College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science is named Maury Hall as well. Another Maury Hall houses the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and the Robotics and Control Engineering Department at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland.", "Nearby Arlington, Va., renamed its 1910 Clarendon Elementary to honor Maury in 1944; Since 1976, the building has been home to the Arlington Arts Center. There is a county historical marker outside the former school. Matthew Fontaine Maury School in Fredericksburg was built in 1919-1920, and closed in 1980. The building was converted into condominiums, and is on the National Register of Historic Places. Adjoining it is Maury Stadium, built in 1935, and still used for local high school sports events.", "The Maury River, entirely in Rockbridge County, Virginia, near Virginia Military Institute (where Maury taught), also honors the scientist, as does Maury crater, on the Moon. Matthew Fontaine Maury High School in Norfolk, Virginia, is named after him. Matthew Maury Elementary School in Alexandria, Virginia, was built in 1929. Nearby Arlington, Va., renamed its 1910 Clarendon Elementary to honor Maury in 1944; Since 1976, the building has been home to the Arlington Arts Center.", "Ships have been named in his honor, including various vessels named ; USS Commodore Maury (SP-656), a patrol vessel and minesweeper of World War I; and a World War II Liberty Ship. Additionally, Tidewater Community College, based in Norfolk, Virginia, owns the R/V Matthew F. Maury. The ship is used for oceanography research and student cruises. In March 2013, the US Navy launched the oceanographic survey ship USNS Maury (T-AGS-66).", "He had once been a gold mining superintendent outside Fredericksburg and had studied geology intensely during that time and so was well equipped to write such a book. His aim was to assist war torn Virginia to rebuild by discovering and extracting minerals, improving farming, etc. He lectured extensively in the US and abroad. He advocated for the creation of a state agricultural college as an adjunct to Virginia Military Institute.", "M. F. Maury, before the Fair of the Agricultural & Mechanical Society Geology: A Physical Survey of Virginia; Her Geographical Position, Its Commercial Advantages and National Importance, Virginia Military Institute, 1869 See also Bathymetric chart Flying Cloud National Institute for the Promotion of Science Notable global oceanographers Prophet Without Honor References Further reading External links . 1996 website retrieved via the Wayback Search Engine CBNnews VIDEO on Commander Matthew Fontaine Maury \"The Father of Modern Oceanography\" Naval Oceanographic Office—Matthew Fontaine Maury Oceanographic Library  — The World's Largest Oceanographic Library.", "Another Maury Hall houses the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and the Robotics and Control Engineering Department at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. James Madison University also has a Maury Hall, the university's first academic and administrative building. In the wake of the 2020 George Floyd protests, JMU student organizations called for renaming the building.", "He died at the institute in 1873, after he had completed an exhausting state-to-state lecture tour on national and international weather forecasting on land. He had also completed his book, Geological Survey of Virginia, and a new series of geography for young people. Early life and career Maury was a descendant of the Maury family, a prominent Virginia family of Huguenot ancestry that can be traced back to 15th-century France. His grandfather (the Reverend James Maury) was an inspiring teacher to a future US president, Thomas Jefferson.", "The National (Naval) Observatory and The Virginia Historical Society (May 1849) Biography of Matthew Fontaine Maury at U.S. Navy Historical Center. The Diary of Betty Herndon Maury, daughter of Matthew Fontaine Maury, 1861–1863. Matthew Fontaine Maury School in Richmond, Virginia, USA, 1950s. Photographer: Nina Leen. Approximately 200 TIME-LIFE photographs Astronomical Observations from the Naval Observatory 1845. Obituary in: Sample charts by Maury held the American Geographical Society Library, UW Milwaukee in the digital map collection." ]

[ "Maury then returned to England in 1866 and found work there. In 1868 he was pardoned by the federal government and returned, accepting a teaching position at the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia, holding the chair of physics. While in Lexington he completed a physical survey of Virginia which he documented in the book The Physical Geography of Virginia. He had once been a gold mining superintendent outside Fredericksburg and had studied geology intensely during that time and so was well equipped to write such a book.", "Maury's Investigations of the Winds and Currents of the Sea, 1851 On the Probable Relation between Magnetism and the Circulation of the Atmosphere, 1851 Maury's Wind and Current Charts: Gales in the Atlantic, 1857 Observations to Determine the Solar Parallax, 1856 Amazon, and the Atlantic Slopes of South America, 1853 Commander M. F. Maury on American Affairs, 1861 The Physical Geography of the Sea and Its Meteorology, 1861 Maury's New Elements of Geography for Primary and Intermediate Classes Geography: \"First Lessons\" Elementary Geography: Designed for Primary and Intermediate Classes Geography: \"The World We Live In\" Published Address of Com. M. F. Maury, before the Fair of the Agricultural & Mechanical Society Geology: A Physical Survey of Virginia; Her Geographical Position, Its Commercial Advantages and National Importance, Virginia Military Institute, 1869 See also Bathymetric chart Flying Cloud National Institute for the Promotion of Science Notable global oceanographers Prophet Without Honor References Further reading External links .", "An article tying his legacy in oceanography to the slave trade suggested that Maury was ambivalent about slavery, seeing it as wrong but not intent on forcing others to free slaves. However, a recent article explaining the removal of his monument from Monument Avenue in Richmond, Virginia, illustrated a pro-slavery stance through deep ties to the slave trade that accompanied his scientific achievements.", "He had once been a gold mining superintendent outside Fredericksburg and had studied geology intensely during that time and so was well equipped to write such a book. His aim was to assist war torn Virginia to rebuild by discovering and extracting minerals, improving farming, etc. He lectured extensively in the US and abroad. He advocated for the creation of a state agricultural college as an adjunct to Virginia Military Institute.", "However, a recent article explaining the removal of his monument from Monument Avenue in Richmond, Virginia, illustrated a pro-slavery stance through deep ties to the slave trade that accompanied his scientific achievements. American Civil War Maury was staunchly against secession, and in 1860 he wrote letters to the governors of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland urging them to stop the momentum towards war. When Virginia seceded in April 1861, Maury nonetheless resigned his commission in the US Navy, declining to fight against his native state.", "Publications On the Navigation of Cape Horn Whaling Charts Wind and Current Charts Explanations and Sailing Directions to Accompany the Wind and Current Charts, 1851, 1854, 1855 Lieut. Maury's Investigations of the Winds and Currents of the Sea, 1851 On the Probable Relation between Magnetism and the Circulation of the Atmosphere, 1851 Maury's Wind and Current Charts: Gales in the Atlantic, 1857 Observations to Determine the Solar Parallax, 1856 Amazon, and the Atlantic Slopes of South America, 1853 Commander M. F. Maury on American Affairs, 1861 The Physical Geography of the Sea and Its Meteorology, 1861 Maury's New Elements of Geography for Primary and Intermediate Classes Geography: \"First Lessons\" Elementary Geography: Designed for Primary and Intermediate Classes Geography: \"The World We Live In\" Published Address of Com.", "Maury's primary concern, however, was neither the freedom of enslaved people nor the amelioration of slavery in Brazil but rather absolution for the white slaveholders of Virginia and other states of the South. Maury wrote to his cousin, \"Therefore I see in the slave territory of the Amazon the SAFETY VALVE of the Southern States.\" Maury wanted to open up the Amazon to free navigation in his plan.", "He died at the institute in 1873, after he had completed an exhausting state-to-state lecture tour on national and international weather forecasting on land. He had also completed his book, Geological Survey of Virginia, and a new series of geography for young people. Early life and career Maury was a descendant of the Maury family, a prominent Virginia family of Huguenot ancestry that can be traced back to 15th-century France. His grandfather (the Reverend James Maury) was an inspiring teacher to a future US president, Thomas Jefferson.", "Obituary in: Sample charts by Maury held the American Geographical Society Library, UW Milwaukee in the digital map collection. 1806 births 1873 deaths 19th-century American people American astronomers American earth scientists American educators American geographers American oceanographers American people of Dutch descent American people of French descent American Protestants American science writers Microscopists People from Spotsylvania County, Virginia People of Virginia in the American Civil War Science and technology in the United States United States Navy officers Writers from Virginia Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees Maury family of Virginia People from Franklin, Tennessee United States Navy", "He believed the future of United States commerce lay in South America, colonized by white southerners and their enslaved people. There, Maury claimed, was “work to be done by Africans with the American axe in his hand.” In the 1850s he studied a way to send Virginia's slaves to Brazil as a way to gradually phase out slavery in the state. Maury was aware of an 1853 survey of the Amazon region conducted by the Navy by Lt. William Lewis Herndon." ]

[ "Matthew Fontaine Maury (January 14, 1806February 1, 1873) was an American astronomer, historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, author, geologist, educator, and naval officer for the United States and then the Confederacy. He was a devout Christian and, after reading Psalm 8:8, was determined to find \"the paths of the seas\".", "In A Life of Matthew Fontaine Maury (compiled by his daughter, Diana Fontaine Maury Corbin, 1888), she states: Matthew's father was very exact in the religious training of his family, now numbering five sons and four daughters, viz., John Minor, Mary, Walker, Matilda, Betsy, Richard Launcelot, Matthew Fontaine, Catherine, and Charles. He would assemble them night and morning to read the Psalter for the day, verse and verse about; and in this way, so familiar did this barefooted boy [M. F. Maury] become with the Psalms of David, that in after life he could cite a quotation, and give chapter and verse, as if he had the Bible open before him.", "He spent the war in the South as well as an envoy of the Confederacy to Great Britain, Ireland, and France. He helped the Confederacy acquire a ship, , while also trying to convince several European powers to help stop the war. Following the war, Maury was eventually pardoned and accepted a teaching position at the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia. He died at the institute in 1873, after he had completed an exhausting state-to-state lecture tour on national and international weather forecasting on land.", "He had previously been suggested as president of the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1848 by Benjamin Blake Minor in his publication the Southern Literary Messenger. He considered becoming president of St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland, the University of Alabama, and the University of Tennessee. It appears that he preferred being close to General Robert E. Lee in Lexington, where Lee was president of Washington College, from statements that he made in letters. Maury served as a pall bearer for Lee.", "Maury traveled to England, Ireland, and France, acquiring and fitting out ships for the Confederacy and soliciting supplies. Through speeches and newspaper publications, Maury unsuccessfully called for European nations to intercede on behalf of the Confederacy and help bring an end to the American Civil War. Maury established relations for the Confederacy with Emperor Napoleon III of France and Archduke Maximilian of Austria, who, on April 10, 1864, was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico.", "Maury then returned to England in 1866 and found work there. In 1868 he was pardoned by the federal government and returned, accepting a teaching position at the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia, holding the chair of physics. While in Lexington he completed a physical survey of Virginia which he documented in the book The Physical Geography of Virginia. He had once been a gold mining superintendent outside Fredericksburg and had studied geology intensely during that time and so was well equipped to write such a book.", "He proposed for the United States to invite the maritime nations of the world to a conference to establish a \"universal system\" of meteorology, and he was the leading spirit of a pioneer scientific conference when it met in Brussels in 1853. Within a few years, nations owning three fourths of the shipping of the world were sending their oceanographic observations to Maury at the Naval Observatory, where the information was evaluated and the results given worldwide distribution. As its representative at the conference, the US sent Maury.", "The two remained lifelong friends. The two remained lifelong friends. Other religious friends of Maury included James Hervey Otey, his former teacher who, before 1857, worked with Bishop Leonidas Polk on the construction of the University of the South in Tennessee. While visiting there, Maury was convinced by his old teacher to give the \"cornerstone speech.\" As a US Navy officer, he was required to decline awards from foreign nations.", "Maury had known of the Psalms of David since childhood. In A Life of Matthew Fontaine Maury (compiled by his daughter, Diana Fontaine Maury Corbin, 1888), she states: Matthew's father was very exact in the religious training of his family, now numbering five sons and four daughters, viz., John Minor, Mary, Walker, Matilda, Betsy, Richard Launcelot, Matthew Fontaine, Catherine, and Charles." ]

[ "The same year, she also was featured on Tonex's Out the Box on the song \"Todos Juntos\". She also played drums on Cyndi Lauper's hit album of standard covers, At Last. She played percussion on the song \"Stay\". Sheila E. joined Lauper on a live version of that song on VH1 Divas. Sheila also performed at Prince's One Nite Alone... Live!", "At her merchandise stand she sold an EP From E 2 U. It includes a song \"Leader of the Band\" written by Prince (uncredited, but confirmed by Sheila E.) and it features Prince on piano according to the song's introduction, where he is called by name. She toured on his 20Ten Tour and Welcome 2 America tours.", "The lead single \"Sister Fate\" peaked at number 36 on the R&B charts. The album's second single \"A Love Bizarre\" became her signature song, peaking at number 11 the Hot 100 and also topped the dance charts. The non-album track \"Holly Rock\" made its way to live shows and into the film Krush Groove. Sheila later served as Prince's drummer and musical director in his band during the tours from 1987 to 1989. In July 1987, her self-titled album Sheila E. was released.", "In July 1987, her self-titled album Sheila E. was released. The ballad single \"Hold Me\" peaked at number 3 on R&B charts. She appeared in four films, Krush Groove with Run-D.M.C., LL Cool J and Blair Underwood in 1985, Prince's concert film, Sign \"O\" the Times in 1987, The Adventures of Ford Fairlane and Chasing Papi in 2003.", "Sheila Cecilia Escovedo (born December 12, 1957) better known under the stage name Sheila E., is an American percussionist and singer. She began her career in the mid-1970s as a percussionist and singer for The George Duke Band. After leaving the group in 1983, Sheila began a successful solo career, starting with her critically acclaimed debut album, which included the career-defining song, \"The Glamorous Life\".", "She was also the leader of the house band on the short-lived late night talk show, The Magic Hour, hosted by Earvin \"Magic\" Johnson in the late 1990s. Sheila E. has performed three stints as one of the member \"All-Starrs\" of Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band, in 2001, 2003, and 2006.", "1984–1989: The Glamorous Life and A Love Bizarre Prince met Sheila E. at a concert in 1977, when she was performing with her father. After the show he met her and told her that he and his bassist Andre Cymone \"were just fighting about which one of us would be the first to be your husband.\" He also vowed that one day she would join his band. The two would eventually join forces during the Purple Rain recording sessions.", "Career 1976–1983: Beginnings Sheila made her recording debut with jazz bassist Alphonso Johnson on \"Yesterday's Dream\" in 1976. By her early 20s, she had already played with George Duke, Lionel Richie, Marvin Gaye, Herbie Hancock, and Diana Ross. In 1977, she joined The George Duke Band.", "She appeared in four films, Krush Groove with Run-D.M.C., LL Cool J and Blair Underwood in 1985, Prince's concert film, Sign \"O\" the Times in 1987, The Adventures of Ford Fairlane and Chasing Papi in 2003. 1989–1994: Sex Cymbal and Mi Tierra After leaving the Prince organization in 1989, Sheila E. collaborated with writers like Demetrius Ross and David Gamson, recorded and released an album, Sex Cymbal in 1991.", "She toured on his 20Ten Tour and Welcome 2 America tours. In 2010, Sheila E joined forces with Avon as a celebrity judge for Avon Voices, Avon's first global, online singing talent search for women and songwriting competition for men and women. On May 25, 2011, Sheila performed alongside Marc Anthony on the 10th-season finale of American Idol. On June 7, 2011, she performed on the Late Show with David Letterman as a part of the show's first \"Drum Solo Week\"." ]

[ "Sheila E. plays percussion on a number of tracks on Gary Clark Jr.'s album This Land''. She performed and served as music director for Let's Go Crazy: The Grammy Salute to Prince concert at the Staples Center on January 28, 2020. It was broadcast on CBS on April 21, 2020. On April 17, 2020, she released the single \"Lemon Cake\" which was available as an audio track on YouTube.", "The same year, she also was featured on Tonex's Out the Box on the song \"Todos Juntos\". She also played drums on Cyndi Lauper's hit album of standard covers, At Last. She played percussion on the song \"Stay\". Sheila E. joined Lauper on a live version of that song on VH1 Divas. Sheila also performed at Prince's One Nite Alone... Live!", "At her merchandise stand she sold an EP From E 2 U. It includes a song \"Leader of the Band\" written by Prince (uncredited, but confirmed by Sheila E.) and it features Prince on piano according to the song's introduction, where he is called by name. She toured on his 20Ten Tour and Welcome 2 America tours.", "Sheila E.'s first song in the country market was \"Glorious Train\". A video for the song debuted on CMT on March 7, 2009, following the airing of the episode of Gone Country in which Sheila E. was announced the winner. Sheila E. performed two shows at Yoshi's in Oakland, California, on August 15, 2010. At her merchandise stand she sold an EP From E 2 U.", "In October 2007, Sheila E. was a judge alongside Australian Idol judge and marketing manager Ian \"Dicko\" Dickson and Goo Goo Dolls lead singer John Rzeznik on the Fox network's The Next Great American Band. Sheila E. once again teamed up with Prince in March 2008, as she sat in (and played keyboard) on the performance with her family at Harvelle Redondo Beach. On April 9, 2008, Sheila E. appeared on the Emmy winning program, Idol Gives Back.", "Along with appearing on Duke's Don't Let Go in 1978, Escovedo and her father released \"Happy Together\" that year on Fantasy Records, sharing billing as Pete and Sheila Escovedo. In 1980, she appeared on the pivotal Herbie Hancock album Monster. In 1983, she joined Marvin Gaye's final tour Midnight Love Tour as one of his percussionists. 1984–1989: The Glamorous Life and A Love Bizarre Prince met Sheila E. at a concert in 1977, when she was performing with her father.", "On June 7, 2011, she performed on the Late Show with David Letterman as a part of the show's first \"Drum Solo Week\". In September 2011, The E. Family consisting of Pete Escovedo, Peter Michael Escovedo III, Juan Escovedo, and Sheila released an album Now & Forever. The album spawned the singles \"Do What It Do\" and \"I Like It\".", "Says Sheila E.: \"Ringo truly is one of the greatest rock n' roll drummers in the history of music. He enjoys the joke!\" In 2002, Sheila E. appeared on the Beyoncé song \"Work It Out\". In 2004, Sheila E. toured New Zealand as drummer and percussionist for the Abe Laboriel Band. The same year, she also was featured on Tonex's Out the Box on the song \"Todos Juntos\".", "On April 9, 2008, Sheila E. appeared on the Emmy winning program, Idol Gives Back. Sheila E. took part in the show opener \"Get on Your Feet\" with Gloria Estefan. Dance troupe, So You Think You Can Dance finalists joined them on stage. On April 26, 2008, Sheila E., along with Morris Day and Jerome Benton, performed with Prince at the Coachella Music Festival.", "In February 2006, Sheila E. performed with Prince (and Wendy Melvoin and Lisa Coleman) once again at the BRIT Awards. Sheila E. performed at the Sonoma Jazz Festival in 2006 as part of Herbie Hancock's band featuring Larry Carlton, Terrence Blanchard, Marcus Miller, and Terri Lyne Carrington. 2007–2009: C.O.E.D. and reunion with Prince In 2006, Sheila formed a female group C.O.E.D. (Chronicles of Every Diva), consisting of Sheila E., Kat Dyson, Rhonda Smith and Cassandra O'Neal." ]

[ "At her merchandise stand she sold an EP From E 2 U. It includes a song \"Leader of the Band\" written by Prince (uncredited, but confirmed by Sheila E.) and it features Prince on piano according to the song's introduction, where he is called by name. She toured on his 20Ten Tour and Welcome 2 America tours.", "The lead single \"Sister Fate\" peaked at number 36 on the R&B charts. The album's second single \"A Love Bizarre\" became her signature song, peaking at number 11 the Hot 100 and also topped the dance charts. The non-album track \"Holly Rock\" made its way to live shows and into the film Krush Groove. Sheila later served as Prince's drummer and musical director in his band during the tours from 1987 to 1989. In July 1987, her self-titled album Sheila E. was released.", "The same year, she also was featured on Tonex's Out the Box on the song \"Todos Juntos\". She also played drums on Cyndi Lauper's hit album of standard covers, At Last. She played percussion on the song \"Stay\". Sheila E. joined Lauper on a live version of that song on VH1 Divas. Sheila also performed at Prince's One Nite Alone... Live!", "She appeared in four films, Krush Groove with Run-D.M.C., LL Cool J and Blair Underwood in 1985, Prince's concert film, Sign \"O\" the Times in 1987, The Adventures of Ford Fairlane and Chasing Papi in 2003. 1989–1994: Sex Cymbal and Mi Tierra After leaving the Prince organization in 1989, Sheila E. collaborated with writers like Demetrius Ross and David Gamson, recorded and released an album, Sex Cymbal in 1991.", "Along with appearing on Duke's Don't Let Go in 1978, Escovedo and her father released \"Happy Together\" that year on Fantasy Records, sharing billing as Pete and Sheila Escovedo. In 1980, she appeared on the pivotal Herbie Hancock album Monster. In 1983, she joined Marvin Gaye's final tour Midnight Love Tour as one of his percussionists. 1984–1989: The Glamorous Life and A Love Bizarre Prince met Sheila E. at a concert in 1977, when she was performing with her father.", "In July 1987, her self-titled album Sheila E. was released. The ballad single \"Hold Me\" peaked at number 3 on R&B charts. She appeared in four films, Krush Groove with Run-D.M.C., LL Cool J and Blair Underwood in 1985, Prince's concert film, Sign \"O\" the Times in 1987, The Adventures of Ford Fairlane and Chasing Papi in 2003.", "1989–1994: Sex Cymbal and Mi Tierra After leaving the Prince organization in 1989, Sheila E. collaborated with writers like Demetrius Ross and David Gamson, recorded and released an album, Sex Cymbal in 1991. The album spawned singles: \"Sex Cymbal\", \"Dropping Like Flies\", and \"Cry Baby\". She began her tour in Japan which only lasted for a brief time. Shortly after returning to America, she developed severe health issues after her lung collapsed.", "Career 1976–1983: Beginnings Sheila made her recording debut with jazz bassist Alphonso Johnson on \"Yesterday's Dream\" in 1976. By her early 20s, she had already played with George Duke, Lionel Richie, Marvin Gaye, Herbie Hancock, and Diana Ross. In 1977, she joined The George Duke Band.", "In February 2006, Sheila E. performed with Prince (and Wendy Melvoin and Lisa Coleman) once again at the BRIT Awards. Sheila E. performed at the Sonoma Jazz Festival in 2006 as part of Herbie Hancock's band featuring Larry Carlton, Terrence Blanchard, Marcus Miller, and Terri Lyne Carrington. 2007–2009: C.O.E.D. and reunion with Prince In 2006, Sheila formed a female group C.O.E.D. (Chronicles of Every Diva), consisting of Sheila E., Kat Dyson, Rhonda Smith and Cassandra O'Neal." ]