|
--- |
|
annotations_creators: |
|
- no-annotation |
|
language: |
|
- en |
|
- de |
|
- fr |
|
- ru |
|
language_creators: |
|
- machine-generated |
|
- expert-generated |
|
license: |
|
- mit |
|
multilinguality: |
|
- multilingual |
|
- translation |
|
pretty_name: Wino-X |
|
size_categories: |
|
- 1K<n<10K |
|
source_datasets: |
|
- original |
|
task_categories: |
|
- translation |
|
- coreference resolution |
|
- commonsense reasoning |
|
task_ids: |
|
- multiple-choice-qa |
|
- language-modeling |
|
--- |
|
|
|
# Dataset Card for Wino-X |
|
|
|
## Table of Contents |
|
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description) |
|
- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary) |
|
- [Supported Tasks](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards) |
|
- [Languages](#languages) |
|
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure) |
|
- [Data Instances](#data-instances) |
|
- [Data Fields](#data-instances) |
|
- [Data Splits](#data-instances) |
|
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation) |
|
- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale) |
|
- [Source Data](#source-data) |
|
- [Annotations](#annotations) |
|
- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information) |
|
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data) |
|
- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset) |
|
- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases) |
|
- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations) |
|
- [Additional Information](#additional-information) |
|
- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators) |
|
- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information) |
|
- [Citation Information](#citation-information) |
|
|
|
## Dataset Description |
|
|
|
- **Homepage:** [Wino-X repository](https://github.com/demelin/Wino-X) |
|
- **Repository:** [Wino-X repository](https://github.com/demelin/Wino-X) |
|
- **Paper:** [Wino-X: Multilingual Winograd Schemas for Commonsense Reasoning and Coreference Resolution](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670/) |
|
- **Leaderboard:** [N/A] |
|
- **Point of Contact:** [Denis Emelin](demelin.github.io) |
|
|
|
### Dataset Summary |
|
|
|
Wino-X is a parallel dataset of German, French, and Russian Winograd schemas, aligned with their English |
|
counterparts, used to examine whether neural machine translation models can perform coreference resolution that |
|
requires commonsense knowledge, and whether multilingual language models are capable of commonsense reasoning across |
|
multiple languages. |
|
|
|
### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards |
|
|
|
- translation: The dataset can be used to evaluate translations of ambiguous source sentences, as produced by translation models . A [pretrained transformer-based NMT model](https://huggingface.co/Helsinki-NLP/opus-mt-en-de) can be used for this purpose. |
|
- coreference-resolution: The dataset can be used to rank alternative translations of an ambiguous source sentence that differ in the chosen referent of an ambiguous source pronoun. A [pretrained transformer-based NMT model](https://huggingface.co/Helsinki-NLP/opus-mt-en-de) can be used for this purpose. |
|
- commonsense-reasoning: The dataset can also be used evaluate whether pretrained multilingual language models can perform commonsense reasoning in (or across) multiple languages by identifying the correct filler in a cloze completion task. An [XLM-based model](https://huggingface.co/xlm-roberta-base) can be used for this purpose. |
|
|
|
### Languages |
|
|
|
The dataset (both its MT and LM portions) is available in the following translation pairs: English-German, English-French, English-Russian. All English sentences included in *Wino-X* were extracted from publicly available parallel corpora, as detailed in the accompanying paper, and represent the dataset-specific language varieties. All non-English sentences were obtained through machine translation and may, as such, exhibit features of translationese. |
|
|
|
## Dataset Structure |
|
|
|
### Data Instances |
|
|
|
The following represents a typical *MT-Wino-X* instance (for the English-German translation pair): |
|
|
|
{"qID": "3UDTAB6HH8D37OQL3O6F3GXEEOF09Z-1", |
|
"sentence": "The woman looked for a different vase for the bouquet because it was too small.", |
|
"translation1": "Die Frau suchte nach einer anderen Vase für den Blumenstrauß, weil sie zu klein war.", |
|
"translation2": "Die Frau suchte nach einer anderen Vase für den Blumenstrauß, weil er zu klein war.", |
|
"answer": 1, |
|
"pronoun1": "sie", |
|
"pronoun2": "er", |
|
"referent1_en": "vase", |
|
"referent2_en": "bouquet", |
|
"true_translation_referent_of_pronoun1_de": "Vase", |
|
"true_translation_referent_of_pronoun2_de": "Blumenstrauß", |
|
"false_translation_referent_of_pronoun1_de": "Vase", |
|
"false_translation_referent_of_pronoun2_de": "Blumenstrauß"} |
|
|
|
|
|
The following represents a typical *LM-Wino-X* instance (for the English-French translation pair): |
|
|
|
{"qID": "3UDTAB6HH8D37OQL3O6F3GXEEOF09Z-1", |
|
"sentence": "The woman looked for a different vase for the bouquet because it was too small.", |
|
"context_en": "The woman looked for a different vase for the bouquet because _ was too small.", |
|
"context_fr": "La femme a cherché un vase différent pour le bouquet car _ était trop petit.", |
|
"option1_en": "the bouquet", |
|
"option2_en": "the vase", |
|
"option1_fr": "le bouquet", |
|
"option2_fr": "le vase", |
|
"answer": 2, |
|
"context_referent_of_option1_fr": "bouquet", |
|
"context_referent_of_option2_fr": "vase"} |
|
|
|
### Data Fields |
|
|
|
For *MT-Wino-X*: |
|
|
|
- "qID": Unique identifier ID for this dataset instance. |
|
- "sentence": English sentence containing the ambiguous pronoun 'it'. |
|
- "translation1": First translation candidate. |
|
- "translation2": Second translation candidate. |
|
- "answer": ID of the correct translation. |
|
- "pronoun1": Translation of the ambiguous source pronoun in translation1. |
|
- "pronoun2": Translation of the ambiguous source pronoun in translation2. |
|
- "referent1_en": English referent of the translation of the ambiguous source pronoun in translation1. |
|
- "referent2_en": English referent of the translation of the ambiguous source pronoun in translation2. |
|
- "true_translation_referent_of_pronoun1_[TGT-LANG]": Target language referent of pronoun1 in the correct translation. |
|
- "true_translation_referent_of_pronoun2_[TGT-LANG]": Target language referent of pronoun2 in the correct translation. |
|
- "false_translation_referent_of_pronoun1_[TGT-LANG]": Target language referent of pronoun1 in the incorrect translation. |
|
- "false_translation_referent_of_pronoun2_[TGT-LANG]": Target language referent of pronoun2 in the incorrect translation. |
|
|
|
|
|
For *LM-Wino-X*: |
|
|
|
- "qID": Unique identifier ID for this dataset instance. |
|
- "sentence": English sentence containing the ambiguous pronoun 'it'. |
|
- "context_en": Same English sentence, where 'it' is replaced by a gap. |
|
- "context_fr": Target language translation of the English sentence, where the translation of 'it' is replaced by a gap. |
|
- "option1_en": First filler option for the English sentence. |
|
- "option2_en": Second filler option for the English sentence. |
|
- "option1_[TGT-LANG]": First filler option for the target language sentence. |
|
- "option2_[TGT-LANG]": Second filler option for the target language sentence. |
|
- "answer": ID of the correct gap filler. |
|
- "context_referent_of_option1_[TGT-LANG]": English translation of option1_[TGT-LANG]. |
|
- "context_referent_of_option2_[TGT-LANG]": English translation of option2_[TGT-LANG] |
|
|
|
### Data Splits |
|
|
|
*Wno-X* was designed as an evaluation-only benchmark and therefore is intended to be used for zero-shot testing only. However, users are very welcome to split the data as they wish :) . |
|
|
|
|
|
## Dataset Creation |
|
|
|
### Curation Rationale |
|
|
|
Please refer to [Section 2 in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
### Source Data |
|
|
|
#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization |
|
|
|
Please refer to [Section 2 in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
#### Who are the source language producers? |
|
|
|
Please refer to [Section 2 in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
### Annotations |
|
|
|
#### Annotation process |
|
|
|
Please refer to [Section 2 in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
#### Who are the annotators? |
|
|
|
Annotations were generated automatically and verified by the dataset author / curator for correctness. |
|
|
|
### Personal and Sensitive Information |
|
|
|
[N/A] |
|
|
|
## Considerations for Using the Data |
|
|
|
### Social Impact of Dataset |
|
|
|
Please refer to ['Ethical Considerations' in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
### Discussion of Biases |
|
|
|
Please refer to ['Ethical Considerations' in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
### Other Known Limitations |
|
|
|
Please refer to ['Ethical Considerations' in the dataset paper](https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.670.pdf). |
|
|
|
## Additional Information |
|
|
|
### Dataset Curators |
|
|
|
[Denis Emelin](demelin.github.io) |
|
|
|
### Licensing Information |
|
|
|
MIT |
|
|
|
### Citation Information |
|
|
|
@inproceedings{Emelin2021WinoXMW, |
|
title={Wino-X: Multilingual Winograd Schemas for Commonsense Reasoning and Coreference Resolution}, |
|
author={Denis Emelin and Rico Sennrich}, |
|
booktitle={EMNLP}, |
|
year={2021} |
|
} |
