Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A method of compensating mechanical, magnetic or electrostatic inaccuracies in a scanning charged particle beam device, comprising:an alignment procedure, comprising:compensating 4-fold astigmatism with an element having at least 8-pole compensation capability;wherein the aligning and compensating steps of the alignment procedure act on a charged particle beam with beam dimensions in two orthogonal directions each of at least 50 μm and coaxially aligned with at least the element having at least the 8-pole compensation capability. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alignment procedure further comprises the following steps conducted in this order and before the compensating the 4-fold astigmatism:aligning a charged particle beam to be scanned over a specimen to an optical axis;compensating axial astigmatism with an element having at least 4-pole compensation capability; andcompensating 3-fold astigmatism with an element having at least 6-pole compensation capability. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the alignment procedure further comprises fine focusing of the charged particle beam on the specimen after aligning the charged particle beam and before compensating the axial astigmatism. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alignment procedure or a portion of the alignment procedure is iteratively conducted two or more times, such that two or more of the steps in the alignment procedure are iteratively conducted. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the 8-pole compensation capability is provided by an octopole field, which is adjustable in azimuth angle and strength. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alignment procedure does not comprise a correction of spherical aberration and/or chromatic aberration and a decrease of aberration coefficients Cs and/or Cc. 7. The method according claim 1, the method further comprising:adjusting the numerical aperture of the system to a value optimized for a system operated without the alignment procedure. 8. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising:adjusting the numerical aperture of the system to a value of 10 to 70 mrad. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the scanning charged particle beam device has a beam path without an astigmatic intermediate image. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the scanning charged particle beam device has a beam path without a cross-over between an objective lens and a condenser lens of a condenser lens assembly, wherein the condenser lens is the condenser lens of the condenser lens assembly closest to the objective lens. 11. A scanning charged particle beam device, comprising:an emitter with at least one emitter tip configured for emitting a charged particle beam;one lens assembly configured for focusing the emitter tip on a specimen, the focusing assembly consists of a condenser lens assembly and an objective lens, wherein the condenser lens assembly and the objective lens are rotationally symmetric;a compensation assembly for compensating mechanical, magnetic or electrostatic inaccuracies, wherein the compensation assembly comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of: a first octopole element and a second octopole element acting in respective different directions, a rotatable octopole element; and an element being at least a 12-pole element. 12. The device according to claim 11, further comprising:a scanning deflector for scanning the charged particle beam over a specimen. 13. The device according to claim 11, wherein the alignment assembly further comprises:a two-dimensional alignment deflector unit;a two-dimensional stigmator; anda two-dimensional hexapole element for compensating a three-fold astigmatism. 14. The device according to claim 11, wherein the numerical aperture of the system is 10 to 70 mrad. 15. The device according to claim 11, wherein the scanning charged particle beam device does not include lenses for generation of astigmatic images.