Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A radiation imaging apparatus, comprising:a radiation source;a reflective structure in whichat least three reflective substrates are arranged with an interval, andradiation which is incident into a plurality of passages, both sides of each passage being put between the reflective substrate, is reflected and parallelized by the reflective substrate at both sides of the passage to be emitted from the passage;a radiation detector; andan image construction unit arranged to construct an image of an object based on an intensity of the radiation which is emitted from each of the passages, transmitted through the object, and is detected by the radiation detector,wherein when one edge of the reflective structure is an inlet of the radiation and the other edge is an outlet of the radiation, a pitch of the reflective substrates at the outlet is larger than a pitch of the reflective substrates at the inlet,wherein when a virtual plane is set in a position which is separated from the reflective substrates at both sides of the passage with the same distance, the radiation source is disposed on tangential planes of a plurality of virtual planes at the inlet and the tangential planes of the plurality of virtual planes at the outlet are approximately parallel to each other, andwherein if the interval between adjacent reflective substrates is constant and a thickness of the reflective substrate at an outlet side is larger than a thickness of the reflective substrate at an inlet side, a penumbra amount Δp of the object which is formed on the radiation detector satisfies the following relation:Δp=L3×(s+g)/L1, where L3 is a distance between the outlet and the radiation detector in the opposite direction, s is a size of the radiation source, g is an interval between adjacent reflective substrates, and L1 is a distance between the radiation source and the inlet in the opposite direction. 2. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein if a size of the pixel of the radiation detector is Δd, the following relation is satisfied:0.5×Δd<L3×(s+g)/L1<2×Δd. 3. A radiation imaging apparatus, comprising:a radiation source;a reflective structure in whichat least three reflective substrates are arranged with an interval, andradiation which is incident into a plurality of passages, both sides of each passage being put between the reflective substrate, is reflected and parallelized by the reflective substrate at both sides of the passage to be emitted from the passage;a radiation detector; andan image construction unit arranged to construct an image of an object based on an intensity of the radiation which is emitted from each of the passages, transmits the object, and is detected by the radiation detector,wherein when one edge of the reflective structure is an inlet of the radiation and the other edge is an outlet of the radiation, a pitch of the reflective substrates at the outlet is larger than a pitch of the reflective substrates at the inlet,wherein when a virtual plane is set in a position which is separated from the reflective substrates at both sides of the passage with the same distance, the radiation source is disposed on tangential planes of a plurality of virtual planes at the inlet and the tangential planes of the plurality of virtual planes at the outlet are approximately parallel to each other, andwherein if a thickness of the reflective substrate is constant, the thicknesses of the reflective substrates are equal to each other, and an interval between adjacent reflective substrates at the outlet side is larger than an interval at the inlet side, a penumbra amount Δp of the object which is formed on the radiation detector satisfies the following relation:(gout−gin)×L3/L2<Δp, where L3 is a distance between the outlet and the radiation detector in the opposite direction, gout is the interval between adjacent reflective substrates at the outlet side, gin is the interval between adjacent reflective substrates at the inlet side, and L2 is a length of the reflective substrate. 4. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein if a distance between the radiation source and the inlet in an opposite direction is L1 and a critical angle of a glancing angle at which the radiation is incident onto each of the passages is θc, the distance Δs between the radiation source and the passage in a direction perpendicular to the opposite direction satisfies the following equation:Δs<L1×θc. 5. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising:a rotation control unit that rotates the radiation source, the reflective structure and the radiation detector in a body around the object with a normal direction with respect to an emission direction of the parallelized radiation as a rotational axis,wherein an intensity of the radiation which transmits the object is detected by the radiation detector in accordance with the rotational angle controlled by the rotation control unit. 6. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of radiation units each of which is arranged by the radiation source and the reflective structure is disposed in the normal direction with an interval. 7. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image construction unit constructs a three-dimensional image of the object based on the intensity of the radiation detected in accordance with the rotational angle. 8. The radiation imaging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising:a rotation and translation control unit that moves the radiation source, the reflective structure, and the radiation detector in a body in a normal direction while rotating the radiation source, the reflective structure, and the radiation detector around the object with a normal direction with respect to an emission direction of the parallelized radiation as a rotational axis,wherein an intensity of the radiation which transmits the object is detected by the radiation detector in accordance with the rotational angle and the movement distance controlled by the rotation and translation control unit.