Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. Apparatus for X-ray analysis having an X-ray source generating an X-ray beam which is reflected by monochromator means and is to be incident on a sample, characterized in that: (a) said X-ray source is a rotating target X-ray tube having a rotating target which has an effective focal spot size of 40 to 100 micrometers,  (b) said monochromator means is a composite monochromator having a first elliptic monochromator and a second elliptic monochromator joined with each other side by side,  (c) each of said elliptic monochromators has a first focal point at which an X-ray focal spot on said target is disposed and a second focal point at which said sample is to be disposed,  (d) each of said elliptic monochromators has a reflection surface made of a synthetic multilayered thin film in which layer boundaries, which contribute to diffraction, are parallel to said reflection surface and d-spacing varies continuously along an elliptic-arc so as to satisfy a Bragg""s equation for X-rays with a predetermined wavelength at any point of said reflection surface, and  (e) a shortest distance between said X-ray focal spot on said target and said composite monochromator is 40 to 100 mm. 2. Apparatus for X-ray analysis according to  claim 1 , wherein said d-spacing of said synthetic multilayered thin film is within a range of 2.5 to 5.0 nanometers. claim 1 3. Apparatus for X-ray analysis according to  claim 1 , wherein an X-ray irradiation spot size on said sample, which is disposed at said second focal point of each of said elliptic monochromators, is less than 0.3 mm. claim 1 4. Apparatus for X-ray analysis according to  claim 1 , wherein an X-ray convergence angle at said second focal point of each of said elliptic monochromators is less than 0.2 degrees. claim 1 5. Apparatus for X-ray analysis having an X-ray source generating an X-ray beam which is reflected by monochromator means, characterized in that: (a) said X-ray source is a rotating target X-ray tube having a rotating target which has an effective focal spot size of 40 to 100 micrometers,  (b) said monochromator means is a composite monochromator having a first elliptic monochromator and a second elliptic monochromator joined with each other side by side,  (c) each of said elliptic monochromators has a first focal point at which an X-ray focal spot on said target is disposed,  (d) each of said elliptic monochromators has a reflection surface made of a synthetic multilayered thin film in which layer boundaries, which contribute to diffraction, are parallel to said reflection surface and d-spacing varies continuously along an elliptic-arc so as to satisfy a Bragg""s equation for X-rays with a predetermined wavelength at any point of said reflection surface, and  (e) a shortest distance between said X-ray focal spot on said target and said composite monochromator is 40 to 100 mm. 6. Apparatus for supplying X-rays according to  claim 5 , wherein said d-spacing of said synthetic multilayered thin film is within a range of 2.5 to 5.0 nanometers. claim 5 7. Apparatus for supplying X-rays according to  claim 5 , wherein an X-ray irradiation spot size on said sample, which is disposed at said second focal point of each of said elliptic monochromators, is less than 0.3 mm. claim 5 8. Apparatus for supplying X-rays according to  claim 5 , wherein an X-ray convergence angle at said second focal point of each of said elliptic monochromators is less than 0.2 degrees. claim 5