Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A surge protection apparatus comprising:a signal determination unit configured to generate a control signal by detecting a surge on a power line; anda switching unit connected between the power line and a ground terminal,wherein the switching unit is configured to comprise:a power transistor that is turned on in response to the control signal;a first diode connected between the power line and a collector of the power transistor; anda second diode connected between the ground terminal and the collector of the power transistor. 2. The surge protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power transistor is implemented as any one of an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), a thyristor, and a Silicon carbide (SiC) transistor. 3. The surge protection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal determination unit comprises:a first capacitor connected to the power line;a first resistor connected between the first capacitor and a gate of the power transistor;a second resistor connected between the gate of the power transistor and the ground terminal; anda Zener diode connected between the ground terminal and the gate of the power transistor. 4. The surge protection apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a filter comprising:an inductor connected to the power line; anda capacitor connected between the inductor and the ground terminal. 5. The surge protection apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an overvoltage protection element comprising:an input inductor connected to the power line; anda Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) connected between the input inductor and the ground terminal. 6. The surge protection apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a filter comprising:an inductor connected to the power line; anda capacitor connected between the inductor and the ground terminal. 7. The surge protection apparatus of claim 3, further comprising an overvoltage protection element comprising:an input inductor connected to the power line; anda Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) connected between the input inductor and the ground terminal. 8. The surge protection apparatus of claim 4, further comprising an overvoltage protection element comprising:an input inductor connected to the power line; anda Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) connected between the input inductor and the ground terminal. 9. A surge protection apparatus comprising:a signal determination unit configured to generate a control signal by detecting a surge on a power line; anda switching unit connected between the power line and a ground terminal and configured to comprise a power transistor that is turned on in response to the control signal,wherein the signal determination unit comprises:a first capacitor connected to the power line;a first resistor connected between the first capacitor and a gate of the power transistor;a second resistor connected between the gate of the power transistor and the ground terminal; anda Zener diode connected between the ground terminal and the gate of the power transistor. 10. The surge protection apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a filter comprising:an inductor connected to the power line; anda capacitor connected between the inductor and the ground terminal. 11. The surge protection apparatus of claim 9, further comprising an overvoltage protection element comprising:an input inductor connected to the power line; anda Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) connected between the input inductor and the ground terminal. 12. The surge protection apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an overvoltage protection element comprising:an input inductor connected to the power line; anda Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) connected between the input inductor and the ground terminal.