Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A telescoped control rod for a pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising an inner rod, an outer rod and a guide cylinder assembly which are vertically and coaxially arranged, wherein the outer rod and the guide cylinder assembly are hollow cylindrical bodies; the top end of the inner rod can move up and down inside the outer rod and the other end of the inner rod moves up and down, along with the top end, inside a control rod passage which is positioned below the guide cylinder assembly and is coaxial with the guide cylinder assembly; and the top end of the outer rod can move up and down in the guide cylinder assembly and the other end of the outer rod moves up and down, along with the top end, inside the control rod passage,wherein the inner rod is of a multi-section structure and comprises a coupling head assembly, an anti-impact head assembly and a plurality of internal section rods connected in series by sphere articulated joints, one end of the coupling head assembly is connected with the internal section rod at a first section and the other end of the coupling head assembly is connectable with a loop chain of a control rod driving mechanism; and one end of the anti-impact head assembly is connected with the internal section rod at a tail section,wherein the coupling head assembly comprises a coupling head, a flat pin, a locking bead ring, a buffer pressure plate, a cylinder spring, a bearing pressure plate, a ceramic ball, a bearing bottom plate and a sphere joint; the coupling head is connected with the loop chain of the control rod driving mechanism by the flat pin and the locking bead ring is used for encircling and fastening the flat pin; andthe buffer pressure plate is arranged on the cylinder spring to form a buffer structure, the buffer structure is externally arranged on the side wall of the coupling head, the sphere joint is in threaded connection with the bearing pressure plate and is in spherical fit with an internal section rod upper end plate, a thrust bearing structure is formed by the ceramic ball, the bearing pressure plate and the bearing bottom plate together, and the thrust bearing structure is externally sleeved by the coupling head. 2. The telescoped control rod for the pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein each internal section rod comprises an outer sleeve, the upper end plate and a lower end plate which are respectively positioned at both ends of the outer sleeve, and a B4C pellet which is welded and packaged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate and is positioned in the outer sleeve; gaps are reserved between the B4C pellet and the outer sleeve and between the B4C pellet and the upper end plate; and a hold-down spring is arranged between the B4C pellet and the upper end plate. 3. The telescoped control rod for the pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 2, wherein the anti-impact head assembly comprises a buffer pressure plate, a disk spring and an anti-impact head of which the side wall is provided with a bulge; and the disk spring is arranged between the bulge and the buffer pressure plate. 4. The telescoped control rod for the pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the guide cylinder assembly is fixedly mounted on an upper bearing plate for metal reactor internals and comprises an upper segment, a middle segment and a lower segment; the upper segment and the middle segment are fixedly mounted on the upper bearing plate for the metal reactor internals together; the upper segment is positioned above the bearing plate and a gap is reserved between the upper segment and a reactor pressure vessel sealing head; the middle segment is positioned under the bearing plate and passes through a plurality of layers of reactor core pressure plates; the bottom of the middle segment is inserted into the lower segment; the lower segment is fixed to a metal reactor internal positioning plate; and a positioning ring is welded at the lower end of the lower segment. 5. A telescoped control rod for a pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising an inner rod, an outer rod and a guide cylinder assembly which are vertically and coaxially arranged, wherein the outer rod and the guide cylinder assembly are hollow cylindrical bodies; the top end of the inner rod can move up and down inside the outer rod and the other end of the inner rod moves up and down, along with the top end, inside a control rod passage which is positioned below the guide cylinder assembly and is coaxial with the guide cylinder assembly; and the top end of the outer rod can move up and down in the guide cylinder assembly and the other end of the outer rod moves up and down, along with the top end, inside the control rod passage,wherein a top inner shrunk opening and a top outer shaft shoulder are formed at the top of the outer rod; and the outer rod is of a multi-section structure and comprises a sliding sleeve type shock absorber, hanging assemblies and a plurality of external section rods, the hanging assemblies are connected with the corresponding external section rods, and the sliding sleeve type shock absorber is connected with the external section rod at a first section, andwherein each external section rod comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, an upper end plate, a lower end plate, a hold-down spring and a B4C pellet; the B4C pellet is mounted in an annular space defined by the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, the upper end plate and the lower end plate and gaps are reserved between the B4C pellet and the inner and outer sleeves as well as the upper end plate; the hold-down spring is arranged between the B4C pellet and the upper end plate; and the outer sleeve is provided with a vent hole. 6. The telescoped control rod for the pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 5, wherein the guide cylinder assembly is fixedly mounted on an upper bearing plate for metal reactor internals and comprises an upper segment, a middle segment and a lower segment; the upper segment and the middle segment are fixedly mounted on the upper bearing plate for the metal reactor internals together; the upper segment is positioned above the bearing plate and a gap is reserved between the upper segment and a reactor pressure vessel sealing head; the middle segment is positioned under the bearing plate and passes through a plurality of layers of reactor core pressure plates; the bottom of the middle segment is inserted into the lower segment; the lower segment is fixed to a metal reactor internal positioning plate; and a positioning ring is welded at the lower end of the lower segment. 7. The telescoped control rod for the pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 5, wherein all the hanging assemblies are the same in the number of hanger ring structures arranged; each hanger ring structure comprises two sphere pendants, two cylindrical pins, a long hanger ring and two check rings; the sphere pendants are mounted in inner side grooves of the upper end plates and the lower end plates; the sphere pendants are connected with the long hanger ring by the cylindrical pins and the cylindrical pins are fixed by the check rings; and gaps are reserved among the sphere pendants, the cylindrical pins and the long hanger.