Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. An adaptive x-ray filter for changing a local intensity of x-ray radiation, the adaptive x-ray filter comprising:a first fluid operable to absorb at least some of the x-ray radiation;positioning elements that are hydraulically moveable and are operable to change a layer thickness of the first fluid at a location of a respective positioning element of the positioning elements by at least partly displacing the first fluid; anda flexible first membrane that is transparent for the x-ray radiation, the flexible first membrane separating the first fluid from the positioning elements,wherein the flexible first membrane is moveable by the positioning elements. 2. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning elements are arranged in a plane at right angles to the x-ray radiation, in a honeycomb matrix, or in the plane at right angles to the x-ray radiation and in the honeycomb matrix. 3. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:a cover plate arranged above the first fluid,wherein the flexible first membrane is pushable by the positioning elements, andwherein the cover plate and the flexible first membrane form a cavity for the first fluid. 4. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 3, further comprising:a second fluid arranged below the flexible first membrane, an x-ray radiation absorption property of the second fluid being the same as an x-ray radiation absorption property of the positioning elements. 5. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 3, wherein each positioning element of the positioning elements is configured in the shape of a mushroom and includes a cap and a stem. 6. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 3, further comprising:a flexible second membrane arranged below the positioning elements, the flexible second membrane being moveable in a location-dependent manner hydraulically in a direction of the positioning elements, and as a result, the positioning elements operable to move in a direction of the first fluid such that the positioning elements locally change the layer thickness of the first fluid. 7. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:a second fluid arranged below the flexible first membrane, an x-ray radiation absorption property of the second fluid being the same as an x-ray radiation absorption property of the positioning elements. 8. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 7, wherein the positioning elements are surrounded by the second fluid. 9. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 7, wherein each positioning element of the positioning elements is configured in the shape of a mushroom and includes a cap and a stem. 10. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:a flexible second membrane arranged below the positioning elements, the flexible second membrane being moveable in a location-dependent manner hydraulically in a direction of the positioning elements, and as a result, the positioning elements operable to move in a direction of the first fluid such that the positioning elements locally change the layer thickness of the first fluid. 11. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:a flexible second membrane arranged below the positioning elements, the flexible second membrane being moveable in a location-dependent manner hydraulically in a direction of the positioning elements, and as a result, the positioning elements operable to move in a direction of the first fluid such that the positioning elements locally change the layer thickness of the first fluid. 12. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:a distributor plate arranged below the flexible second membrane, the distributor plate comprising supply lines for a third fluid, a hydraulic pressure being exertable on the positioning elements with the third fluid. 13. An adaptive x-ray filter for changing a local intensity of x-ray radiation, the adaptive x-ray filter comprising:a first fluid operable to absorb at least some of the x-ray radiation; andpositioning elements that are hydraulically moveable and are operable to change a layer thickness of the first fluid at a location of a respective positioning element of the positioning elements by at least partly displacing the first fluid,wherein each positioning element of the positioning elements is configured in the shape of a mushroom and includes a cap and a stem. 14. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:a flexible first membrane separating the first fluid from the positioning elements; anda second fluid arranged below the flexible first membrane,wherein the positioning elements are surrounded by the second fluid. 15. An adaptive x-ray filter for changing a local intensity of x-ray radiation, the adaptive x-ray filter comprising:a first fluid operable to absorb at least some of the x-ray radiation;positioning elements that are hydraulically moveable and are operable to change a layer thickness of the first fluid at a location of a respective positioning element of the positioning elements by at least partly displacing the first fluid; anda flexible first membrane that is transparent for the x-ray radiation, the flexible first membrane separating the first fluid from the positioning elements,wherein the positioning elements are arranged in a plane at right angles to the x-ray radiation, in a honeycomb matrix, or in the plane at right angles to the x-ray radiation and in the honeycomb matrix. 16. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 15, further comprising:a cover plate arranged above the first fluid,wherein the flexible first membrane is pushable by the positioning elements, andwherein the cover plate and the flexible first membrane form a cavity for the first fluid. 17. The adaptive x-ray filter as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:a second fluid arranged below the flexible first membrane, an x-ray radiation absorption property of the second fluid being the same as an x-ray radiation absorption property of the positioning elements. 18. A method for changing a local intensity of x-ray radiation using an adaptive x-ray filter, the method comprising:hydraulically moving a positioning element of the adaptive x-ray filter arranged in a plane;changing a layer thickness of a first fluid absorbing at least some of the x-ray radiation at a location of the positioning element, the changing comprising at least partly displacing, by the positioning element, the first fluid; andseparating the first fluid from the positioning element by a flexible first membrane, wherein the flexible first membrane is moveable by the positioning element.