Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. An ion beam apparatus comprising an ion beam optical system including an ion source, an objective lens for focusing an ion beam emitted from said ion source, and a scanning and deflecting unit for scanning said ion beam on a sample, a detector for detecting secondary particles generated from the sample under the irradiation of said ion beam, and a control unit for controlling said ion beam optical system, wherein said control unit controls to change a focusing condition of said objective lens in accordance with a current value of said ion beam when section processing of said sample is executed;  wherein when the current value of said ion beam is less than the predetermined value, said control unit sets the focusing condition of said objective lens so that a Gauss image plane of said ion beam is more flush with a surface of said sample than the case that the current value of said ion beam is not less than the predetermined value; and  wherein when the current value of said ion beam is not less than the predetermined value, said control unit changes the focusing condition of said objective lens to set the focusing condition of said objective lens so that a plane of said ion beam on which a least circle of confusion is formed is more flush with a surface of said sample than the case that the current value of said ion beam is less than the predetermined value. 2. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said objective lens includes an electrostatic lens and said control unit performs switching between a focusing/processing ion beam and an edge processing ion beam by switching lens voltage of said objective lens. claim 1 3. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising a restriction diaphragm having a restriction aperture with an opening of circular form or a mask having an opening of desired form inclusive of a circle, said opening having an opening area for permitting current of said ion beam to have a value not less than said predetermined value. claim 1 4. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising a restriction diaphragm having a restriction aperture with an opening of circular form and said least circle of confusion is formed at a position which substantially coincides with the surface of said sample. claim 1 5. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising a restriction diaphragm comprising a mask having an opening of a desired form inclusive of a circle, said ion beam is an edge processing ion beam having, at the sample surface position, a sectional form that is analogous to the form of opening of said mask in a direction vertical to an optical axis, and said control unit has the function of forming an edge processing ion beam by controlling a lens voltage of an electrostatic lens forming said objective lens and the function of forming an axis-alignment focusing/processing ion beam for high image resolution by changing the lens voltage of said electrostatic lens on the basis of conditions for formation of said edge processing ion beam. claim 1 6. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said control unit controls said ion beam optical system such that said ion beam is formed as an observation ion beam during sample observation and process region setting and said ion beam is formed as an edge processing ion beam during sample processing. claim 1 7. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said control unit includes a memory for storing a relation between a value characteristic of said ion beam and a control value of said ion beam optical system. claim 1 8. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 7 , wherein the characteristic value of said ion beam is at least one of beam current, beam diameter and beam aperture angle of said ion beam. claim 7 9. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 6 , wherein said control unit stores, as a difference correction amount, a difference in irradiation position on the sample between said edge processing ion beam and said observation ion beam and has the function of correcting the ion beam irradiation position by using said difference correction amount such that the irradiation position of said edge processing ion beam coincides with that of said observation ion beam on the sample. claim 6 10. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 6 , further comprising an image memory for saving an observation image of the sample observed using said observation ion beam, means for setting a process region at a desired position of the sample by using the observation image saved in said image memory and display means for displaying said set process region and said saved observation image in an overlapping fashion. claim 6 11. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 4 , further comprising means for setting a scanning region of said ion beam by subtracting from the set process region an amount corresponding to a precedently determined beam radius of said ion beam. claim 4 12. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising a display for indicating whether the ion beam irradiated on the sample is an observation ion beam or a processing ion beam and a display for indicating, when the ion beam irradiated on the sample is said processing ion beam, whether said processing ion beam is a focusing/processing ion beam or an edge processing ion beam. claim 1 13. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 5 , further comprising an image memory for saving an observation image of the sample observed using an observation ion beam, means for displaying a position of the optical axis of said edge processing ion beam and a region referenced to the optical axis and scheduled to be processed by projecting said edge processing ion beam upon the sample in a fashion of overlapping with said saved observation image, and means for setting the process region by designating the position of optical axis of said edge processing ion beam such that said region scheduled for processing coincides with a desired position. claim 5 14. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising transport means for transferring an extractive sample obtained by separating part of the sample to a position different from an extractive position and an extractive sample state for carrying said extractive sample transferred by said transport means. claim 1 15. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein said control unit includes desired form processing control means for processing the form of said extractive sample into a desired form including at least one of elongated lamina, rectangular prism, triangular prism and gear. claim 14 16. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising a deposition gas source for supplying a raw material gas for formation of a deposition film in said ion beam irradiation region on the sample, said control unit including beam adjusting means for forming an edge deposition processing ion beam assuming a beam focusing state similar to that of said edge processing ion beam. claim 1 17. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 3 , further comprising at least one upper intermediate focusing means for focusing said ion beam between said objective lens and said restriction diaphragm. claim 3 18. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 3 , further comprising an illuminating means and at least one lower intermediate focusing means for focusing said ion beam between said restriction diaphragm and said illuminating means. claim 3 19. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said control unit includes brightness change detecting means for detecting a change in brightness of an ion microscope image observed during processing and end point detecting means for stopping the processing at the time that the brightness change is detected. claim 1 20. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , further comprising output gain adjusting means for adjusting the output gain of said detector in accordance with the magnitude of beam current of said processing ion beam. claim 1 21. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said apparatus comprises a plurality of ion beam optical systems and optical axes of at least two ion beam optical systems cross each other at one point. claim 1 22. An ion beam apparatus according to  claim 21 , wherein said apparatus comprises an ion beam optical system for forming only an edge processing ion beam and an ion beam optical system for forming an observation ion beam and a focusing/processing ion beam. claim 21 wherein said control unit controls to change conditions of said objective lens in accordance with one of a case that a current value of said ion beam is less than a predetermined and a case that the current value of said ion beam is not less than the predetermined values, when section processing of said sample is executed;  wherein when the current value of said ion beam is less than the predetermined value, a condition of said ion beam optical system is changed so that an image of said ion source is formed on a surface of said sample; and  wherein when the current value of said ion beam is not less than the predetermined value, a condition of said ion beam optical system is changed so that an image of said opening of said mask is formed on the surface of said sample. 23. A sample processing method for executing section processing of a sample by irradiating a sample with an ion beam emitted from an ion source through an ion beam optical system, comprising the steps of: changing into and processing said sample under a condition of said ion beam optical system in which a position of a Gauss image of said ion beam is substantially flush with a surface of said sample, when a current value of said ion beam is less than a predetermined value; and  changing into and processing said sample under a condition of said ion beam optical system in which a position of a least circle of confusion of said ion beam is substantially flush with the surface of said sample, when a current value of said ion beam is not less than said predetermined value. 24. A sample processing method for executing section processing of a sample by irradiating a sample with an ion beam emitted from an ion source through an ion beam optical system including a mask having an opening formed in a desired shape, comprising the steps of: changing into and processing said sample under a condition of said ion beam optical system in which an image of said ion source is formed on a surface of said sample, when a current value of said ion beam optical system is less than a predetermined value; and  changing into and processing said sample under a condition of said ion beam optical system in which an image of said opening of said mask is formed on the surface of the sample, when a current value of said ion beam is not less than said predetermined value. 25. An ion beam apparatus comprising an ion beam optical system including an ion source, an objective lens for focusing an ion beam emitted from said ion source, a scanning and deflecting unit for scanning said ion beam on a sample, and a mask having an opening for forming said ion beam emitted from said ion source in a desired shape, a detector for detecting secondary particles generated from the sample under the irradiation of said ion beam, and a control unit for controlling said ion beam optical system.