Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A charged particle beam apparatus for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with a charged particle beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges that remain on the sample from a semiconductor manufacturing process, prior to irradiation of the sample with the charged particle beam; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the charged particle beam the stored information. 2. A charged particle beam apparatus for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with a charged particle beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges that remain on the sample after the sample is grounded; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the charged particle beam using the stored information. 3. A charged particle beam apparatus for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with a charged particle beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges that are greater at a center of the sample than at an edge thereof; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the charged particle beam using the stored information. 4. A charged particle beam apparatus for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with a charged particle beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges that are distributed concentrically about a predetermined point on the sample; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the charged particle beam using the stored information. 5. A charged particle beam apparatus for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with a charged particle beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges that exist over a large area of the sample; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the charged particle beam using such charge information. 6. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising one or more electrostatic potentiometer, wherein charge distribution of the sample is obtained using the one or more electrostatic potentiometer. 7. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of electrostatic potentiometers disposed two dimensionally, wherein charge distribution of the sample is obtained using the plurality of electrostatic potentiometers. 8. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, wherein charge distribution is obtained during transfer of the sample. 9. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the one or more electrostatic potentiometer is disposed on a central line of a sample transfer path. 10. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the one or more electrostatic potentiometer is disposed symmetrically with respect to a central line of a sample transfer path. 11. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising one or more electrostatic potentiometer, wherein a potential of the sample is measured using the one or more electrostatic potentiometer, and wherein an approximation formula for a charge distribution of the sample is created using a result of the measurement. 12. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle beam apparatus memorizes information related to magnitude of the charges at a predetermined position on the sample. 13. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle beam apparatus stores, as a pair, coordinates of a potential measurement position that are calculated from a speed of the sample during transfer, and a magnitude of the charges. 14. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle beam apparatus changes the optical conditions of the charged particle beam by adjusting one or a combination of an excitation current through an object lens, a negative voltage applied to the sample, a positive voltage applied to a cylindrical electrode disposed in the object lens, and a potential of a charged particle beam source. 15. A scanning electron microscope for measuring a sample based on secondary electrons emitted due to irradiation of the sample with an electron beam, comprising:a memory device storing information related to charges on the sample in an area larger than a scanned area; anda controller for changing optical conditions of the electron beam using distribution of the charges. 16. A scanning electron microscope according to claim 15, wherein the memory device stores information related to charges that have become attached to the sample during a semiconductor manufacturing process, prior to scanning with the electron microscope, and wherein the controller changes the optical conditions of the electron beam using the charge information related to charges that have become attached to the sample. 17. The scanning electron microscope according to claim 15, wherein the scanning electron microscope adjusts a focal point by adjusting one or a combination of an excitation current through an object lens, a negative voltage applied to the sample, a positive voltage applied to a cylindrical electrode disposed in the object lens, and a potential of a charged particle source, and measures the dimensions of the sample. 18. A method for measuring a sample based on secondary charged particles emitted due to irradiation of the sample with an electron beam, comprising:changing optical conditions of the electron beam during scanning using information related to charges in an area of the sample larger than a scanned area. 19. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of electrostatic potentiometers are disposed on a central line of a sample transfer path. 20. The charged particle beam apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of electrostatic potentiometers are disposed symmetrically with respect to a central line of a sample transfer path.