Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A method for implementing Bragg-diffraction leveraged modulation of X-ray pulses using MicroElectroMechanical systems (MEMS) based diffractive optics comprising:providing an oscillating crystalline MEMS device;providing an incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation on the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; andselecting pulses with Bragg-diffraction leveraged modulation of the incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation and generating a controllable time-window of the selected pulses-using the oscillating crystalline MEMS device and diffracting X-ray pulses during an oscillation cycle of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device when the incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation has an angle of incidence equal to a Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; a width of the controllable time-window determined by an angular velocity of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; andproviding an angle of incidence equal to said Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device for isolating the selected pulses, and angularly separating each of the selected pulses. 2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein providing incident X-ray radiation on the oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes providing X-ray pulses from a synchrotron radiation source. 3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein providing an oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes providing a controllably oscillated crystalline MEMS device by providing a selected oscillation frequency. 4. The method as recited in claim 3 includes changing said controllable time-window of selected pulses by providing said selected oscillation frequency. 5. The method as recited in claim 3 wherein providing said selected oscillation frequency includes providing a pair of comb-drive actuators together with respective torsional flexures for driving an X-ray diffractive crystal. 6. The method as recited in claim 1 includes providing a selected oscillation frequency for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device for isolating the selected pulses, and angularly separating the selected pulses. 7. The method as recited in claim 1 includes providing an angle of incidence equal to a Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device and providing a selected oscillation frequency for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device for separating a pulse from an X-ray pulse-train and diffracting X-ray pulses during said oscillation cycle of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device when the incident X-ray radiation has said angle of incidence equal to said Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device. 8. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein providing said oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes fabricating said oscillating crystalline MEMS device using a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) wafer for providing a single-crystal-silicon, and removing a substrate beneath the single-crystal-silicon. 9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein fabricating said oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes providing a pair of torsional flexures coupled to single-crystal-silicon and anchored to the substrate. 10. The method as recited in claim 9 includes providing a respective pair of comb-drive actuators coupled to the pair of torsional flexures. 11. The method as recited in claim 10 includes providing said comb-drive actuators with inter-digitated capacitors (IDCs). 12. An apparatus for implementing Bragg-diffraction leveraged modulation of X-ray pulses using MicroElectroMechanical systems (MEMS) based diffractive optics comprising:an oscillating crystalline MEMS device;an X-ray source providing an incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation on the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; andsaid oscillating crystalline MEMS device selecting pulses with Bragg-diffraction leveraged modulation of the incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation and generating a controllable time-window of the selected pulses-and diffracting X-ray pulses during an oscillation cycle of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device when the incident pulse train of X-ray synchrotron radiation has an angle of incidence equal to a Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; a width of the controllable time-window determined by an angular velocity of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device; andsaid oscillating crystalline MEMS device provides Bragg-diffraction leveraged modulation of X-ray pulses including isolating a pulse, and angularly separating individual pulses from an X-ray pulse-train and diffracting X-ray pulses during the oscillation cycle of the oscillating crystalline MEMS device when the incident X-ray radiation has said angle of incidence equal to said Bragg angle θB for the oscillating crystalline MEMS device. 13. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 wherein said oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) wafer including a single-crystal-silicon forming an X-ray diffractive crystal, a substrate being removed below the single-crystal-silicon. 14. The apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein said oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes a respective pair of torsional flexures coupled to said single-crystal-silicon and said substrate. 15. The apparatus as recited in claim 14 wherein said oscillating crystalline MEMS device includes a respective pair of comb-drive actuators coupled to the pair of torsional flexures, said comb-drive actuators including inter-digitated capacitors (IDCs). 16. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 wherein said X-ray source includes a synchrotron radiation source providing X-ray pulses to said oscillating crystalline MEMS device.