Patent Number: 055419682
Section: description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown machine 10 configured in accordance with the principles of the present invention for sampling the solidified waste 13 of a drum 12, such as a 55 gallon drum, with three core drills 14, spaced 120.degree. apart and having bits 15. The waste contents 13 of the drum 12 may include nuclear contaminated and/or other hazardous solidified waste and may be in the form of a cemented monolith. The machine 10 includes a base 20 and three support columns 22, 24 and 26 which are spaced 120.degree. apart. Mounted on the base 20 is a platform 28 upon which the drum 12 rests. The platform 28 is raised from the FIG. 1 position to the FIG. 2 position with respect to the base 20 by a pneumatic/hydraulic lifting mechanism 30 which, for example, might project a piston 32 therefrom to lift the barrel 12. Alternatively, the platform 28 may be raised by hydraulic cylinders fixed to the columns 22, 24 and 26 wherein the cylinders have piston rods attached to the columns which pull the platform 28 upwardly. In this way, a gap 34 which allows the drum 12 to be disposed between the platform 28 and a seal plate 36 is closed. As is seen in FIG. 3, the seal plate 36 has a gasket 38 thereon which has an outside diameter greater than, and an inside diameter less than, the diameter of the drum 12 for sealing with the top of the drum. The seal plate 36 also has radially sealed circular openings 42 through which the core drills 14 pass. In order to enhance sealing between the plate 36 and the core drills 14, each core drill has a split seal 43 inserted in the circular opening 42 so that air, which may include particles (cuttings) of the waste material 13 from the drum 12, does not escape between the core drill and circular opening. A vacuum line 44 may also be connected to an annular space 45 defined by the inner diameter of the gasket 38 to draw off air suspended particles (cuttings) of the waste material 13. The air drawn through line 44 is filtered in a separate high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter system. Core drills 14 are journaled in a support plate 50 for rotation with respect to the support plate and for axial translation in an axial direction 51 upon moving the support plate 50 downwardly from the FIG. 1 to the FIG. 2 position. Mounted on the support plate 50 are spindles 52 which are used to rotate the core drills 14. As is seen in FIG. 4 in combination with FIG. 1, the spindles 52 each have sprockets fixed to the top or second ends thereof on opposite sides of a mounting plate 64. The sprockets 58 are driven by a hydraulic motor 66 that drives a chain 68 trained around the sprockets with a drive sprocket 69. Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, it is seen that the plates 50 and 64 are rigidly associated with one another and are raised and lowered together by three piston rods 70 (only one of which is shown) spaced 120.degree. apart and projected and retracted by hydraulic cylinders 71 (only one of which is shown) which are fixed with respect to the supporting columns 22, 24 and 26. While the plates 50 and 64 are being lowered to the FIG. 2 position, the core drills 14 rotate cutting into the waste material 13 in order to obtain core samples. The core drills 14 do not need to be rotated while the plates 50 and 64 are being raised. Referring now to FIG. 5, where a core drill 14 and spindle assembly is shown, it is seen that each of the core drills 14 are threaded into the ends of the spindles 52. The spindles 52 are each mounted in housings 72 and the housings are secured to the support plates 50 and 64 by flanges 73 and 74, respectively. Each of the housings 72 has a port 75 through which pressurized gas is applied. The port 75 communicates with an annular chamber 76 which in turn communicates with a second port 78 through the wall of the core drill 14. The core drill 14 is hollow and receives therein a plastic core retaining tube 80 that is coaxial with the core drill. The plastic core retaining tube 80 retains a core sample 81 of the solidified waste material 13 in the drum 12 as the core drill 14 penetrates the waste material. There is a small annular space 82 between the outer surface of the tube 80 and the inner wall 83 of the core drill 14. Pressurized gas, applied through the bore 75, flows down the small space 82 between the plastic sample tube 80 and the wall 83 of the core drill 14 and out of radial openings 86 proximate the bit 15 at the free end of the core drill. Gas flowing out of the radial openings 86 causes cuttings 87 (see FIG. 2) to be forced away from the bit and up the outside surface 88 of the core drill 14. The cuttings 87 accumulate at the top of the holes in the material 13 being cored so as to form "ant hills" around the top of holes as the holes are being drilled in the material. Additionally, the gas flow cools the cutting bit 15, and serves to minimize contamination of the outside surface of the plastic core retaining tube 80. At the top of each spindle 52, there is disposed a nut 92 which has an annular fitting 94 which is received in the end of the plastic core retaining tube 80. If necessary, a vacuum may be applied through an axial port 96 in the nut 92 to ensure that the core sample material 81 within the tube 80 is maintained inside of the tube when the core drills 14 are withdrawn from the barrel. The controls, which operate the machine 10 by applying hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic power supply 99, are located in part on the machine and in part in a control box 100. The control 102 for raising and lowering the drum 12 is attached To one side of the machine. This control activates the lifting mechanism 30. The controller includes controls for all other machine operations, including: a button 104 for starting and stopping the hydraulic power supply; a control 105 for starting, stopping and adjusting the speed of the hydraulic motor 66 which drives the core drills 14; and a control 106 which causes the hydraulic cylinders 71 to retract and extend the piston rods 70 as well as setting the speed of these retraction and extension operations, for raising and lowering the drill cores 14. In operation, a drum 12 is loaded onto the platform 28 with a forklift (not shown) or some other conveying and loading device. The drum-up control 102a is then activated to raise the drum so that the top of the drum seals against the gasket 38. A hydraulic power supply is then energized by pushing the start button 104. Activation of the control 105 energizes the motor 66 which causes the spindles 52 to rotate within the spindle housings 72 at a variable speed, depending upon the setting of the control 105. Gas pressure is then applied to the port 75 so as to cause a stream of gas to flow in the passage 82 and out of the holes 86 in the bottom of the core drills 14. By activation of control 105, the core drills 14 are then simultaneously advanced axially hydraulically by pulling the piston rods 70 into the hydraulic cylinders 71. Control 105 permits the operator to adjust the speed of this function. Since the bits 15 at the end of the core drills 14 are rotating, the core drills cut their way into the solidified waste material 13. As the waste material is cut, it is formed into the cores 81 which are received in the plastic core sample tubes 80 (see FIG. 2). Once the drill bits 15 of the core drills reach the lower part of the drum 12, rotation of the motor 66 is stopped, preferably by a limit switch. The control 102b is then operated again to cause the mounting platforms 50 and 64 to rise, thus pulling the core drills 14 (containing core samples 81) from the material 13 in the drum 12. As this is done, a vacuum may be applied if needed through the ports 96 in the nuts 92 of the core drills 14 to retain the core samples 81 within the plastic sample retaining tubes 80. The threaded plugs 92 are then removed from the core drills 14 so that the core tubes 80 with the samples 81 therein may be withdrawn from the core drills. The ends of the core sample tubes 80 are then capped with plastic caps so that the core samples 81 of the waste material 13 therein are retained for analysis. From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.