Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A control rod drive mechanism comprising:a drive assembly located on a top end of a reactor pressure vessel, the drive assembly including annular drive magnets extending around a top end of a drive shaft and annular drive coils extending around the drive magnets, separated by a pressure boundary;a latch assembly coupled to the drive magnets configured to engage the drive shaft in response to actuation of the drive assembly, the drive coils further configured to rotate the drive magnets and the engaged latch assembly and axially displace the drive shaft; anda disconnect assembly, includinga disconnect magnet coupled to a top end of a disconnect rod that extends entirely through the drive shaft; andannular disconnect coils extending around the disconnect magnet, separated by a pressure boundary, configured to hold the disconnect magnet and the disconnect rod in a raised position to disconnect the drive shaft from a control rod assembly. 2. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 1, wherein:activation of the drive coils raises the drive magnets engaging the latch assembly with the drive shaft; anddeactivation of the drive coils drops the drive magnets disengaging the latch assembly and dropping the drive shaft via gravity. 3. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 1, further comprising threads located around the top end of the drive shaft, wherein the latch assembly is configured to engage with the threads when the drive coils are activated and axially displace the drive shaft when the drive magnets rotate the latch assembly around the engaged threads. 4. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 1, wherein the latch assembly includes:a base held down at a bottom end to a drive shaft housing;a collar coupled vertically to, but rotationally de-coupled from the top end of the base through bearings;a latch coupled at a top end to the drive magnets; anda gripper pivotally coupled to a bottom end of the latch and pivotally coupled on the top end to the collar. 5. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 4, wherein raising the drive magnets with the drive coils raises the latch and engages the first end of the gripper with a threaded outside surface of the drive shaft. 6. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 5, wherein rotating the raised drive magnets with the drive coils causes the engaged gripper to rotate against the threaded outside surface axially displacing the drive shaft. 7. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 1, wherein the latch assembly includes:a base coupled at a bottom end to the drive shaft housing;a collar coupled vertically to, but rotationally de-coupled from the top end of the base;a latch coupled at a top end to the drive magnets;a hinge pivotally coupled at a first end to a top end of the collar; anda gripper pivotally coupled at a first end to a second end of the hinge and pivotally coupled at a second end to a bottom end of the latch. 8. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 7, wherein activating the drive coils raises the drive magnets and the attached latch, moving the second end of the gripper upwards and inwards engaging with a threaded outside surface of the drive shaft. 9. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 1, further comprising:a drive shaft housing extending up from a top end of the reactor pressure vessel; andthe drive shaft, wherein the top end of the drive shaft extends into the drive shaft housing, wherein a bottom end of the drive shaft is coupled to the control rod assembly, and wherein the control rod assembly is located at a bottom end of the reactor pressure vessel. 10. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 9, whereinthe annular drive magnets are located within the drive shaft housing coupled; andthe annular drive coils extend around the drive shaft housing. 11. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 10, whereinthe disconnect magnet is in the drive shaft housing above the top end of the drive shaft,the disconnect rod connects at a bottom end to a grapple that connects to the control rod assembly,the annular disconnect coils extend around the drive shaft housing, andthe disconnect coils are configured to hold the disconnect magnet in the raised position to control the grapple. 12. The control rod drive mechanism of claim 11, wherein linearly displacing the drive shaft upwards with the latch assembly causes the top end of the drive shaft to vertically raise up the disconnect magnet and the disconnect rod.