Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component via the method of chemical vapor deposition of an organometallic compound by direct liquid injection (DLI-MOCVD), the nuclear component chosen from a nuclear fuel cladding, a spacer grid, a guide tube, a plate fuel or an absorber rod, comprising:i) a support containing a substrate based on a metal chosen from zirconium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum or base alloys thereof (1) and at least one protective layer (2);ii) said at least one protective layer (2) coating said support and composed of a protective material comprising chromium which is an amorphous chromium carbide; the process comprising the following successive steps:a) vaporizing a mother solution containing a hydrocarbon-based solvent free of oxygen atoms; and a precursor of bis(arene) type comprising chromium, the precursor having a decomposition temperature comprised between 300° C. and 600° C.;b) in a chemical vapor deposition reactor in which is located said support to be covered and the atmosphere of which is at a deposition temperature comprised between 300° C. and 500° C. and at a deposition pressure comprised between 13 Pa and 7000 Pa; introducing the mother solution vaporized in step a), which brings about the deposition of said at least one protective layer (2) on said support. 2. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein the nuclear component further comprises a liner (4) placed on the inner surface of said support, which is the surface of said support opposite to the medium that is external to the nuclear component. 3. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein said at least one protective layer (2) is an outer protective layer (2A) which coats the outer surface of said support which is the surface of said support facing the medium that is external to the nuclear component; and/or, when the nuclear component comprises an inner volume, an inner protective layer (2B) which coats the inner surface of said support. 4. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 2, wherein the liner (4) is deposited, at a deposition temperature comprised between 200° C. and 400° C., onto the inner surface of said support by chemical vapor deposition of an organometallic compound (MOCVD) or DLI-MOCVD with, as precursor(s), a titanium amide and further a precursor comprising silicon, a precursor comprising aluminum and/or a liquid additive comprising nitrogen if the material of which the liner is composed comprises, respectively, silicon, aluminum and/or nitrogen. 5. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises, after step b):c) performing on said at least one protective layer (2) at least one step chosen from a subsequent treatment step of ionic or gaseous nitridation, ionic or gaseous silicidation, ionic or gaseous carbosilicidation, or ionic or gaseous nitridation followed by ionic or gaseous silicidation or carbosilicidation. 6. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein the mother solution further contains an additional precursor having a decomposition temperature comprised between 300° C. and 600° C., the additional precursor being at least one precursor of bis(arene) type comprising an addition element chosen from yttrium, aluminum, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, a precursor comprising aluminum or yttrium as addition elements, or mixtures thereof; such that the protective material is doped with the addition element. 7. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein the precursor of bis(arene) type comprising chromium further comprises an element M which is, chromium; the element M being in oxidation state zero (M0) so as to have a precursor of bis(arene) type comprising the element M0. 8. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 1, wherein the substrate (1) is coated with an interposed layer (3) placed between the substrate (1) and the at least one protective layer (2). 9. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 2, wherein said at least one protective layer (2) is an outer protective layer (2A) which coats the outer surface of said support which is the surface of said support facing the medium that is external to the nuclear component; and/or, when the nuclear component comprises an inner volume, an inner protective layer (2B) which coats the inner surface of said support coated with the liner (4). 10. Process for manufacturing a nuclear component according to claim 6, wherein the precursor of bis(arene) type comprising the addition element comprises an element M which is the addition element; the element M being in oxidation state zero (M0) so as to have a precursor of bis(arene) type comprising the element M0.