Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. An x-ray analysis apparatus for illuminating a sample spot with an x-ray beam, comprising:an x-ray tube having a source spot from which a diverging x-ray beam is produced, the source spot requiring alignment along a transmission axis passing through the sample spot;a first housing section to which the x-ray tube is attached along a first axis thereof, the first housing section including adjustable mounting features for adjustably mounting the x-ray tube therein such that the source spot coincides with the first axis, the first housing section further including mating surfaces aligned to the first axis;a second housing section having a second axis coinciding with the transmission axis, and mating surfaces aligned to the second axis; andat least one x-ray optic attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the at least one x-ray optic requiring alignment along the transmission axis;the first housing section and second housing section being matable along their respective mating surfaces to thereby align the first and second axes with the transmission axis, thereby aligning the source spot, x-ray optic, and sample spot. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second housing section is tubular in shape, with the second axis running longitudinally therein. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the x-ray tube is tubular in shape, having its source spot at one end thereof. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first and second housing sections are tubular in shape, and the mating surfaces of the first and second housing sections comprise surface portions in contact with each other upon attachment of the first and second tubular housing sections. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the x-ray tube is tubular in shape, having its source spot at one end thereof. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one x-ray optic is at least one curved diffracting optic or polycapillary optic, for receiving the diverging x-ray beam from the x-ray tube and focusing the beam at the sample spot. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one optic is at least one focusing monochromating optic. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one focusing monochromatic optic is a doubly curved crystal optic or doubly curved multi-layer optic, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the second axis. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one x-ray optic comprises a plurality of x-ray optics, each optic of the plurality of optics attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing a respective portion of the beam toward the sample spot, and requiring alignment along the transmission axis, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the transmission axis. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein each optic of the plurality of x-ray optics is a focusing monochromatic optic. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein each optic of the plurality of x-ray optics is a doubly curved crystal optic or doubly curved multi-layer optic, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the second axis. 12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one carriage for mounting the at least one x-ray optic to the second housing section to receive the diverging x-ray beam, the at least one carriage mountable either directly or indirectly to the second housing section, such that an active surface of the at least one x-ray optic is aligned along, and positioned a desired distance from, the transmission axis. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein a surface of the second housing section to which the at least one carriage is mounted is fabricated such that the at least one x-ray optic is positioned the desired distance from the transmission axis. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the second housing section is tubular in shape, and wherein the surface of the second housing section to which the at least one carriage is mounted comprises and outer diameter of the second housing section. 15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the carriage comprises mounting features, and/or a shim to position the optic a desired distance from the transmission axis. 16. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third housing section, the third housing section including an aperture along the transmission axis through which the x-ray beam passes when illuminating the sample spot, the second housing section and third housing section being matable along respective mating surfaces to thereby align the aperture with the transmission axis and therefore the sample spot. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an x-ray detector mounted to the third housing section in alignment with the sample spot. 18. An x-ray analysis apparatus for illuminating a sample spot with an x-ray beam, comprising:an x-ray tube having a source spot from which a diverging x-ray beam is produced, the source spot requiring alignment along a transmission axis passing through the sample spot;a first tubular housing section to which the x-ray tube is attached along a first axis thereof, such that the source spot coincides with the first axis, the first housing section further including mating surfaces aligned to the first axis;a second tubular housing section having a second axis coinciding with the transmission axis, and mating surfaces aligned to the second axis; andat least one focusing x-ray optic attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the at least one x-ray optic requiring alignment along the transmission axis;the first housing section and second housing section being matable along their respective mating surfaces to thereby align the first and second axes with the transmission axis, thereby aligning the source spot, x-ray optic, and sample spot. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one focusing x-ray optic is at least one curved diffracting optic or polycapillary optic, for receiving the diverging x-ray beam from the x-ray tube and focusing the beam at the sample spot. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one optic is at least one focusing monochromating optic. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one focusing monochromatic optic is a doubly curved crystal optic or doubly curved multi-layer optic, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the second axis. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least focusing one x-ray optic comprises a plurality of focusing x-ray optics, each optic of the plurality of optics attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing a respective portion of the beam toward the sample spot, and requiring alignment along the transmission axis, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the transmission axis. 23. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a third housing section, the third housing section including an aperture along the transmission axis through which the x-ray beam passes when illuminating the sample spot, the second housing section and third housing section being matable along respective mating surfaces to thereby align the aperture with the transmission axis and therefore the sample spot.