Patent Number: 048250902
Section: claims

1. A shielding membrane for absorbing radiation generated by an electromagnetic radiation source, the shielding membranes comprising: first means for absorbing some of the radiation initially passing into the membrane;  second means for grounding some of the low frequency components of the radiation that is not absorbed by said first means;  third means for trapping, grounding and absorbing still further radiation not absorbed or grounded by said first and second means, said third means including an electromagnetic radiation absorption media, the third means further causing at least a portion of the unabsorbed radiation to reflect back and forth through the absorption media.  means for minimizing reflection of electromagnetic radiation incident on the incident surface of the shielding membrane;  a conductive deflection layer formed of a multiplicity of spaced apart metallic deflection pads for deflecting incident radiation thereabout, said deflection layer being positioned in spaced apart confronting relationship with the base side of said reflection minimizing means;  a conductive absorption funneling layer disposed in spaced apart confronting relationship with the base side of the deflection layer and having a multiplicity of apertures for passing radiation; and  a grounded reflecting plate spaced apart from the base side of said absorption funneling layer.  a waveguide barrier having a multiplicity of substantially pyramid shape protrusions facing the radiation emitting components for minimizing reflection of electromagnetic radiation incident on the shielding membrane;  a conductive mesh disposed on the base side of the waveguide barrier for blocking low frequency radiation, said mesh being grounded;  a conductive deflection layer formed of a multiplicity of spaced apart metallic deflection pads for deflecting incident radiation thereabout, said deflection layer being grounded and positioned in spaced apart relation from the base side of said conductive mesh;  a conductive absorption funneling layer disposed in spaced apart confronting relationship with the base side of the deflection layer and having a multiplicity of apertures for passing radiation, said absorption funneling layer being grounded;  a reflecting plate spaced apart from the base side of said absorption funneling layer; and  a plastic casing disposed on the base side of the reflecting plate; and  a plurality of absorption spacers adapted to absorb and disperse at least a portion of the radiation incident thereon, the plurality of absorption spacers including a first spacer disposed between said conductive layer and said deflection layer, a second spacer disposed between the deflection layer and the absorption funneling layer, and a third spacer disposed between said absorption funneling layer and said reflecting plate.  a waveguide barrier having a multiplicity of pyramidal protrusions facing the radiation source for minimizing the reflection of electromagnetic radiation incident thereupon;  a plurality of spaced apart and stacked conductive layers, each said conductive layer being grounded for grounding a portion of the incident radiation;  a plurality of absorption spacers for absorbing and dispersing radiation passing therethrough, each said absorption spacer being disposed between an adjacent pair of conductive layers; and  wherein said conductive layers include, a conductive mesh adapted to block low frequency radiation, a deflection layer formed of a multiplicity of spaced apart electrically connected metallic deflection pads for deflecting incident radiation thereabout, an absorption funneling layer disposed on the base side of said deflection pad and having a multiplicity of apertures for passing radiation deflected about said deflection pads, and a reflecting plate disposed on the base side of said absorption funneling layer for cooperating with said absorption funneling layer and said deflection layer to trap radiation passing through said apertures therebetween.  a conductive deflection layer formed of a multiplicity of spaced apart metallic deflection pads for deflecting incident radiation thereabout;  a conductive absorption funneling layer disposed in space apart confronting relationship with the base side of the deflection layer and having a multiplicity of apertures for passing radiation;  absorption means for absorbing radiation passing through said shielding membrane, said absorption means including a first absorption layer disposed on the incident side of said deflection layer and a second absorption layer disposed between said deflection and absorption funneling layers; and  grounding means for grounding at least one of the conducting layers from a group including the deflection and absorption funneling layers. 2. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 1 wherein said third means includes a pair of grounded plates positioned in a spaced apart confronting relationship on opposite sides of the absorption media for reflecting at least a portion of the unabsorbed radiation incident thereon back and forth across the absorption media. 3. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 1 wherein said first means includes means for minimizing reflections of electromagnetic radiation incident on the shielding membrane. 4. A shielding membrane for absorbing radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source, the shielding membrane having an incident side facing substantially towards the radiation source and a base side facing substantially away from the radiation source, the shielding membrane comprising: 5. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 4 further comprising means for grounding some of the low frequency components of the radiation that enters the shielding membrane, the low frequency grounding means being disposed between the reflection minimizing means and the deflection layer. 6. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 5 wherein said grounding means includes a conductive mesh that is spaced apart from said deflection layer, the mesh being grounded. 7. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 6 wherein said reflection minimizing means includes a waveguide barrier having a multiplicity of protrusion facing the radiation emitting source for minimizing reflection of electromagnetic radiation incident on the shielding membrane. 8. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 7 further comprising a first spacer disposed between said conductive mesh and said deflection layer, a second spacer disposed between said deflection layer and said absorption funneling layer and a third spacer disposed between said absorption funneling layer and said reflecting plate. 9. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 further comprising a plurality of deflection layers and a plurality of absorption funneling layers disposed in spaced apart relation between said conductive mesh and said reflecting plate. 10. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 4 wherein said reflecting plate is formed of a metallic material. 11. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said spacers are formed of a high density porous foam. 12. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 5 wherein the deflection pads on said deflection layer have substantially the same geometry as the apertures on said absorption funneling layer. 13. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 12 wherein said deflection pads are substantially circular and electrically interconnected. 14. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 for use in the walls of a building. 15. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said conductive layers are formed of lead and said radiation source emits X-rays. 16. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said shielding membrane forms a portion of a housing for a video display terminal. 17. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said shielding membrane forms a housing disposed about a power supply or radiation source. 18. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said shielding membrane is substantially tubular. 19. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 18 wherein said shielding membrane is disposed about electrical power lines. 20. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 7 wherein said waveguide barrier protrusions are substantially pyramidal. 21. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 8 wherein said deflection layer, said absorption funneling layer and said reflecting plate are all stippled to disperse radiation reflected therefrom. 22. A housing for shielding the emission of an appliance having components that emit electromagnetic radiation, the housing having an incident side facing substantially towards the radiation emitting components and a base surface facing substantially away from the radiation emitting components, the housing comprising: 23. A shielding membrane for shielding radiation from various electronic and electrical sources, the shielding membrane having an incident side facing said components and a base side facing away from said components, the shielding membrane comprising: 24. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 4 wherein said deflection layer is grounded. 25. A shielding membrane as recited in claim 4 wherein said absorption funneling layer is grounded. 26. A shielding membrane for absorbing radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source, the shielding membrane having an incident side facing substantially towards the radiation source and a base side facing substantially away from the radiation source and comprising: