Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A stage mechanism, comprising: a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, wherein said first stage is movable in a first direction corresponding to one of the vertical direction and a direction approximating the vertical direction;  a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to said first stage;  a first driving mechanism for moving said first stage in the first direction;  a second driving mechanism for moving said second stage in the second direction;  a countermass movable in the first direction, said countermass having a mass balancing with a mass of one of said first and second stages, which moves in the first direction; and  a third driving mechanism for generating a force for moving said countermass in a direction opposite to the first direction. 2. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , further comprising a secondary countermass and a fourth driving mechanism for moving the secondary countermass in a direction opposite to the second direction. claim 1 3. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein each of said first and second driving mechanisms comprises a linear motor. claim 1 4. A stage mechanism according to  claim 2 , wherein each of said third and fourth driving mechanisms comprises a linear motor. claim 2 5. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein said stage mechanism includes plural countermasses each being said countermass. claim 1 6. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , wherein said third driving mechanism is controlled so that a reaction force or a change in gravity center produced due to the motion of the first stage is reduced by movement of the countermass. claim 1 7. A stage mechanism according to  claim 2 , wherein said fourth driving mechanism is controlled so that a reaction force or a change in gravity center produced due to the motion of the second stage is reduced by movement of the countermass. claim 2 8. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , further comprising compensating means for compensating for a weight of the first stage and the countermass. claim 1 9. A stage mechanism according to  claim 8 , wherein said compensating means has a connecting mechanism for connecting the stage and the countermass. claim 8 10. A stage mechanism according to  claim 9 , wherein said connecting mechanism includes a pulley and a belt. claim 9 11. A stage mechanism according to  claim 10 , wherein said pulley has a pulley diameter ratio substantially corresponding to an inverse of a mass ratio between the first stage and the countermass. claim 10 12. A stage mechanism according to  claim 9 , wherein said connecting mechanism includes a cylinder mechanism. claim 9 13. A stage mechanism according to  claim 12 , wherein said cylinder mechanism is arranged so that the weight of the first stage and the weight of the countermass are balanced with each other. claim 12 14. A stage mechanism according to  claim 13 , wherein a sectional area of a piston for supporting the first stage and a sectional area of a piston for supporting the weight of the countermass substantially correspond to a mass ratio between the first stage and the countermass. claim 13 15. A stage mechanism according to  claim 1 , further comprising a damper for supporting said stage system. claim 1 16. A stage mechanism, comprising: a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or in a first direction close to the vertical direction;  a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to the first stage;  a countermass movable in the first direction;  a first driving mechanism for moving the first stage in the first direction; and  a second driving mechanism for moving the second stage in the second direction,  wherein said first driving mechanism includes a magnet and a coil, one of which is mounted on one of the first stage and the countermass and the other of which is mounted on the other of the first stage and the countermass, such that the countermass moves in a direction opposite to the first stage. 17. A stage mechanism according to  claim 16 , further comprising a secondary countermass movable in a direction opposite to the second direction. claim 16 18. A stage mechanism according to  claim 17 , wherein said second driving mechanism includes a magnet and a coil, one of which is mounted on one of the second stage and the secondary countermass and the other of which is mounted on the other of the second stage and the secondary countermass, such that the secondary countermass moves in a direction opposite to the second stage. claim 17 19. A stage mechanism according to  claim 16 , further comprising compensating means for compensating for a weight of the first stage and the countermass. claim 16 20. A stage mechanism according to  claim 19 , wherein said compensating means has a connecting mechanism for connecting the stage and the countermass. claim 19 21. A stage mechanism according to  claim 20 , wherein said connecting mechanism includes a pulley and a belt. claim 20 22. A stage mechanism according to  claim 21 , wherein said pulley has a pulley diameter ratio substantially corresponding to an inverse of a mass ratio between the first stage and the countermass. claim 21 23. A stage mechanism according to  claim 20 , wherein said connecting mechanism includes a cylinder mechanism. claim 20 24. A stage mechanism according to  claim 23 , wherein said cylinder mechanism is arranged so that the weight of the first stage and the weight of the countermass are balanced with each other. claim 23 25. A stage mechanism according to  claim 24 , wherein a sectional area of a piston for supporting the first stage and a sectional area of a piston for supporting the weight of the countermass substantially correspond to a mass ratio between the first stage and the countermass. claim 24 26. A stage system, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction;  a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage;  connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members; and  an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from said connecting members to the stage. 27. A stage mechanism according to  claim 26 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism is provided at one of a connection between the connecting members and the countermass, and a connection between the stage and the connecting members. claim 26 28. A stage system according to  claim 27 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an elastic member. claim 27 29. A stage system according to  claim 28 , wherein said elastic member comprises laminated rubber. claim 28 30. A stage system according to  claim 26 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an elastic member provided at one of a supporting portion for supporting a bearing of the pulley and the surface of the pulley. claim 26 31. A stage system according to  claim 26 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism comprises a rotary type static bearing for rotatably supporting a bearing of the pulley. claim 26 32. A stage system according to  claim 26 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an actuator for producing a force. claim 26 33. A stage system according to  claim 26 , further comprising a static bearing device for maintaining the stage out of contact with the reference plane. claim 26 34. A stage system according to  claim 26 , wherein the stage comprises a two-dimensional stage movable two-dimensionally along the reference plane. claim 26 35. A stage system according to  claim 34 , further comprising a yaw guide for guiding the stage in the vertical direction, and a yaw guide static bearing for maintaining the stage out of contact with the yaw stage. claim 34 36. A stage system according to  claim 26 , wherein each of the connecting members comprises one of a steel belt and a steel wire. claim 26 37. A stage system, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a first direction close to the vertical direction;  connecting members connected to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members;  a motor for rotationally driving the pulley and for compensating for a weight of the stage; and  an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from said connecting members to the stage. 38. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism is provided at a connection between the stage and the connecting members. claim 37 39. A stage system according to  claim 38 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an elastic member. claim 38 40. A stage system according to  claim 39 , wherein said elastic member comprises laminated rubber. claim 39 41. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an elastic member provided at one of a supporting portion for supporting a bearing of the pulley and the surface of the pulley. claim 37 42. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism comprises a rotary type static bearing for rotatably supporting a bearing of the pulley. claim 37 43. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein said anti-vibration mechanism includes an actuator for producing a force. claim 37 44. A stage system according to  claim 37 , further comprising a static bearing device for maintaining the stage out of contact with the reference plane. claim 37 45. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein the stage comprises a two-dimensional stage movable two-dimensionally along the reference plane. claim 37 46. A stage system according to  claim 45 , further comprising a yaw guide for guiding the stage in the vertical direction, and a yaw guide static bearing for maintaining the stage out of contact with the yaw guide. claim 45 47. A stage system according to  claim 37 , wherein each of the connecting members comprises one of a steel belt and a steel wire. claim 37 48. A stage system, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction;  a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage;  connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members; and  an actuator for adjusting one of a tension force of and an effective length of the connecting members. 49. A stage system according to  claim 48 , further comprising control means for controlling said actuator on the basis of positional information about the stage. claim 48 50. A stage system according to  claim 48 , wherein said actuator is provided at one of a connection between the connecting members and the countermass, and a connection between the stage and the connecting members. claim 48 51. A stage system according to  claim 48 , wherein said actuator is provided at a supporting portion for supporting the pulley. claim 48 52. A stage system according to  claim 48 , wherein said actuator includes at least one of an air spring, an air cylinder, a linear motor and a piezoelectric device. claim 48 53. A stage system according to  claim 48 , further comprising a static bearing device for maintaining the stage out of contact with the reference plane. claim 48 54. A stage system according to  claim 48 , wherein the stage comprises a two-dimensional stage movable two-dimensionally along the reference plane. claim 48 55. A stage system according to  claim 54 , further comprising a yaw guide for guiding the stage in the vertical direction, and a yaw guide static bearing for maintaining the stage out of contact with the yaw guide. claim 54 56. A stage system according to  claim 48 , wherein each of the connecting members comprises one of a steel belt and a steel wire. claim 48 57. An exposure apparatus, comprising: a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, wherein the first stage is movable in a first direction corresponding to one of the vertical direction and a direction approximating the vertical direction;  a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to the first stage;  a first driving mechanism for moving the first stage in the first direction;  a second driving mechanism for moving the second stage in the second direction;  a countermass movable in the first direction, said countermass having a mass balancing with a mass of one of said first and second stages, which moves in the first direction; and  a third driving mechanism for generating a force for moving the countermass in a direction opposite to the first direction. 58. An apparatus according to  claim 57 , wherein said exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray exposure apparatus. claim 57 59. An exposure apparatus, comprising: a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or in a first direction close to the vertical direction;  a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to the first stage;  a countermass movable in the first direction;  a first driving mechanism for moving the first stage in the first direction; and  a second driving mechanism for moving the second stage in the second direction,  wherein said first driving mechanism includes a magnet and a coil, one of which is mounted on one of the first stage and the countermass and the other of which is mounted on the other of the first stage and the countermass, such that the countermass moves in a direction opposite to the first stage. 60. An apparatus according to  claim 59 , wherein said exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray exposure apparatus. claim 59 61. An exposure apparatus, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction;  a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage;  connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members; and  an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from said connecting members to the stage. 62. An apparatus according to  claim 61 , wherein said exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray exposure apparatus. claim 61 63. An exposure apparatus, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a first direction close to the vertical direction;  connecting members connected to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members;  a motor for rotationally driving the pulley and for compensating for a weight of the stage; and  an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from said connecting members to the stage. 64. An apparatus according to  claim 63 , wherein said exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray exposure apparatus. claim 63 65. An exposure apparatus, comprising: a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction;  a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage;  connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage;  a pulley for supporting said connecting members; and  an actuator for adjusting one of a tension force of and an effective length of the connecting members. 66. An apparatus according to  claim 65 , wherein said exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray exposure apparatus. claim 65 67. A device manufacturing method, comprising the steps of: applying a photosensitive material to a wafer;  exposing the wafer by use of an exposure apparatus; and  developing the exposed wafer,  wherein the exposure apparatus comprises (i) a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, wherein the first stage is movable in a first direction corresponding to one of the vertical direction and a direction approximating the vertical direction, (ii) a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to the first stage, (iii) a first driving mechanism for moving the first stage in the first direction, (iv) a second driving mechanism for moving the second stage in the second direction, (v) a countermass movable in the first direction, the countermass having a mass balancing with a mass of one of the first and second stages, which moves in the first direction, and (vi) a third driving mechanism for generating a force for moving the countermass in a direction opposite to the first direction. 68. A device manufacturing method, comprising the steps of: applying a photosensitive material to a wafer;  exposing the wafer by use of an exposure apparatus; and  developing the exposed wafer,  wherein the exposure apparatus comprises (i) a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction, (ii) a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage, (iii) connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage, (iv) a pulley for supporting the connecting members, and (v) an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from the connecting members to the stage. 69. A device manufacturing method, comprising the steps of: applying a photosensitive material to a wafer;  exposing the wafer by use of an exposure apparatus; and  developing the exposed wafer,  wherein the exposure apparatus comprises (i) a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a first direction close to the vertical direction, (ii) connecting members connected to the stage, (iii) a pulley for supporting the connecting members, (iv) a motor for rotationally driving the pulley and for compensating for a weight of the stage, and (v) an anti-vibration mechanism for reducing vibration to be propagated from the connecting members to the stage. 70. A device manufacturing method, comprising the steps of: applying a photosensitive material to a wafer;  exposing the wafer by use of an exposure apparatus; and  developing the exposed wafer,  wherein the exposure apparatus comprises (i) a stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction, (ii) a countermass, balancing with a weight of the stage, (iii) connecting members for connecting the countermass to the stage, (iv) a pulley for supporting the connecting members, and (v) an actuator for adjusting one of a tension force of and an effective length of the connection members. 71. A stage mechanism, comprising: a first stage movable along a reference plane, containing a vertical direction, and in the vertical direction or in a first direction close to the vertical direction;  a second stage movable in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and relative to said first stage;  a first driving mechanism for moving said first stage in the first direction;  a second driving mechanism for moving said second stage in the second direction;  a countermass movable in the first direction;  a third driving mechanism for moving said countermass in a direction opposite to the first direction; and  compensating means for compensating for a weight of said first stage and said countermass, wherein said compensating means comprises a connecting mechanism for connecting said stage and said countermass, said connecting mechanism includes a pulley and a belt, and said pulley has a pulley diameter ratio substantially corresponding to an inverse of a mass ratio between said first stage and said countermass.