Patent Number: 
Section: description

Embodiments of the steam turbine control device of the nuclear power plant concerning this invention are explained below. Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views. FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a steam turbine control device 19 has a control means to restrain a fall of the main steam pressure, ie., the pressure of the main steam header 4 or the main steam system 61, when the main steam isolation valves 2 are closed. A changeover means changes over, as a pressure control signal, from the reactor dome pressure control signal side to the main steam pressure control signal side when the main steam isolation valves 2 are closed. A second pressure deviation calculating unit 31 calculates with the main steam pressure signal 35 from the main steam pressure detector 26 installed in the main steam header 4 or the main steam system (main steam line) 61 as shown in FIG. 8 and the signal from a main steam pressure setter 30. A main steam pressure control calculating unit 32 calculates the pressure deviation signal from the second pressure deviation calculating unit 31 and outputs the main steam pressure control signal 37. A main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34 detects that the main steam isolation valve 2 that isolates the main steam system from the nuclear reactor 1 is fully closed. A pressure control signal changeover unit 33 changes over the pressure control signal 29 from the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 to the main steam pressure control signal 37 when the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully closed. That is, when the pressure control signal changeover unit 33 receives the pressure control change trigger signal 38 from the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34, the connection state of the pressure control signal changeover unit 33 is changed over from between a-c to between b-c, and then the signal outputted as the pressure control signal 29 from the pressure control signal changeover unit 33 is changed over from the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 to the main steam pressure control signal 37. Since some of the physical structure in this embodiment may be similar to the conventional structure shown in FIG. 9, the same reference characters are given to the same composition. FIGS. 2a-2c are signal time charts for explaining the function and effect of the first embodiment acquired by constituting as shown in FIG. 1 mentioned above. FIG. 2a shows a signal time chart of the rector dome pressure and the main steam pressure. As shown in FIG. 2a, if the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully closed and the pressure control signal 29 is changed over to the main steam pressure control signal 37 by the pressure control signal changeover unit 33, the main steam pressure detected by the main steam pressure detector 26 below the main steam isolation valves 2 falls according to the loss of steam supply, so the main steam pressure control signal 37 calculated by the main steam pressure control calculating unit 32 using the deviation signal between the main steam pressure signal and the signal from the main steam pressure setter 30 becomes zero or less. Therefore, the pressure control signal 29 denotes fully closed position command, that is, the main steam control valve 6 and the turbine by-pass valve 7 are thus closed. At this time, the steam flow into the steam turbine 8 or the condenser 10 is lost, and a rapid reduction of the steam that remains in the main steam system 61 downstream of the main steam isolation valves 2 can be prevented, as shown in FIG. 2a. Therefore, the steam remaining in the main steam system 61 is supplied to the turbine gland steam evaporator 12 as its heating steam, and a fall in the amount of supply of the gland sealing steam from the turbine gland steam evaporator 12 to the steam turbine 8 can be restrained. Moreover, in this embodiment, a rapid reduction of the drive steam of the steam jet air ejector 14 is prevented, and the vacuum drop in the condenser 10 can be restrained in an action like an atomizer by the steam flow into the steam jet air ejector 14. Consequently, the concept of this embodiment can be applied easily to any plant, even if it is an established conventional plant, without troubles concerned to the fully closed position of the main steam isolation valves 2. In addition, FIG. 2b shows a signal time chart of the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 and the main steam pressure control signal 37, and FIG. 2c shows a signal time chart of the pressure control signal 29 that determines the position of the main steam control valve 6. FIG. 3 is a block flow diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention In this embodiment, the steam turbine control device as mentioned in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has an additional control means to restrain the abrupt change at the time of the changeover of a pressure control signal from the main steam pressure control signal 37 to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 when the signal of the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34 is cancelled. In the steam turbine control device, a pressure control deviation calculating unit 43 calculates the deviation between the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 and the pressure control signal 29. A NOT circuit (logic reversal circuit) 39 outputs a signal when the pressure control change trigger signal 38 from the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34 is in a OFF state. A one-shot circuit 40 outputs a signal in an instant when an output arises from the NOT circuit 39. A relay contact 42 closes in an instant when the signal from the one-shot circuit 40 is outputted, and a bias signal generator 41, in the case that a signal is inputted, outputs a signal whose initial value is the value of the inputted signal and that decreases by a certain rate of change. The signal from the bias signal generator 41 is inputted to the first pressure deviation calculating unit 24 as an additive signal, and then the output of the first pressure deviation calculating unit 24 becomes the deviation signal added a bias. In this embodiment, the abrupt change of the pressure control signal 29 may be restrained when the pressure control signal 29 returns to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 by the pressure control signal changeover unit 33. FIGS. 4a-4b are signal time charts for explaining the function and effect of the second embodiment. The ordinate axis shows pressure and the abscissa axis shows time. FIG. 4a is a signal time chart of the reactor dome pressure and the main steam pressure for explaining the function and effect of the second embodiment of this invention described in FIG. 3. FIG. 4b is a chart of the reactor dome pressure and the main steam pressure in the first embodiment of this invention described in FIG. 1. In the second embodiment, once the pressure control change trigger signal 38 does not exist after the main steam isolation valves 2 are refully closed, the pressure control signal 29 changes over from the main steam pressure control signal 37 to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 by the pressure control signal changeover unit 33. If there is non-zero deviation between the main steam pressure control signal 37 and the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 at this time, the pressure control signal 29 changes abruptly according to the deviation, and the reactor dome pressure can be changed as shown in FIG. 4b according to the first embodiment of this invention. To the contrary, according to the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure control signal 29 can change over stably and restrain the change of the reactor dome pressure as shown in FIG. 4a, by adding the deviation between the pressure control signal 29 and the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 as bias to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 side and by decreasing the bias by a certain rate of changeover gradually. FIG. 5 is a block flow diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the steam turbine control device in the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, further comprises a holding means for holding the pressure control change trigger signal 38 by the signal of the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34 and a canceling means for canceling the pressure control change trigger signal 38 by manual operation or the signal of the main steam isolation valve fully open position detector 48. In the third embodiment, the main steam control device further comprises a self-holding means 46 to hold the pressure control trigger signal 38 which is once in an ON state, having a first NOT circuit (logic reverse unit) 39, an OR circuit 44, and an AND circuit 45. A manual reset operation unit 47 outputs a signal to the AND circuit 45 of the self-holding means 46 so that the self-holding state of the self-holding means 46 can be canceled This situation as mentioned above shows an example in this embodiment where the main steam isolation valve fully position state detector 48, that detects the fully open position of the main steam isolation valves 2, is not included. In the third embodiment described above, it is possible to hold the state that the pressure control change trigger signal 38 is in an ON state and the pressure control signal 29 is changed over to the main steam pressure control signal 37, and it is also possible to cancel the pressure control change trigger signal 38 by the manual reset operation unit 47. So it is enabled to change over the pressure control signal 29 to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 side manually according to the judgment of the operating staff. We may, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, transpose the manual reset operation unit 47 for the series circuit of the main steam isolation value fully open position detector 48 and a second NOT circuit 55, to cancel the self-holding means 46. In the third embodiment described above, it is possible to hold the state that the pressure control change trigger signal 38 is in an ON state and the pressure control signal 29 is changed over to the main steam pressure control signal 37, and it is also possible to cancel the pressure control change trigger signal 38 when the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully opened. The pressure control signal 29 can be changed over to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 side automatically when the main steam isolation valves 2 are detected to be fully open. FIG. 6 is a block flow diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, in the steam turbine control device as mentioned in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the manual reset operation unit 47 is substituted for a series circuit of a pressure switch 49 and a NOT circuit 39 to cancel the signal of self-holding means 46. The pressure switch 49 is activated when a pressure signal input is less than and equal to a pressure setting xcex1, wherein xcex1 is a fixed value that is enough to be decompressed, for example, 1 MPa. The pressure switch 49 detects the reactor dome pressure signal 28 is not more than a fixed value xcex1. A canceling means cancels the pressure control change trigger signal 38 when the reactor dome pressure falls to be equal to and less than a enough to be decompressed. In this embodiment, it is possible to hold the state that the pressure control change trigger signal 38 is in an ON state and the pressure control signal 29 is changed over to the main steam pressure control signal 37. After that, the nuclear reactor 1 is to be decompressed for a shutdown operation of the nuclear reactor 1. It is thus possible to cancel the pressure control change trigger signal 38 when the decompression operation of the nuclear reactor 1 is detected to be finished, and then the pressure control signal 29 can be changed over to the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 automatically with a shutdown operation of the nuclear reactor 1. FIG. 7 is a block flow diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the steam turbine pressure detectors 26 in the steam turbine control device in the first or second embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 are multiple, two or three. Specifically, in this embodiment, two main steam pressure detectors 26 and the second medium value selector 50 are added to the construction of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the main steam pressure signal 35 is replaced by the signal of medium value selected by the second medium value selector 50 from the triplex main steam pressure detectors 26. In this embodiment, even when the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully closed and one system breaks down among three systems of the main steam pressure detectors 26, the main steam pressure signal 35 is normally outputted to the second pressure deviation calculating unit 31. In the fifth embodiment, three sets of the main steam pressure detectors 26 may be replaced by two sets of the main steam pressure detectors 26, and the second medium value selector 50 may be replaced by a high value selector 51 (not shown) which chooses the high value of the outputs of the two main steam pressure detectors 26. In this case, the main steam pressure signal 35 is replaced by the signal of the higher value chosen by the high value selector 51 among the signals from the doubled main steam pressure detectors 26. In this structure, even when the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully closed and one system breaks down between two systems of the main steam pressure detectors 26, a fall in the main steam pressure signal 35 can be restrained. This invention is not limited to these embodiments described above. For example, a state indicator may display the changeover state of the contact of the pressure control signal changeover unit 33 in the first or second embodiments shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3. This structure enables an operating staff to recognize the changeover state of the pressure control signal 29 easily. With the form of the embodiments described above, the means to restrain the fall in the main steam pressure when the main steam isolation valves 2 are closed is constructed by the means to change over the pressure control signal 29 from the reactor dome pressure control signal 36 to the main steam pressure control signal 37 For example, the pressure control signal changeover unit 33 can be replaced by a control means to control the main steam control valve 6 and/or the turbine by-pass valve 7 shown in FIG. 8 when the main steam isolation valves 2 are fully closed. Furthermore, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the inputs of the self-holding means 46 have two signals of the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34 and one of the manual reset operation unit 47 and the main steam isolation valve fully open position detector 48, which can be replaced by the three signals of the main steam isolation valve fully closed position detector 34, the manual reset operation unit 47, and the main steam isolation valve fully open position detector 48. And the input of the AND circuit 45 in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 may further comprise the input of a series circuit of the NOT circuit 39 and the pressure switch 49 described in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the reactor pressure signal 28 may be inputted to the other end of the series circuit of the NOT circuit 39 and the pressure switch 49. Moreover, although the third, fourth, and fifth embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 explain the case where the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is used as a base, which can similarly explain the case where the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is used as a base. Furthermore, at least one of the speed/load control calculating unit 15, the load limiter 16, the maximum discharge restriction unit 17, the first and second low value selectors 18 and 22, the first and second deviation calculating units 20 and 21, the reactor dome pressure setter 23, the first and second pressure deviation calculating units 24 and 31, the reactor dome pressure control calculating unit 25, the first and second medium value selectors 27 and 50, the main steam pressure setter 30, the main steam pressure control calculating unit 32, the pressure control signal change unit 33, the first and second NOT circuits 39 and 55, the one-shot circuit 40, the bias signal generator 41, the relay contact 42, the pressure control deviation calculating unit 43, the OR circuit 44, the AND circuit 45, the manual reset operation unit 47, the pressure switch 49 activated when the pressure of its input signal is less than and equal to xcex1, the high value selector 51, may be hardware or a stored program memory and a CPU (central processing unit) which can read the content of the memory and calculate, or means similar to these. The first and the second indicator are hardware; the means for displaying the state, the memory storing the state signal, the software program, and the CPU reading and processing the content of the memory; or means similar to these. In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the main steam pressure detectors 26 are doubled or tripled, but they may be multiple more than three. While there has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. According to the present invention, since the main steam control valve and the turbine by-pass valve are fully closed when the main steam isolation valves are fully closed, it can be prevented to decrease abruptly the mass of the drive steam of the turbine grand steam evaporator, reactor feed water pump turbine, and the steam jet air ejector. The steam turbine control device of the nuclear power plant concerning this invention realizes to utilize the steam that remains in the main steam system effectively.