Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. An x-ray analysis apparatus for illuminating a sample spot with an x-ray beam, comprising;an x-ray tube having a source spot from which a diverging x-ray beam is produced having a characteristic first energy, and bremsstrahlung energy;a first x-ray optic for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the first x-ray optic monochromating the beam;a second x-ray optic for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the second x-ray optic monochromating the beam to a second energy; andwherein the source spot requires alignment along a transmission axis passing through the sample spot, the apparatus further comprising:a first tubular housing section to which the x-ray tube is attached along a first axis thereof such that the source spot coincides with the first axis, the first housing section further including mating surfaces aligned to the first axis;a second tubular housing section having a second axis coinciding with the transmission axis, and mating surfaces aligned to the second axis; andthe first and second x-ray optics attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the first and second optics requiring alignment along the transmission axis;the first housing section and the second housing section being matable along their respective mating surfaces to thereby align the first and second axes with the transmission axis, thereby aligning source spot, x-ray optics, and sample spot. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first x-ray optic monochromates characteristic energy from the source spot and the second x-ray optic monochromates bremsstrahlung energy from the source spot. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the x-ray optics are curved diffracting optics, for receiving the diverging x-ray beam from the x-ray tube and focusing the beam at the sample spot. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the x-ray optics are focusing monochromating optics. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the focusing onochromatic optics are doubly curved crystal optics or doubly curved multi-layer optics. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third x-ray optic for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the third x-ray optic monochromating bremsstrahlung energy from the source spot to a third energy. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each optic is attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing a respective portion of the beam toward the sample spot, and requiring alignment along the transmission axis, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the transmission axis. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third housing section, the third housing section including an aperture along the transmission axis through which the x-ray beam passes when illuminating the sample spot, the second housing section and third housing section being matable along respective mating surfaces to thereby align the aperture with the transmission axis and therefore the sample spot, the apparatus further comprising an x-ray detector mounted to the third housing section in alignment with the sample spot. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second housing sections are tubular in shape, and the mating surfaces of the first and second housing sections comprise surface portions in contact with each other upon attachment of the first and second tubular housing sections. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the x-ray optics are focusing monochromating optics. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein focusing monochromatic optics are doubly curved crystal optics or doubly curved multi-layer optics, mounted along a surface of the second housing section, and separated from the second axis. 12. An x-ray analysis apparatus for illuminating a sample spot with an x-ray beam, comprising:an x-ray tube having a source spot from which a diverging x-ray beam is produced, the source spot requiring alignment along a transmission axis passing through the sample spot;a first housing section to which the x-ray tube is attached along a first axis thereof, the first housing section including adjustable mounting features for adjustably mounting the x-ray tube therein such that the source spot coincides with the first axis, the first housing section further including mating surfaces aligned to the first axis;a second housing section having a second axis coinciding with the transmission axis, and mating surfaces aligned to the second axis; andfirst and second, different x-ray optics attached to the second housing section for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot at different respective energies, the first and second x-ray optics requiring alignment along the transmission axis;the first housing section and second housing section being ma able along their respective mating surfaces to thereby align the first and second axes with the transmission axis, thereby aligning the source spot, x-ray optics, and sample spot. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first optic monochromates characteristic energy from the source spot and the second x-ray optic monochromates bremsstrahlung energy from the source spot. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the x-ray optics are curved diffracting optics, for receiving the diverging x-ray beam from the x-ray tube and focusing the beam at the sample spot. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the x-ray optics are focusing monochromating optics. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the focusing monochromatic optics are doubly curved crystal optics or doubly curved multi-layer optics. 17. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a third x-ray optic for receiving the diverging x-ray beam and directing the beam toward the sample spot, the third x-ray optic monochromating bremsstrahlung energy from the source spot to a third energy. 18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the second housing section is tubular in shape, with the second axis running longitudinally therein. 19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the x-ray tube is tubular in shape, having its source spot at one end thereof. 20. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first and second housing sections are tubular in shape, and the mating surfaces of the first and second housing sections comprise surface portions in contact with each other upon attachment of the first and second tubular housing sections. 21. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a carriage for mounting each x-ray optic to the second housing section to receive the diverging x-ray beam, the carriages mountable either directly or indirectly to the second housing section, such that an active surface of x-ray optics are aligned along, and positioned a desired distance from, the transmission axis. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein a surface of the second housing section to which the carriages are mounted are fabricated such that the at least one x-ray optic is positioned the desired distance from the transmission axis.