Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. An installation for loading nuclear fuel assemblies each comprising a skeleton structure defining parallel locations for receiving fuel rods distributed in sheets in a predetermined distribution, said installation comprising: a rigid skeleton-receiving structure for receiving a skeleton structure in horizontal position;  a rod-receiving magazine sized for receiving fuel rods for loading in a disposition that corresponds to the predetermined disposition of said fuel rods in a particular one of said fuel assemblies; and  a fuel rod pulling or pushing bench comprising a set of pulling or pushing elements for sliding a plurality of said fuel rods simultaneously from the magazine into the skeleton structure;  wherein said skeleton structure-receiving structure comprises a bench arranged for enabling to securely receive a set of clamps taken from a plurality of sets each corresponding to a particular size of nuclear fuel assembly to be removably fixed by quick coupling and uncoupling means provided with closing and unclosing actuators and said pulling or pushing bench is arranged to receive a block for selecting pulling or pushing elements selected from a plurality of blocks, each block having a disposition of pulling or pushing elements rendered active which corresponds to a particular distribution of said fuel rods in the fuel assembly. 2. An installation according to  claim 1  for a fuel assembly whose skeleton structure is constituted by a skeleton having tubes interconnecting support grids, wherein each of said clamps has at least two portions, at least one of said portions being controllable by an actuator for locking respective one of said grids against the structure, said actuators being operable all simultaneously. claim 1 3. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein said clamps are operable independently of one another, and carry shoes for locking the grids of a skeleton structure in position. claim 1 4. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein the rod receiving magazine is carried by a support carriage and covered by a biological protection hood having a U-shaped cross-section bearing against the top face of the carriage. claim 1 5. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein the rigid structure for receiving the assembly skeleton structure is arranged to receive a biological protection hood comprising a plurality of parts which are telescopically movable relative to one another between a disposition in which they are placed side by side and cover the skeleton structure in its entirety, and a concentric disposition in which said parts are located within a reduced longitudinal space. claim 1 6. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein the rigid structure for receiving an assembly is fixed to a one-piece beam having a cross-section that tapers from the location of an axis for rocking the beam between a horizontal position and a vertical position. claim 1 7. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein each of said pulling or pushing elements is a pull or push bar provided with a longitudinal displacement actuator and with a force sensor. claim 1 8. An installation according to  claim 1 , further comprising longitudinal slideways provided on the rigid skeleton receiving structure for fixing clamp supports in adjustable positions. claim 1 9. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein each of said clamps is provided with actuator driven shoe means for clamping a respective grid of a skeleton structure. claim 1 10. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein the pulling or pushing bench is designed to receive at will any one of a plurality of sets of elements for selecting pulling or pushing elements, each set comprising: claim 1 a pulling block provided with actuators and sensors equal in number to a number of recesses for receiving rods in a sheet for the assembly to be loaded, said block being provided with flexible cable means having a terminal connector for making electrical and pneumatic connections and containing all of the conductors associated with the actuators and the sensors;  a set of tubular guides for mounting on the bench; and  a selection block placed on the bench facing the support structure and having holes reproducing the array of recesses for receiving rods in the skeleton structure to be loaded. 11. An installation according to  claim 1 , wherein said rod receiving magazine comprises a housing fitted with means for receiving any one of a plurality of sets of guide plates, each set corresponding to a particular array which is identical to an array of fuel rods in the fuel assembly to be built up. claim 1 12. The installation according to  claim 1 , wherein said pulling or pushing bench is configured with removable safety arms configured to ensure rod position through a photoelectric detector. claim 1