Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system that has a light source, a filter, and a focusing optical element for transmitting a illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein the concave mirror has at least one opening part for transmitting the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample and at least one other opening part for transmitting reflected light from the sample, and a reflected image of the sample is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system. 2. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 1 , wherein a surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 1 3. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a diaphragm is installed in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being reflected by the sample. claim 1 2 4. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 3 , wherein the diaphragm is formed by forming a light-blocking film on a reflective film formed on a surface of the concave mirror, while leaving an opening part that acts as a diaphragm. claim 3 5. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 3 , wherein the diaphragm is formed by forming a reflective film only in an opening part that acts as said diaphragm. claim 3 6. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 3 , wherein the diaphragm is disposed between the sample and the surface of the concave mirror, and is formed by one of a substrate made of a light-blocking material and a substrate covered by a light-blocking material, which has an opening part that acts as a diaphragm. claim 3 7. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 1  or  2 , further comprising a supporting column for supporting the convex mirror of the image-focusing optical system, the supporting column being disposed such that neither the illuminating light beam illuminating the sample nor the reflected light beam reflected by the sample is blocked by the supporting column. claim 1 2 8. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and at least one other opening part used to transmit scattered or diffracted light from the sample is formed in the concave mirror, an image of the sample formed by the scattered light or diffracted light being focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system. 9. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 8 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 8 10. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope claimed in  claim 8  or  9 , wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a reflective film is formed on a surface of the concave mirror, and a light-blocking film is formed of a substance that absorbs the reflected light beam only in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being scattered or diffracted by the sample. claim 8 9 11. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope claimed in  claim 8  or  9 , wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a reflective film is formed on the mirror except in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being scattered or diffracted by the sample. claim 8 9 12. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope claimed in  claim 8  or  9 , wherein in the image-focusing optical system, one of a substrate made of a light-blocking material or a substrate covered by a light-blocking material is disposed between the concave mirror and the sample for blocking the scattered or diffracted light beam from the sample,. claim 8 9 13. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 8  or  9 , further comprising a supporting column for supporting the convex mirror of the image-focusing optical system, the supporting column being disposed such that the illuminating light beam illuminating the sample is not blocked. claim 8 9 14. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 8  or  9 , wherein the illumination optical system comprises: claim 8 9 a light source that is one of a laser plasma light source, a discharge plasma light source, and an X-ray laser light source;  a filter that selectively transmits soft X-rays of a specified wavelength; and  a focusing optical element that focuses the light beam emitted from the light source. 15. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  8 , and  9 , wherein the illumination optical system includes a selector that switches the illuminating light to one of soft X-rays, visible light and ultraviolet light. 16. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  8 , and  9 , wherein a plurality of the illumination optical systems are installed, and a plurality of illuminating light beams that have different wavelengths are respectively caused to be incident on the sample via a plurality of different opening parts formed in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system. 17. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  8 , and  9 , wherein the image-focusing optical system is a Schwarzschild optical system. 18. A mask inspection device for inspecting a reflective mask to be used in a soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, comprising the reflective-type soft X-ray microscope of any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  8 , and  9  using soft X-rays having the same wavelength as that to be used in the soft X-ray reduction projection exposure. 19. A mask inspection device for inspecting a reflective mask to be used in a soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, comprising: the reflective-type soft X-ray microscope of any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  8 , and  9  using soft X-rays having the same wavelength as that to be used in the soft X-ray reduction projection exposure; and  a scanner that causes the surface of the sample to be scanned while the intensity of reflected light, diffracted light or scattered light is detected, the scanner further causing an image to be acquired in areas where the detected intensity varies. 20. A method for manufacturing a reflective mask having a pattern on a substrate, the method comprising: a first step of forming a reflective film having a multi-layer film for reflecting soft X-rays on a substrate;  a second step of forming a light-blocking film that absorbs soft X-rays on the reflective film;  a third step of forming a resist layer on the light-blocking film;  a fourth step of exposing portions of the resist layer for forming a latent image corresponding to a desired reflective or light-blocking pattern in the resist layer;  a fifth step of developing the resist layer to form the desired reflective or light-blocking pattern; and  a sixth step of etching the light-blocking film using the developed resist layer as a protective layer,  wherein at least one of the first, fifth, and sixth steps includes the step of inspecting the reflective film, the light-blocking film, the resist layer, or the reflective or light-blocking pattern formed in the resist layer or the reflective mask using the mask inspection device of  claim 19 .  claim 19 21. A method for manufacturing a reflective mask having a pattern on a substrate, the method comprising: a first step of forming a reflective film having a multi-layer film for reflecting soft X-rays on a substrate;  a second step of forming a resist layer on the reflective film;  a third step of exposing portions of the resist layer to form a latent image corresponding to a reflective or light-blocking pattern in the resist layer;  a fourth step of developing the resist layer to form the reflective or light-blocking pattern; and  a fifth step of forming a light-blocking film formed of one of an inorganic compound, an organic compound, and an organic and inorganic compound, which absorbs soft X-rays in areas not covered by the developed resist layer, using the resist layer as a protective layer,  wherein at least one of the first, fourth, and fifth steps includes the step of inspecting the reflective film, the light-blocking film or the reflective or light-blocking pattern formed in the resist layer or the reflective mask using the mask inspection device of  claim 19 .  claim 19 22. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system that has a light source, a filter, and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein the concave mirror has at least one opening part for transmitting the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample, and a reflected image of the sample is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system, and  wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a diaphragm is installed in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being reflected by the sample. 23. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 22 , wherein a surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 22 24. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 22  or  23 , wherein the diaphragm is formed by forming a light-blocking film on a reflective film formed on a surface of the concave mirror, while leaving an opening part that acts as a diaphragm. claim 22 23 25. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 22  or  23 , wherein the diaphragm is formed by forming a reflective film only in an opening part that acts as said diaphragm. claim 22 23 26. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 22  or  23 , wherein the diaphragm is disposed between the sample and the surface of the concave mirror, and is formed by one of a substrate made of a light-blocking material and a substrate covered by a light-blocking material, which has an opening part that acts as a diaphragm. claim 22 23 27. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and an image formed by scattered light or diffracted light is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system, and  wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a reflective film is formed on a surface of the concave mirror, and a light-blocking film is formed of a substance that absorbs the reflected light beam only in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being scattered or diffracted by the sample. 28. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 27 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 27 29. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and an image formed by scattered light or diffracted light is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system, and  wherein in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system, a reflective film is formed on the mirror except in the position on which the illuminating light beam that has passed through the opening part is incident after being scattered or diffracted by the sample. 30. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 29 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 29 31. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and an image formed by scattered light or diffracted light is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system, and  wherein in the image-focusing optical system, one of a substrate made of a light-blocking material or a substrate covered by a light-blocking material is disposed between the concave mirror and the sample for blocking the scattered or diffracted light beam from the sample. 32. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 31 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 31 33. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system that has a light source, a filter, and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein the concave mirror has at least one opening part for transmitting the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample, and a reflected image of the sample is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system, and  wherein a plurality of the illumination optical systems are installed, and a plurality of illuminating light beams that have different wavelengths are respectively caused to be incident on the sample via a plurality of different opening parts formed in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system. 34. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 33 , wherein a surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 33 35. A reflective-type soft X-ray microscope, comprising: an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and an image formed by scattered light or diffracted light is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system,  wherein a plurality of the illumination optical systems are installed, and a plurality of illuminating light beams that have different wavelengths are respectively caused to be incident on the sample via a plurality of different opening parts formed in the concave mirror of the image-focusing optical system. 36. The reflective-type soft X-ray microscope according to  claim 35 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 35 37. A mask inspection device for inspecting a reflective mask to be used in a soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, comprising: a reflective-type soft X-ray microscope using soft X-rays having the same wavelength as that to be used in the soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, the reflective-type soft X-ray microscope comprising:  an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system that has a light source, a filter, and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein the concave mirror has at least one opening part for transmitting the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample, and a reflected image of the sample is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system; and  a scanner that causes the surface of the sample to be scanned while the intensity of reflected light, diffracted light or scattered light is detected, the scanner further causing an image to be acquired in areas where the detected intensity varies. 38. The mask inspection device according to  claim 37 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 37 39. A mask inspection device for inspecting a reflective mask to be used in a soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, comprising: a reflective-type soft X-ray microscope using soft X-rays having the same wavelength as that to be used in the soft X-ray reduction projection exposure, the reflective-type soft X-ray microscope comprising:  an image-focusing optical system including a concave mirror and a convex mirror;  an illumination optical system including a light source, a filter and a focusing optical element for transmitting an illumination light beam; and  a stage mechanism that carries and moves a sample under observation,  wherein at least one opening part used to transmit the illuminating light beam that illuminates the sample is formed in the concave mirror, and an image formed by scattered light or diffracted light is focused on a soft X-ray image detector by the image-focusing optical system; and  a scanner that causes the surface of the sample to be scanned while the intensity of reflected light, diffracted light or scattered light is detected, the scanner further causing an image to be acquired in areas where the detected intensity varies. 40. The mask inspection device according to  claim 39 , wherein the surface of the sample is positioned to be substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the image-focusing optical system. claim 39 41. A method for manufacturing a reflective mask having a pattern on a substrate, the method comprising: a first step of forming a reflective film having a multi-layer film for reflecting soft X-rays on a substrate;  a second step of forming a light-blocking film that absorbs soft X-rays on the reflective film;  a third step of forming a resist layer on the light-blocking film;  a fourth step of exposing portions of the resist layer for forming a latent image corresponding to a desired reflective or light-blocking pattern in the resist layer;  a fifth step of developing the resist layer to form the desired reflective or light-blocking pattern; and  a sixth step of etching the light-blocking film using the developed resist layer as a protective layer,  wherein at least one of the first, fifth, and sixth steps includes the step of inspecting the reflective film, the light-blocking film, the resist layer, or the reflective or light-blocking pattern formed in the resist layer or the reflective mask using the mask inspection device of any one of claims  37 ,  38 ,  39 , and  40 . 42. A method for manufacturing a reflective mask having a pattern on a substrate, the method comprising: a first step of forming a reflective film having a multi-layer film for reflecting soft X-rays on a substrate;  a second step of forming a resist layer on the reflective film;  a third step of exposing portions of the resist layer to form a latent image corresponding to a reflective or light-blocking pattern in the resist layer;  a fourth step of developing the resist layer to form the reflective or light-blocking pattern; and  a fifth step of forming a light-blocking film formed of one of an inorganic compound, an organic compound, and an organic and inorganic compound, which absorbs soft X-rays in areas not covered by the developed resist layer, using the resist layer as a protective layer,  wherein at least one of the first, fourth, and fifth steps includes the step of inspecting the reflective film, the light-blocking film or the reflective or light-blocking pattern formed in the resist layer or the reflective mask using the mask inspection device of any one of claims  37 ,  38 ,  39 , and  40 .