Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A nuclear reactor system including a nuclear reactor vessel housing a nuclear core in which fission reactions take place and a nuclear instrumentation system for monitoring the fission reactions, with the nuclear reactor vessel and at least a portion of the nuclear instrumentation system situated within a radiation shielded containment, the nuclear instrumentation system comprising:a nuclear detector responsive to the number of fission reactions within the nuclear core to provide an electrical output indicative thereof;a detector cable connected at one end to the electrical output of the nuclear detector, with the detector cable extending between the electrical output of the nuclear detector and a termination location within the containment;a vacuum micro-electronic device low noise amplifier situated at the termination location within the containment and having a vacuum micro-electronic device input connected to the detector cable for receiving the electrical output of the nuclear detector and operable to amplify the electrical output of the nuclear detector to provide a nuclear detector amplified output signal;a field cable connected at an input location of the field cable to an output of the vacuum micro-electronic device low noise amplifier, with the field cable extending from the input location through a penetration in the containment to a field cable output at a processing location outside the containment; anda Nuclear Instrumentation System Signal Processing Assembly located outside the containment at the processing location and connected at the field cable output and operable to receive the nuclear detector amplified output signal and from the nuclear detector amplified output signal measure neutron radiation emitted within the core to determine a power level of the nuclear reactor system,wherein the field cable is physically connected to the vacuum micro-electronic device low noise amplifier at the input location. 2. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of the detector cable is an integrated mineral insulated cable. 3. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the nuclear detector is an intermediate range nuclear detector. 4. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the vacuum micro-electronic device replaces a junction box between the intermediate range preamplifier and the nuclear detector in a conventional ex-core nuclear instrumentation system. 5. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the nuclear detector is an ex-core detector. 6. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the vacuum micro-electronic device is located within the containment in relatively close proximity to the nuclear detector. 7. The nuclear reactor system of claim 5 wherein the nuclear reactor vessel is supported within a reactor cavity and the vacuum micro-electronic device is supported adjacent to either side of a wall of the reactor cavity. 8. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the field cable is quadax/copper cable. 9. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein a power cable powers both the nuclear detector and the vacuum micro-electronic device. 10. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of the field cable is a quadax/copper cable. 11. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein the vacuum micro-electronic device comprises a first stage that primes the electrical output of the nuclear detector to a drive amplifier, with a signal output of the drive amplifier coupled to a converter which is operable to convert the signal output of the drive input to a form compatible with transmission through an optical cable to which the drive amplifier signal is connected. 12. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein an output of the vacuum micro-electronic device is a mean square voltage output compatible with monitoring the nuclear flux at the upper end of an infrared nuclear detector range. 13. The nuclear reactor system of claim 1 wherein a desired amplification output of the vacuum micro-electronic device is obtained by a predetermined power supply input to the vacuum micro-electronic device.