Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A closure apparatus for an overflow opening disposed in a wall of a nuclear engineering plant, the nuclear engineering plant containing a containment including an interior and the wall dividing the interior into a plant space having a reactor pressure vessel and a primary cooling circuit and into an operating space being walkable during normal operation, the closure apparatus comprising:a closure element containing a bursting element, said closure element spring-loaded in a closed state; andan actuating apparatus acting, in a case of a temperature-dependent triggering, directly on said bursting element and resulting in a tearing of said bursting element, and automatically releases a flow cross section when a predetermined trigger temperature on a side of a surrounding area is reached, and said bursting element is configured such that said bursting element tears if said actuating apparatus has not yet been triggered, if a predetermined pressure difference between the plant space and the operating space is present. 2. The closure apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said actuating apparatus is a spring-driven actuating apparatus. 3. The closure apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a locking apparatus which blocks said actuating apparatus before the predetermined trigger temperature is reached or compensates for it in terms of its effect. 4. The closure apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bursting element is selected from the group consisting of a bursting film and a bursting screen. 5. The closure apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said closure element is configured and mounted on the wall such that a process of opening is driven or assisted by an inherent weight of said closure element. 6. A closure apparatus for an overflow opening disposed in a wall of a nuclear engineering plant, the nuclear engineering plant containing a containment including an interior and the wall dividing the interior into a plant space having a reactor pressure vessel and a primary cooling circuit and into an operating space being walkable during normal operation, the closure apparatus comprising:a closure element containing a bursting element, said closure element actively held in a closed state by an electromotor force; andan actuating apparatus acting, in a case of a temperature-dependent triggering, directly on said bursting element and resulting in a tearing of said bursting element, and automatically releases a flow cross section when a predetermined trigger temperature on a side of a surrounding area is reached, and said bursting element is configured such that said bursting element tears if said actuating apparatus has not yet been triggered, if a predetermined pressure difference between the plant space and the operating space is present. 7. The closure apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising one of a louver flap and a rotary pendulum flap with a spring return actuator for use in lower ones of the overflow openings of the nuclear engineering plant. 8. A closure apparatus for an overflow opening disposed in a wall of a nuclear engineering plant, the nuclear engineering plant containing a containment containing an interior and the wall dividing the interior into a plant space having a reactor pressure vessel and a primary cooling circuit and into an operating space being walkable during normal operation, the closure apparatus comprising:a locking element;a temperature-dependent trigger apparatus; anda closure element including:a frame element mounted for one of rotating and pivoting on the wall in front of the overflow opening; anda bursting element one of mounted on and clamped in said frame element, said frame element being fixed in a closed position over the overflow opening by said locking element and said locking element being coupled to said temperature-dependent trigger apparatus, such that said locking element is unlocked when a trigger temperature is reached. 9. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a remote-controlled apparatus selected from the group consisting of a mechanical remote-controlled apparatus and a pneumatic remote-controlled apparatus; andwherein said temperature-dependent trigger apparatus is disposed remote from said closure element and acts in a trigger event via said remote-controlled apparatus on one of said closure element and said locking element. 10. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, wherein one of said locking element and said temperature-dependent trigger apparatus contains one of a fusible solder and a fusible bead. 11. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said closure element is configured and mounted on the wall such that a process of opening is driven or assisted by an inherent weight of said closure element. 12. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said closure element is spring-loaded in a closed state. 13. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said closure element is actively held in a closed state by an electromotor force. 14. The closure apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising one of a louver flap and a rotary pendulum flap with a spring return actuator for use in a lower one of the overflow openings of the nuclear engineering plant. 15. The closure apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said bursting element is selected from the group consisting of a bursting film and a bursting screen. 16. The closure apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said temperature-dependent trigger apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a temperature-sensitive trigger apparatus and a concentration-sensitive trigger apparatus.