Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell comprising:a thermo electron emitter;a first magnet on a first side of the thermo electron emitter, and a second magnet on a second side of the thermo electron emitter;a first ion control element comprising at least one reflectron having at least one electrostatic element, the first ion control element located on a side of the first magnet opposite the thermo electron emitter; anda voltage controller operatively connected to the first ion control element, wherein the controller automatically adjusts voltages of the at least one electrostatic element to control the flight path of ions through the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell, the voltage controller configured to establish a first voltage gradient across the at least one reflectron that reflects the ion packet through the thermo electron emitter a second time after the ion packet passes through the thermo electron emitter a first time. 2. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 1, wherein a reflectron from among the at least one reflectron comprises at least one electrostatic lens. 3. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 1, wherein a reflectron from among the at least one reflectron comprises a plurality of electrostatic lenses. 4. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 1, wherein a reflectron from among the at least one reflectron comprises an ion trap. 5. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 1, wherein the voltage controller is operable to adjust a direct current (DC) voltage of any electrostatic element of a reflectron from among the at least one reflectron in the range of −100 to +100 volts within the timescale of microseconds. 6. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 1, further comprising a second ion control element, the second ion control element comprising at least one reflectron having at least one electrostatic element, the ion control element located on a side of the second magnet opposite the electron emitter. 7. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 6, wherein the voltage controller is operatively connected to the first ion control element and the second ion control element, and wherein the controller automatically adjusts voltages of the at least one electrostatic element of the first ion control element and the at least one electrostatic element of the second ion control element to control the flight path of ions through the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell, the voltage controller is configured to:establish a first voltage gradient across the at least one reflectron of the first ion control element that reflects the ion packet through the thermo electron emitter a second time after the ion packet passes through the thermo electron emitter a first time; andestablish a second voltage gradient across the at least one reflectron of the second ion control element that reflects the ion packet through the thermo electron emitter a third time. 8. The reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell of claim 7, wherein the voltage controller is configured to adjust the voltage gradient in the first ion control element, after the ion packet has passed through the thermo electron emitter at least the third time, to allow the ion packet to exit the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one electrostatic element is distinctly controlled to have a particular voltage by the voltage controller. 10. A method of operating a reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell, the method comprising steps of:providing an ion packet into a reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell, the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell comprising:a thermo electron emitter;a first magnet on a first side of the thermo electron emitter, and a second magnet on a second side of the thermo electron emitter;a first ion control element comprising at least one reflectron having at least one electrostatic element, the ion control element located on a side of the first magnet opposite the thermo electron emitter; anda voltage controller operatively connected to the first ion control element, wherein the voltage controller automatically adjusts voltages of the at least one electrostatic element to control the flight path of ions through the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell;passing the ion packet through the thermo electron emitter a first time; andestablishing a first voltage gradient across the reflectron using the voltage controller that reflects the ion packet through the thermo electron emitter a second time. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell further comprises a second ion control element, the second ion control element comprising at least one reflectron having at least one electrostatic element operatively connected to the voltage controller, the second ion control element located on a side of the second magnet opposite the electron emitter, the method further comprising a step of:establishing a second voltage gradient across the second ion control element using the controller that reflects the ion packet back through the electron emitter a third time. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising a step of:adjusting the voltage gradient in the first ion control element using the voltage controller, after the ion packet has passed through the thermo electron emitter at least the third time, to allow the ion packet to exit the reflectron-electromagnetostatic cell. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein each of the at least one electrostatic element is distinctly controlled to have a particular voltage by the voltage controller.