Patent Number: 
Section: claims

1. A method for treating a nitric aqueous liquid effluent containing nitrates of metals or metalloids, comprising a step for calcination of the effluent in order to convert the nitrates of metals or metalloids into oxides of said metals or metalloids, at least one compound selected from the nitrates of metals or metalloids and the other compounds of the effluent leading upon calcination to a tacky oxide, and a dilution adjuvant leading upon calcination to a non-tacky oxide being added to the effluent prior to the calcination step, wherein the dilution adjuvant comprises aluminium nitrate and at least one other nitrate selected from iron nitrate and rare earth nitrates. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dilution adjuvant comprises aluminium nitrate and at least one other nitrate selected from iron nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, cerium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and neodymium nitrate. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one compound leading upon calcination to tacky oxide(s) is selected from sodium nitrate, phosphomolybdic acid, boron nitrate, and mixtures thereof. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of compound(s) leading upon calcination to tacky oxide(s) expressed as oxides, based on the total mass of the salts contained in the effluent, expressed as oxides, is greater than 35% by mass. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the effluent has a sodium nitrate content, expressed as sodium oxide Na2O, based on the total mass of the salts contained in the effluent, expressed as oxides, greater than 30 % by mass, preferably greater than 50 % by mass. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calcination step is carried out in a heated rotating tube allowing the calcinate to attain a temperature of about 400° C. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the calcination step, a vitrification step is carried out which consists of elaborating a confinement glass from the melting of the calcination produced during the calcination step with a glass frit.