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yhao-wang
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rear-eval

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[ "Title: Nobel Prize in Physics Content: Nobel Prize in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics () is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The first Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to physicist Wilhelm Röntgen in recognition of the extraordinary services he", "Title: Nobel Prize Content: His son, George Paget Thomson, received the same prize in 1937 for showing that they also have the properties of waves. William Henry Bragg and his son, William Lawrence Bragg, shared the Physics Prize in 1915 for inventing the X-ray spectrometer. Niels Bohr was awarded the Physics prize in 1922, as was his son, Aage Bohr, in 1975. Manne Siegbahn, who received the Physics Prize in 1924, was the father of Kai Siegbahn, who received the Physics Prize in 1981. Hans von Euler-Chelpin, who received the Chemistry Prize in 1929, was the father of Ulf von Euler, who was awarded", "Title: Nobel Prize in Physics Content: receive a diploma, a medal and a document confirming the prize amount. Nobel Prize in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics () is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The first Nobel Prize in Physics was", "Title: Albert A. Michelson Content: Albert A. Michelson Albert Abraham Michelson FFRS HFRSE (December 19, 1852 – May 9, 1931) was an American physicist known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first American to win the Nobel Prize in a science. Michelson was born in Strzelno, Province of Posen in Germany (now Poland), the son of Samuel Michelson and his wife, Rozalia Przyłubska, both of Jewish descent. He moved to the US with his parents in 1855, at the age of two. He grew up", "Title: Wilhelm Röntgen Content: Wilhelm Röntgen Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (; ; 27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. In honour of his accomplishments, in 2004 the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) named element 111, roentgenium, a radioactive element with multiple unstable isotopes, after him. Born to a German father and a Dutch mother, Röntgen attended high school in Utrecht, Netherlands. In", "Title: Wilhelm Röntgen Content: Wilhelm Röntgen Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (; ; 27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. In honour of his accomplishments, in 2004 the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) named element 111, roentgenium, a radioactive element with multiple unstable isotopes, after him. Born to a German father and a Dutch mother, Röntgen attended high school in Utrecht, Netherlands. In", "Title: John Bardeen Content: John Bardeen John Bardeen (; May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer. He is the only person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor; and again in 1972 with Leon N Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a fundamental theory of conventional superconductivity known as the BCS theory. The transistor revolutionized the electronics industry and ushered the birth of the Information Age. The semiconductor device also made possible the development of almost every modern electronic device,", "Title: Nobel Prize in Physics Content: 26, 1897 that it was approved by the Storting (Norwegian Parliament). The executors of his will were Ragnar Sohlman and Rudolf Lilljequist, who formed the Nobel Foundation to take care of Nobel's fortune and organise the prizes. The members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee who were to award the Peace Prize were appointed shortly after the will was approved. The prize-awarding organisations followed: the Karolinska Institutet on June 7, the Swedish Academy on June 9, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on June 11. The Nobel Foundation then reached an agreement on guidelines for how the Nobel Prize should", "Title: Wilhelm Röntgen Content: 1887. Röntgen died on 10 February 1923 from carcinoma of the intestine. He inherited two Million Reichsmarks after his father's death. With the inflation following World War I, Röntgen fell into bankruptcy later in life, spending his final years at his country home at Weilheim, near Munich. In keeping with his will, all his personal and scientific correspondence was destroyed upon his death. In 1901, Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics. The award was officially \"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him\". Röntgen donated", "Title: Albert A. Michelson Content: vantage point as a graduate student regularly watching him play billiards. Michelson was a member of the Royal Society, the National Academy of Sciences, the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The Computer Measurement Group gives an annual A. A. Michelson Award. Albert A. Michelson Albert Abraham Michelson FFRS HFRSE (December 19, 1852 – May 9, 1931) was an American physicist known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first American to win the Nobel" ]	who got the first nobel prize in physics	[ "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" ]
[ "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: is dedicated to her memory. The film's score is the first to receive a parental advisory warning for explicit content, and the soundtrack also includes the original song \"Ashes\" by Céline Dion. \"Deadpool 2\" was released in the United States on May 18, 2018. It has grossed over $738 million worldwide, becoming the seventh highest-grossing film of 2018, as well as the third highest-grossing R-rated film and the third highest-grossing \"X-Men\" film. It received positive reviews from critics, who praised its humor, acting (particularly Reynolds, Brolin, and Beetz's performances), story, and action sequences, with some calling it better than the", "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: Deadpool 2 Deadpool 2 is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Deadpool, distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the eleventh installment in the \"X-Men\" film series, and a direct sequel to the 2016 film \"Deadpool\". The film is directed by David Leitch from a script by Rhett Reese, Paul Wernick, and Ryan Reynolds, with Reynolds starring in the title role alongside Josh Brolin, Morena Baccarin, Julian Dennison, Zazie Beetz, T.J. Miller, Brianna Hildebrand, and Jack Kesy. In the film, Deadpool forms the team X-Force to protect a young mutant from the time-traveling soldier Cable.", "Title: Deadpool (film) Content: of 21st Century Fox by Disney was announced in December 2017, Bob Iger said that Deadpool would be integrated with the Marvel Cinematic Universe under Disney. Deadpool (film) Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the eighth installment of the \"X-Men\" film series and the first standalone \"Deadpool\" film. Directed by Tim Miller from a screenplay by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick, the film stars Ryan Reynolds as Wade Wilson / Deadpool alongside Morena Baccarin, Ed Skrein, T. J. Miller, Gina Carano and", "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: integrate him into the PG-13 MCU. Deadpool 2 Deadpool 2 is a 2018 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Deadpool, distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the eleventh installment in the \"X-Men\" film series, and a direct sequel to the 2016 film \"Deadpool\". The film is directed by David Leitch from a script by Rhett Reese, Paul Wernick, and Ryan Reynolds, with Reynolds starring in the title role alongside Josh Brolin, Morena Baccarin, Julian Dennison, Zazie Beetz, T.J. Miller, Brianna Hildebrand, and Jack Kesy. In the film, Deadpool forms the team X-Force to protect a young", "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: first film, although a feeling of cynicism drew some criticism. An extended edition was released in August 2018, and a re-cut, PG-13 version of the film titled \"Once Upon a Deadpool\" was released theatrically in December 2018. A sequel, \"Deadpool 3\", is in development. After successfully working as the mercenary Deadpool for two years, Wade Wilson fails to kill one of his targets on his anniversary with Vanessa, his girlfriend. That night, after the pair decide to start a family together, the target tracks Wilson down and kills Vanessa. Wilson kills the man in revenge. He blames himself for her", "Title: Deadpool (film) Content: being blocked in China during this initial release, \"Deadpool\" eventually premiered in the country during the 2018 Beijing International Film Festival, which ran over a week from April 15–22. The original version of the film played at the festival without any edits being made specifically for Chinese censors. \"Deadpool\" was released for digital download on April 26, 2016, moved up from the physical home media release, which came on May 10. The latter release, for Blu-ray and DVD, included behind-the-scenes featurettes, deleted scenes, a blooper reel, and two audio commentaries: one by Tim Miller and Deadpool co-creator Rob Liefeld, and", "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: chimichangas, traditionally Deadpool's favorite food, as well as \"Deadpool\"-inspired Harder drinks. The campaign also included the chance to win a trip to the film's premiere through Harder, and the Los Angeles pop-up benefitted the nonprofit DTLA Film Festival. \"Deadpool 2\" premiered at Leicester Square in London on May 10, 2018. It was released in the United States on May 18, 2018, having been previously scheduled for release on June 1 of that year. Leitch's initial cut of the film was around two hours and twelve minutes, with \"nips and tucks\" done to it to get the run time down to", "Title: Deadpool (film) Content: Deadpool (film) Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the eighth installment of the \"X-Men\" film series and the first standalone \"Deadpool\" film. Directed by Tim Miller from a screenplay by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick, the film stars Ryan Reynolds as Wade Wilson / Deadpool alongside Morena Baccarin, Ed Skrein, T. J. Miller, Gina Carano and Brianna Hildebrand. In the film, Wilson—as the antihero Deadpool—hunts down the man who gave him mutant abilities and caused his scarred physical appearance. Development of a", "Title: Deadpool (film) Content: Screen Rant called it possibly \"the best film marketing campaign in the history of cinema\". HostGator's Jeremy Jensen attributed the campaign's success to Reynolds, and to Fox for embracing the film's R rating. \"Deadpool\"s world premiere was held at the Grand Rex in Paris on February 8, 2016, before its initial theatrical release in Hong Kong the next day. This was followed by releases in 49 other markets over the next few days, including the United States on February 12. The movie was released in several formats, including IMAX, DLP, premium large formats, and D-Box. Kinberg explained that unlike the", "Title: Deadpool 2 Content: at the convention moderated by Soni and featuring other cast members. Some of the scenes cut from the theatrical version of the film were debuted at the panel. At the end of September 2018, Fox announced that it would release an untitled \"Deadpool\" film in theaters on December 21. The studio suggested that press and fans \"guess away\" as to what this new film would be, but it was believed to be a re-cut version of \"Deadpool 2\" that would carry a PG-13 rating rather than being R-rated like the initial theatrical release. Reynolds hinted that the version of the" ]	when is the next deadpool movie being released	[ "May eighteen , 2018", "May 18 , 2018" ]
[ "Title: Shortwave bands Content: Shortwave bands Shortwave bands are frequency allocations for use within the shortwave radio spectrum (the upper MF band and all of the HF band). They are the primary medium for applications such as maritime communications, international broadcasting and worldwide amateur radio activity because they take advantage of ionospheric skip propagation to send data around the world. The bands are conventionally stated in wavelength, measured in metres. Propagation behavior on the shortwave bands depends on the time of day, the season and the level of solar activity. Most international broadcasters use amplitude modulation with 5 kHz steps between channels; a few", "Title: Radiotelephone Content: is that a ship calls a shore station, and the shore station's marine operator connects the caller to the public switched telephone network. This service is retained for safety reasons, but in practice has been made obsolete by satellite telephones (particularly INMARSAT) and VoIP telephone and email via satellite internet. Short wave radio is used because it bounces between the ionosphere and the ground, giving a modest 1,000 watt transmitter (the standard power) a worldwide range. Most shore stations monitor several frequencies. The frequencies with the longest range are usually near 20 MHz, but the ionospheric weather (propagation) can dramatically", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: simplest type and the most commonly used for shortwave broadcasting. The instantaneous amplitude of the carrier is controlled by the amplitude of the signal (speech, or music, for example). At the receiver, a simple detector recovers the desired modulation signal from the carrier. Single sideband transmission is a form of amplitude modulation but in effect filters the result of modulation. An amplitude-modulated signal has frequency components both above and below the carrier frequency. If one set of these components is eliminated as well as the residual carrier, only the remaining set is transmitted. This reduces power in the transmission, as", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: audio broadcasting format for shortwave DRM operates 10 kHz or 20 kHz channels. There are some ongoing discussions with respect to specific band allocation for DRM, as it mainly transmitted in 10 kHz format. The power used by shortwave transmitters ranges from less than one watt for some experimental and amateur radio transmissions to 500 kilowatts and higher for intercontinental broadcasters and over-the-horizon radar. Shortwave transmitting centers often use specialized antenna designs (like the ALLISS antenna technology) to concentrate radio energy at the target area. Shortwave does possess a number of advantages over newer technologies, including the following: Shortwave radio's", "Title: Shortwave bands Content: to 27.995 MHz portion, AM and FM mode, with two overlapping sets of 40 channels (27.60125 to 27.99125 MHz in 10 kHz steps, and 27.605 to 27.995 MHz in 10 kHz steps). These transmissions are usually rebroadcasts of church services and can sometimes be heard hundreds or even thousands of km (miles). Part of the 11 m/27 MHz band was also allocated in many countries for early-model cordless phones. In the US and Canada, as well as the Americas (ITU Region 2) as a whole, there are no pre-designated HF allocations for military use. Similar rules exist in Europe, where", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: Shortwave radio Shortwave radio is radio transmission using shortwave radio frequencies. There is no official definition of the band, but the range always includes all of the high frequency band (HF), and generally extends from ; from the high end of the medium frequency band (MF) just above the mediumwave AM broadcast band, to the end of the HF band. Radio waves in the shortwave band can be reflected or refracted from a layer of electrically charged atoms in the atmosphere called the ionosphere. Therefore, short waves directed at an angle into the sky can be reflected back to Earth", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: roughly of the energy sent by an AM signal is in the “carrier”, which is not needed to recover the information contained in the signal. It also reduces signal bandwidth, enabling less than one-half the AM signal bandwidth to be used. The drawback is the receiver is more complicated, since it must re-create the carrier to recover the signal. Small errors in the detection process greatly affect the pitch of the received signal. As a result, single sideband is not used for music or general broadcast. Single sideband is used for long-range voice communications by ships and aircraft, Citizen's Band,", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: in this band are relatively shorter than 200 m (1,500 kHz) which marked the original upper limit of the medium frequency band first used for radio communications. The broadcast medium wave band now extends above the 200 m/1,500 kHz limit, and the amateur radio 1.8 MHz – 2.0 MHz band (known as the \"top band\") is the lowest-frequency band considered to be 'shortwave'. Early long distance radio telegraphy used long waves, below 300 kilohertz (kHz). The drawbacks to this system included a very limited spectrum available for long distance communication, and the very expensive transmitters, receivers and gigantic antennas that", "Title: Shortwave bands Content: use single sideband or reduced carrier single sideband modulation. The World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC), organized under the auspices of the International Telecommunication Union, allocates bands for various services in periodic conferences. The most recent WRC took place in 2012. At WRC-97 in 1997, the following bands were allocated for international broadcasting: Amateur radio operators in many countries are allocated several shortwave bands for private, non-commercial use. Amateur radio is a communications service, educational tool and hobby. It is particularly useful in providing emergency communication where standard telecommunications infrastructure is compromised or nonexistent, such as a disaster area or remote region", "Title: Shortwave radio Content: and amateur radio operators. Lower sideband (LSB) is customarilly used below 9 MHz and USB (upper sideband) above 9 MHz. Vestigal sideband transmits the carrier and one complete sideband, but filters out the other sideband. It is a compromise between AM and SSB, enabing simple receivers to be used, but requires almost as much transmitter power as AM. One advantage is only half the bandwidth of an AM signal is used. It can be heard in the transmission of certain radio time signal stations. Vestigial sideband is used for over the air Television Broadcasts both analog and digital. Narrow-band frequency" ]	which mode is used for short wave broadcast service	[ "MFSK", "Olivia" ]
[ "Title: Geography of Nigeria Content: south atlantic ocean, locally known as the south western wind, or by its main name, The Tropical Maritime (MT) airmass. These two major wind systems in Nigeria are known as the trade winds. The tropical maritime airmass (MT) is responsible for Nigeria's rainy season. This wind (the tropical maritime airmass) invades the country from February in the southern part of Nigeria while it takes longer for the wind to fully cover the whole of the country, reaching the northern part of Nigeria in June. Its invasion is as a result of the northward retreat, of the tropical continental airmass (CT)", "Title: Oron people Content: Civil War. Oron is found in the flood plain of South Eastern Nigeria, with the land mainly intersected by numerous streams and tributaries flowing into Cross River. The entire coastline stretches from Uya Oron to Udung Uko. Oron is in the tropical region and has a uniformly high temperature all the year round. The two main seasons are the dry which spans between October and April and wet season which starts around May and ends in September. There are also two prevailing winds – the South-West onshore winds which brings heavy rains and the North- East trade winds blowing across", "Title: Onikwu Content: The dry season is accompanied by a dust laden airmass from the Sahara Desert, locally known as Harmattan, or by its main name, The Tropical Continental (CT) airmass, while the rainy season is heavily influenced by an airmass originating from the south Atlantic Ocean, locally known as the south west wind, or by its main name, The Tropical Maritime (MT) airmass. These two major wind systems in Nigeria are known as the trade winds. The region Onikwu/Ndoni is flood prone communities, this is because the inland part of Rivers state consists of tropical rainforest; towards the coast the typical Niger", "Title: Geography of Nigeria Content: northern end is south of the 15 degrees line at about 14 degrees. Nigeria's location in the wetter part of the easterly waves south of the 15 degree line creates wetter climatic conditions for Nigeria especially during the monsoons. The Tropical Continental Airmass (CT) locally known as the harmattan, is a wind originating from North Africa which crosses the Sahara Desert into west Africa to Nigeria. This airmass dominates Nigeria's climate during the dry season from December to March. The Tropical continental airmass is dusty and creates a haze within the atmosphere of west Africa and Nigeria when it predominates.", "Title: Geography of Nigeria Content: Nigeria, has a temperature range of to , and an annual rainfall of about with a single rainfall maxima in September. The single Dry season experienced in this climate, the tropical savanna climate in central Nigeria beginning from December to march, is hot and dry with the Harmattan wind, a continental tropical (CT) airmass laden with dust from the Sahara Desert prevailing throughout this period. With the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) swinging northward over West Africa from the Southern Hemisphere in April, heavy showers coming from pre-monsoonal convective clouds mainly in the form of squall lines also known as the", "Title: Geography of Nigeria Content: north easterlies formed mainly as a result of the interactions of the two dominant airmasses in Nigeria known as the Maritime tropical(south westerlies) and the Continental tropical(north easterlies), begins in central Nigeria while the Monsoons from the south atlantic ocean arrives in central Nigeria in July bringing with it high humidity, heavy cloud cover and heavy rainfall which can be daily occurrence lasting till September when the monsoons gradually begin retreating southward to the southern part of Nigeria.Rainfall totals in central Nigeria varies from in the lowlands of the river Niger Benue trough to over along the south western escarpment", "Title: Geography of Nigeria Content: are distinguishable, as one moves from the southern part of Nigeria to the northern part of Nigeria through Nigeria's middle belt. The tropical monsoon climate, designated by the Köppen climate classification as \"Am\", is found in the southern part of the country. This climate is influenced by the monsoons originating from the South Atlantic ocean, which is brought into the country by the (maritime tropical) MT airmass, a warm moist sea to land seasonal wind. Its warmth and high humidity gives it a strong tendency to ascend and produce copious rainfall, which is a result of the condensation of water", "Title: Ebenebe Content: are followed by five months of dry weather from November to March. The Harmattan, also known as Ugulu in the Igbo language, is a particularly dry and dusty wind which enters Nigeria in late December or in the early part of January. It is characterized by a grey haze that limits visibility and blocks the sun's rays. The temperature in Ebenebe is generally between 28 and 32 degrees Celsius from June through December. It rises to 32–34 degrees between January and April, with the last few months of the dry season marked by intense heat. Like every other agrarian community,", "Title: Inyi, Nigeria Content: and temperatures may even drop below the 18 °C, coming back to an average 32 °C during the day with occasional peaks above the 36 °C during the day. The hot harmattan winds evaporate body moisture quickly and give a sensation of coolness to the skin. It is these Sahara winds that carry large amounts of dust to the state, leaving a thick fog in the morning and a hazy sky for the rest of the day behind. However, the rain season falls between May and October with the heaviest rains in June and July during this season, the rain", "Title: Ebenebe Content: governor Samson Omeruah. Ebenebe is bordered by Amansea to the south, Odoli River and Mgbakwu to the west, Ugbenu to the north, and (Agbaja) Ezi-agu Local Government Area of Enugu State to the east. Ebenebe contains eight villages: Ebenebe is in the tropical zone of Nigeria and experiences two distinct seasons. Two wind patterns that have a major effect on the area are the southwestern monsoon winds from the Atlantic Ocean, and the northeastern dry winds from the Sahara desert. The monsoon winds from the Atlantic create seven months of heavy tropical rains, which occur between April and October. They" ]	the south west wind blows across nigeria between	[ "till September" ]
[ "Title: Health (gaming) Content: Health (gaming) Health or vitality is an attribute assigned to entities such as characters or objects within role-playing games and video games, that indicates their continued ability to function. Health is usually measured in hit points or health points, shortened to HP which lowers by set amounts when the entity is attacked or injured. When the HP of a player character or non-player character reaches zero, that character is incapacitated and barred from taking further action. In some games, such as those with cooperative multiplayer and party based role playing games, it may be possible for an ally to revive", "Title: HP Sauce Content: used as a condiment with hot and cold savoury food, and as an ingredient in soups and stews. It is also popular in Canada, the Republic of Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. The picture on the front of the bottle is a selection of famous London landmarks including Big Ben, the House of Commons and Westminster Bridge. The original recipe for HP Sauce was invented and developed by Frederick Gibson Garton, a grocer from Nottingham. He registered the name H.P. Sauce in 1895. Garton called the sauce HP because he had heard that a restaurant in the Houses of Parliament", "Title: HP Sauce Content: HP Sauce HP Sauce is a brown sauce originally produced by HP Foods in the United Kingdom, now produced by the H. J. Heinz Company in the Netherlands. It was named after London's Houses of Parliament. Since its first appearance on British dinner tables, HP Sauce has become an icon of British culture. It was the best-selling brand of brown sauce in the UK in 2005, with 73.8% of the retail market. HP Sauce has a tomato base, blended with malt vinegar and spirit vinegar, sugars (molasses, glucose-fructose syrup, sugar), dates, cornflour, rye flour, salt, spices and tamarind. It is", "Title: HP Inc. Content: retains Hewlett-Packard's pre-2015 stock price history and its former stock ticker symbol, , while Hewlett Packard Enterprise trades under its own symbol, . HP is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the S&P 500 Index. It is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales, having regained its position in 2017 since it was overtaken by Lenovo in 2013. HP ranked No. 58 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. HP develops personal computers (PCs), printers and related supplies, as well as 3D Printing solutions.", "Title: HP Sauce Content: had begun serving it. For many years the bottle labels have carried a picture of the Houses of Parliament. Garton sold the recipe and HP brand to Edwin Samson Moore for the sum of £150 and the settlement of some unpaid bills. Moore, the founder of the Midlands Vinegar Company (the forerunner of HP Foods), subsequently launched HP Sauce in 1903. In 2013, nearly 140 years after its establishment, the Midland Vinegar Company Limited returned to the originator's family, with Nigel Britton, great-great-grandson of the founders, now being the owner. For many years the description on the label was in", "Title: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Content: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company (commonly referred to as HPE) is an American multinational enterprise information technology company based in Palo Alto, California, founded on 1 November 2015 as part of splitting of the Hewlett-Packard company. HPE is a business-focused organization with two divisions: Enterprise Group, which works in servers, storage, networking, consulting and support, and Financial Services. The split was structured so that the former Hewlett-Packard Company would change its name to HP Inc. and spin off Hewlett Packard Enterprise as a newly created company. HP Inc. retained the old HP's personal computer and printing business, as", "Title: Hewlett-Packard Content: Hewlett-Packard The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP, and stylized as hp) or Hewlett-Packard ( ) was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. It developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components as well as software and related services to consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors. The company was founded in a one-car garage in Palo Alto by Bill Hewlett and David Packard, and initially produced a line of electronic test equipment. HP was the world's leading PC manufacturer from 2007", "Title: HP Sauce Content: York, Ontario. HP Sauce HP Sauce is a brown sauce originally produced by HP Foods in the United Kingdom, now produced by the H. J. Heinz Company in the Netherlands. It was named after London's Houses of Parliament. Since its first appearance on British dinner tables, HP Sauce has become an icon of British culture. It was the best-selling brand of brown sauce in the UK in 2005, with 73.8% of the retail market. HP Sauce has a tomato base, blended with malt vinegar and spirit vinegar, sugars (molasses, glucose-fructose syrup, sugar), dates, cornflour, rye flour, salt, spices and tamarind.", "Title: Maternal fetal stress transfer Content: Cortisol is type of hormone called a glucocorticoid, which glucose usage in the body and tends to be activated during a fight-or-flight response. Cortisol is produced in the adrenal gland, whose activity is mediated by the hypothalamus and pituitary glands of the brain. Together, the collective signaling of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland is known as the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. During a period of psychosocial stress, cortisol is released, leading to physiological manifestations of stress such as increased maternal blood pressure (MBP) and maternal heart rate (MHR). In the case of a pregnant woman, the release of cortisol", "Title: Fire Emblem (video game) Content: vary from defeating all enemies to capturing strongholds or rescuing NPCs. When engaging a unit, the scene transitions into a battle between the player and enemy unit, with battle animation playing out. When hit with an attack, a character loses health points (HP). For player characters, HP can be restored with items or by units with healing magic; it can also be regained by standing on forts, gates or castles, or using a special spell that replenishes health based on damage dealt to an enemy. Each unit is governed by a character class system, with their class affecting what weapons" ]	what does hp mean in war and order	[ "hit points or health points" ]
[ "Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Content: committee included René Cassin of France, Charles Malik of Lebanon, and P. C. Chang of the Republic of China. Humphrey provided the initial draft that became the working text of the Commission. According to Allan Carlson, the Declaration's pro-family phrases were the result of the Christian Democratic movement's influence on Cassin and Malik. Once the Committee finished its work in May 1948, the draft was further discussed by the Commission on Human Rights, the Economic and Social Council, the Third Committee of the General Assembly before being put to vote in December 1948. During these discussions many amendments and propositions", "Title: John Peters Humphrey Content: John Peters Humphrey John Peters Humphrey, OC (April 30, 1905 – March 14, 1995) was a Canadian legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate. He is most famous as the author of the first draft of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Humphrey was born to Frank Humphrey and Nellie Peter on April 30, 1905, in Hampton, New Brunswick. His childhood was touched by tragedy as he lost both his parents to cancer and he also lost one of his arms in an accident while playing with fire. Humphrey attended a boarding school where he endured teasing from other students;", "Title: Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Content: Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drafted from early 1947 to late 1948 by Drafting Committee the first United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Further discussion and amendments were made by the Commission on Human Rights, the Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations. Members of the Commission who contributed significantly to the creation of the Declaration included Canadian John Peters Humphrey of the United Nations Secretariat, Eleanor Roosevelt of the United States (who chaired the Drafting Committee), René Cassin of France, Charles Malik of Lebanon,", "Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Content: International Bill of Rights. The Commission established a special Universal Declaration of Human Rights Drafting Committee, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, to write the articles of the Declaration. The Committee met in two sessions over the course of two years. Canadian John Peters Humphrey, Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat, was called upon by the United Nations Secretary-General to work on the project and became the Declaration's principal drafter. At the time, Humphrey was newly appointed as Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat. Other well-known members of the drafting", "Title: John Peters Humphrey Content: of the bench, which sits beside two tall stone plinths, one of which has several articles from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights carved into it in English, French and Maliseet. The memorial sits on the front lawn of the County Court House in the center of the town. John Peters Humphrey John Peters Humphrey, OC (April 30, 1905 – March 14, 1995) was a Canadian legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate. He is most famous as the author of the first draft of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Humphrey was born to Frank Humphrey and Nellie Peter", "Title: History of human rights Content: 6th century BC under Cyrus the Great. After his conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, the king issued the Cyrus cylinder, discovered in 1879 and seen by some today as the first human rights document. The cylinder has been linked by some commentators to the decrees of Cyrus recorded in the Books of Chronicles, Nehemiah, and Ezra, which state that Cyrus allowed (at least some of) the Jews to return to their homeland from their Babylonian Captivity. In opposition to the above viewpoint, the interpretation of the Cylinder as a \"charter of human rights\" has been dismissed by other historians", "Title: Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Content: P. C. Chang of Republic of China (Taiwan), and Hansa Mehta of India among others. While not a member of the drafting committee, the French philosopher Jacques Maritain was influential in the lead up to the drafting of the Universal Declaration, advocacy for it within UNESCO in 1947-8, and in its subsequent advancement. The Drafting Committee included John Peters Humphrey was newly appointed as Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat. In this role, he produced the first draft of a list of rights that were to form the basis of the Declaration. The underlying", "Title: Human rights Content: to 232 BCE, established the largest empire in South Asia. Following the reportedly destructive Kalinga War, Ashoka adopted Buddhism and abandoned an expansionist policy in favor of humanitarian reforms. The Edicts of Ashoka were erected throughout his empire, containing the 'Law of Piety'. These laws prohibited slavery, religious discrimination, and cruelty against both humans and animals. Later documents pertaining to human rights can be referenced in the Constitution of Medina (622), Al-Risalah al-Huquq (late 7th to early 8th century), Magna Carta (1215), the German Peasants' War Twelve Articles (1525), the English Bill of Rights (1689), the French Declaration of the", "Title: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Content: the law. It is included in the beginning of the constitutions of both the Fourth French Republic (1946) and Fifth Republic (1958) and is still current. Inspired by the Enlightenment philosophers, the Declaration was a core statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a major impact on the development of freedom and democracy in Europe and worldwide. The Declaration, together with Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, the United States Declaration of Independence and the United States Bill of Rights, inspired in large part the 1948 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The content of", "Title: Declaration of the Rights of the Child Content: Child Welfare Charter, and was the first human rights document approved by an inter-governmental institution. It was reaffirmed by the League in 1934. Heads of State and Government pledged to incorporate its principles in domestic legislation. In France, it was ordered to be displayed in every school. The original document, in the archives of the city of Geneva, carries the signatures of various international delegates, including Jebb, Janusz Korczak, and Gustave Ador, a former President of the Swiss Confederation. After considering a number of options, including that of drafting an entirely new declaration, the United Nations resolved in 1946 to" ]	who wrote the first declaration of human rights	[ "Cyrus" ]
[ "Title: Reading F.C. Content: 2016–17 season. Cherwell Software took sponsorship of the back of the home shirt for the 2017–18 season while Euro Cake sponsored the back of the away shirt again for the third consecutive season. Reading Football Club ownership structure: 75% Owned by Renhe Sports Management Ltd, 100% owned by Xiu Li Dai and Yongge Dai. 25% Owned by Narin Niruttinanon Reading F.C. Directors: Xiu Li Dai, Yongge Dai, Narin Niruttinanon, Nigel Howe As of 1 July 2018, the following players are those in the senior squad who are under 18. <br> Reading hold the record for the number of successive league", "Title: Reading F.C. Content: Reading F.C. Reading Football Club ( ) is a professional association football club based in Reading, Berkshire, England. The team play in the Championship, the second tier of English football. Reading are nicknamed The Royals, due to Reading's location in the Royal County of Berkshire, though they were previously known as The Biscuitmen, due to the town's association with Huntley and Palmers. Established in 1871, the club is one of the oldest teams in England, but did not join The Football League until 1920, and had never played in the top tier of English football league system before the 2006–07", "Title: Anton Zingarevich Content: Anton Zingarevich Anton Zingarevich (Russian: Антон Зингаревич) is a Russian businessman best known for being the former owner of Reading Football Club, who play in the English Championship. Zingarevich's bid to take over the club was announced in January 2012, and he formally purchased the club on 29 May 2012. Since then, Zingarevich has had minimum interest in the running of the club, however did make the decision to sack manager Brian McDermott, and the subsequent employment of Nigel Adkins. Zingarevich is the son of Boris Zingarevich, a Russian multi-billionaire. At the age of 16, Zingarevich began education at Bearwood", "Title: Anton Zingarevich Content: The couple married in late 2009 and had a child. Anton Zingarevich Anton Zingarevich (Russian: Антон Зингаревич) is a Russian businessman best known for being the former owner of Reading Football Club, who play in the English Championship. Zingarevich's bid to take over the club was announced in January 2012, and he formally purchased the club on 29 May 2012. Since then, Zingarevich has had minimum interest in the running of the club, however did make the decision to sack manager Brian McDermott, and the subsequent employment of Nigel Adkins. Zingarevich is the son of Boris Zingarevich, a Russian multi-billionaire.", "Title: Reading F.C. Content: they won promotion to the FA Women's Super League 1 in 2015 after winning the league. In the 2017–18 season, they finished fourth in the Women's Super League - their highest league position to date. The team currently plays at Adams Park, home of Wycombe Wanderers. Reading F.C. Reading Football Club ( ) is a professional association football club based in Reading, Berkshire, England. The team play in the Championship, the second tier of English football. Reading are nicknamed The Royals, due to Reading's location in the Royal County of Berkshire, though they were previously known as The Biscuitmen, due", "Title: Ownership of Arsenal F.C. Content: 1980s to David Dein, who sold some of them on to Danny Fiszman (a London diamond dealer). In the early 2000s the club sold a 9.9% stake to Granada Holdings Ltd, a subsidiary of ITV plc, and a significant stake was also bought by hedge fund Lansdowne Partners. As of 26 September 2018, Stan Kroenke, owner of Kroenke Sports Enterprises (KSE), is the sole owner of the club. Kroenke's holdings in the club began with an initial 9.9% bought from ITV plc in April 2007; initially treated with hostility, he is now regarded as an ally of the Arsenal board", "Title: Dai Yongge Content: Dai Yongge Dai Yongge (; born 1968) is a Chinese businessman and investor. He is currently the Executive Chairman of Renhe Commercial Holdings Company Limited, a listed investment holding company who specialise in the operation of shopping centres transformed from air-raid shelters. They have centres in 30 cities across China, including Harbin, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Shenyang. Dai also owns football clubs Beijing Renhe, KSV Roeselare and Reading. In 2012, Dai's company completed the takeover of Shaanxi Baorong Chanba. One year later, they relocated the club to Guizhou and re-branded them Guizhou Renhe. After two years in Guizhou, the club moved", "Title: 2017–18 Reading F.C. season Content: draw. In the following days, it was announced that the match would take place on 8 August. For the second year in a row, Reading accepted the invitation to enter their Category One academy into the EFL Trophy. On 4 July 2017, manager Jaap Stam signed a new two-year contract with Reading, keeping him at the club until 2019. The club's assistant manager, Andries Ulderink, and first team coach, Said Bakkati, also signed new deals to extend their stay. Chief Executive Nigel Howe was elected to the EFL Board on the same day. The following day, defender Chris Gunter committed", "Title: Reading Royals Content: shutouts. In 2014, Jack Gulati purchased all shares of the ownership of the Royals from SMG and BCCCA. In June 2014, the Philadelphia Flyers announced a two-year affiliation agreement with the Royals, giving the Flyers an entirely Pennsylvania based minor league system for the first time since 1997–98. The Flyers and Royals agreed to a multi-year affiliation extension in 2016. During his eighth full season as head coach, Courville announced he would be stepping down at the end of the 2016–17 season. However, one day after qualifying for the 2017 playoffs, he was fired by the Royals and replaced by", "Title: Don Garber Content: range from Atlanta United FC owner Arthur Blank, the founder of Home Depot; NYCFC ownership groups City Football Group (which also owns Manchester City of the Premier League) and the New York Yankees; Brazilian businessman Flavio Augusto da Silver, who owns Orlando City SC; entrepreneurs Merritt Paulson (Portland Timbers), Andrew Hauptmann (Chicago Fire) and Anthony Precourt (Columbus Crew); and Seattle Sounders owners Adrian Hanauer, Joe Roth, Paul Allen, and Drew Carey. Among the owners of Los Angeles FC, which began play in 2018, are majority owners Larry Berg, Brandon Beck and Bennett Rosenthal, Magic Johnson, movie studio CEO Peter Gruber," ]	who is the owner of reading football club	[ "Yongge Dai", "Xiu Li Dai", "Dai Yongge", "Dai Xiuli" ]
[ "Title: Scandal (season 7) Content: Scandal (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American television drama series \"Scandal\" was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season would be the final season for \"Scandal\". The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and consisted of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda", "Title: Scandal (TV series) Content: in a blind emergency trust and uses that money to reinstate B613 herself. Olivia becomes Command at the end of the season and considers herself the most powerful person in the world. On February 10, 2017, ABC renewed \"Scandal\" for a seventh season; on May 10, 2017, it was announced that this season would be the show's last. On January 3, 2018, a crossover with \"How to Get Away with Murder\" was announced, which aired on March 1, 2018, with Viola Davis and Aja Naomi King guest starring. In early 2011, it was announced that Shonda Rhimes was developing a", "Title: Scandal (season 7) Content: nights at 9:00 pm until episode 15, where it aired in its original timeslot, Thursday 10:00 pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"Scandal\" was renewed for a seventh season on February 10, 2017, along with the other ShondaLand dramas. The series continued to air on Thursdays in its 9 p.m. E.T. timeslot like the previous seasons, but unlike the previous season which aired in January, the seventh season premiered in the fall of 2017. ABC announced on June 26, 2017, that the seventh season would consist of 18 episodes. Long-time director Tom Verica shared on Twitter that he would only direct the series finale", "Title: Watch Me (Scandal) Content: by Jann Turner and written by \"Scandal\" creator and showrunner Shonda Rhimes. ABC renewed the series for a seventh and final season on February 10, 2017. The season began airing on October 5, 2017, with this episode, and will consist of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons and made his first appearance as a regular actor in this episode, portraying former B613 assassin Charlie. The table read for the episode started on", "Title: Scandal (TV series) Content: America, ZFB-TV in Bermuda, Miami's WPLG in the Bahamas (via cable from the United States mainland), and on TVB Pearl in Hong Kong. The first two-season originally aired on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. In 2014 the show was picked up by rival broadcaster Sky Living who will continue from season three onwards. In New Zealand it first aired on TV One but now airs on TV2. It airs in South Africa on multiple television channels; first run episodes are aired on DStv premium channel M-net which airs the latest episode a day after its US airing followed by", "Title: Scandal (TV series) Content: October 3. BET airs new episodes after an eight-day delay. Seasons 1–5 of the series have been released on DVD by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment under the ABC Studios label. Additionally, Netflix currently streams all available seasons in the U.S, Canada and Mexico. The show is available via traditional by-episode and season purchase by most online video retailers, including iTunes. Season 1 Season 2 Season 3 Season 4 Season 5 Seasons 6 and 7 The show has been met with generally favorable reviews, with a collective score of 64/100 based on 28 critics from Metacritic. Based on advanced screeners", "Title: Scandal (TV series) Content: the sixth season was reduced from 22 to 16 episodes. During ABC's annual upfront presentation in May, it was announced that \"Scandal\" will premiere during midseason, following a fall run of the new series \"Notorious\". Production began on July 13, 2016, with director and executive producer Tom Verica announcing that the crew was scouting for filming locations. The table read for the premiere was on July 26, 2016, with filming starting soon after. On February 10, 2017, ABC announced that the series had been renewed for a seventh season. On May 10, 2017, ABC announced that the seventh season would", "Title: Scandal (season 6) Content: Scandal (season 6) The sixth season of the American television drama series \"Scandal\" was ordered on March 3, 2016 by ABC. It began airing on January 26, 2017 in the United States on ABC. The season includes the 100th episode of the series, being the tenth episode of this season. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season continues the story of Olivia Pope's crisis management firm, Olivia Pope & Associates, and its employees, as well as staff at the White House in Washington, D.C. Season six had", "Title: Scandal (season 6) Content: character was killed off in the eleventh episode. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports an 80% approval rating with an average rating of 7.5/10 based on 10 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"As shocking and thrilling as ever, \"Scandal\" eases into its sixth season with as much confidence as Olivia Pope herself.\" Scandal (season 6) The sixth season of the American television drama series \"Scandal\" was ordered on March 3, 2016 by ABC. It began airing on January 26, 2017 in the United States on ABC. The season includes the 100th episode of the series, being the tenth episode", "Title: Scandal (TV series) Content: was announced on October 30, 2014, where it was announced that \"Scandal\" would air nine episodes in the fall with the fall finale to air on November 20, 2014, just like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"TGIT\" \"Grey's Anatomy\" and \"How To Get Away with Murder\". The remaining 13 episodes aired after the winter break, beginning on January 29, 2015, and ending with the season finale on May 14, 2015. \"Scandal\" was renewed for a fifth season on May 7, 2015, by ABC. The series will continue to air at Thursdays in the timeslot 9:00 p.m. E.T. like the" ]	when is the next scandal episode coming out	[ "February 1 , 2018", "February one , 2018" ]
[ "Title: Super Bowl LII Content: Super Bowl LII Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after", "Title: 2017 Philadelphia Eagles season Content: the Patriots' last hopes. The Philadelphia Eagles defeated the Patriots by a score of 41–33. Nick Foles also was named Super Bowl MVP after the game. With this win, the Eagles finally won their first Super Bowl, and their first NFL title since 1960. A Super Bowl victory parade took place four days later on February 8. 2017 Philadelphia Eagles season The 2017 Philadelphia Eagles season was the franchise's 85th season in the National Football League, the 15th playing their home games at Lincoln Financial Field, and the second under head coach Doug Pederson. The Eagles improved their 7–9 record", "Title: Super Bowl XXXIX Content: Super Bowl XXXIX Super Bowl XXXIX was an American football game played between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2004 season. The Patriots defeated the Eagles by the score of 24–21. The game was played on February 6, 2005, at Alltel Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida, the first time the Super Bowl was played in that city. The Patriots, who entered the Super Bowl after compiling a 14–2 regular season record, became the first, and most recent (as of", "Title: History of the Philadelphia Eagles Content: first time since the 2004 season. The Eagles would face Tom Brady and the New England Patriots in a rematch of Super Bowl XXXIX at Super Bowl LII. The Eagles would end up winning the game 41-33 to give the Eagles their first Super Bowl Championship and their first championship since the 1960 season before the NFL-AFL merger. Nick Foles would be named Super Bowl MVP. The Eagles came back from a successful 2017 season hoping to become the first repeat Super Bowl victors since the New England Patriots during their 2003 and 2004 season. Before the season started many", "Title: 2017 Philadelphia Eagles season Content: in the Divisional Round, as well as in the Conference Championship. In total, six Eagles players were selected for the Pro Bowl, including four first-time recipients. However, none of them participated due to preparations for Super Bowl LII. The Eagles defeated the New England Patriots by a score of 41–33 in Super Bowl LII for their first Super Bowl victory in franchise history. It was also their fourth NFL Championship, and their first league title since 1960. This was the second time the Eagles and Patriots battled in a Super Bowl; when they met in Super Bowl XXXIX, the Patriots", "Title: 2017 NFL season Content: 2017 NFL season The 2017 NFL season was the 98th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 7, 2017, with the Kansas City Chiefs defeating the defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots 42–27 in the NFL Kickoff Game. The season concluded with Super Bowl LII, where the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles faced the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots. The Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots 41–33 to win their first title in franchise history. It was also a rematch of Super Bowl XXXIX,", "Title: 2017 Philadelphia Eagles season Content: won 24–21. Backup quarterback Nick Foles was named Super Bowl MVP and became the first backup to receive this award since his opponent, Tom Brady, did in Super Bowl XXXVI. The Eagles defeated both Super Bowl teams from the previous NFL season (the New England Patriots and the Atlanta Falcons) in the playoffs. They also defeated both teams who had beaten them in their only two previous Super Bowl appearances. They defeated the Oakland Raiders in the regular season, who beat them in Super Bowl XV and the Patriots in the Super Bowl, who previously beat them in Super Bowl", "Title: Super Bowl Sunday (This Is Us) Content: the end of the second season and asked for the slot upon knowing NBC would air the Super Bowl. The fire sequence was filmed in December 2017 in Newhall Ranch, California. The episode was edited moments before airing to integrate footage of the Super Bowl LII, including the pregame show and the actual game featuring the Philadelphia Eagles against the New England Patriots. \"Super Bowl Sunday\" was originally broadcast on Sunday, February 4, 2018, in the United States on NBC. The episode was watched in the United States by a total of 26.97 million people. It is the most-watched entertainment", "Title: New England Patriots Content: Bowl LI, which ended up paving the way for their fifth Super Bowl victory, tying them with the Dallas Cowboys and the San Francisco 49ers for the second-most in NFL history, 1 behind the Pittsburgh Steelers with 6; the game was also the first Super Bowl to go into overtime. The Patriots became the first team to reach ten Super Bowls in the 2017–18 playoffs but lost to the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl LII, on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Patriots original helmet logo was a simple tricorne hat, used only for the", "Title: Curse of Billy Penn Content: placed a new William Penn figurine atop the building's highest beam in hopes to ward off the curse. On February 4, 2018, the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots in Super Bowl LII 41-33 to win their first Super Bowl in team history, and first championship since the 1960 NFL Championship. Curse of Billy Penn The Curse of Billy Penn was a curse used to explain the failure of major professional sports teams based in Philadelphia to win championships since the March 1987 construction of the One Liberty Place skyscraper, which exceeded the height of William Penn's statue atop" ]	when is the last time the philadelphia won the superbowl	[ "2017", "Super Bowl LII ," ]
[ "Title: Violet Alva Content: Violet Alva Violet Hari Alva (24 April 1908 – 20 November 1969) was an Indian lawyer, journalist and politician, and Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, and member of the Indian National Congress (INC). She was the first woman lawyer to appear before a High Court in India and the first to preside over the Rajya Sabha. Alva was born Violet Hari on 24 April 1908 in Ahmedabad. She was the eighth of nine children. Violet's father, Reverend Laxman Hari, was one of the first Indian pastors of the Church of England. Having lost both her parents when she was", "Title: Rukmini Devi Arundale Content: Rukmini Devi Arundale Rukmini Devi Neelakanda Sastri (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. She also is the first ever woman in Indian history to be nominated as the Rajya Sabha member. She is considered the most important revivalist in the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style, prevalent amongst the temple dancers, Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts. Though she belonged to the Indian upper-caste", "Title: Rukmini Devi Arundale Content: for International Women's Day. Rukmini Devi Arundale Rukmini Devi Neelakanda Sastri (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. She also is the first ever woman in Indian history to be nominated as the Rajya Sabha member. She is considered the most important revivalist in the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style, prevalent amongst the temple dancers, Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts. Though she belonged", "Title: Violet Alva Content: and Violet Alva, the first Parliamentarian couple in history, was unveiled in Parliament. In 2008, the year of Violet's birth centenary, a stamp commemorating the couple was issued by the government of India. Violet Alva Violet Hari Alva (24 April 1908 – 20 November 1969) was an Indian lawyer, journalist and politician, and Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, and member of the Indian National Congress (INC). She was the first woman lawyer to appear before a High Court in India and the first to preside over the Rajya Sabha. Alva was born Violet Hari on 24 April 1908 in", "Title: Shyam Kumari Khan Content: Shyam Kumari Khan Shyam Kumari Khan (née Nehru, 20 October 1904 – 9 June 1980) was an Indian lawyer, freedom fighter, politician and social worker. She was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 1963 to 1968. Khan studied at Allahabad University and was the first woman to become secretary, vice-president and president of the Allahabad University Union in the years 1924-28. A lawyer by profession, she defended Yashpal, a writer, freedom fighter and political prisoner, during his trial in 1932 when he was imprisoned for his attempts to overthrow the British Empire. In 1932, she joined the Khilafat Movement", "Title: Violet Alva Content: naval sector. She cautioned the government to be careful when dealing with foreign capital and supported linguistic states. After the second Indian General Election in 1957, she became Deputy Minister of State for Home Affairs. In 1962, Alva became the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, thereby becoming the first female to preside over the Rajya Sabha in its history. She served two consecutive terms in Rajya Sabha. Her first term commenced on 19 April 1962 and continued till 2 April 1966. Her second term began with her election to the office of Deputy Chairman on 7 April 1966 and", "Title: V. S. Ramadevi Content: V. S. Ramadevi V. S. Ramadevi (15 January 1934 – 17 April 2013) M.A, L.L.M, was the Chief Election Commissioner of India from 26 November 1990 to 11 December 1990. She was the first woman to become Chief Election Commissioner of India. She was succeeded by T. N. Seshan. Ramadevi was the first (and to date, only) woman to serve as Secretary General of the Rajya Sabha, from 1 July 1993 to 25 September 1997. Ramadevi was born in Chebrolu of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India on 15 January 1934 (which happens to be the date of the Sankranti", "Title: Rukmini Devi Arundale Content: started in India, when Dr George Arundale invited Dr Maria Montessori to start courses in the 'Besant Theosophical High School' in 1939, and later also established, the 'Besant Arundale Senior Secondary School', The College of Fine Arts, The Besant Theosophical High School, The Maria Montessori School for Children, The Craft Education and Research Centre and the U V Swaminatha Iyer Library, within the Kalakshetra campus. Rukmini Devi was nominated as a member of the Indian Parliament's Council of States (the Rajya Sabha) in April 1952 and re-nominated in 1956. She was the first Indian woman to be nominated in Rajya", "Title: Mayawati Content: Party and Mayawati tendered her resignation to the governor of Uttar Pradesh the next day, thereby becoming the first CM to complete full five years in office. On 13 March 2012 she filed nomination papers for the Rajya Sabha, and she was declared elected unopposed on 22 March. Mayawati started her political career after Kanshi Ram, the founder of Bahujan Samaj Party, persuaded her to join the civil service and politics. Mayawati chose to remain unmarried. Kanshi Ram praised Mayawati at her 47th birthday celebrations for her fundraising activities on behalf of the party. He stated that the party's eventual", "Title: Shyam Kumari Khan Content: Children's Fair in Delhi which was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on 17 October 1969. She was also a founding member of the Indian Humanist Union, of which she became an elected chairman after the death of Narsingh Narain in 1972. She was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 11 December 1963 to 2 April 1968. Born on 20 October 1904, she was the eldest child of Shamlal Nehru and Uma Nehru. Her father Shamlal was the first cousin of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. She married Abdul Jamil Khan on 7 December 1937 under" ]	who was the first lady nominated member of the rajya sabha	[ "Mary Kom" ]
[ "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: tablet devices, from Acer, BlackBerry 10, Dell, HTC, Lenovo, Logitech, LG, Motorola, Samsung, Sharp, SoftBank, Sony (and Sony Ericsson), and Toshiba. As of 2012, Adobe has stopped browser-based Flash Player development for mobile browsers in favor of HTML5, however Adobe continues to support Flash content on mobile devices with the Adobe Integrated Runtime, which allows developers to publish content that runs as native applications on certain supported mobile phone platforms. Version 9 was the most recent version available for the Linux/ARM-based Nokia 770/N800/N810 Internet tablets running Maemo OS2008, classic Mac OS and Windows 95/NT. Version 10 can be run under", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: for Windows XP and later, Mac OS X 10.6 and later and Linux. Adobe Flash Player is available in four flavors: On February 22, 2012, Adobe announced that it would no longer release new versions of NPAPI Flash plugins for Linux, although Flash Player 11.2 would continue to receive security updates. In August 2016 Adobe announced that, beginning with version 24, it will resume offering of Flash Player for Linux for other browsers. The Extended Support Release (ESR) of Flash Player on macOS and Windows was a version of Flash Player kept up to date with security updates, but none", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: of the new features or bug fixes available in later versions. It has been on version 11.7 as of July 9, 2013, version 13 as of May 13, 2014, and version 18 as of August 11, 2015. Adobe has decided to discontinue the ESR branch and instead focus solely on the standard release as of August 2016. In 2011, Flash Player had emerged as the de facto standard for online video publishing on the desktop, with adaptive bitrate video streaming, DRM, and fullscreen support. On mobile devices however, after Apple refused to allow the Flash Player within the inbuilt iOS", "Title: Adobe Flash Content: in early 2016. Adobe Flash has been deprecated. The latest version of Adobe Flash Player is available for three major desktop platforms, including Windows, macOS and Linux. On Linux the PPAPI plug-in is available; the NPAPI version wasn't updated to new major versions for a while until Adobe changed its mind on stopping support and its former plan to discontinue \"in 2017\". Adobe Flash Player is available in four flavors: The \"ActiveX\" version is an ActiveX control for use in Internet Explorer and any other Windows applications that supports ActiveX technology. The \"Plug-in\" versions are available for browsers supporting either", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: Adobe Flash Player Adobe Flash Player (labeled Shockwave Flash in Internet Explorer and Firefox) is computer software for using content created on the Adobe Flash platform, including viewing multimedia contents, executing rich Internet applications, and streaming audio and video. Flash Player can run from a web browser as a browser plug-in or on supported mobile devices. Flash Player was created by Macromedia and has been developed and distributed by Adobe Systems since Adobe acquired Macromedia in 2005. Flash Player is distributed as freeware or, in China, as adware. Flash Player runs SWF files that can be created by Adobe Flash", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: web browser, Adobe changed strategy, enabling Flash content to be delivered as native mobile applications using the Adobe Integrated Runtime. Up until 2012, Flash Player 11 was available for the Android (ARM Cortex-A8 and above), although in June 2012, Google announced that Android 4.1 (codenamed Jelly Bean) would not support Flash by default. Starting in August 2012, Adobe no longer updates Flash for Android. In spite of this, Adobe Flash is still available to install on Android devices via Adobe's update archives (up to Android 4.3). Flash Player is certified to be supported on a select range of mobile and", "Title: Adobe Flash Content: NPAPI or PPAPI plug-ins on Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux. The \"projector\" version is a standalone player that can open SWF files directly. The following table documents Flash Player and Adobe AIR support on desktop operating systems: The latest version of Adobe AIR, version 18, contains Adobe Flash Player 18, and is available for Windows XP and later, as well as macOS. Official support for desktop Linux distributions ceased in June 2011 with version 2.6. Adobe Flash Player was available for a variety of mobile operating systems, including Android (between versions 2.2 and 4.0.4), Pocket PC/Windows CE, QNX (e.g. on", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: Professional, Adobe Flash Builder or by third party tools such as FlashDevelop. Flash Player supports vector graphics, 3D graphics, embedded audio, video and raster graphics, and a scripting language called ActionScript. ActionScript is based on ECMAScript (similar to JavaScript) and supports object-oriented code. Flash Player is distributed free of charge and its plug-in versions are available for every major web browser and operating system. Google Chrome, Internet Explorer 11 in Windows 8 and later, and Microsoft Edge come bundled with a sandboxed Adobe Flash plug-in. Flash Player once had a large user base, and was a common format for web", "Title: Adobe Flash Player Content: Player in China, forcing users to use that specific version, which may pose a risk to its users due to China's Internet censorship. This affects Google Chrome and Firefox users, as well as Internet Explorer users using Windows 7, as Microsoft still directly distributes Flash Player for Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge through Windows Update in Windows 8 and upward. Adobe Flash Player Adobe Flash Player (labeled Shockwave Flash in Internet Explorer and Firefox) is computer software for using content created on the Adobe Flash platform, including viewing multimedia contents, executing rich Internet applications, and streaming audio and video. Flash", "Title: Adobe AIR Content: released to beta on October 30, 2013, code named Jones. Adobe applied a new numbering scheme for the Flash products versions to synchronize them with the version numbering of the Flash Player, starting from Flash Player 13. Adobe released Adobe AIR 13.0 on April 8, 2014. It was numbered 13 to synchronize itself with the version numbering of Flash Player. Adobe released Adobe AIR 14.0 on June 10, 2014. Adobe released Adobe AIR 15.0 on September 9, 2014. It includes improvements to Stage3D technology, AIR Gamepad enhancements, and a new packaging engine for iOS apps that reduces compile times from" ]	what is the most current adobe flash player version	[ "28.zero. 0.137", "28.0. 0.137", "28.0. zero.137", "28.zero. zero.137" ]
[ "Title: History of ballet Content: disinformation and fantasy. The East was often perceived as a faraway place where anything was possible, provided it was lavish, exotic and decadent. Petipa appealed to popular taste with \"The Pharaoh's Daughter\" (1862), and later \"The Talisman\" (1889), and \"La Bayadère\" (1877). Petipa is best remembered for his collaborations with Tchaikovsky. He used his music for his choreography of \"The Nutcracker\" (1892, though this is open to some debate among historians), \"The Sleeping Beauty\" (1890), and the definitive revival of \"Swan Lake\" (1895, with Lev Ivanov). These works were all drawn from European folklore. The female dancers' classical tutu as", "Title: Swan Lake Content: Reisinger of the requirements for each dance. However, unlike the instructions for the scores of \"The Sleeping Beauty\" and \"The Nutcracker\", no written instruction is known to have survived. From around the time of the turn of the 19th century until the beginning of the 1890s, scores for ballets were almost always written by composers known as \"specialists,\" who were highly skilled at scoring the light, decorative, melodious, and rhythmically clear music that was at that time in vogue for ballet. Tchaikovsky studied the music of \"specialists\" such as the Italian Cesare Pugni and the Austrian Ludwig Minkus, before setting", "Title: Russian classical music Content: Russia's first Conservatories in St Petersburg and in Moscow: the former trained the great Russian composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–93), best known for ballets like \"Swan Lake\", \"Sleeping Beauty\", and \"The Nutcracker\". He remains Russia's best-known composer outside Russia. Easily the most famous successor in his style is Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943), who studied at the Moscow Conservatory (where Tchaikovsky himself taught). Alexander Glazunov also took this romantic style. The late 19th and early 20th century saw the third wave of Russian classics: Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), Alexander Scriabin (1872–1915), Sergei Prokofiev (1891–1953) and Dmitri Shostakovich (1906–1975). They were experimental in style", "Title: Simon Virsaladze Content: 1973), Nutcracker (1966), Spartacus (1968), Swan Lake (1969), Ivan the Terrible (1975), Angara (1976), Romeo and Juliet (1979), The Golden Age (1982), and Raymonda (1984). He also designed Sergeyev's \"Raymonda\" (Kirov, 1948), \"Swan Lake\" (Kirov, 1950), and \"The Sleeping Beauty\" (Kirov, 1952) and Vainonen's \"The Nutcracker\" (Kirov, 1954). American reviewers, writing of touring Soviet productions, praised Mr. Virsaladze's designs for their grand scale, tastefulness, sensitivity to period and style and for often furthering the action of the ballet. Simon Virsaladze Simon (Soliko) Virsaladze () (Tbilisi, 24 January 1909 – Tbilisi, 9 February 1989) was a Georgian and one of the", "Title: The Royal Ballet Content: the repertory of the Imperial Russian Ballet. To stage these ballets with her newly formed company, de Valois employed Nicholas Sergeyev, a former régisseur of the Imperial. He staged productions of Petipa's \"The Sleeping Beauty\"; Petipa and Ivanov's \"Swan Lake\" and \"The Nutcracker\"; Petipa and Cecchetti's production of \"Coppélia\"; and Petipa's \"Giselle\". Created with the aid of choreographic notation written in St Petersburg at the turn of the 20th century, these works have been included in the repertoire of the Royal Ballet ever since. The company now uses Peter Wright's 1984 production of \"The Nutcracker\", which uses some of Sergeyev's", "Title: Antal Doráti Content: of Tchaikovsky's ballets - \"Swan Lake\", \"The Sleeping Beauty\" and \"The Nutcracker\" - complete. The albums were recorded in mono in 1954 and 1955, for Mercury Records, with the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra (later renamed the Minnesota Orchestra), as part of their famous \"Living Presence\" series. All three ballets were at first issued separately, but were later re-issued in a 6-LP set. Dorati never re-recorded \"Swan Lake\", but he did make a stereo recording of \"The Sleeping Beauty\" (again complete) with the Concertgebouw Orchestra of Amsterdam for Philips Classics Records, and two complete recordings in stereo of \"The Nutcracker\", one with", "Title: American Midwest Ballet Content: \"Swan Lake\" (2016), Oskar Antunez' \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\" (2011, 2018), Mikail Folkine's \"The Dying Swan\" (2012, 2014), the \"Pas de trois des Odalisques\" and \"Medora\" variation from Joseph Mazilier's \"Le Corsaire\" (2014, 2017), \"Paquita\" (2015), \"Blue Bird and Princess Florine\" pas de deux from \"The Sleeping Beauty\" (2017), \"Giselle\" (2015), and George Balanchine's \"Valse-Fantaisie\". American Midwest Ballet American Midwest Ballet, formerly Ballet Nebraska, is a professional ballet company located in Omaha, Nebraska. The company's season typically consists of three mainstage productions including an annual mixed-repertory production entitled \"Momentum\", \"The Nutcracker\", and a full-length story ballet. The company also tours", "Title: Music of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Content: are also far more striking than their counterparts in \"Swan Lake\", as several of them are character pieces from fairy tales such as Puss in Boots and Little Red Riding Hood, which elicited a far more individualized type of invention from the composer. Likewise, the musical ideas in these sections are more striking, pointed and precise. This characterful musical invention, combined with a structural fluency, a keen feeling for atmosphere and a well-structured plot, makes \"The Sleeping Beauty\" perhaps Tchaikovsky's most consistently successful ballet. \"The Nutcracker\", on the other hand, is one of Tchaikovsky's best known works. While it has", "Title: Nevada Ballet Theatre Content: Nevada Ballet Theatre Nevada Ballet Theatre (NBT) is a regional ballet company located in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. It is the Resident Ballet Company of The Smith Center for the Performing Arts and is one of the largest performing arts organizations in the state. Its professional company of dancers possesses a versatile repertoire ranging from well-known story ballets such as \"The Nutcracker\", \"The Sleeping Beauty\", and \"Swan Lake\" to works by George Balanchine, Twyla Tharp, Val Caniparoli, James Canfield, Thaddeus Davis and many more. The organization also operates an Academy out of its main facility in Summerlin, as well", "Title: Peter Martins Content: his salary was $619,000, and in 2008 he received $699,000 in pay and benefits. Martins regularly choreographed new works for both companies. His first piece was \"Calcium Light Night\", set to music by Charles Ives, which premiered in 1977. His more recent pieces include \"Octet\", \"Friandises\", Stabat Mater and the full-length ballets \"The Sleeping Beauty\", \"Swan Lake\", and \"Romeo \"+\" Juliet\". He also choreographed the Barbie movies \"Barbie in the Nutcracker\" and \"Barbie of Swan Lake\". In 2000, Martins, along with talent scout Irene Diamond, founded the New York Choreographic Institute. In December 2017, an investigation was announced by New" ]	swan lake the sleeping beauty and the nutcracker are three famous ballets by	[ "Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky" ]
[ "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: manga. He said the reception to \"Kai\" was positive and Bandai had a hit with a card game, so it all worked out. The series initially concluded with the finale of the Cell arc, as opposed to including the Majin Buu arc. It was originally planned to run 98 episodes, however, due to the Tōhoku offshore earthquake and tsunami, the final episode of \"Dragon Ball Kai\" was not aired and the series ended on its 97th episode in Japan on March 27, 2011. The 98th episode was later released direct-to-video in Japan on August 2, 2011. In November 2012, Mayumi", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: It premiered in Japan on Fuji Television on April 26, 1989, taking over its predecessor's time slot, and ran for 291 episodes until its conclusion on January 31, 1996. Because Toriyama was writing the manga during the production of the anime, \"Dragon Ball Z\" added original material not adapted from the manga, including lengthening scenes or adding new ones, and adding new attacks and characters not present in the manga. For example, Toriyama was asked to create an additional character for Goku's training with King Kai, resulting in the cricket Gregory. Throughout the production, the voice actors were tasked with", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: previously used a similar Vancouver-based voice cast in their short-lived 1995 dub of \"Dragon Ball\"). Saban musicians Ron Wasserman and Jeremy Sweet, known for their work on the \"Power Rangers\" franchise, composed a new background score and theme song (nicknamed \"Rock the Dragon\"). Funimation's initial English dub of \"Dragon Ball Z\" had mandated cuts to content and length, which reduced the first 67 episodes into 53. It premiered in the United States on September 13, 1996 in first-run syndication, but halted production in 1998 after two seasons. This was due to Saban scaling down its syndication operations, in order to", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: with both the American and Japanese background music. In January 2011, Funimation and Toei announced that they would stream \"Dragon Ball Z\" within 30 minutes before their simulcast of \"One Piece\". As of 2017, \"Dragon Ball Z\" is no longer being streamed on Hulu. The Funimation dubbed episodes also aired in Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Australia and New Zealand. However, beginning with episode 108 (123 uncut), AB Groupe and Westwood Media (in association with Ocean Studios) produced an alternate English dub. The alternate dub was created for broadcast in the UK, the Netherlands and Ireland, although", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: ending the first anime and creating a new one would result in more promotional money, and the result was the start of \"Dragon Ball Z\". The title was suggested by Toriyama because Z is the last letter of the alphabet and he wanted to finish the series because he was running out of ideas for it (though ironically enough, the sequel series would end up lasting much longer in episode count than the first series). \"Dragon Ball Z\" is adapted from the final 325 chapters of the manga series which were published in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" from 1988 to 1995.", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: which made giving finer nuanced details in her performance difficult. Series Director Daisuke Nishio left the series after personally directing Episode #202. Nishio left the series to become series director of \"Aoki Densetsu Shoot!\". The role of series director was not officially filled for Episodes #200-291, despite Nishio's directing of Episode #202. In 1996, Funimation Productions licensed \"Dragon Ball Z\" for an English-language release in North America. They contracted Saban Entertainment to help distribute the series to television, and Pioneer Entertainment to handle home video distribution. The Vancouver-based Ocean Studios were hired by Funimation to dub the anime (Funimation had", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: 2016, Funimation announced the continuation of \"Kai\" to begin airing on Adult Swim's Toonami block; airing from January 7, 2017 to June 23, 2018. \"Dragon Ball Z\"s original North American release was the subject of heavy editing which resulted in a large amount of removed content and alterations that greatly changed the original work. Funimation CEO Gen Fukunaga is often criticized for his role in the editing; but it was the distributor Saban which required such changes or they would not air the work, as was the case with the episode dealing with orphans. These changes included altering every aspect", "Title: Dragon Ball Z Content: The opening theme, \"Dragon Soul\", and the first ending theme used for the first 54 episodes, \"Yeah! Break! Care! Break!\", are both performed by Takayoshi Tanimoto. The second ending theme, used from episodes 55–98, is performed by Team Dragon, a unit of the idol girl group AKB48. On March 9, 2011, Toei announced that due to Yamamoto's score infringing on the rights of an unknown third party or parties, the music for remaining episodes and reruns of previous episodes would be replaced. Later reports from Toei stated that with the exception of the series' opening and closing songs, as well", "Title: Dragon Ball Content: original manga and aired on February 24, 1993. In February 2009, \"Dragon Ball Z\" celebrated its 20th anniversary, with Toei Animation announcing that it would broadcast a re-edited and remastered version under the name . The footage would be re-edited to follow the manga more closely, eliminating scenes and episodes which were not featured in the original manga, resulting in a more faithful adaptation, as well as in a faster-moving, and more focused story. The episodes were remastered for HDTV, with rerecording of the vocal tracks by most of the original cast, and featuring updated opening and ending sequences. On", "Title: Dragon Ball Content: which summon a wish-granting dragon when gathered. Along his journey, Goku makes several friends and battles a wide variety of villains, many of whom also seek the Dragon Balls. Toriyama's manga was adapted and divided into two anime series produced by Toei Animation: \"Dragon Ball\" and \"Dragon Ball Z\", which together were broadcast in Japan from 1986 to 1996. Additionally, the studio has developed 19 animated feature films and three television specials, as well as two anime sequel series titled \"Dragon Ball GT\" (1996–1997) and \"Dragon Ball Super\" (2015–2018). From 2009 to 2015, a revised version of \"Dragon Ball Z\"" ]	how many episodes are there in dragon ball z	[ "291 episodes", "291" ]
[ "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Content: in season 13's episode \"\". In response to these departures, two new main actors were hired, and several changes were made to the recurring cast. In June 2011, it was announced that Kelli Giddish and Danny Pino would join the cast as new series regulars. Weeks later, it was announced that Stephanie March and Diane Neal would be reprising their roles as ADA Alexandra Cabot and ADA Casey Novak, respectively. The launch of season 13 was marked with a retooling of the show that Warren Leight referred to as \"SVU 2.0\". Changes that accompanied this included Tamara Tunie's being bumped", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Content: The show starred Christopher Meloni as Detective Elliot Stabler and Mariska Hargitay as Detective Olivia Benson for its first twelve seasons until the former left the cast, unable to come to an agreement on his contract. As of November 29, 2018, \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\" has aired 444 original episodes. On May 9, 2018, NBC renewed the series for a twentieth season, which allowed it to tie the flagship \"Law & Order\" and \"Gunsmoke\" for the longest-running scripted drama in U.S. television history. The season premiered on September 27, 2018. The idea for \"Law & Order: Special Victims", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Content: Shapovalova. Casting for the lead characters of \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\" occurred in the spring of 1999. Dick Wolf, along with officials from NBC and Studios USA were at the final auditions for the two leads at Rockefeller Center. The last round had been narrowed down to seven finalists. For the female lead, Detective Olivia Benson, actresses Samantha Mathis, Reiko Aylesworth, and Mariska Hargitay were being considered. For the male role, Detective Elliot Stabler, the finalists were Tim Matheson, John Slattery, Nick Chinlund, and Christopher Meloni. Hargitay and Meloni had auditioned in the final round together and, after", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Content: in 2005, Marcia Gay Harden and Leslie Caron in 2007, Cynthia Nixon in 2008, Ellen Burstyn, Brenda Blethyn, and Carol Burnett in 2009, and Ann-Margret in 2010. The series won the award for Plummer in 2005, Caron in 2007, Nixon in 2008, Burstyn in 2009, and Margret in 2010. \"Law and Order SVU\" airs on NBC in the United States. All seasons, including the season that is currently on the air, are available to stream on Hulu (with a subscription). The latest 5 episodes can be watched for free on NBC.com and the NBC app. Outside of SVOD and NBC", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Content: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (often abbreviated to Law & Order: SVU or just SVU) is an American police procedural, legal, crime drama television series set in New York City, where it is also primarily produced. In the style of the original \"Law & Order\", episodes are often \"ripped from the headlines\" or loosely based on real crimes that have received media attention. Created by Dick Wolf, the series premiered on NBC on September 20, 1999, as the second series in Wolf's successful \"Law & Order\" franchise. \"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 20) Content: a recurring role this season, as Dr. Lisa Abernathy, a clinical psychologist that consults on cases for the district attorney's office. Holt previously guest starred in the seventeenth season. On September 27, 2018, \"Entertainment Weekly\" reported that Sebastian Roché would guest star as Arlo Beck, the charismatic leader of a female empowerment group, in the episode \"Accredo\", which aired October 18, 2018. Roché previously made two guest appearances on the flagship series, \"Law & Order\". Sasha Alexander guest starred as Anna Mill, a woman who murdered her husband and two children in the November 1st episode \"Caretaker.\" <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Law", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14) Content: came back in \"Rhodium Nights\" to portray , returned for the season premiere episodes, along with guest stars Peter Jacobson (Bart Ganzel), Pippa Black (Carrissa Gibson), Ron Rifkin (Defense Attorney Marvin Exley), Brooke Smith (Delia Wilson), and Laura Benanti as . On January 4, 2013, Warren Leight tweeted the Cassidy character (Dean Winters) may appear again in the spring. Paget Brewster guest starred as Paula Foster, the Bureau Chief ADA of the Public Integrity Unit in the District Attorney's office. Her character is assigned to the case against Captain Cragen (Dann Florek), who is suspected of murder after what occurred", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19) Content: Waterston's fourth guest appearance on \"SVU\". In the episode \"Pathological\", Tamara Tunie (M.E. Melinda Warner), Carolyn McCormick (Dr. Elizabeth Olivet), and Jenna Stern (Judge Elana Barth) returned as their respective characters. The episode aired on January 10, 2018. McCormick also guest starred in the season finale. On December 14, 2017, Martin Donovan and Yasmine Al Massri were confirmed to guest star in an episode titled \"Flight Risk\" based on the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations. The episode was about sexual assault in the airline industry and aired on January 17, 2018. On January 31, 2018, Rhea Seehorn guest starred in", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 13) Content: season premiere episode as an Italian dignitary accused of rape, evoking the Dominique Strauss-Kahn arrest. played the Italian dignitary's \"stand-by-your-man\" wife, Ron Rifkin played his savvy defense lawyer, similar to Strauss-Kahn's real-life lawyer, Benjamin Brafman, and Broadway and Dreamgirls star Anika Noni Rose played the victim. NBA stars Carmelo Anthony (New York Knicks) and Chris Bosh (Miami Heat) played themselves in cameo guest appearances in the episode \"Personal Fouls\". Mehcad Brooks played Prince Miller, a fictional basketball superstar who was once one of the coach's prodigies. Rapper/actor Heavy D played Miller's cousin and business manager, Supreme. Anthony and Bosh appeared", "Title: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 20) Content: (Kelli Giddish). Rollins mentions him cheating on her with a prostitute in the previous season. Days later it was reported that Dylan Walsh would play John Conway, an abusive father who rapes his own son, in the season premiere. Walsh previously guest starred in the eighth season of the series. Mark Tallman portrays Gavin Riley, the new chief of detectives, in a recurring role. Carl Weathers reprised his role as his \"Chicago Justice\" character, State's Attorney Mark Jefferies, in the episode \"Zero Tolerance\". On August 16, 2018, \"The Hollywood Reporter\" announced that \"Homeland\" actress Sandrine Holt would be cast in" ]	cast of law & order special victim unit	[ "Kelli Giddish", "Dann Florek", "Adam Beach", "Michaela McManus", "Mariska Hargitay", "Christopher Meloni", "Tamara Tunie", "B.D. Wong", "Raúl Esparza", "Stephanie March", "Richard Belzer", "Diane Neal", "Peter Scanavino", "Michelle Hurd", "Danny Pino", "Ice - T" ]
[ "Title: New Earswick Content: architect Barry Parker were commissioned to produce an overall plan for a new 'garden' village and the detailed designs for its first houses. They also designed the garden cities of Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City. The building of New Earswick created a balanced village community where rents were kept low, but still represented a modest commercial return on the capital invested. Houses were open to any working people, not just Rowntree employees. The village was to be a demonstration of good practice. The Trust Deed of the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust, which was set up in 1904 to build and", "Title: New Earswick Content: founded by the York philanthropist, Joseph Rowntree, who was quoted as saying, \"I do not want to establish communities bearing the stamp of charity but rather of rightly ordered and self governing communities\". The first 28 houses were built between 1902 and 1904 by the architect Raymond Unwin, after which the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust (now the Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust) was established to continue building and manage the new village. The Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust is part of the Joseph Rowntree Foundation. The village had contemporaries such as Bournville, Saltaire, Port Sunlight and others. This was in sharp contrast", "Title: New Earswick Content: New Earswick New Earswick is a model village and civil parish in the unitary authority of City of York in North Yorkshire, England, near the River Foss, north of York and south of Haxby. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,812, reducing to 2,737 at the 2011 Census. Before 1996 it had been part of the Ryedale district. The village of New Earswick was built as a genuine mixed community. There was housing for both workers and managers, in a green setting with gardens for each home with its own 2 fruit trees. It was", "Title: Raymond Unwin Content: and when he married his star designer Clarice Cliff in 1940, she moved into the house and lived there until 1972. It is her association that has made the house particularly famous since. In 1902 Parker and Unwin were asked to design a model village at New Earswick near York for Joseph and Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree, and the following year they were given the opportunity to take part in the creation of Letchworth (loosely based on the Utopian plan of Ebenezer Howard), when the First Garden City Company asked them to submit a plan. In 1903 they were involved with", "Title: OLIN Content: OLIN OLIN, which is legally known as OLIN Partnership Limited, is an international landscape architecture, comprehensive planning and urban design firm founded in Philadelphia in 1976 by Laurie Olin and Robert Hanna. OLIN’s staff is composed of landscape architects, architects, project managers, and urban planners. The firm is led by twelve partners: Laurie Olin, Lucinda Sanders, Dennis McGlade, Susan Weiler, Robert Bedell, Hallie Boyce, Richard Newton, Skip Graffam, Chris Hanley, Steve Benz, Tiffany Beamer and Richard Roark. OLIN is most recognized for designs such as Bryant Park in New York City, the Washington Monument Grounds in Washington, DC, the J.", "Title: Edward Durell Stone Content: Edward Durell Stone Edward Durell Stone (March 9, 1902 – August 6, 1978) was a twentieth century American architect. An early proponent of modern architecture in the United States, he designed buildings throughout the world. Stone’s notable works include Radio City Music Hall and the Museum of Modern Art, both in New York City, the United States Embassy in New Delhi, India, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. Stone was born and raised in Fayetteville, Arkansas. His family, early settlers of the area, were prosperous merchants. He entered the University of Arkansas in", "Title: Thomas Geoffry Lucas Content: Thomas Geoffry Lucas Thomas Geoffry Lucas (6 June 1872 – 3 October 1947), generally known as Geoffry Lucas, but often found incorrectly spelt as Geoffrey Lucas, was a 20th-century English architect. He is perhaps best known for his work in connection with the garden city movement, but was also active in other areas, including the design of churches and church fittings. Lucas was born in 1872 and articled to Walter John Nash Millard of Hitchin, Hertfordshire from 1889. After academic and professional training between 1889 and 1891 he held a number of posts as an assistant in various offices before", "Title: Edward Durell Stone Content: was published by Norton in 2013. Bibliography Two views on 2 Columbus Circle Edward Durell Stone Edward Durell Stone (March 9, 1902 – August 6, 1978) was a twentieth century American architect. An early proponent of modern architecture in the United States, he designed buildings throughout the world. Stone’s notable works include Radio City Music Hall and the Museum of Modern Art, both in New York City, the United States Embassy in New Delhi, India, and the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. Stone was born and raised in Fayetteville, Arkansas. His family, early settlers", "Title: New Earswick Content: manage New Earswick, safeguarded generous open green space. All the grass verges were planted with trees after which almost all the roads are named. The village was built with bricks that were made in the brickworks on the outskirts of New Earswick. From 1950 the brickyard, which closed down in the 1930s, was developed into a nature reserve. Due to their religious beliefs, The Rowntree family decreed there would not be a public house in the village. There never has been, although the Sports Club obtained a drink's licence in the 1980s. New Earswick is part of the Huntington &", "Title: New Earswick Content: New Earswick Ward of the City of York Council. As of 2010 it is represented by Keith Hyman, Keith Orrel and Carol Runciman who are all members of the local Liberal Democrat Party. A Parish Council was created in 1934 consisting of ten elected councillors and a clerk. There is a local community centre, the Folk Hall, which hosts activities such as keep-fit, yoga, snooker, and a junior youth club. New Earswick has recreational facilities, including a swimming pool (due for closure without public consultation), tennis courts and football, rugby and cricket pitches at the New Earswick Sports and Social" ]	who designed the garden city of new earswick	[ "architect Barry Parker", "Raymond Unwin", "planner Raymond Unwin" ]
[ "Title: Eye development Content: Eye development Eye formation in the human embryo begins at approximately three weeks into embryonic development and continues through the tenth week. Cells from both the mesodermal and the ectodermal tissues contribute to the formation of the eye. Specifically, the eye is derived from the neuroepithelium, surface ectoderm, and the extracellular mesenchyme which consists of both the neural crest and mesoderm. Neuroepithelium forms the retina, ciliary body, iris, and optic nerves. Surface ectoderm forms the lens, corneal epithelium and eyelid. The extracellular mesenchyme forms the sclera, the corneal endothelium and stroma, blood vessels, muscles, and vitreous. The eye begins to", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: skulls for blood vessels and nerves to go through. All this adds to the growing amount of evidence that supports Darwin's theory. The first fossils of eyes found to date are from the lower Cambrian period (about ). The lower Cambrian had a burst of apparently rapid evolution, called the \"Cambrian explosion\". One of the many hypotheses for \"causes\" of the Cambrian explosion is the \"Light Switch\" theory of Andrew Parker: It holds that the evolution of eyes started an arms race that accelerated evolution. Before the Cambrian explosion, animals may have sensed light, but did not use it for", "Title: Eye development Content: There is some evidence that LMX1B plays a role in periocular mesenchymal survival. Eye development Eye formation in the human embryo begins at approximately three weeks into embryonic development and continues through the tenth week. Cells from both the mesodermal and the ectodermal tissues contribute to the formation of the eye. Specifically, the eye is derived from the neuroepithelium, surface ectoderm, and the extracellular mesenchyme which consists of both the neural crest and mesoderm. Neuroepithelium forms the retina, ciliary body, iris, and optic nerves. Surface ectoderm forms the lens, corneal epithelium and eyelid. The extracellular mesenchyme forms the sclera, the", "Title: Eye development Content: develop as a pair of optic vesicles on each side of the forebrain at the end of the 4th week of pregnancy. Optic vesicles are outgrowings of the brain which make contact with the surface ectoderm and this contact induces changes necessary for further development of the eye. Through a groove at the bottom of the optic vesicle known as choroid fissure the blood vessels enter the eye. Several layers such as the neural tube, neural crest, surface ectoderm, and mesoderm contribute to the development of the eye. Eye development is initiated by the master control gene Pax-6, a homeobox", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: Evolution of the eye Many researchers have found the evolution of the eye attractive to study, because the eye distinctively exemplifies an analogous organ found in many animal forms. Simple light detection is found in bacteria, single-celled organisms, plants and animals. Complex, image-forming eyes have evolved independently several times. Complex eyes appeared first within the few million years of the Cambrian explosion. From before the Cambrian, no evidence of eyes has survived, but diverse eyes are known from the Burgess shale of the Middle Cambrian, and from the slightly older Emu Bay Shale. Eyes are adapted to the various requirements", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: originally have served a different purpose, before they were co-opted for eye development. Eyes and other sensory organs probably evolved before the brain: There is no need for an information-processing organ (brain) before there is information to process. The earliest predecessors of the eye were photoreceptor proteins that sense light, found even in unicellular organisms, called \"eyespots\". Eyespots can only sense ambient brightness: they can distinguish light from dark, sufficient for photoperiodism and daily synchronization of circadian rhythms. They are insufficient for vision, as they cannot distinguish shapes or determine the direction light is coming from. Eyespots are found in", "Title: Eye development Content: body and iris. During the invagination of the optic cup, the ectoderm begins to thicken and form the lens placode, which eventually separates from the ectoderm to form the lens vesicle at the open end of the optic cup. Further differentiation and mechanical rearrangement of cells in and around the optic cup gives rise to the fully developed eye. This development is an example of sequential inductions where the organ is formed from three different tissues: First, there is an outpocketing of the neural tube called optic vesicles. Development of the optic vesicles starts in the 3-week embryo, from a", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: any other mechanism\" to \"a moderately high stage of perfection\", and gave examples of existing intermediate steps. Current research is investigating the genetic mechanisms underlying eye development and evolution. Biologist D.E. Nilsson has independently theorized about four general stages in the evolution of a vertebrate eye from a patch of photoreceptors. Nilsson and S. Pelger estimated in a classic paper that only a few hundred thousand generations are needed to evolve a complex eye in vertebrates. Another researcher, G.C. Young, has used the fossil record to infer evolutionary conclusions, based on the structure of eye orbits and openings in fossilized", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: fast locomotion or navigation by vision. The rate of eye evolution is difficult to estimate, because the fossil record, particularly of the lower Cambrian, is poor. How fast a circular patch of photoreceptor cells evolve into a fully functional vertebrate eye has been estimated based on rates of mutation, relative advantage to the organism, and natural selection. However, the time needed for each state was consistently overestimated and the generation time was set to one year, which is common in small animals. Even with these pessimistic values, the vertebrate eye would still evolve from a patch of photoreceptor cells in", "Title: Evolution of the eye Content: focal length of an early lobopod with lens-containing simple eyes focused the image \"behind\" the retina, so while no part of the image could be brought into focus, the intensity of light allowed the organism to see in deeper (and therefore darker) waters. A subsequent increase of the lens's refractive index probably resulted in an in-focus image being formed. The development of the lens in camera-type eyes probably followed a different trajectory. The transparent cells over a pinhole eye's aperture split into two layers, with liquid in between. The liquid originally served as a circulatory fluid for oxygen, nutrients, wastes," ]	what is the first step in the evolution of the eye	[ "photoreceptor proteins that sense light", "eyespots" ]
[ "Title: The Curse of Oak Island Content: Inc. approved $1,271,546 in film funding for the production of the 4th season. In October 2017, a fifth season was announced, which began airing on November 7, 2017. Season 6 began airing November 13, 2018. The Curse of Oak Island The Curse of Oak Island is an active reality television series that first premiered in Canada on the History network on January 5, 2014. The show features what is known as the Oak Island mystery, showing efforts to search for historical artifacts and treasure. \"The Curse of Oak Island\" follows brothers Marty and Rick Lagina, originally from Kingsford, Michigan, through", "Title: The Curse of Oak Island Content: The Curse of Oak Island The Curse of Oak Island is an active reality television series that first premiered in Canada on the History network on January 5, 2014. The show features what is known as the Oak Island mystery, showing efforts to search for historical artifacts and treasure. \"The Curse of Oak Island\" follows brothers Marty and Rick Lagina, originally from Kingsford, Michigan, through their efforts to find the speculated treasure or historical artifacts believed to be on Oak Island. The series discusses the history of the island, recent discoveries, theories, and prior attempts to investigate the site. Areas", "Title: Oak Island Content: Island\", a documentary series about a group of modern treasure hunters led and funded by two brothers, Rick and Marty Lagina, who purchased the majority of Oak Island in 2006. Oak Island Oak Island is a privately owned island in Lunenburg County on the south shore of Nova Scotia, Canada. The tree-covered island is one of about 360 small islands in Mahone Bay and rises to a maximum of above sea level. The island is located from shore and connected to the mainland by a causeway and gate. The island is best known for various theories about possible buried treasure", "Title: The Curse of Oak Island Content: of interest include the \"Money Pit\", Borehole 10-x, Smith's Cove, \"Nolan's Cross\", the \"Hatch\", the \"Watchtower\" and the \"Swamp\". The Lagina brothers became fascinated with the island after reading the January 1965 issue of \"Reader's Digest\" magazine that features an article on the Restall family's work to investigate the so-called \"Money Pit\". Marty and his brother Rick obtained a controlling interest in Oak Island Tours, which reportedly owns most of the island. The brothers were later approached by Prometheus Entertainment to do a reality show. Rick and Marty have engaged the assistance of father-and-son Dan and Dave Blankenship, permanent residents", "Title: Randall Sullivan Content: the documentary \"Reckless Indifference\", and he was an executive producer on the Oprah Winfrey Network mini-series, \"Miracle Detectives\". Sullivan is also an actor on the History Channel reality-TV show, \"The Curse of Oak Island\", where he plays himself. He is currently executive producing the upcoming film, \"City of Lies\" starring Johnny Depp and Forest Whitaker. Sullivan lives in Portland, Oregon. For most of his life Sullivan identified as an atheist, but in 1995 he underwent a spiritual conversion to Catholicism while he was in Medjugorje reporting on the Bosnian War. This experience was influential to his research and writing of", "Title: Oak Island Content: known as the Money Pit, a formation of boulders called Nolan's Cross, the beach at Smith's Cove, and a triangle-shaped swamp. The Money Pit area has been repeatedly excavated; critics argue that there is no treasure and that the Money Pit is a natural phenomenon. More than fifty books have been published recounting the island's history and exploring competing theories. Several works of fiction have been based upon the Money Pit, including \"The Money Pit Mystery\", \"Riptide\", \"The Hand of Robin Squires\", and \"Betrayed: The Legend of Oak Island\". In January 2014, the History Channel aired \"The Curse of Oak", "Title: Kevin Burns Content: Valkyrie Legacy\", his second co-production with Bryan Singer; and \"\" in 2009. Since 2010, Burns and his company Prometheus Entertainment have produced The History Channel TV series \"Ancient Aliens\", \"America's Book of Secrets\", and \"The Curse of Oak Island\" along with the reality TV series \"Kendra on Top\" for WEtv, and other non-fiction series and specials. Along with his business partner Jon Jashni, Burns played an integral part in the development and creation of the \"Lost in Space\" reboot for Netflix and will serve as executive producer on the show, slated for release in 2018. Primetime Emmy Awards Daytime Emmy", "Title: Oak Island Content: Oak Island Oak Island is a privately owned island in Lunenburg County on the south shore of Nova Scotia, Canada. The tree-covered island is one of about 360 small islands in Mahone Bay and rises to a maximum of above sea level. The island is located from shore and connected to the mainland by a causeway and gate. The island is best known for various theories about possible buried treasure or historical artifacts, and the associated exploration. The first major indigenous people to Nova Scotia were the Mi'kmaq, who formed an Indian nation in present day Canada several thousand years", "Title: Mahone Bay Content: area and created \"Rockbound\" as a fictionalized, exaggerated account of life on the islands. Mahone Bay contains Oak Island, well known in connection with tales of buried treasure. The 2006 independent movie 'A Stone's Throw' was filmed primarily in and around Mahone Bay. Mahone Bay Mahone Bay is a bay on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada along the eastern end of Lunenburg County. The bay has many islands, and is a popular sailing area. Since 2003 the Mahone Islands Conservation Association has been working to protect the natural environment of the bay. The bay and its islands contain", "Title: The Curse of Oak Island Content: of the island who have likewise been searching for treasure since the 1960s. The series explores various Oak Island theories and conjectures through conversations with independent researchers. Persons featured have included Zena Halpern discussing her theory about North African gold and sharing copies of a French map of the island which she claims is dated 1347; J. Hutton Pulitzer discussing his theory of ancient mariner visitations; Petter Amundsen discussing his theory about codes hidden in Shakespearean literature and a secret project involving Sir Francis Bacon and the Rosicrucians; Daniel Ronnstam discussing his theory about the 90 foot stone being a" ]	where is the tv show the curse of oak island filmed	[ "Oak Island" ]
[ "Title: Gallbladder Content: Gallbladder In vertebrates, the gallbladder is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine. In humans, the pear-shaped gallbladder lies beneath the liver, although the structure and position of the gallbladder can vary significantly among animal species. It receives and stores bile, produced by the liver, via the common hepatic duct and releases it via the common bile duct into the duodenum, where the bile helps in the digestion of fats. The gallbladder can be affected by gallstones, formed by material that cannot be dissolved – usually cholesterol or bilirubin,", "Title: Liver Content: Liver The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. Its other roles in metabolism include the regulation of glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells and the production of hormones. The liver is an accessory digestive gland that produces bile, an alkaline compound which helps the breakdown of fat. Bile aids in digestion via the emulsification of lipids. The gallbladder, a small pouch that sits just under the liver, stores bile produced by", "Title: Gallbladder Content: is shaped like a pear, with its tip opening into the cystic duct. The gallbladder is divided into three sections: the \"fundus\", \"body\", and \"neck\". The \"fundus\" is the rounded base, angled so that it faces the abdominal wall. The \"body\" lies in a depression in the surface of the lower liver. The \"neck\" tapers and is continuous with the cystic duct, part of the biliary tree. The gallbladder fossa, against which the fundus and body of the gallbladder lie, is found beneath the junction of hepatic segments IVB and V. The cystic duct unites with the common hepatic duct", "Title: Liver Content: insulin/Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) Liver The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. Its other roles in metabolism include the regulation of glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells and the production of hormones. The liver is an accessory digestive gland that produces bile, an alkaline compound which helps the breakdown of fat. Bile aids in digestion via the emulsification of lipids. The gallbladder, a small pouch that sits just under the liver,", "Title: Gallbladder Content: surgeons Phillipe Mouret and Francois Dubois are often credited for their operations in 1987 and 1988 respectively. Gallbladder In vertebrates, the gallbladder is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine. In humans, the pear-shaped gallbladder lies beneath the liver, although the structure and position of the gallbladder can vary significantly among animal species. It receives and stores bile, produced by the liver, via the common hepatic duct and releases it via the common bile duct into the duodenum, where the bile helps in the digestion of fats. The gallbladder", "Title: Gallbladder Content: a product of haemoglobin breakdown. These may cause significant pain, particularly in the upper-right corner of the abdomen, and are often treated with removal of the gallbladder called a cholecystectomy. Cholecystitis, inflammation of the gallbladder, has a wide range of causes, including result from the impaction of gallstones, infection, and autoimmune disease. The gallbladder is a hollow organ that sits in a shallow depression below the right lobe of the liver, that is grey-blue in life. In adults, the gallbladder measures approximately in length and in diameter when fully distended. The gallbladder has a capacity of about . The gallbladder", "Title: Urinary bladder Content: Urinary bladder The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ in humans and some other animals that collects and stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination. In the human the bladder is a hollow muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ, that sits on the pelvic floor. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra. The typical human bladder will hold between 300 and (10.14 and ) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more. In humans, the bladder is a hollow muscular organ situated at the base of the pelvis. Urine", "Title: Abdominal cavity Content: Abdominal cavity The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in humans and many other animals that contains many organs. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. It is located below the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. Its dome-shaped roof is the thoracic diaphragm, a thin sheet of muscle under the lungs, and its floor is the pelvic inlet, opening into the pelvis. Organs of the abdominal cavity include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, large intestine, and adrenal glands. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The inside", "Title: Gallbladder Content: portions form the basis for the adult gastrointestinal tract. Sections of this foregut begin to differentiate into the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. During the fourth week of embryological development, the stomach rotates. The stomach, originally lying in the midline of the embryo, rotates so that its body is on the left. This rotation also affects the part of the gastrointestinal tube immediately below the stomach, which will go on to become the duodenum. By the end of the fourth week, the developing duodenum begins to spout a small outpouching on its right", "Title: Human digestive system Content: the bile ducts and into the gall bladder for storage. The bile is released in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) a peptide hormone released from the duodenum. The production of CCK (by endocrine cells of the duodenum) is stimulated by the presence of fat in the duodenum. It is divided into three sections, a fundus, body and neck. The neck tapers and connects to the biliary tract via the cystic duct, which then joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct. At this junction is a mucosal fold called \"Hartmann's pouch\", where gallstones commonly get stuck. The muscular" ]	where is gall bladder situated in human body	[ "beneath the liver" ]
[ "Title: Director of the United States Mint Content: of 1873 specified a five-year term for directors. The director operates with general directions provided by the United States Secretary of the Treasury. Director of the United States Mint The Director of the United States Mint is a presidential appointment needing Senate confirmation. David J. Ryder became director in April 2018. He previously served as director from 1992 to 1993. When the position of director is vacant, the senior career (non-political) official of the mint serves as the acting director/deputy director. Until the appointment of Mr. Ryder as director, the mint had been without an official director since the resignation", "Title: Director of the United States Mint Content: Director of the United States Mint The Director of the United States Mint is a presidential appointment needing Senate confirmation. David J. Ryder became director in April 2018. He previously served as director from 1992 to 1993. When the position of director is vacant, the senior career (non-political) official of the mint serves as the acting director/deputy director. Until the appointment of Mr. Ryder as director, the mint had been without an official director since the resignation of Edmund C. Moy in 2011. Richard A. Peterson succeeded Mr. Moy and was the longest-serving acting director/deputy director in the mint's history.", "Title: David J. Ryder Content: November 1993 via a recess appointment. In 2017, Ryder was again nominated as Director of the United States Mint by President Donald Trump and confirmed by a voice vote on March 21, 2018. David J. Ryder David J. Ryder (born October 14, 1955) is the current Director of the United States Mint. He formerly was in the same position from 1992 to 1993. David J. Ryder was born in Billings, Montana on October 14, 1955. He attended Boise State University. Ryder worked for the United States Department of Commerce as deputy commissioner general of the U.S. Pavilion at the 1984", "Title: Director of the United States Mint Content: Mr. Peterson served between January 2011 and March 2017. In July 2015 Matthew Rhett Jeppson was nominated by President Barack Obama to become the mint's 39th director and was given the temporary title of principal deputy director. However, the nomination was never confirmed by the Senate. Mr. Jeppson stepped down as principal deputy director in January 2017, being replaced by Acting Principal Deputy Director David Motl. The office of director has existed since the creation of the Mint by the Coinage Act of 1792. Initially appointed serving at the pleasure of the President of the United States, the Coinage Act", "Title: Philip N. Diehl Content: Philip N. Diehl Philip Noel Diehl (born June 11, 1951) is the 35th Director of the United States Mint. He is currently president of U.S. Money Reserve, a published analyst of gold markets, chairman of the board of the Standish Foundation for Children, and a member of the boards of the Industry Council for Tangible Assets, the Coalition for Equitable Regulation and Taxation, and the Gold and Silver Political Action Committee. Diehl was born in Dallas, Texas to Will A Diehl, a decorated World War II pilot who flew The Hump, and the former Wandah Marguerite Findley. He is married", "Title: David J. Ryder Content: David J. Ryder David J. Ryder (born October 14, 1955) is the current Director of the United States Mint. He formerly was in the same position from 1992 to 1993. David J. Ryder was born in Billings, Montana on October 14, 1955. He attended Boise State University. Ryder worked for the United States Department of Commerce as deputy commissioner general of the U.S. Pavilion at the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition 1983–84, and then commissioner general 1984–85. From 1985 to 1986, he worked in the Office of the Vice President of the United States as Director of Advance. He was director", "Title: Chief Engraver of the United States Mint Content: Chief Engraver of the United States Mint The Chief Engraver of the United States Mint is the highest staff member at the United States Mint. The Chief Engraver is the person in charge of coin design and engraving of dies at all four United States Mints: Philadelphia, Denver, San Francisco and West Point. The position was created by Congress with the Coinage Act of 1792, and placed within the Department of Treasury that produces circulating coinage for the United States. In 1990 after the resignation of Elizabeth Jones, the post of Chief Engraver was left vacant, and in 1996, with", "Title: United States Mint Content: Mint was made an independent agency in 1799. It converted precious metals into standard coin for anyone's account with no seigniorage charge beyond the refining costs. Under the Coinage Act of 1873, the Mint became part of the Department of the Treasury. It was placed under the auspices of the Treasurer of the United States in 1981. Legal tender coins of today are minted solely for the Treasury's account. The first Director of the United States Mint was renowned scientist David Rittenhouse from 1792 to 1795. The position was held most recently by Edmund C. Moy until his resignation effective", "Title: Edmund C. Moy Content: Mint, Moy became Vice President Corporate Infrastructure for L&L Energy, Inc. As of 2014, he is chief strategist for Fortress Gold Group. Moy also writes occasional articles for Moneynews.com. <br> Edmund C. Moy Edmund C. Moy (born September 12, 1957) is an American businessman and former government official. From 2006 to 2011 he served as the 38th Director of the United States Mint. Born in Detroit, Michigan, on September 12, 1957, Moy was raised in Waukesha, Wisconsin, where he worked in his parents' downtown restaurant while growing up. He is a 1975 graduate of Waukesha North High School and a", "Title: United States Mint Content: January 9, 2011. The position was left vacant until April 2018, until the position was filled by David J. Ryder. Henry Voigt was the first Superintendent and Chief Coiner, and is credited with some of the first U.S. coin designs. Another important position at the Mint is that of Chief Engraver, which has been held by such men as Frank Gasparro, William Barber, Charles E. Barber, James B. Longacre, and Christian Gobrecht. The Mint has operated several branch facilities throughout the United States since the Philadelphia Mint opened in 1792, in a building known as \"Ye Olde Mint\". With the" ]	who is the current director of the us mint	[ "David Motl", "David J. Ryder" ]
[ "Title: Yaya Touré Content: was fined £54,000 – at the time the largest fine for drink driving in British legal history. Touré was nominated in the Personality of the Year category at the 2014 MTV Africa Music Awards. In July 2014, Touré was nominated for Prize in Entertainment at the 2014 The Future Africa Awards. In December 2015, Touré won the BBC African Footballer of the Year on a public vote for the second time, after leading the Ivory Coast to victory in the 2015 African Cup of Nations. Olympiacos Barcelona Manchester City Ivory Coast Individual Yaya Touré Gnégnéri Yaya Touré (born 13 May", "Title: MTV Africa Music Awards 2014 Content: school girls was also addressed during the ceremony. Ladysmith Black Mambazo received great applause for performing \"Acappello\" and \"Y-tjukutja\". Lupita Nyong'o won the Personality of the Year award; a clip of her acceptance speech was aired during the ceremony. American musicians Miguel, French Montana, and Trey Songz performed their hit songs. Celebrity guests attending the event included Khloé Kardashian, D'Banj, Nomzamo Mbatha, Goldfish, DJ Fresh, John Vlismas, Kajal Bagwandeen, Emmanuel Adebayor, Wema Sepetu, Minnie Dlamini, Sizwe Dhlomo, Dorcas Shola Fapson, DJ C’ndo, Efya and Riaad Moosa. BET International premiered the show on June 12. The show was broadcast internationally in", "Title: 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards Content: award, while Ayo Jay emerged as the Most Promising Act to Watch. In the acting category, Tope Tedela and Funke Akindele emerged Best Actor in a Lead Role and Best Actress in a Lead Role respectively. The Best Gospel Act award went to Frank Edwards. Ghanaian reggae musician. Shatta Wale toppled Sarkodie, Mafikizolo, Mi Casa, Fally Ipupa, Uhuru and R2Bees for the African Artist of the Year award. 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards The 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards took place on 31 August 2014, at the Skirball Center for the Performing Arts in New York City. The eligibility period was from", "Title: African Footballer of the Year Content: African Footballer of the Year The African Footballer of the Year award, presented to the best African footballer each year, has been conferred by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) since 1992. An earlier \"African Footballer of the Year\" Golden Ball award was given out between 1970 and 1994 by \"France Football\" magazine. The changes resulted in parallel Golden Ball awards given out to Abedi Pele and George Weah in 1993 and 1994 by the magazine although the CAF sponsored awards for those years were won respectively by Rashidi Yekini and Emmanuel Amuneke, as well as two awards given to", "Title: BBC African Footballer of the Year Content: The Zambia national football team were posthumous winners of the award in 1994, following the plane crash in the Atlantic Ocean a year previous. The award became centred around football from 2001 onwards, Cameroon's Patrick M'Boma was the last person to win it as a sports award. Nigeria's Nwankwo Kanu and Jay-Jay Okocha, as well as the Ivory Coast's Yaya Touré and Egypt's Mohamed Salah are the only players to win the award more than once, with two wins. BBC African Footballer of the Year The BBC African Footballer of the Year (previously known as the BBC African Sports Star", "Title: Algerian Footballer of the Year Content: Algerian Footballer of the Year The Algerian Footballer of the Year is an annual football award for the best Algerian player presented by El Heddaf-Le Buteur since 2001. The first winner of the award was Olympique de Marseille midfielder Djamel Belmadi. As of 2015, only Karim Ziani, Madjid Bougherra and Riyad Mahrez have won the award on two consecutive occasions . Of the five, only Karim Ziani won his awards playing for two different teams. Saw the award call many of the stars of world football to deliver the prize to the winner they are Paolo Maldini, Franck Ribéry, Fabio", "Title: Fatou Bensouda Content: in Africa in the Civil Society category and one of the 100 most Influential African Personalities. In December 2014, the Togolese magazine \"Africa Top Success\" named her \"African of the Year\", ahead of Isabel dos Santos, Angélique Kidjo, Lupita Nyong'o, Daphne Mashile-Nkosi and Koki Mutungi. In October 2017, Bensouda and two members of her staff were accused by \"Der Spiegel\" of staying in touch with her predecessor, questioning the Prosecutor's own integrity when Bensouda sent confidential information to Ocampo. It was also suggested that Bensouda sought the advice of her predecessor on several occasions and perhaps allowed herself to be", "Title: Ngozi Ebere Content: Footballer of the Year; she suggested that this nomination came as a result of her recent performances. During the course of her first season, she played in eight matches; six in the Division 1 Féminine and two in the Coupe de France Féminine. The 2017–18 season she played in Cyprus at Barcelona FA. She was part of the Nigeria women's national football team squads at the African Women's Championship in 2012 and the winning team of 2014. She was also in the squad at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. Ngozi Ebere Ngozi Ebere (born 5 August 1991) is a", "Title: Riyad Mahrez Content: League at the end of his first season. In the 2015–16 season he was the Algerian Footballer of the Year, the PFA Players' Player of the Year, and was a member of the Premier League PFA Team of the Year as he helped Leicester City win the Premier League. Born in France, Mahrez made his international debut for Algeria in 2014 and represented them at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and both the 2015 and 2017 Africa Cup of Nations. In 2016 he was named CAF's African Footballer of the Year. Mahrez was born in Sarcelles, France, to an Algerian", "Title: Aliko Dangote Content: the purchase he would fire the club's long-standing manager Arsène Wenger. Dangote is married, and lives in Lagos, Nigeria. He has been married four times, and his first three marriages ended in divorce. He has a total of three children from these marriages. Dangote was named as the Forbes Africa Person of the Year 2014. The other nominees were South Africa's Public Protector, Thuli Madonsela, Nigerian author, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Director-General of the Securities and Exchange Commission, (SEC), Arunma Oteh, and President of the African Development Bank, Donald Kaberuka. In 2013, Dangote and six other prominent Nigerians were conferred honorary" ]	who was named african footballer of the year 2014	[ "Yaya Touré" ]
[ "Title: Lithium battery Content: Lithium battery Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have lithium as an anode. These types of batteries are also referred to as lithium-metal batteries. They stand apart from other batteries in their high charge density (long life) and high cost per unit. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from (comparable to a zinc–carbon or alkaline battery) to about . Disposable primary lithium batteries must be distinguished from secondary lithium-ion, lithium iron phosphate and lithium-polymer, which are rechargeable batteries. Lithium is especially useful, because its ions can be arranged to move between the anode", "Title: Lithium-ion battery Content: Lithium-ion battery A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery (abbreviated as LIB) is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back when charging. Li-ion batteries use an intercalated lithium compound as one electrode material, compared to the metallic lithium used in a non-rechargeable lithium battery. Lithium-ion batteries are common rechargeable batteries for portable electronics, with a high energy density, tiny memory effect and low self-discharge. LIBs are also growing in popularity for military, battery electric vehicle and aerospace applications. Chemistry, performance, cost and safety characteristics vary across", "Title: Lithium Content: batteries that use lithium include the lithium-ion polymer battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, and the nanowire battery. The third most common use of lithium is in greases. Lithium hydroxide is a strong base and, when heated with a fat, produces a soap made of lithium stearate. Lithium soap has the ability to thicken oils, and it is used to manufacture all-purpose, high-temperature lubricating greases. Lithium (e.g. as lithium carbonate) is used as an additive to continuous casting mould flux slags where it increases fluidity, a use which accounts for 5% of global lithium use (2011). Lithium compounds are also used", "Title: Lithium battery Content: of thionyl chloride (SOCl), lithium tetrachloroaluminate (), and niobium pentachloride () which act as the catholyte, electrolyte, electron sink, and dendrite preventive during reverse voltage condition, electrolyte, respectively. A porous carbon material serves as a cathode current collector which receives electrons from the external circuit. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are well suited to extremely low-current or moderate pulse applications where a service life of up to 40 years is necessary. The liquid organic electrolyte is a solution of an ion-forming inorganic lithium compound in a mixture of a high-permittivity solvent (propylene carbonate) and a low-viscosity solvent (dimethoxyethane). Engineers at the University", "Title: Lithium battery Content: and the cathode, using an intercalated lithium compound as the cathode material but without using lithium metal as the anode material. Pure lithium will instantly react with water, or even moisture in the air; the lithium in lithium ion batteries is in a less reactive compound. Lithium batteries are widely used in portable consumer electronic devices, and in electric vehicles ranging from full sized vehicles to radio controlled toys. The term \"lithium battery\" refers to a family of different lithium-metal chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes but all with metallic lithium as the anode. The battery requires from", "Title: Lithium as an investment Content: increased tendency for costlier components to be targeted for replacement by new technologies. Current projections of the global market for lithium-ion batteries range from $26 billion in 2023 (\"Navigant Research\") to a very optimistic $33 billion in 2019 (\"Transparency Market Research\"). Lithium metal is an extremely soft, highly reactive, and flammable element. It is most frequently found in deposits such as spodumene and pegmatite minerals, with larger resources in the U.S., Canada, Australia, China, Zimbabwe, and Russia. Lithium possesses a unique chemical profile making it the lightest metal in the periodic table and the least dense solid element. Its atomic", "Title: Lithium iron phosphate battery Content: cost, low toxicity, well-defined performance, long-term stability, etc. is finding a number of roles in vehicle use, utility scale stationary applications, and backup power. is a natural mineral of the olivine family (triphylite). Its use as a battery electrode which was first described in published literature by John B. Goodenough's research group at the University of Texas in 1996, as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Because of its low cost, non-toxicity, the natural abundance of iron, its excellent thermal stability, safety characteristics, electrochemical performance, and specific capacity (170 mA·h/g, or 610 C/g) it has gained considerable market acceptance.", "Title: Lithium-ion battery Content: electrode materials are traditionally constructed from graphite and other carbon materials, although newer silicon based materials are being increasingly used (see Nanowire battery). These materials are used because they are abundant and are electrically conducting and can intercalate lithium ions to store electrical charge with modest volume expansion (ca. 10%). The reason that graphite is the dominant material is because of its low voltage and excellent performance. Various materials have been introduced but their voltage is high leading to a low energy density. Low voltage of material is the key requirement; otherwise, the excess capacity is useless in terms of", "Title: Lithium-ion battery Content: anode and cathode, depending on the direction of current flow through the cell. The most commercially popular negative electrode is graphite. The positive electrode is generally one of three materials: a layered oxide (such as lithium cobalt oxide), a polyanion (such as lithium iron phosphate) or a spinel (such as lithium manganese oxide). Recently, graphene based electrodes (based on 2D and 3D structures of graphene) have also been used as electrodes for lithium batteries. The electrolyte is typically a mixture of organic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate or diethyl carbonate containing complexes of lithium ions. These non-aqueous electrolytes generally use", "Title: Lithium Content: vents. Estimates for the Earth's crustal content range from 20 to 70 ppm by weight. In keeping with its name, lithium forms a minor part of igneous rocks, with the largest concentrations in granites. Granitic pegmatites also provide the greatest abundance of lithium-containing minerals, with spodumene and petalite being the most commercially viable sources. Another significant mineral of lithium is lepidolite which is now an obsolete name for a series formed by polylithionite and trilithionite. A newer source for lithium is hectorite clay, the only active development of which is through the Western Lithium Corporation in the United States. At" ]	what is the main mineral in lithium batteries	[ "Lithium", "lithium" ]
[ "Title: Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India Content: Fundamental Rights, embodied in Part III of the Constitution, guarantee civil rights to all Indians, and prevent the State from encroaching on individual liberty while simultaneously placing upon it an obligation to protect the citizens' rights from encroachment by society. Seven fundamental rights were originally provided by the Constitution – right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to property and right to constitutional remedies. However, the right to property was removed from Part III of the Constitution by the 44th Amendment in 1978. The purpose of the Fundamental", "Title: Land acquisition in India Content: 44th Amendment, w.e.f. 10.6.1979). The amendment ensured that the right to property‟ is no longer a fundamental right but rather a constitutional/legal right/as a statutory right and in the event of breach, the remedy available to an aggrieved person is through the High Court under Article 226 of the Indian Constitution and not the Supreme Court under Article 32 of the Constitution. State must pay compensation at the market value for such land, building or structure acquired (Inserted by Constitution, Seventeenth Amendment) Act, 1964, the same can be found in the earlier rulings when property right was a fundamental right", "Title: Right to property Content: Right to property The right to property or right to own property (cf. ownership) is often classified as a human right for natural persons regarding their possessions. A general recognition of a right to private property is found more rarely and is typically heavily constrained insofar as property is owned by legal persons (i.e. corporations) and where it is used for production rather than consumption. A right to property is recognised in Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but it is not recognised in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or the International Covenant on", "Title: Fundamental rights in India Content: 1973 for any incompatibility with the basic structure doctrine. Section 4 of the 42nd Amendment, had changed of the constitution to accord precedence to the Directive Principles (earlier applicable only to clauses b & c of Article 39) over the fundamental rights of individuals. In Minerva Mills v. Union of India case, supreme court ruled that the amendment to the Article 31C is not valid and ultra vires. The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. Article 19 guaranteed to all citizens the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property. Article 31 provided", "Title: Right to property Content: a property qualification for civil and political rights was maintained. Right to property The right to property or right to own property (cf. ownership) is often classified as a human right for natural persons regarding their possessions. A general recognition of a right to private property is found more rarely and is typically heavily constrained insofar as property is owned by legal persons (i.e. corporations) and where it is used for production rather than consumption. A right to property is recognised in Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but it is not recognised in the International Covenant", "Title: Part XII of the Constitution of India Content: on Property, Contracts, Right, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits Articles 294 - 300 on Succession to property assets, liabilities, and obligations. Article 300A on the Right to Property Article 300A - on Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law. Part XII of the Constitution of India Part XII is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. This part of the constitution consists of Articles on Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits. Articles 264 - 291 on Finance Articles 264 - 267", "Title: Land acquisition in India Content: 19 guaranteed that all citizens have the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property. Article 31 stated that \"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.\" It also indicated that compensation would be paid to a person whose property has been taken for public purposes (often subject to wide range of meaning). The Forty-Fourth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights with an introduction of a new provision, Article 300-A, which provided that \"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law\" (Constitution", "Title: Land acquisition in India Content: private land for a public use, provided the public nature of the usage can be demonstrated beyond doubt. The doctrine is based on the following two Latin maxims, (1) Salus populi suprema lex (Welfare of the People Is the Paramount Law) and (2) Necessitas publica major est quam (Public Necessity Is Greater Than Private Necessity). In the history of modern India, this doctrine was challenged twice (broadly speaking) once when land reform was initiated and another time when Banks were nationalized. The Constitution of India originally provided the right to property (which includes land) under Articles 19 and 31. Article", "Title: Fundamental rights in India Content: that \"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.\" It also provided that compensation would be paid to a person whose property has been taken for public purposes. The provisions relating to the right to property were changed a number of times. The Forty-Fourth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights A new provision, Article 300-A, was added to the constitution, which provided that \"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law\". Thus if a legislature makes a law depriving a person of", "Title: Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India Content: Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India The Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 1971, curtailed the right to property, and permitted the acquisition of private property by the government for public use, on the payment of compensation which would be determined by the Parliament and not the courts. The amendment also exempted any law giving effect to the article 39(b) and (c) of Directive Principles of State Policy from judicial review, even if it violated the Fundamental Rights. In 1970, the Supreme Court, in its judgement on \"Rustom Cavasjee Cooper" ]	right to property according to the constitution of india is a	[ "constitutional right" ]
[ "Title: Presidency of Donald Trump Content: Presidency of Donald Trump The presidency of Donald Trump began at noon EST on January 20, 2017, when Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States, succeeding Barack Obama. A Republican, Trump was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his 2016 presidential election victory over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. While Trump lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million votes, he won the Electoral College vote, 304 to 227, in a presidential contest targeted by a Russian sabotage campaign. As of the end of his first year in", "Title: President of the United States Content: President of the United States The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces. In contemporary times, the president is looked upon as one of the world's most powerful political figures and as the leader of the only remaining global superpower. The role includes responsibility for the world's most expensive military, which has the second largest nuclear arsenal. The president also leads the nation with the largest", "Title: President of the United States Content: States which is not decided by popular vote. Nine vice presidents became president by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. Donald Trump of New York is the 45th and current president. He assumed office on January 20, 2017. During the American Revolution in 1776, the Thirteen Colonies, acting through the Second Continental Congress, declared political independence from Great Britain. The new states were independent of each other as nation states and recognized the necessity of closely coordinating their efforts against the British. Congress desired to avoid anything that remotely resembled a monarchy and negotiated the Articles of Confederation", "Title: 2016 United States presidential election Content: 2016 United States presidential election The 2016 United States presidential election was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. The Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine, despite losing the popular vote. Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017. Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama was ineligible to serve a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment. Trump", "Title: Presidential transition of Donald Trump Content: Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of", "Title: Presidency of Barack Obama Content: Presidency of Barack Obama The presidency of Barack Obama began at noon EST on January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 2017. Obama, a Democrat, took office following a decisive victory over Republican John McCain in the 2008 presidential election. Four years later, in the 2012 election, he defeated Republican Mitt Romney to win re-election. He was the first African American president, the first multiracial president, the first non-white president, and the first president to have been born in Hawaii. Obama was succeeded by Republican Donald", "Title: Donald Trump Content: Trump marked the official start of the campaign with a rally in Melbourne, Florida, on February 18, 2017, less than a month after taking office. By January 2018, Trump's reelection committee had $22 million in hand and it had raised a total amount exceeding $50 million towards the 2020 campaign . Footnotes Citations Bibliography Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and received an economics", "Title: Presidential transition of Donald Trump Content: Mike Pence\". Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition", "Title: Barack Obama's farewell address Content: David Axelrod also contributed to the drafting process. Barack Obama's farewell address Barack Obama's farewell address was the of Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States, delivered on January 10, 2017 at 9:00 p.m. EST. The farewell address was broadcast on various television and radio stations and livestreamed online by the White House. An estimated 24 million people watched the address live on television. The speech and its transcript are available on the archived version of the Obama Whitehouse website. Obama served as the first African American President of the United States for two terms, first elected", "Title: United States presidential transition Content: federal officials have been pushing for candidates to start planning a potential administration earlier and earlier in the election calendar. The most recent transition was the Trump transition—the transition from the Obama administration to the Trump administration—which concluded on January 20, 2017, with the swearing in of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States. For much of American history, presidential transitions were carried out without very much advance planning or even cooperation from the sitting chief executive. A president-elect was not expected to come to the nation’s capital until the inauguration and had few if any substantial" ]	who is the president of usa right now	[ "Donald Trump" ]
[ "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: Middle cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellæ; laterally by the temporal squamæ, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: like the italic letter \"f\". It begins behind at the foramen lacerum, and ends on the medial side of the anterior clinoid process, where it is sometimes converted into a foramen (carotico-clinoid) by the union of the anterior with the middle clinoid process; posteriorly, it is bounded laterally by the lingula. This groove lodges the cavernous sinus and the internal carotid artery, the latter being surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The lateral parts of the middle fossa are of considerable depth, and support the temporal lobes of the brain. They are marked by depressions for the brain convolutions", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures. It houses the temporal lobes of the brain and the pituitary gland. A middle fossa craniotomy is one means to surgically remove acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannoma) growing within the internal auditory canal of the temporal bone. The middle part of the fossa presents, in front, the chiasmatic groove and tuberculum sellae; the chiasmatic groove ends on either side at the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to the orbital cavity. Behind the optic foramen the anterior clinoid process is directed backward", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: canal, for the transmission of the greater superficial petrosal nerve and the petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery; beneath it, the smaller groove, for the passage of the lesser superficial petrosal nerve; and, near the apex of the bone, the depression for the semilunar ganglion and the orifice of the carotid canal. Middle cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior", "Title: Anterior cranial fossa Content: Anterior cranial fossa The anterior cranial fossa is a depression in the floor of the cranial base which houses the projecting frontal lobes of the brain. It is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove. The lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae. It is traversed by the frontoethmoidal, sphenoethmoidal, and sphenofrontal", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: the sphenoid; it is usually completed laterally by the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It transmits to the orbital cavity the oculomotor, the trochlear, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal, and the abducent nerves, some filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery; and from the orbital cavity a recurrent branch from the lacrimal artery to the dura mater, and the ophthalmic veins. Behind the medial end of the superior orbital fissure is the foramen rotundum, for the passage of the maxillary nerve. Behind and lateral to the foramen rotundum", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: is the foramen ovale, which transmits the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, and the lesser superficial petrosal nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen Vesalii, which varies in size in different individuals, and is often absent; when present, it opens below at the lateral side of the scaphoid fossa, and transmits a small vein. Lateral to the foramen ovale is the foramen spinosum, for the passage of the middle meningeal vessels, and a recurrent branch from the mandibular nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen lacerum; in the fresh state the lower part of this", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: aperture is filled up by a layer of fibrocartilage, while its upper and inner parts transmit the internal carotid artery surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The nerve of the pterygoid canal and a meningeal branch from the ascending pharyngeal artery pierce the layer of fibrocartilage. On the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone are seen the eminence caused by the projection of the superior semicircular canal; in front of and a little lateral to this a depression corresponding to the roof of the tympanic cavity; the groove leading to the hiatus of the facial", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: and traversed by furrows for the anterior and posterior branches of the middle meningeal vessels. These furrows begin near the foramen spinosum, and the anterior runs forward and upward to the sphenoidal angle of the parietal, where it is sometimes converted into a bony canal; the posterior runs lateralward and backward across the temporal squama and passes on to the parietal near the middle of its lower border. The following apertures are also to be seen. In front is the superior orbital fissure, bounded above by the small wing, below, by the great wing, and medially, by the body of", "Title: Middle cranial fossa Content: and medialward and gives attachment to the tentorium cerebelli. Behind the tuberculum sellæ is a deep depression, the sella turcica, containing the fossa hypophyseos, which lodges the hypophysis, and presents on its anterior wall the middle clinoid processes. The sella turcica is bounded posteriorly by a quadrilateral plate of bone, the dorsum sellae, the upper angles of which are surmounted by the posterior clinoid processes: these afford attachment to the tentorium cerebelli, and below each is a notch for the abducent nerve. On either side of the sella turcica is the carotid groove, which is broad, shallow, and curved somewhat" ]	what part of the brain is in the middle cranial fossa	[ "the pituitary gland", "temporal lobes", "the temporal lobes", "pituitary gland" ]
[ "Title: The Outsiders (film) Content: film helped spark the Brat Pack genre of the 1980s. Both Lane and Dillon went on to appear in Coppola's related film \"Rumble Fish\". Emilio Estevez went on to be in \"That Was Then... This Is Now\", the only S. E. Hinton film adaptation not to star Matt Dillon. The movie received mostly positive reviews from critics, and performed well at the box office, grossing $33 million on a $10 million budget. In Tulsa, Oklahoma, greasers are a gang of tough, low-income working-class teens. They include Ponyboy Curtis and his two older brothers, Sodapop and Darrel, as well as Johnny", "Title: The Outsiders (novel) Content: in 1965, but this is never explicitly stated in the book. A film adaptation was produced in 1983, and a little-known short-lived television series appeared in 1990, picking up where the movie left off. A stage adaptation was written by Christopher Sergel and published in 1990. Ponyboy Curtis, a teenaged member of a loose gang of \"greasers\", is leaving a movie theater when he is jumped by \"Socs\", the greasers' rival gang. Several greasers, including Ponyboy's two older brothers—the paternal Darry and the popular Sodapop—come to his rescue. The next night, Ponyboy and two greaser friends, the hardened Dally and", "Title: Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Content: Paul Giamatti for Sony Pictures Television and Tribune Studios. WGN America announced a 13-episode straight-to-series order in August 2014. Production began in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area on May 5, 2015 and ran through September. Mountaintop exteriors were filmed in Henry Kaufmann Family Park in Monroeville, Pennsylvania, while interiors were constructed at 31st Street Studios in the Strip District. Scenes in Blackburg, Kentucky, the fictional town at the base of the mountain, were filmed in Millvale. WGN America renewed the series for a second season. Production resumed in mid-2016 using the same locations around Pittsburgh. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On review aggregator Metacritic, \"Outsiders\"", "Title: Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Content: Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Outsiders is an American television drama series created by Peter Mattei. Set in the fictional town of Blackburg, Crockett County, Kentucky, the series tells the story of the Farrell clan and their struggle for power and control in the hills of Appalachia. It is WGN America's third original series, which debuted on January 26, 2016. On March 11, 2016, WGN America renewed \"Outsiders\" for a second season which premiered on January 24, 2017. On April 14, 2017, WGN America announced, the series had been canceled after two seasons, with the then forthcoming last episode of the", "Title: Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Content: second season, airing as a series finale on the channel. Set in the Appalachian Mountains of Kentucky, the series revolves around the interaction of a group of mountain folk known as the Farrell clan and the locals in the nearby town of Blackburg, Kentucky. The Farrells are an isolationist group, who shun normal society and live a spartan existence in the woods. Extremely paranoid of outsiders, the family controls a mountain coveted by a national mining outfit for its coal deposits. At the start of the series, Asa Farrell, a cousin of the ruling family, returns to the mountains after", "Title: S. E. Hinton bibliography Content: S. E. Hinton bibliography Susan Eloise Hinton (better known as S. E. Hinton) is an American author who is best known for writing young adult fiction. \"The Outsiders\" was Hinton's first published book in 1967; Hinton wrote the book at the age of seventeen. Hinton based the characters, the Greasers and the Socs, off of teenage gangs and alienated youth in her hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma during the 1960s. \"The Outsiders\" has sold over fourteen million copies since it was published. In 1983, \"The Outsiders\" became a movie, and was later released onto DVD. After experiencing a writer's block and", "Title: S. E. Hinton bibliography Content: awards from 21 nominations. S. E. Hinton bibliography Susan Eloise Hinton (better known as S. E. Hinton) is an American author who is best known for writing young adult fiction. \"The Outsiders\" was Hinton's first published book in 1967; Hinton wrote the book at the age of seventeen. Hinton based the characters, the Greasers and the Socs, off of teenage gangs and alienated youth in her hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma during the 1960s. \"The Outsiders\" has sold over fourteen million copies since it was published. In 1983, \"The Outsiders\" became a movie, and was later released onto DVD. After experiencing", "Title: Greaser (subculture) Content: time. The first cinematic representation of the greaser subculture was the 1953 film \"The Wild One\". Greasers are central characters in the 1957 musical \"West Side Story\" and its 1961 film adaptation, the 1967 novel \"The Outsiders\" and its 1983 film adaptation, the 1974 film \"The Lords of Flatbush\", and the 1979 film \"The Wanderers\". The phenomenon was given a more farcical treatment in the 1971 stage musical \"Grease\" (along with its 1978 film adaptation), which drew its name from the subculture and was based on real-life Chicago Polish greasers in the late 1950s. The band Sha-Na-Na models their on-stage", "Title: The Outsiders (film) Content: told the police that Johnny and Pony were in Texas, and gives Pony a note from Sodapop. They go out to get something to eat, then return to find the church on fire with children trapped inside. The Greasers turn into heroes as they rescue the kids from the burning church. It doesn't take long for Ponyboy and Dally to heal up. Johnny, on the other hand, ends up with a broken back and severe burns. The boys are praised for their heroism, but Johnny is charged with manslaughter for killing Bob, while Ponyboy may be sent to a boys'", "Title: Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Content: holds a score of 63/100, based on 17 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews.\" On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season has an approval rating of 78%, stating \"\"Outsiders\" gritty performances keeps the backwoods drama intriguing, even when the story gets stuck in the mud.\" Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Outsiders is an American television drama series created by Peter Mattei. Set in the fictional town of Blackburg, Crockett County, Kentucky, the series tells the story of the Farrell clan and their struggle for power and control in the hills of Appalachia. It is WGN America's third original series, which debuted on January" ]	where do the greasers live in the outsiders	[ "Tulsa , Oklahoma" ]
[ "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) \"Flight\" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 17, 2012. In the episode, six doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital who are victims of an aviation accident fight to stay alive, but Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) ultimately dies. Other storylines occur in Seattle where Dr. Richard Webber (James", "Title: Grey's Anatomy Content: careers. However, all plans are put on hold when several doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital are engaged in a plane crash, which kills Lexie and endangers Meredith, Shepherd, Yang, Robbins, and Sloan. At the conclusion of the eighth season, Altman is courteously fired by Hunt as she struggles to decide whether or not to take the job as Chief at the United States Army Medical Command (MEDCOM). In the season nine premiere, Sloan dies due to sustained injuries from the plane crash following a brief relapse of temporary health (the surge) and the remaining characters work through their", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: Pickens, Jr.) plans his annual dinner for the departing residents, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) fires Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver), and Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) gets engaged. The episode marked Leigh's final appearance in the series and Raver's last until late in the fourteenth season. Exterior filming of the accident took place at Big Bear Lake, California. Jason George reprised his role as a guest star, whereas James LeGros made his first appearance. The episode opened to mixed reviews from television critics, with some criticizing the death of Lexie, but praising Leigh's performance, in addition to Ellen Pompeo", "Title: Going, Going, Gone (Grey's Anatomy) Content: the fates of select characters unknown. However, multiple cast members leaked pictures from the set. Jason George returned in guest capacity, along with newcomers William Daniels, Steven Culp, Philip Casnoff, Gaius Charles, Camilla Luddington, Tina Majorino, and Jerrika Hinton. Critics generally regarded \"Going, Going, Gone\" as disconsolate. In the season eight finale, Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh), Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), and Dr. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) are caught in an aviation accident, leaving Lexie Grey dead, and the rest of the doctors stranded.", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: a piece of the plane. While Meredith searches for Shepherd, Yang and Sloan try to move the debris off Lexie. Eventually, the two realize that they cannot save her, so Sloan holds her hand while she dies, telling her that he loves her. As Sloan tells her of the life the two were meant to have together, Lexie dies with a smile on her face just as Meredith and Yang are approaching. Lexie's death devastates Meredith, who is still desperately trying to find her husband. Eventually, she and Shepherd reunite and they fix his hand as best as they can.", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: poll that judged all the television season finales of the year, Lexie's death was voted the \"Top Tissue Moment\", while Robbins' injured leg and Shepherd's mangled hand were voted the \"Most Disturbing Image\". The ending of the episode was also considered as the \"Best Ending to an Otherwise So-So Season\". Lexie's death was also nominated under the \"Best (Presumed) Death\" category, while the plane crash's aftermath was nominated as the \"Best Non-romantic Cliffhanger\", and the episode in entirety was nominated for the special award for \"Biggest Regret That I Didn't See It, I Just Heard or Read About It\". \"Entertainment", "Title: Grey's Anatomy (season 8) Content: plane crashes. In \"Flight\" the six doctors and the pilot fight to survive. Derek's hand is severely injured, as is Arizona's leg. Lexie is trapped and crushed beneath part of the plane. She and Mark finally confess their love to each other, and within moments, she dies. Mere seconds later, Meredith arrives too late, and is devastated by her sister's death. They soon realize that Mark has severe internal injuries. The season ends with the 5 remaining surgeons in peril, lost in the woods and not knowing when or if help will come. The season received mostly positive reviews. Tanner", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: her to write the finale, adding: \"I did not enjoy it. It made me sick and it made me sad.\" Rhimes also explained the departure of Leigh, whose character died after the plane crash, by saying that the two came to an agreement on the decision to kill Lexie, after extensive discussion. Speaking of Raver's departure whose character left Seattle Grace for MEDCOM, Rhimes elaborated that Raver was offered a contract renewal, but declined. The episode received mixed reviews among television critics, and it outperformed the previous episode in terms of both viewership and ratings. \"Flight\" was originally broadcast on", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: Weekly\" later named the scene where Meredith is crying one of the best crying scenes of 2012. In TVLine's review of 2012, Lexie's death was runner-up for \"Biggest Tearjerker\". The episode is nominated at the NAACP Image Awards under the Outstanding Writing in a Dramatic Series category for Rhimes. Flight (Grey's Anatomy) \"Flight\" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company", "Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Content: (Patrick Dempsey), and Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) desperately fight to stay alive. Meredith is relatively unscathed, while the rest have serious injuries: the pilot, Jerry (James LeGros), has a major spine injury, and Yang dislocates her arm. Robbins' femur is broken and sticking through the skin, Sloan has serious internal injuries; though initially adrenaline keeps him on his feet. Shepherd is sucked out the side of the plane and awakens alone in the wood; his mangled hand having been pushed through the door of the plane. However, none are in as bad shape as Lexie, who is crushed under" ]	who died in the plane crash greys anatomy	[ "Lexie", "Dr. Lexie Grey" ]
[ "Title: Hops Content: were imported through Dublin alone. Important production centres today are the Hallertau in Germany, the Žatec (Saaz) in the Czech Republic, the Yakima (Washington) and Willamette (Oregon) valleys, and western Canyon County, Idaho (including the communities of Parma, Wilder, Greenleaf, and Notus). The principal production centres in the UK are in Kent (which produces Kent Goldings hops), Herefordshire, and Worcestershire. Essentially all of the harvested hops are used in beer making. Although hops are grown in most of the continental United States and Canada, cultivation of hops for commercial production requires a particular environment. As hops are a climbing plant,", "Title: Hops Content: modern machinery was invented to make the holes for the hop poles. Hops production is concentrated in moist temperate climates, with much of the world's production occurring near the 48th parallel north. Hop plants prefer the same soils as potatoes and the leading potato-growing states in the United States are also major hops-producing areas; however, not all potato-growing areas can produce good hops naturally: soils in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, for example, lack the boron that hops prefer. Historically, hops were not grown in Ireland, but were imported from England. In 1752 more than 500 tons of English hops", "Title: Hops Content: Hops Hops are the flowers (also called seed cones or strobiles) of the hop plant \"Humulus lupulus.\" They are used primarily as a bittering, flavouring and stability agent in beer, to which they, beyond bitterness, impart floral, fruity, or citric flavours and aromas; though they are also used for various purposes in other beverages and herbal medicine. The hop plant is a vigorous, climbing, herbaceous perennial, usually trained to grow up strings in a field called a hopfield, hop garden (nomenclature in the South of England), or hop yard (in the West Country and U.S.) when grown commercially. Many different", "Title: Hops Content: As a result, in 1603, King James I approved an Act of Parliament banning the practice by which \"the Subjects of this Realm have been of late years abused &c. to the Value of £20,000 yearly, besides the Danger of their Healths\". Hop cultivation was begun in the present-day United States in 1629 by English and Dutch farmers. Before prohibition, cultivation was mainly centred around New York, California, Oregon, and Washington state. Problems with powdery mildew and downy mildew devastated New York's production by the 1920s, and California only produces hops on a small scale. Hop bars were used before", "Title: Brussels sprout Content: offer an ideal combination of coastal fog and cool temperatures year-round. The harvest season lasts from June through January. Most U.S. production is in California, with a smaller percentage of the crop grown in Skagit Valley, Washington, where cool springs, mild summers, and rich soil abounds, and to a lesser degree on Long Island, New York. Total U.S. production is around 32,000 tons, with a value of $27 million. About 80 to 85% of U.S. production is for the frozen food market, with the remainder for fresh consumption. Once harvested, sprouts last 3-5 weeks under ideal near-freezing conditions before wilting", "Title: Emil Clemens Horst Content: Emil Clemens Horst Emil Clemens Horst (18 March 1867 – 24 May 1940) was a major figure in the cultivation, harvest and sale of hops in the United States. Horst emigrated to the U.S. as a child in 1874 from Tuttlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the mid 1880s he purchased a small plot of land along the Bear River, near Wheatland, California, and began cultivating hops. He soon bought out two other hop growers, Hugh Roddan and Joseph M.C. Jasper. By 1898, Horst's operation had grown to the point that ten hop drying kilns ran daily during the harvest and a", "Title: Agriculture in the Southwestern United States Content: produce a significant amount of potatoes, lemons, tangerines, and cantaloupes. Over 49,000 dry tons of chili peppers were grown in New Mexico in 2007, 35 million pounds of peanuts were grown, and 63,000 acres were used for onion production. New Mexico is also a significant producer of pinto beans and grapes. Since Nevada uses 90 percent of its cropland to grow hay, it is not a major contributor to other crops. Nevada does grow potatoes, wheat, barley, and onions, as the rest of the southwest states do. They also grow mint and garlic. Since most agriculture in the Southwest United", "Title: Sugarcane Content: growing regions, such as Mauritius, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Ecuador, Cuba, El Salvador, Jamaica, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Australia and Hawaii, sugarcane crops can produce over 15 kg/m of cane. Once a major crop of the southeastern region of the United States, sugarcane cultivation has declined there in recent decades, and is now primarily confined to Florida, Louisiana, and South Texas. Sugarcane is cultivated in the tropics and subtropics in areas with a plentiful supply of water for a continuous period of more than six to seven months each year, either from natural", "Title: Hops Content: face, hands, and legs. Hops are toxic to dogs. Hops Hops are the flowers (also called seed cones or strobiles) of the hop plant \"Humulus lupulus.\" They are used primarily as a bittering, flavouring and stability agent in beer, to which they, beyond bitterness, impart floral, fruity, or citric flavours and aromas; though they are also used for various purposes in other beverages and herbal medicine. The hop plant is a vigorous, climbing, herbaceous perennial, usually trained to grow up strings in a field called a hopfield, hop garden (nomenclature in the South of England), or hop yard (in the", "Title: Functionally classified barn Content: New York state's \"hop belt\" numerous hop barns were constructed between the early 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Ostego, Chenango, Madison, Oneida, Montgomery and Schoharie Counties were the primary areas contained within the hop belt. As hops production basically dwindled down to only Washington state, in the U.S., the remaining hop houses elsewhere have begun to disappear. Defunct hop kilns are found in areas where hops production is still ongoing, in Kent, England, for instance. The design of hop houses changed significantly over time, as did the area hops were grown in. In New York, for" ]	where do they grow hops in the us	[ "Willamette ( Oregon )", "Oregon", "western Canyon County , Idaho", "Washington", "Idaho", "Yakima ( Washington )" ]
[ "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format. Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat. (\"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.) He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom. Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits. Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting", "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: benefits Spike, who promises not to interfere ever again; causing Jerry to frantically leave the house and run into the distance (in Hic-cup Pup). Spike is well known for his famous \"\"Listen pussycat!\"\" catchphrase when he threatens Tom, his other famous catchphrase is \"\"That's my boy!\"\" normally said when he supports or congratulates his son. Tyke is described as a cute, sweet looking, happy and a lovable puppy. He is Spike's son, but unlike Spike, Tyke does not speak and only communicates (mostly towards his father) by barking, yapping, wagging his tail, whimpering and growling. Tyke's father Spike would always", "Title: Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz Content: Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz Tom and Jerry & The Wizard of Oz is a 2011 animated musical fantasy comedy direct-to-video film starring Tom and Jerry, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. The film is an animated semi-adaptation of the 1939 musical film, \"The Wizard of Oz\" with the addition of Tom and Jerry. Droopy and Butch from Tex Avery's \"Droopy\" series also cameo as minor antagonists. Dorothy is a girl, who lives in Kansas with her Aunt Em and Uncle Henry, as well as farmhands Hunk, Hickory, and Zeke. She has a pet dog named Toto, a", "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: his appearance in the 1945 MGM musical \"Anchors Aweigh\". \"\" is the first (and so far only) installment of the series where the famous cat-and-mouse duo regularly speak. In that movie, Tom was voiced by Richard Kind, and Jerry was voiced by Dana Hill. In his attempts to catch Jerry, Tom often has to deal with Spike (known as \"Killer\" and \"Butch\" in some shorts), an angry, vicious but easily duped bulldog who tries to attack Tom for bothering him or his son Tyke while trying to get Jerry. Originally, Spike was unnamed and mute (aside from howls and biting", "Title: Tom Cat Content: Framed Roger Rabbit\". Tom Cat Thomas \"Tom\" Cat is a fictional character and one of the title characters (the other being Jerry Mouse) in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's series of \"Tom and Jerry\" theatrical animated short films. Created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Tom is a grey and white anthropomorphic domestic short haired Tuxedo cat who first appeared in the 1940 MGM animated short \"Puss Gets the Boot\" Tom was originally known as \"Jasper\" during his debut in that short; however, beginning with his next appearance in \"The Midnight Snack\" he is known as \"Tom\" or \"Thomas\". His name, \"Tom Cat\", is", "Title: Tom Cat Content: Tom Cat Thomas \"Tom\" Cat is a fictional character and one of the title characters (the other being Jerry Mouse) in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's series of \"Tom and Jerry\" theatrical animated short films. Created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Tom is a grey and white anthropomorphic domestic short haired Tuxedo cat who first appeared in the 1940 MGM animated short \"Puss Gets the Boot\" Tom was originally known as \"Jasper\" during his debut in that short; however, beginning with his next appearance in \"The Midnight Snack\" he is known as \"Tom\" or \"Thomas\". His name, \"Tom Cat\", is based on \"tomcat\",", "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: Tom and Jerry Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940 by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom, a cat, and Jerry, a mouse, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy. In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 114 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958. During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category. After the MGM cartoon studio", "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: go out of his way to care and comfort his son and make sure that he is safe from Tom. Tyke loves his father and Spike loves his son and they get along like friends, although most of time they would be taking a nap or Spike would teach Tyke the main facts of life of being a dog. Like Spike, Tyke's appearance has altered throughout the years, from grey (with white paws) to creamy tan. When Tom and Jerry Kids first aired, this was the first time that viewers were able to hear Tyke speak. Butch is a black,", "Title: Tom and Jerry Content: The following cartoons won the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons: These cartoons were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons, but did not win: Tom and Jerry Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940 by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom, a cat, and Jerry, a mouse, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy. In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 114 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958. During this time, they", "Title: Tom and Jerry: The Movie Content: currently available. As of 2018, the film has also yet to be released on Blu-ray. Tom and Jerry: The Movie Tom and Jerry: The Movie is a 1992 American animated musical buddy comedy-adventure film starring the Academy Award-winning cat-and-mouse duo Tom and Jerry. Produced and directed by Phil Roman, the film stars the voices of Richard Kind, Dana Hill, Anndi McAfee, Tony Jay, Rip Taylor, Henry Gibson, Michael Bell, Ed Gilbert, David L. Lander, Howard Morris and Charlotte Rae. Produced by Turner Pictures and Roman's Film Roman, it is the first theatrical feature-length animated film featuring the cat-and-mouse duo as" ]	what 's the dog 's name on tom and jerry	[ "Spike" ]
[ "Title: Natural resources of Africa Content: continent.\" African oil takes growing importance, mainly after the 2015 oil crisis and recent oil reserves discoveries. Sudan and Nigeria are two of the main oil producers. China owns 40% of Congo's oil production. Oil is provided by both continental and offshore productions. Sudan's oil exports in 2010 are estimated by the United States Department of State at $9 billion with United States dollars. Five countries dominate Africa's upstream oil production. Together they account for 85% of the continent's oil production and are, in order of decreasing output, Nigeria, Libya, Algeria, Egypt and Angola. Other oil producing countries are Gabon,", "Title: Natural resources of Africa Content: Congo, Cameroon, Tunisia, Equatorial Guinea, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire and more recently, Ghana. Exploration is taking place in a number of other countries that aim to increase their output or become first time producers. Included in this list are Chad, Sudan, Namibia, South Africa and Madagascar while Mozambique and Tanzania are potential oil producers. Ore resources in Africa are abundant, and extremely more so nowadays as other continents are beginning to face depletion of resources. The copper belt in Katanga, the diamond mines in Sierra Leone, Angola, and Botswana are well known for their abundance and", "Title: Economy of Africa Content: Africa are South Africa, Libya, Namibia, Egypt, Tunisia, and Zimbabwe, which each consume between 1000 and 5000 KWh/m per person, in contrast with African states such as Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Tanzania, where electricity consumption per person is negligible. Petroleum and petroleum products are the main export of 14 African countries. Petroleum and petroleum products accounted for a 46.6% share of Africa's total exports in 2010; the second largest export of Africa as a whole is natural gas, in its gaseous state and as liquified natural gas, accounting for a 6.3% share of Africa's exports. Lack of infrastructure creates barriers for", "Title: Petroleum industry in the Republic of the Congo Content: Lubumbashi International Airport. Congo holds the fifth-largest proved reserves of natural gas in the Sub-Saharan Africa, at 3.2 Tcf, A majority of natural gas around 65% is reinjected and 21% flared. Petroleum industry in the Republic of the Congo Oil and Gas dominates the resource sector of the Republic of the Congo (), also referred to as Congo-Brazzaville, with the petroleum industry accounting for 89% of the country’s exports in 2010. Among African crude oil producers in 2010, The Congo ranked seventh. Nearly all of the country's hydrocarbons were produced off-shore. In the late 1970s, Congo emerged as a significant", "Title: Oron people Content: the Sahara Desert, which brings in the dry season Oron is rich in oil and natural gas. Most of its oil reserves are off-shore. There are 25 corked oil wells. Oron is presently rated as having one of the highest supplies of natural gas deposits in sub-Saharan Africa with large amounts of untapped natural gas and oil at Ukpata, Udung Okung, and Edik Ekpu. The region is extremely fertile and is known for its topographical Oil Palm Belt, tropical rainforest, swamps, and beaches. The mangrove forests also provide timber and raw materials for medicinal purposes. There are also deposits of", "Title: Climate of Africa Content: Earth. Located just south of the Sahara is a narrow steppe (a semi-arid region) called the Sahel, while Africa's most southern areas contain both savanna plains, and its central portion contains very dense jungle (rainforest) regions. The equatorial region near the Intertropical Convergence Zone is the wettest portion of the continent. Annually, the rain belt across the country moves northward into Sub-Saharan Africa by August, then passes back southward into south-central Africa by March. Areas with a savannah climate in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as Ghana, Burkina Faso, Darfur, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Botswana have a distinct rainy season. El Nino results", "Title: Africa Content: the Anatolian Plateau of Turkey mark where the African Plate collided with Eurasia. The Afrotropic ecozone and the Saharo-Arabian desert to its north unite the region biogeographically, and the Afro-Asiatic language family unites the north linguistically. The climate of Africa ranges from tropical to subarctic on its highest peaks. Its northern half is primarily desert, or arid, while its central and southern areas contain both savanna plains and dense jungle (rainforest) regions. In between, there is a convergence, where vegetation patterns such as sahel and steppe dominate. Africa is the hottest continent on earth and 60% of the entire land", "Title: Africa–China economic relations Content: Africa, which has preferential trade agreements with Europe. The sub-Saharan oil producers include by global rank and Mbpd: Nigeria (13th; 2.35Mbpd), Angola (16th; 1.91Mbpd), Sudan (31st; .47Mbpd). Guinea (33rd), Congo (38th), and Chad (45th) also have notable oil output. In 2005, 35% of exported African oil went to the EU, 32% to the US, 10% to China, while 1% of African gas goes to other parts of Asia. North African preferentially exporting its oil to western countries : EU 64%; US 18%; all others 18%. 60% of African wood goes to China, where it is manufactured, and then sell across", "Title: Energy in Africa Content: process optimization. According to Stephen Karekezi, Director of African Energy Policy Research Network and co-worker Waeni Kithyoma, Africa is third largest in crude oil reserves (behind the Middle East and Latin America), third largest in natural gas resources (behind the Middle East and Europe), second greatest for uranium (behind Australia), and is plentiful in hydro energy potentials and other renewable energy, such as bio-energy and solar energy. Professor Iwayemi states that there are conventional energy sources in Africa: hydroelectric and wood fuels, coal lignite, crude oil, natural gas and nuclear fuels, and there are unconventional energy sources, such as solar,", "Title: Petroleum industry in Nigeria Content: respectively, according to the International Energy Agency. According to the CIA World Factbook, Nigeria’s main export partners are the United States, India, Brazil, Spain, France and the Netherlands. Shell has been working in Nigeria since 1936, and currently dominates gas production in the country, as the Niger Delta, which contains most of Nigeria's gas resources, also houses most of Shell's hydrocarbon assets. Prior to its official amalgamation into the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria by the military forces of the British Empire in 1914, the territory of Nigeria was a loose collection of autonomous states, villages, and ethnic communities. Many" ]	in which regions are most of africa petroleum and natural gas found	[ "Nigeria" ]

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Data

Original source

All question-answer pairs were obtained from the DPR repository.

Data format

The expected data format is a list of entry examples, where each entry example is a dictionary containing

question: question text
reference: list of answer text for evaluation
ctxs: a list of passages

Entry example:

{
  'question': 'who got the first nobel prize in physics',
  'answers': ['Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen'],
  'ctxs': [
            "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen won first Nobel Prize in Physics.",
            "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen won it for discovery of X-rays",
            "Albert Einstein was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics",
            "The Nobel Prize in Physics is a yearly award.",
            "First law of thermodynamics was stated by William"
          ]
}

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