Patent Document

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/101,408, titled “Methods And Apparatus For Enhancing A Portable Worklight Fixture,” filed on Sep. 30, 2008. The entire disclosure of the provisional patent application is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present application is directed to portable worklights. More specifically, the present application is directed to systems and methods for enhancing portable worklight assemblies. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Workers at a worksite often require multiple outlets for their power tools. This results in the presence of multiple line splitters and extension cords at the worksite, thus causing clutter at the worksite and creating a potential unsafe environment. In addition, portable worklight assemblies are generally used at worksites to provide lighting in work areas requiring illumination. Most conventional worklight assemblies have a number of disadvantages however. For example, some worklight assemblies must be tilted or entirely moved if a worker wants to aim the light in a desired direction. Most conventional worklight assemblies includes a series of knobs which are loosened to move the worklight head position, then tightened again once the worklight head is in position. Other conventional worklight assemblies rely on an detent-indexing method that eliminates adjusting knobs and instead consists of detents spaced at angular intervals. Unfortunately, these methods limit worklight head movement to a rotational movement within orthogonal planes (horizontal, vertical, or both). In addition, some worklight assemblies can take up a large amount of space. 
         [0004]    Therefore, a need exists for an improved worklight assembly that can eliminate the disadvantages of conventional worklight assemblies. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    The present invention attempts to satisfy the above-described need by providing worklight assemblies having enhanced capabilities over conventional worklight assemblies. The worklight assemblies generally reduce clutter and improve safety, save space at a worksite, include features that allow individual worklight heads to be removed one at a time, and include mount systems that allow precise adjustment of the worklight heads over a wide range of rotation. 
         [0006]    In one aspect of the invention, the worklight assembly includes a fixture, such as a worklight stand, coupled to a worklight head. In one aspect, the fixture is a worklight stand having a vertical shaft and multiple legs coupled to the shaft, such as a tripod. In another aspect of the invention, the worklight stand includes a horizontal mounting shaft for coupling to a worklight head, a horizontal base portion positioned below the mounting shaft, and a connector shaft coupled to the mounting shaft and base portion. The fixture includes a power strip having electrical receptacles. In some aspects, the power strip is integral to the fixture. In other aspects, the power strip is coupled to the fixture by locking collars. A power cord extends from one end of the power strip to the worklight heads, and another power cord extends from the other end of the power strip and includes a plug. 
         [0007]    In another aspect of the invention, the worklight assembly includes a ball-type mount system. The ball-type mount system includes an outer casing having a substantially circular cross-section and an inner housing having a substantially spherical portion sized to fit within the outer casing. A locking mechanism is positioned within the inner housing. The locking mechanism includes a locking means, such as spikes, a knurled surface, a ball bearing, divots, and protrusions that engage the outer casing and lock the inner housing in place. The interior of the outer casing is configured to receive the locking means. In some aspects, the locking means include spikes or a knurled surface, and the interior of the outer casing includes a conformal coating. In other aspects, the locking means is a ball bearing, and the interior of the outer casing includes recesses configured to receive the ball bearing. In yet other aspects, the locking means include divots or protrusions, and the interior of the outer casing include a pattern corresponding to and configured to receive the divots protrusions. The locking mechanism engages the outer casing in the locked position and prevents movement of the spherical portion within the outer casing. The locking mechanism disengages the outer casing in the unlocked position and allows movement of the outer casing along the surface of the spherical portion of the inner housing. 
         [0008]    In yet another aspect of the invention, the worklight assembly includes a hinge and yoke system. The hinge and yoke system includes a horizontally extending longitudinal bar and a handle extending orthogonally from the bar. Two flanges extend from the bar at each end of the bar. Each flange includes a hinge portion that is hingedly coupled to a mounting plate. The mounting plate is movable relative to the flange. The mounting plate is configured to be releasably coupled to a worklight head. 
         [0009]    In yet another aspect of the invention, the worklight assembly includes a mounting assembly releasably coupled to a worklight, and a horizontally extending bar having a channel along the length of the bar. The channel is configured to receive a portion of the mounting assemblies. In one aspect, the mounting assembly is a T-slot and yoke system. The T-slot and yoke system includes a horizontally extending longitudinal bar and a handle extending orthogonally from the bar. Two first extensions extend orthogonally from each side of a flat surface of the bar along the length of the bar. Two second extensions extend orthogonally from the first extensions towards each other. The flat surface, first extensions, and second extensions form a channel for slidably receiving a mounting assembly. In certain aspects, the mounting assembly includes a washer assembly and a threaded knob. Upon tightening of the threaded knob, the washer assembly is forced against the second extensions of the channel, thus locking the mounting assembly in place. In another aspect, the mounting assembly includes a yoke system having a horizontally extending longitudinal bar and a C-shaped channel. Two first extensions extend orthogonally from each side of a flat surface of the bar along the length of the bar in a direction away from the handle. The flat surface and the first extensions form a C-shaped channel for receiving a worklight leg. The worklight leg can be rotated and locked into place within the C-shaped channel by a clamping bolt. 
         [0010]    In yet another aspect of the invention, the worklight assembly includes multi-axis friction clutch. The multi-axis friction clutch includes a clutch housing having a cylindrical first cavity and cylindrical second cavity perpendicular to the first cavity. The first cavity includes multiple stationary disks, a rotatable disk positioned between the at least two of the stationary disks, and a compressible disk positioned adjacent one of the stationary disks and a wall of the clutch housing. A shaft extends through openings in the clutch housing, stationary disks, rotatable disk, and compressible disk. The rotatable disk is keyed to engage and move with the shaft. The compressible disk applies a holding force on the disks and prevents the rotatable disk from moving independently without the application of a force. The shaft is configured to be coupled to a worklight head. A user can apply force to overcome the holding force to move the worklight head in a vertical direction. In some aspects of the invention, the second cavity includes multiple stationary disks, a rotatable disk positioned between at least two of the two stationary disks, and a compressible disk positioned adjacent one of the stationary disks and a wall of the clutch housing. A shaft extends through openings in the stationary disks, rotatable disk, and compressible disk. The rotatable disk is keyed to engage and move with the shaft. The compressible disk applies a holding force on the disks and prevents the rotatable disk from moving from moving independently without the application of a force. The shaft is configured to be coupled to a worklight frame. A user can apply force to overcome the holding force to move the worklight head in a horizontal direction. In certain aspects of the inventions, the compressible disks may be a compressed wave washer, a Bellville washer, or a compression spring. 
         [0011]    These and other aspects, objects, features, and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments exemplifying the best mode for carrying out the invention as presently perceived. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The foregoing and other features and aspects of the invention may be best understood with reference to the following description of certain exemplary embodiments, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. 
           [0013]      FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of a combination worklight and power strip system, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 1B  is a side view of section A-A of the exemplary worklight system of  FIG. 1A . 
           [0015]      FIG. 2A  is a front elevational view of an alternative combination worklight and power strip system, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 2B  is a right side elevational view of section A-A of the exemplary worklight system of  FIG. 2A . 
           [0017]      FIG. 2C  is a left side elevational view of section A-A of the exemplary worklight system of  FIG. 2A . 
           [0018]      FIG. 2D  is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of the exemplary worklight system of  FIG. 2A . 
           [0019]      FIG. 2E  is a front view of section C-C of the exemplary worklight system of  FIG. 2A . 
           [0020]      FIG. 2F  is a front elevational view of section D-D of the worklight system of  FIG. 2A , presenting caps on a power strip in the closed position. 
           [0021]      FIG. 2G  is a front elevational view of section A-A of the exemplary power strip of  FIG. 2F , presenting the cap on the power strip in the open position. 
           [0022]      FIG. 2H  is a side view of section A-A of the exemplary power strip of  FIG. 2F , presenting the cap on the power strip in the open position. 
           [0023]      FIG. 3  is a front elevational view of yet another combination worklight and power strip system, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0024]      FIG. 4A  is an exploded view showing components of a ball-type mount system for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0025]      FIG. 4B  is a perspective view of the exemplary ball-type mount system of  FIG. 4A , in an assembled state, with an outer ball assembly removed. 
           [0026]      FIG. 4C  is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary ball-type mount system of  FIG. 4B , in the locked position. 
           [0027]      FIG. 4D  is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary ball-type mount system of  FIG. 4B , in the unlocked position. 
           [0028]      FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of another ball-type mount system for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0029]      FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of still another ball-type mount system for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0030]      FIG. 7A  is a perspective view of a hinge and yoke system for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0031]      FIG. 7B  is a perspective view of the exemplary hinge and yoke system of  FIG. 7A , coupled to two worklight heads. 
           [0032]      FIG. 7C  is a perspective view of the exemplary hinge and yoke system coupled of  FIG. 7B , coupled to a tripod, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 7D  is a perspective view of the exemplary hinge and yoke system of  FIG. 7C , according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0034]      FIG. 7E  is a perspective view of the exemplary hinge and yoke system of  FIG. 7C , according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 8A  is a perspective view of a T-slot lock and yoke system for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0036]      FIG. 8B  is a perspective view of the T-slot lock and yoke system of  FIG. 8A  coupled to two worklight assemblies, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0037]      FIG. 8C  is a perspective view of the exemplary T-slot lock and yoke system of  FIG. 8B , coupled to a tripod, according to an exemplary embodiment. of the present invention 
           [0038]      FIG. 8D  is a perspective view of the exemplary T-slot lock and yoke system of  FIG. 8C , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0039]      FIG. 9A  is an exploded view of a multi-axis friction clutch for a worklight assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0040]      FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional assembly view of the exemplary multi-axis friction clutch of  FIG. 9A . 
           [0041]      FIG. 9C  is a back perspective view of an exemplary worklight head coupled to the multi-axis friction clutch shown in  FIG. 9A , according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0042]      FIG. 10A  is a perspective view of a worklight assembly having rotatable legs, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0043]      FIG. 10B  is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of the exemplary worklight assembly of  FIG. 10A . 
           [0044]      FIG. 10C  is a perspective view of the worklight assembly of  FIG. 10A , mounted to a tripod with the legs in a folded position. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0045]    Portable worklight assemblies described herein have enhanced capabilities over conventional worklight assemblies. Some of the embodiments described reduce clutter and save space at the worksite. Other embodiments allow a user to adjust the direction of a worklight head as desired with more precision and over an increased range of rotation over conventional worklight assemblies. Yet other embodiments allow a user to remove one individual worklight head at a time if needed for replacement, thus eliminating the need for replacing an entire worklight assembly if one worklight head malfunctions. 
         [0046]    The invention may be better understood by reading the following description of non-limitative, exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings wherein like parts of each of the figures are identified by the same reference characters. 
         [0047]      FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of a worklight system  100 , according to an exemplary embodiment.  FIG. 1B  is a side view of a section A-A of the exemplary worklight system  100  of  FIG. 1A . Referring now to  FIGS. 1A and 1B , the exemplary worklight system  100  includes two worklight heads  102  for providing lighting to a work area (not shown). Each of the worklight heads  102  are detachably mounted to a worklight tripod  104 . In some embodiments, the worklight heads  102  are mounted to the worklight tripod  104  by a yoke system and threaded knobs. In one exemplary embodiment, each worklight head  102  includes a worklight housing having an open end, a lamp disposed within the worklight housing and a protective cage positioned along the open end of the worklight housing. The protective cage is typically adjustable from an open configuration, that provides access to the open end of the worklight housing, to a closed configuration, that limits some access to the open end of the worklight housing from an exterior of the housing. 
         [0048]    A power strip  110  is coupled to the tripod  104  by a moving collar  112  and a tripod leg mount  114 . The moving collar  112  is fixed to a first end  110   a  of the power strip  110  and is movably coupled around a shaft  104   a  of the tripod  104 . The tripod leg mount  114  is fixed to a second end  110   b  of the power strip  110  and is fixedly coupled to the shaft  104   a  at a position below legs  104   b  of the tripod  104 . The moving collar  112  aids in stabilizing the power strip  110  along the shaft  104   a  of the tripod  104  to reduce the chance of tripod tip-over, and slides along the shaft  104   a  when the tripod  104  is collapsed for storage. 
         [0049]    The exemplary power strip  110  includes four plug receptacles  120  aligned linearly adjacent to one another, and housed within a casing  122 . In certain alternative embodiments, the power strip  110  includes six plug receptacles  120  configured in one row of six or two rows of three. In other alternative embodiments, the power strip  110  includes eight plug receptacles  120  configured in one row of eight or two rows of four. One having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that any number of plug receptacles  120  may be included in the power strip  110 , and arranged in a number of configurations. While the plug receptacles  120  shown in  FIG. 1A  are compatible with a standard U.S. plug, one having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the plug receptacles  120  can be shaped and arranged in any suitable manner to accommodate the shape and arrangement of contact and ground pins of a desired plug to be coupled therewith. 
         [0050]    A first cable  130  is electrically coupled to the power strip  110  at the first end  110   a , and a second cable  140  is electrically coupled to the power strip  110  at the second end  110   b . The first cable  130  extends from the first end  110   a  of the power strip  110  to power the worklight heads  102 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the first cable  130  extends from the first end  110   a  of the power strip  110  to a Y-junction and then splits off to each of the worklight heads  102 . The second cable  140  includes a plug (not shown) and extends from the second end  110   b  of the power strip  110  to a wall receptacle (not shown) for power. When the plug of the second cable  140  is inserted into a receptacle providing power, power is supplied to the worklight system  100 . Additional power tools (not shown) adjacent to the area where work is being undertaken are capable of being plugged into the power strip  110  for powering these tools. As a result, the present configuration decreases clutter and provides improved safety around the worksite by eliminating the need for a separate, unsecured power strip to be used in conjunction with the worklights and tripod stand. 
         [0051]      FIGS. 2A-2C  are different view an alternative worklight system  200 , according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Now referring to  FIGS. 2A-2C , the worklight system  200  includes a worklight head  202  that provides lighting to a work area. The worklight head  202  is mounted to a top portion  204   a  of a stand  204 . From the horizontally aligned top portion  204   a  of the stand  204  extends a middle portion  204   b  at an angle of about 45 degrees downward towards a base portion  204   c . In one exemplary embodiment, the base portion  204   c  is U-shaped, with the free end  204   d  of the base portion  204   c  being aligned with the top portion  204   a ; however, bases of other shapes are within the spirit and scope of this invention. 
         [0052]    A power strip  210  is coupled to the stand  204  by collars  212  and  214 . The collar  212  is coupled to a first end  210   a  of the power strip  210  and around the middle portion  204   b  of the stand  204 . The collar  214  is coupled to a second end  210   b  of the power strip  210  and around the base portion  204   c  of the stand  204 . In certain alternative exemplary embodiments, the collars  212 ,  214  are coupled to the top portion  104   a  of the stand  104 . In one exemplary embodiment, the power strip  210  includes four plug receptacles  220 , as shown in  FIG. 2G , aligned linearly adjacent to one another, and housed within a casing  222 . One having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that any number of plug receptacles  220  may be included in the power strip  210 , and arranged in a number of configurations. The power strip  210  includes a corresponding number of caps  224  for covering the plug receptacles  220 . 
         [0053]    A first cable  230  is electrically coupled to the power strip  210  at the first end  210   a , and a second cable  240  is electrically coupled to the power strip  210  at the second end  210   b . The first cable  230  extends from the first end  210   a  of the power strip  210  to power the worklight head  202 . The second cable  240  includes a plug (not shown) and extends from the second end  210   b  of the power strip  210  to a wall receptacle (not shown) for power. When the plug of the second cable  240  is inserted into a receptacle providing power, power is supplied to the worklight system  200 . Additional power tools adjacent to the area where work is being undertaken are plugged into the power strip  210  and power is supplied to these tools through the power strip  210 . As a result, the present configuration decreases clutter and provides improved safety around the worksite by eliminating the need for a separate, unsecured power strip  210  to be used in conjunction with the worklights and tripod stand. 
         [0054]      FIG. 2D  is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of the exemplary worklight system  200  of  FIG. 2A .  FIG. 2E  is a front view of section C-C of the exemplary worklight system  200  of  FIG. 2A .  FIG. 2F  is a front elevational view of section D-D of the worklight system  200  of  FIG. 2A .  FIG. 2G  is a front elevational view of a section A-A of the power strip  210  of  FIG. 2F .  FIG. 2H  is a side view of the section A-A of the power strip  210  of  FIG. 2F . Referring now to  FIGS. 2D-2H , the exemplary collar  214  is substantially circular with an opening from which two extensions  214   a ,  214   b  extend. A flange  226   a  is positioned between the two extensions  214   a ,  214   b  and a screw  228  extends through openings (not shown) in the extensions  214   a ,  214   b  and the flange  226   a  to secure the power strip  210  to the collar  214 . In  FIG. 2E , the collar  212  is substantially similar to the collar  214 , of  FIG. 2D , and is coupled to the stand  204  in the same or substantially similar manner. The stand  204  includes a recess  232 . The recess  232  provides clearance between the collar  212  for the power strip  210  and support stand  204  on which the worklight head  202  rests. 
         [0055]    The exemplary power strip  210  further includes four caps  224 . Each cap  224  is capable of covering at least one of the plug receptacles  220  that are housed within the casing  222 . In one exemplary embodiment, the caps  224  are pivotally mounted to the power strip  210  by hinges  242 . The hinges  242  are fixedly coupled to the casing  222  of the power strip  210 . The cap  224  swings back along the hinge  242  to a side of the casing  222 , and allows access to the plug receptacle  220 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the plug receptacle  220  is surrounded by a rubber seal  244  that seals a plug upon insertion into the plug receptacle  220  and prevents water entry into the plug receptacle  220 . As shown in  FIG. 2H , the exemplary cap  224  swings back along the hinge  242  to a side  222   a  of the casing  222 . In one exemplary embodiment, the cap  224  includes a silicone seal  224   a  that seals the plug receptacle  220  when the cap  224  is in the closed position, and prevents water entry to the plug receptacle  220 . 
         [0056]      FIG. 3  is a front elevational view of yet another alternative worklight system  300 , according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Turning now to  FIG. 3 , the exemplary worklight system  300  includes two worklight heads  302  for providing lighting to a work area (not shown). Each of the worklight heads  302  are detachably mounted to a worklight tripod  304 . A power strip  310  is integrally mounted within a shaft  304   a  of the tripod  304 . In one exemplary embodiment, the power strip  310  includes four plug receptacles  320  aligned linearly adjacent to one another. Alternatively, one having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that any number and configuration of plug receptacles  320  are within the scope and spirit of this invention and may be included in the power strip  310 . While the exemplary plug receptacles  320  shown are compatible with a standard U.S. plug, one having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the plug receptacles  320  can be shaped and arranged in any suitable manner to accommodate the shape and arrangement of contact and ground pins of a desired plug to be used. 
         [0057]    A cable  340  is electrically coupled to the power strip  310  within the shaft  304   a . The cable  340  extends from the shaft  304   a  to an exterior via an opening  304   c  in the shaft  304   a  proximate the tripod legs  304   b . In certain exemplary embodiments, the cable  340  is retractable. The cable  340  includes a plug  340   a  configured to be inserted into a wall receptacle (not shown) for power. When the plug  340   a  is inserted into the wall receptacle, power is supplied to the worklight system  300 . Additional power tools adjacent to the area where work is being undertaken are plugged into the power strip  310  for powering these tools. As a result, the present configuration decreases clutter and provides improved safety around the worksite. 
         [0058]      FIGS. 4A-4D  are several views of a ball-type mount system  400 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Now referring to  FIGS. 4A-4D , the exemplary ball-type mount system  400  includes a hollow inner ball  410 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the inner ball  410  is constructed from a rigid material, such as plastic or a metal. The inner ball  410  includes a spherical portion  412  and two substantially square-shaped openings  414  positioned opposite one another on the spherical portion  412 . In certain alternative embodiments, the openings  414  can have any other shape, such as a circle, triangle, hexagon, and any other geometric shape. In certain embodiments, the openings  414  may be asymmetric. One having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the openings  414  can be configured any number of ways. The inner ball  410  also includes a hollow cylindrical protrusion  416  extending orthogonally, or substantially orthogonally, outward from the inner ball  410  at a position between the openings  414 . 
         [0059]    The ball-type mount system  400  also includes a hollow outer ball assembly  420  sized to fit over the inner ball  410 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the outer ball assembly  420  includes two halves coupled together. In certain embodiments, the two halves of the outer ball assembly  420  are secured together by recessed fasteners. The outer ball assembly  420  includes a conformal coating, such as rubber or other elastomeric material, on an interior  420   a  of the outer ball assembly  420 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the exterior  420   b  of the outer ball assembly  420  is constructed from a rigid material, such as plastic or a metal. In certain alternative embodiments, the interior  420   a  of the outer ball assembly  420  includes a series of divots (not shown) configured to receive corresponding divots (not shown) or knob-like protrusions (not shown) on spike plungers  460 . Each half of the outer ball assembly  420  includes a semi-circular opening sized to fit around the cylindrical protrusion  416  of the inner ball  410 . 
         [0060]    The ball-type mount system  400  also includes a plunger lever  430  configured to engage a slide rod  440 , a slide pin  450 , and two spike plungers  460 . In one exemplary embodiment, the plunger lever  430  is rectangular-shaped and includes U-shaped notches  432  positioned opposite one another proximate to each end of the plunger lever  430 ; however plunger levers  430  having other geometric and non-geometric shapes, such as a square or a circle, are within the scope of this invention. The plunger lever  430  also includes an aperture  434  positioned substantially in the center of the plunger lever  430 . The plunger lever  430  further includes an aperture  436  positioned adjacent the aperture  434 . 
         [0061]    The slide rod  440  includes a cylindrical base  442  having a first end  444   a  and a second end  444   b , and an extension  446  extending from a center  448  of the base  442 . The extension  446  is sized to fit within the aperture  434  of the plunger lever  430 . The slide pin  450  includes a cylindrical rod  452  and a pin  454  positioned orthogonally to the rod  452  at an end of the rod  452 . The pin  454  is sized to fit within the aperture  436  of the plunger lever  430 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the cylindrical rod  452  is coupled to a pull knob (not shown) or cable (not shown) accessible to a user. 
         [0062]    Each of the exemplary spike plungers  460  includes a base portion  462  having a square cross-section sized to fit within the square-shaped openings  414  on the inner ball  410 . The spike plungers  460  also include spikes  464  on an end  466  thereof. In certain alternative embodiments, the spikes  464  are replaced by a knurled surface, or a series of divots or knob-like protrusions. On an end  468  opposite the end  466 , the spike plungers  460  include an opening  470  having a biasing spring (not shown) disposed within. The openings  470  receive the first end  444   a  or the second end  444   b  of the slide rod  440 . Each of the spike plungers  460  also includes a pin  474  extending from a side  476  of the spike plunger  460  adjacent to the end  468 . The pins  474  are sized to engage the notches  432  of the plunger lever  430 . 
         [0063]    As seen in  FIG. 4B  the end  466  of the spike plunger  460  is aligned with the surface of the spherical portion  412  of the inner ball  410 , and the spikes  464  protrude from the end  466  of the spike plunger  460 . Furthermore, as seen in  FIGS. 4C and 4D , the extension  446  ( FIG. 4A ) of the slide rod  440  is positioned within the aperture  434  ( FIG. 4A ) of the plunger lever  430 . The pin  454  ( FIG. 4A ) of the slide pin  450  is positioned within the aperture  436  ( FIG. 4A ) of the plunger lever  430 . The cylindrical rod  452  of the slide pin  450  partially extends into the cylindrical protrusion  416  of the inner ball  410 . The first end  444   a  and the second end  444   b  of the slide rod  440  are positioned within the openings  470  in the spike plungers  460 . The end  466  of the spike plungers  460  are positioned in the openings  414  of the inner ball  410 . The outer ball assembly  420  surrounds the spherical portion  412  of the inner ball  410 . 
         [0064]    In the locked position, as shown in  FIG. 4C , the plunger lever  430  is aligned with the cylindrical base  442  of the slide rod  440 . The spikes  464  of the spike plungers  460  protrude from the inner ball  410  and grip the interior  420   a  of the outer ball assembly  420 , thus locking the inner ball  410  in place within the outer ball assembly  420 . 
         [0065]    In the unlocked position, as shown in  FIG. 4D , a user pulls on the pull knob (not shown) or cable (not shown), thus shifting the cylindrical rod  452  of the slide pin  450  away from the spherical portion  412  of the inner ball  410 , and further into the cylindrical protrusion  416  of the inner ball  410 . As a result, the plunger lever  430  rotates about the center  448  of the slide rod  440 . Upon rotation of the plunger lever  430 , the biasing springs are compressed within the openings  470  and the spike plungers  460  are pulled into the interior of the spherical portion  412 , thus disengaging the spikes  464  from the outer ball assembly  420 . Disengagement of the spikes  464  from the outer ball assembly  420  allows the outer ball assembly  420  to rotate freely with multiple degrees of freedom. In order to lock the ball-type mount system  400 , the user simply releases the pull knob or cable. The biasing springs disposed in the openings  470  force the spike plungers  460  outwards into the locked position. 
         [0066]      FIG. 4E  is a perspective view of the exemplary ball-type mount system  400  of  FIG. 4A-4D  coupled to a worklight head  402  and mounted to a frame  404 . The worklight head  402  includes a bracket  406  for releasable attachment to the outer ball assembly  420 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the outer ball assembly  420  is provided with screw bosses projecting from the exterior  420   b  of the outer ball assembly  420 . In certain embodiments, the screw bosses attach to features in the casting of the worklight housing or an additional bracket. 
         [0067]    Upon unlocking the ball-type mount system  400 , as described with respect to  FIG. 4D , the outer ball assembly  420  is free to move, thereby allowing a user to adjust the worklight head  402  to a desired direction. Once adjusted, the user releases the pull knob or cable to lock the ball-type mount system  400  and prevent the worklight head  402  from shifting. 
         [0068]      FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of another ball-type mount system  500  for a worklight assembly, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring now to  FIG. 5 , the ball-type mount system  500  is similar to the ball-type mount system  400  of  FIG. 4A , the difference being in the mechanism by which the spike plungers  460  are retracted. The ball-type mount system  500  includes a hollow inner ball  510 , similar to the hollow inner ball  410  of  FIG. 4A . The inner ball  510  includes a spherical portion  512  and two square-shaped openings  514  positioned opposite one another on the spherical portion  512 . The inner ball  510  also includes a hollow cylindrical protrusion  516  extending orthogonally outward from the inner ball  510  at a position between the openings  514 . The ball-type mount system  500  also includes a hollow outer ball assembly  520 , similar to the outer ball assembly  420  of  FIG. 4A , and sized to fit around the inner ball  510 . 
         [0069]    The ball-type mount system  500  also includes a spring  530 , two rods  540 , a slide pin  550 , and two spike plungers  560 . The spike plungers are similar to the spike plungers  460  of  FIG. 4A . The spring  530  is coupled to each of the spike plungers  560  and biases the spike plungers  560  away from each other. Each of the spike plungers  560  is also coupled to one of the rods  540 . The rods  540  are movably coupled to the slide pin  550 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the slide pin  550  is also coupled to a pull knob or a cable accessible to a user. 
         [0070]    In the locked position, spikes  564  extending from the spike plungers  560  protrude from the inner ball  510  and grip an interior  520   a  of the outer ball assembly  520 , thus locking the inner ball  510  in place within the outer ball assembly  520 . In order to unlock the ball-type mount system  500 , a user must pull on the pull knob or cable, thus shifting the slide pin  550  away from the spherical portion  512  of the inner ball  510 , and further into the cylindrical protrusion  516  of the inner ball  510 . As a result, the two rods  540  shift towards each other and the spring  530  is compressed. Upon compression of the spring  530 , the spike plungers  560  are pulled into the interior of the spherical portion  512 , thus disengaging the spikes  564  from the outer ball assembly  520 . Disengagement of the spikes  564  from the outer ball assembly  520  allows the outer ball assembly  520  to rotate freely with multiple degrees of freedom. In order to lock the ball-type mount system  500 , the user simply releases the pull knob or cable and the spring  530  biases the spike plungers  560  into the locked position. 
         [0071]      FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of still another ball-type mount system  600  for a worklight assembly, according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to  FIG. 6 , the exemplary ball-type mount system  600  includes a hollow inner ball  610  that includes a spherical portion  612  and a cylindrical protrusion  616  extending orthogonally outward from the spherical portion  612 . The inner ball  610  is similar to the inner ball  410  of  FIG. 4A , the difference being that instead of the openings  414 , the inner ball  610  includes a circular opening  614  opposite the cylindrical protrusion  616 . 
         [0072]    The exemplary ball-type mount system  600  includes a hollow outer ball assembly  620  sized to fit over the spherical portion  612 . The outer ball assembly  620  is similar to the outer ball assembly  420  of  FIG. 4A , the difference being that the outer ball assembly  620  includes a series of semi-circular recesses  622  spaced apart along an interior  620   a  of the outer ball assembly  620 . The ball-type mount system  600  also includes a spring  630  housed within a cylindrical receptacle  640 . The receptacle  640  extends from the opening  614  into the spherical portion  612 . The ball-type mount system  600  further includes a ball bearing  660 . In the locked position, the ball bearing  660  rests within the opening  614  between the spring  630  and one of the recesses  622 . The spring  630  applies a locking force on the ball bearing  660 , thus preventing the outer ball assembly  620  from rotating about the inner ball  610 . In certain exemplary embodiments, a set screw (not shown) is included to increase the locking force of the spring  630  on the ball bearing  660 . To unlock the ball-type mount system  600 , a user applies sufficient force to overcome the locking force and move the outer ball assembly  620  so that the ball bearing  660  can engage another recess  622 . In response, the user is able to adjust the direction of a worklight head (not shown) as desired. 
         [0073]      FIGS. 7A-7E  are multiple views of a hinge and yoke system  700 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Turning to  FIGS. 7A-7E , the exemplary hinge and yoke system  700  is configured to be coupled to two worklight heads  702 . The hinge and yoke system  700  includes a handle  710  coupled to a bar  712 . The bar  712  includes two flanges  714  extending from and orthogonal to the bar  712  at each end. A steel tube sleeve  720  for connecting to a tripod  706  is coupled to the bar  712  on a side opposite the handle  710 . In one exemplary embodiment, the steel tube sleeve  720  is welded to the bar  712 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the steel tube sleeve  720  includes a threaded knob  722  that goes into a threaded hole (not shown) in the sleeve  720  and secures the hinge and yoke system  700  to the tripod  706 . 
         [0074]    In one exemplary embodiment, each of the flanges  714  includes a fixed hinge portion  730  extending therefrom. The fixed hinge portion  730  is coupled to a movable hinge portion  732  by a removable hinge pin  734 . Each of the movable hinge portions  732  includes a flange  738 . Each of the flanges  738  includes a threaded knob  740  that goes into a threaded hole (not shown) in the worklight head  702  and secures the hinge and yoke system  700  to the worklight heads  702 . 
         [0075]    As seen in  FIG. 7B , the worklight heads  702  are mounted to a top portion  704   a  of a stand  704 . The stand  704  is similar to the stand  204  of  FIG. 2A . The steel tube sleeve  720  receives shaft  706   a  of the tripod  706 , and is secured in place by the threaded knob  722  that goes into a threaded hole in the sleeve  720 . The exemplary worklight heads  702  as shown in  FIG. 7C  provide light in a same direction. However, as shown in  FIG. 7D , one of the worklight heads  702  rotates about the hinge pin  734  so as to provide light in a direction different from the other worklight head  702 . In addition, as shown in  FIG. 7E , one or more of the worklight heads  702  are capable of being rotated upwards or downwards by loosening the threaded knob  740 , adjusting the worklight head  702  to a desired direction, and then tightening the threaded knob  740  to secure the worklight head  702  in place. 
         [0076]    The exemplary worklight heads  702  as shown and described in  FIGS. 7A-7E , are able to have the same axis of rotation due to incorporation of the fixed hinge portion  730 , movable hinge portion  732 , and hinge pin  734  that are coupled to the bar  712  on either side. In addition, each of the worklight heads  702  can be removed from the hinge and yoke system  700  by removing the hinge pin  734  and disconnecting the fixed hinge portion  730  from the movable hinge portion  732 . Therefore, each of the worklight heads  702  function as individual units outside of being mounted to the hinge and yoke system  700 . As a result, instead of having to purchase a new tripod worklight unit when one of the worklight heads  702  becomes non-operational, an individual worklight head  702  is purchased to replace the broken worklight and save on the cost of a more expensive product. Another benefit of the present invention is that it provides the user with the ability to remove one individual worklight head  702  at a time, which allows for the use of just a single worklight head away from the tripod and/or yoke mount if that is all that is needed. 
         [0077]      FIGS. 8A-8D  present multiple views of a T-slot lock and yoke system  800 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Turning to  FIGS. 8A-8D , the exemplary T-slot lock and yoke system  800  is configured to be coupled to two worklight heads  802 . The T-slot lock and yoke system  800  includes a handle  810  coupled to a crossbar  812 . A steel tube sleeve  820  for connecting to a tripod  806  ( FIG. 8C ) is welded to the crossbar  812  on a side opposite the handle  810 . The steel tube sleeve  820  includes a threaded knob  822  that goes into a threaded hole (not shown) in the sleeve  820  and secures the T-slot lock and yoke system  800  to the tripod  806 . 
         [0078]    The crossbar  812  includes a flat surface  812   a  having two first extensions  812   b  extending orthogonally upwards. Two second extensions  812   c  extend orthogonally from the extensions  812   b  towards a centerline extending vertically from the flat surface  812   a . The flat surface  812   a , first extensions  812   b , and second extensions  812   c  form a channel  830  for receiving a washer assembly  832 . A threaded knob  834  goes into a threaded hole (not shown) in the washer assembly  832 . 
         [0079]    Each worklight head  802  includes a mounting bar  840 . In one exemplary embodiment, the mounting bar  840  is sandwiched between the washer assembly  832  and the threaded knob  834  extending therethough. As the threaded knob  834  is tightened, the washer assembly  832  is forced upward along the threads (not shown) and applies an upward force against the second extensions  812   c  of the channel  830  and sandwiches at least a portion of the second extensions  812   c  between the washer assembly  832  and the mounting bar  840 , while the bottom of the threaded rod  834  pushes against the flat surface  812   a  of the channel  830 . This tightening of the threaded knob  834  holds the worklight heads  802  firmly in place. 
         [0080]    To remove one of the worklight heads  802 , the threaded knob  834  is loosened, causing the washer assembly  832  to move down the threaded knob  834  and reducing the force being applied by the washer assembly  832  to the second extensions  812   c , thereby making washer assembly  832  free to move. The worklight head  802 , and more particularly the washer assembly  832  then slides along and out of the channel  830 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the worklight heads  802  are also coupled to a stand  804 . In certain embodiments, the stand  804  includes two feet  804   a  that allow the worklight heads  802  to stand independently when removed from the channel  830 . 
         [0081]    In  FIG. 8D , one of the worklight heads  802  is shown rotated 90 degrees and repositioned on the T-slot lock and yoke system  800  to direct light in a direction different from the other worklight head  802 . The worklight head  802  is locked in place by tightening the threaded knob  834 , and securing the washer assembly  832  ( FIG. 8A ) firmly within the channel  830 . 
         [0082]    Each of the worklight heads  802  function as individual units outside of being mounted to the T-slot lock and yoke system  800 . Therefore, instead of having to purchase a new tripod worklight unit when one of the worklight heads  802  becomes non-operational, an individual worklight head  802  is purchased to replace the broken worklight and save on the cost of a more expensive product. Another benefit of the present invention is that it provides the ability to remove one individual worklight head  802  at a time, which allows for users to have just a single fixture if that is all that is needed separate from the tripod and/or yoke mount. 
         [0083]    A multi-axis friction clutch allows for the adjustment and positioning of a worklight within a substantially 360 degree range of rotation.  FIG. 9A  is an exploded view of a multi-axis friction clutch  900  and  FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional assembly view of the multi-axis friction clutch  900 , each according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. The multi-axis friction clutch  900  includes a two-piece clutch housing  910 . When the two pieces of the clutch housing are assembled, the clutch housing  910  includes a cylindrical hollow top portion  910   a  coupled orthogonally to a cylindrical hollow bottom portion  910   b  open at one end. The top portion  910   a  includes an aperture  912  extending through a center of the top portion  910   a.    
         [0084]    The multi-axis friction clutch  900  includes two stationary disks  920  and  922 , a rotatable disk  924 , and a compressed wave washer  926  positioned within the top portion  910   a  of the clutch housing  910 . The rotatable disk  924  is positioned between the two stationary disks  920  and  922 . The wave washer  926  is adjacent the stationary disk  922 . Each of the stationary disks  920 ,  922  includes an opening  920   a ,  922   a , respectively, in a center thereof. The rotatable disk  924  includes a keyed opening  924   a  in a center thereof. The rotatable disk  924  is keyed to rotate with a rotatable shaft  930 . The compressed wave washer  926  includes an opening  926   a  in a center thereof. 
         [0085]    The multi-axis friction clutch  900  also includes the rotatable shaft  930  shaped to engage the keyed opening  924   a  of the rotatable disk  924 . In certain alternative embodiments, the rotatable shaft  930  includes a nylon bushing (not shown) to hold the rotatable shaft  930  in place. The rotatable shaft  930  is positioned within the aperture  912  of the clutch housing  910 , the opening  920   a  of the stationary disk  920 , the opening  922   a  of the stationary disk  922 , the keyed opening  924   a  of the rotatable disk  924 , and the opening  926   a  of the wave washer  926 . The stationary disks  920 ,  922  are held stationary relative to the clutch housing  910  by features (not shown) included in the clutch housing  910 . In certain exemplary embodiments, sections of the clutch housing  910  include integrated ribs which lock into keyway features on the stationary disks  920 ,  922 , and lock the disks stationary to the clutch housing  910 . In alternative embodiments, a rod may be used in place of integral ribs to secure the stationary disks  920 ,  922  to the clutch housing  910 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the stationary disks  920 ,  922 , and the rotatable disk  924  are fabricated from acetal or steel. 
         [0086]    The compressed wave washer  926  generates an axial holding force against the stationary disks  920 ,  922 , and the rotatable disk  924 , and keeps the rotatable disk  924  in a locked position. In certain alternative embodiments, the wave washer  926  is replaced by a Bellville washer or a compression spring. 
         [0087]    The multi-axis friction clutch  900  also includes two stationary disks  940 ,  942 , a rotatable disk  944 , and a compressed wave washer  946  positioned within the bottom portion  910   b  of the clutch housing  910 . The rotatable disk  944  is positioned between the two stationary disks  940 ,  942 . The wave washer  946  is adjacent the stationary disk  942 . A clutch cap  960  is coupled to the bottom portion  910   b  to encapsulate the stationary disks  940 ,  942 , the rotatable disk  944 , and the compressed wave washer  946  within the bottom portion  910   b . The clutch cap  960  also includes attachment means  960   b  for affixing the multi-axis friction clutch  900  to a worklight frame  970 , as shown in  FIG. 9C . Each of the stationary disks  940 ,  942  includes an opening  940   a ,  942   a , respectively, in a center thereof. The rotatable disk  944  includes a keyed opening  944   a  positioned in the center. In one exemplary embodiment, the rotatable disk  944  is keyed to rotate with a shaft  950   b  of a rotatable pin  950 . The compressed wave washer  946  includes an opening  946   a  in a center thereof. The clutch cap  960  includes an opening  960   a  positioned in its center. 
         [0088]    The multi-axis friction clutch  900  further includes the rotatable pin  950  having a head  950   a  and a shaft  950   b  shaped to engage the keyed opening  944   a  of the rotatable disk  944 . The head  950   a  is positioned between the stationary disk  940  and a wall  910   c  of the bottom portion  910   b . The shaft  950   b  is positioned within the opening  940   a  of the stationary disk  940 , the opening  942   a  of the stationary disk  942 , the keyed opening  944   a  of the rotatable disk  944 , the opening  946   a  of the wave washer  946 , and the opening  960   a  of the clutch cap  960 . The stationary disks  940 ,  942  are held stationary relative to the clutch housing  910  by features (not shown) included in the clutch housing  910 . In certain exemplary embodiments, sections of the clutch housing  910  include integrated ribs which lock into keyway features on the stationary disks  940 ,  942  and lock the disks  940 ,  942  stationary to the clutch housing  910 . In alternative embodiments, a rod may be used in place of integral ribs to secure the stationary disks  940 ,  942  to the clutch housing  910 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the stationary disks  940 ,  942 , and the rotatable disk  944  are fabricated from acetal or steel. 
         [0089]    In operation, the compressed wave washer  946  generates an axial holding force against the stationary disks  940 ,  942 , and the rotatable disk  944 , and keeps the rotatable disk  944  in a locked position. In certain alternative embodiments, the wave washer  946  is replaced by a Bellville washer or a compression spring. 
         [0090]    Turning to  FIG. 9C , the multi-axis friction clutch  900  is mounted to the worklight frame  970  by screws  972  extending through the attachment means  960   b  of the clutch cap  960 . One having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the multi-axis friction clutch  900  can be mounted to the worklight frame  970  in any number of ways. In one exemplary embodiment, the worklight  902  is coupled to the multi-axis friction clutch  900  by the rotatable shaft  930 . Once mounted, the worklight  902  is turned left or right relative to the worklight frame  970  by applying enough force to overcome the holding force of the compressed wave washer  946  ( FIG. 9A ). The worklight  902  is also turned about the rotatable shaft  930  by applying enough force to overcome the holding force of the compressed wave washer  926  ( FIG. 9A ). 
         [0091]    In certain alternative embodiments of the present invention, the rotatable disks  924 ,  944  are held in place by features in the clutch housing  910 , thus eliminating the need for the rotatable shaft  930  or rotatable pin  950 , respectively. In addition, alternative embodiments of the multi-axis friction clutch  900  include a knob (not shown) that allows a user to calibrate the holding force against the disks by tightening or loosening the knob. 
         [0092]    As a result, the worklight  902  is directed to a desired direction without having to move or tilt an entire worklight fixture (not shown). The multi-axis friction clutch  900  of the present invention eliminates the need for adjusting knobs, where the user must take care in positioning the lamp, including over compensating lamp position as the knobs are being tightened. The exemplary multi-axis friction clutch  900  is also superior to conventional detent methods in that the multi-axis friction clutch  900  is not limited to specific angles of direction, depending on the allowable detent spacing. Instead, the exemplary multi-axis friction clutch  900  allows a substantially full 360 degree range of rotation in both the horizontal and vertical planes. 
         [0093]      FIG. 10A  is a perspective view of a worklight assembly  1000 , according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 10B  is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of the exemplary worklight assembly  1000  shown in  FIG. 10A . Referring to  FIGS. 10A-10B , the worklight assembly  1000  includes two worklight heads  1002 , each head  1002  providing lighting to a work area. Each of the worklight heads  1002  are mounted to a yoke system  1008 . The yoke system  1008  includes a handle  1010  coupled to a crossbar  1012 . The crossbar  1012  includes a flat surface  1012   a  having two extensions  1012   b  extending orthogonally therefrom in a direction away from the handle  1010 . The flat surface  1012   a  and extensions  1012   b  form a C-shaped channel  1030  that is open along the bottom surface. 
         [0094]    A steel tube sleeve  1020  for connecting to a tripod  1006  ( FIG. 10B ) is welded to the crossbar  1012  on a side opposite the handle  1010 . The steel tube sleeve  1020  includes a threaded knob  1022  that is positionable within a threaded hole (not shown) in the sleeve  1020  and secures the yoke system  1008  to the tripod  1006 . 
         [0095]    Each worklight head  1002  also includes a mounting bar  1040  that is sandwiched between the flat surface  1012   a  of the crossbar  1012  and a threaded knob  1034  extending therethough. The threaded knob  1034  also secures a leg  1036  to each worklight head  1002  via a threaded nut  1060 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the legs  1036  include rubber coverings, or feet,  1050 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the legs  1036  are angled at a 70 degrees from the crossbar  1012 . In certain alternative embodiments, the legs  1036  may be positioned at an angle in the range from about 0-180 degrees offset from the crossbar  1012 . In certain exemplary embodiments, the crossbar  1012  has a pair of cutouts  1070  in each extension  1012   b  capable of receiving a portion of one of the legs  1036  so as to position the legs  1036  at an angle to the crossbar between 0-180 degrees. The legs  1036  provide stability and support for the worklight heads  1002  and the crossbar  1012  when placed on the ground or other surface. 
         [0096]      FIG. 10C  is a perspective view of the worklight assembly  1000  mounted to a tripod  1006 . In this view, each leg  1036  of the worklight assembly  1000  is rotated to a desired position by loosening the threaded knobs  1034  and rotating the leg  1036 . The legs  1036  are adjusted to be aligned with and disposed all or at least a portion within the C-shaped channel  1030  of the crossbar  1012 . The threaded knobs  1034  are then tightened again to lock the legs  1036  in place within the C-shaped channel. In certain exemplary embodiments, the worklight leg are locked into place within the C-shaped channel by a clamping bolt. Thus, when the legs  1036  are in line with the C-shaped channel  1030  as shown, the present invention allows space to be saved at the worksite. 
         [0097]    Generally, the features of the worklight assemblies of the present invention may decrease clutter and thus provide improved safety around a worksite, allow a user to adjust the direction of a worklight head as desired with more precision over conventional worklight assemblies, allow a user to remove one individual worklight head at a time if needed, allow a user substantially full 360 degree range of rotation of the worklight head in both horizontal and vertical planes, and/or minimize space occupied by worklight heads when mounted to a tripod. Therefore, the worklight assemblies of the present invention have improved capabilities over conventional worklight assemblies. Any spatial references herein, such as, for example, “top,” “bottom,” “upper,” “lower,” “above”, “below,” “rear,” “between,” “vertical,” “angular,” “beneath,” etc., are for purpose of illustration only and do not limit the specific orientation or location of the described structure. 
         [0098]    Therefore, the invention is well adapted to attain the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those that are inherent therein. The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art and having the benefit of the teachings herein. While numerous changes may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art, such changes are encompassed within the spirit and scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the claims below. The terms in the claims have their plain, ordinary meaning unless otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patentee.

Technology Category: 2