Patent Document

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates to an interface for transmitting data, especially to an interface with universal serial communication. 
         [0003]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0004]    Information technology makes computers help people with life and work. Herein, the information or data are generally transmitted through an interface adopting the serial communication in a computer. An RS232 interface is commonly applied in industrial communication, modem, and electronic equipment. However, user has to ensure that a consistent transmitting rate on a transmitter and a receiver in time of transmitting the data is set within this interface. That is to say, a Baud Rate has to be properly set for transmitting. If the Baud Rate is set inappropriately, the transmitter and the receiver will have different transmitting rates that may cause an inaccuracy of the data transmission. 
         [0005]    There is another interface called i2c (Inter Integrated Circuit) that executes a two-way data transmission through two signal lines. 
         [0006]    That is, one signal line sends data, and the other signal line receives data. Although this i2c interface avoids setting the Baud Rate like the RS232 interface, the i2c interface is wired so the accordant communication within a long range or beyond a certain distance is thence unavailable. 
         [0007]    There is another interface called SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) that utilizes at least one device serving a host for outputting data. Plural clients are correspondingly set for receiving the data. This interface however has the same problem like that existing in the i2c interface. Namely, a distance between the host and the client is actually short, and the operation of this type of interface requires four signal lines. Obviously, the application of the SPI interface is complicated and unavailable for the communication that is of a long distance. Thereby, the inventor renders a novel interface with universal serial communication for solving shortcomings in the conventional technology. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    It is therefore the purpose of this invention to provide an interface with universal serial communication that transmits data simply via a single signal line, thereby ensuring that the data is transmitted within an allowable noise value so as to make sure correctness of the data. 
         [0009]    The interface with universal serial communication comprises a switching device, a medium device, and a data restoring device. Wherein, the switching device includes an encoder, an error coefficient generator, an error beyond value generator, and a calculator connected to the encoder, the error coefficient generator, and the error beyond value generator. The encoder receives data and transforms the data into a binary number. The error coefficient generator generates an error coefficient according to the binary number. The error beyond value generator generates an error beyond value. The binary number, the error coefficient, and the error beyond value are input into the calculator for being further integrated to a calculating result and hence output. The medium device receives the calculating result from the calculator and transforms the calculating result into a correspondent pulse wave for outputting. An amount of the pulse wave equals the calculating result integrated and output by the calculator. The data restoring device includes a frequency divider for receiving the pulse wave from the medium device, a counter connected to the frequency divider, and a decoder connected to the counter. The frequency divider isolates a low frequency pulse wave from a high frequency pulse, so that the low frequency pulse wave is served as a synchronic signal, and the high frequency pulse wave is analyzed by the counter for counting the amount of the pulse wave. While the binary number is achieved in the counter via the amount of the pulse wave dividing the error coefficient, the binary number would be restored to original data. 
         [0010]    Preferably, the correspondent amount of the pulse wave is reckoned by the binary number times the error coefficient plus the error beyond value. 
         [0011]    Preferably, an outputting number is reckoned by the binary number times the error coefficient plus the error beyond value; the binary number is Numb, and the outputting value is N, thereby resulting in a formula as N=Numb×the error coefficient+the error beyond value; while a bandwidth is ξ, f s  then represents a speed that a transmitter transmits the encoded data to a receiver; calculated as ξ=f s /N (Bps). 
         [0012]    Preferably, the switching device adopts a sensor that detects and transmits signals of instant environmental conditions in accordance with a movement of users. 
         [0013]    Preferably, the medium device and the data restoring device are integrated as a server; while a plurality of servers are adopted, signal packets transmitted by every sensor are able to be received. 
         [0014]    Preferably, at least one cloud server and a plurality of devices connected to the cloud server are installed on the interface; while at least one cloud server is connected to each device, the cloud server further communicates with the other cloud server through broadcast; the cloud server is also able to communicate with each other through an intercommunicated broadcast. 
         [0015]    Preferably, the server adopts an LED displayer including a displaying unit installed in the LED displayer so as to allow the server to present a result from transforming transmission signals into the correspondent packets. 
         [0016]    Accordingly, the present invention requires merely one signal line that renders intercommunication within the switching device, the medium device, and the data restoring device so as to transmit the data and obtain the serial communication. Obviously, the communication device could be simplified and concurrently, the device could be more extensively applied. During the data transmission, the error coefficient and the error beyond value allow the transmitted data to be maintained within an acceptable noise value, thereby ensuring the correctness of the data. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the present invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a schematic view showing a divider of the present invention in operation; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a schematic view showing pulse waves being transmitted; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a schematic view showing packets being adopted for transmission; 
           [0021]      FIG. 5-1  is a schematic view showing a first packet being transmitted; 
           [0022]      FIG. 5-2  is a schematic view showing a second packet being transmitted; 
           [0023]      FIG. 5-3  is a schematic view showing a third packet being transmitted; 
           [0024]      FIG. 5-4  is a schematic view showing a fourth packet being transmitted; and 
           [0025]      FIG. 5-5  is a schematic view showing a fifth packet being transmitted. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0026]    Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts. 
         [0027]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. An interface  1  with universal serial communication comprises a switching device  11 , a medium device  12  receiving data from the switching device  11 , and a data restoring device  13  receiving data transmitted from the medium device  12 . Wherein, a single signal line is provided with intercommunication within the switching device  11 , the medium device  12 , and the data restoring device  13 , so that the data could be transmitted and the serial communication is obtainable. Herein, the switching device  11  includes an encoder  111 , an error coefficient generator  112 , an error beyond value generator  113 , and a calculator  114  that is connected to the encoder  111 , the error coefficient generator  112 , and the error beyond value generator  113 . The encoder  111  receives the data so as to transform the data into a binary number. Concurrently, the error coefficient generator  112  generates an error coefficient according to the binary number and concurrently the error beyond value generator  113  generates an error beyond value. Thus, the binary number, the error coefficient, and the error beyond value are input into the calculator  114  for being further integrated into a calculating result and hence output. 
         [0028]    Continuingly, the medium device  12  receives the calculating result from the calculator  114  and transforms the calculating result into a correspondent pulse wave for outputting. Especially, an amount of the pulse wave equals the calculating result integrated and output by the calculator  114 . Herein, the medium device  12 , or the signal line that is provided for transmitting data and obtaining the serial communication, could adopt wireless or wired transmission. The wireless transmission could be Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, GSM/GPRS, RF, or infrared rays; the wired transmission could be coaxial cable, twisted-pair cable, power line, or optical fibers. As to the data restoring device  13 , a frequency divider  131  for receiving the pulse wave output from the medium device  12 , a counter  132  connected to the frequency divider  131 , and a decoder  133  connected to the counter  132  are included. 
         [0029]    Accompanying with  FIG. 2 , the frequency divider  131  isolates low frequency pulse waves from high frequency pulse waves in the pulse waves. Thereby, the low frequency pulse waves are served as synchronic signals, and the counter  132  analyzes the high frequency pulse wave for counting an amount of the pulse wave. While the binary number from the switching device  11  is achieved in the counter  132  via the amount of the pulse waves dividing the error coefficient, the decoder  133  thence restores the binary number to the original data. 
         [0030]    In operation, the data is transmitted into the switching device  11  for the encoder  111  to receive. Thereby, the encoder  111  encodes the data into binary numbers that are suited to the PC or other like devices. Wherein, the binary numbers generated by the encoder  111 ×error coefficient+error beyond value=an output number. Every digit in the binary numbers is called a bit. At most of each bit generates the binary number as a Numb, and the output number is an N, thereby bringing about the following formula: 
         [0000]        N =Numb×error coefficient+error beyond value
 
         [0031]    For example, when the transmitted data (1100) 2 , the transmitting formula of each bit is as follows: 
         [0000]      0×error coefficient+error beyond value=encoded output number  N  
 
         [0032]    When a transmitting bandwidth is ξ, f s  shows a speed adopted to the pulse wave that is encoded after the calculator  114  of the switching device  11  transmitting the data. Thereby, a further formula is achieved as follows: 
         [0000]      ξ= f   s   /N (Bps)
 
         [0033]    Accordingly, a lowest bandwidth is maintained during the data transmission. Cooperating with the data that is transformed into the binary numbers, the coefficient generator  112  preferably generates an error coefficient in accordance with an instant environmental condition in time of transmission. A relative relationship between the transmission environment and the error coefficient is shown in Form  1  as follows. Additionally, the error beyond value generator  113  generates an error beyond value, and a relative relationship between the error beyond value and the error coefficient is shown in Form  2  as follows. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 ▴FORM 1 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 RELATIVE ERROR 
               
               
                   
                 TRANSMISSION ENVIRONMENT 
                 COEFFICIENT 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 INFERIOR 
                 16 UP 
               
               
                   
                 BAD 
                 16  
               
               
                   
                 ORDINARY 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 GOOD 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 SUPERIOR 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 ▴FORM 2 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 ERROR COEFFICIENT 
                 ERROR BEYOND VALUE 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 16 UP 
                 CHOSEN VALUE/2 
               
               
                   
                 16  
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 8 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0034]    Accordingly, when the binary numbers generated by the encoder  111  multiply the error coefficient then plus the error beyond value, a calculating result is able to be integrated and output. Referring to  FIG. 3 , the data that is transformed into the binary number could be further converted to packets for transmission.  FIG. 4  shows a definition of a Data Zone of the transmitted data. Form  3  presents detecting codes in an Error Zone for detecting errors. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 ▴FORM 3 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 bn 
                 b(n − 1) 
                 NOTE 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 0 
                 0 
                 NOT DEFINE 
               
               
                   
                 0 
                 1 
                 “0” IS TRANSMITTED 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 0 
                 “1” IS TRANSMITTED 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 1 
                 TRANSMISSION ENDS 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0035]    When the medium device  12  receives the calculating result output from the calculator  114 , the calculating result would be transformed in accordance with the amount of the pulse wave so as to be output. Therefore, the amount of the pulse wave is equal to the calculating result integrated and hence output by the calculator  114 . For example, the data to be transmitted (4) 10&lt;=&gt;(0100) 2 . Wherein, “0100” is shifted leftward for 3 bits in accordance with the practical environment. As it should be, the leftward shifting quantity of the bit is decided by a test result in time of the practical operation. Namely, the data (4) 10  times (8) 10  equals (32) 10 . Afore decimal numbers could be also expressed by (0100000) 2  in a binary form. Herein, the binary form is conventionally adopted, and the decimal form is adopted in the present invention. Thereby, (32) 10  or (0100000) 2  decides the number of the pulse waves. Whereby, a formula for the pulse waves could be achieved as follows: N=(4) 10 ×(8) 10 +(8/2). Favorably, the medium device  12  sends the equal pulse wave. Further, the speed f s  of the pulse wave is not limited. A higher speed results in a wider bandwidth ω; a lower speed results in a narrower bandwidth. A formula for calculating the bandwidth ω is shown as follows: ω=f s 8(bit/time)/Nx. A formula for calculating the relative amount of the pulse wave in the medium device  12  is shown as follows: 
         [0000]      the amount of the pulse wave= N (the binary number×the error coefficient+the error beyond value)
 
         [0036]    Thereby, after the frequency divider  131 , the counter  132 , and the decoder  133  receiving the pulse waves output by the medium device  12 , the binary number is thence restored by the calculator  114  so as to achieve the original data. Namely, the data is previously altered into the binary numbers (ex. (1011) 2 ). The practical operation is as follows: 
         [0037]    In a first transmission, “1” is transmitted. 
         [0038]    Achieve a result calculated via the formula N=(10) 2 ×error coefficient+error beyond value and send the same result, thereby allowing the result to be decoded by the data restoring device  13 . Accordingly, the data including one bit are transmitted. 
         [0039]    In a second transmission, “1” is transmitted. 
         [0040]    Achieve a result calculated via the formula N=(10) 2 ×error coefficient+error beyond value and send the same result, thereby allowing the result to be decoded by the data restoring device  13 . Accordingly, the data including one bit are transmitted. 
         [0041]    In a third transmission, “0” is transmitted. 
         [0042]    Achieve a result calculated via the formula N=(01) 2 ×error coefficient+error beyond value and send the same result, thereby allowing the result to be decoded by the data restoring device  13 . Accordingly, the data including one bit are transmitted. 
         [0043]    In a fourth transmission, “1” is transmitted. 
         [0044]    Achieve a result calculated via the formula N=(10) 2 ×error coefficient+error beyond value and send the same result, thereby allowing the result to be decoded by the data restoring device  13 . Accordingly, the data including one bit are transmitted. 
         [0045]    In a fifth transmission, “ ” is transmitted, namely, the transmission is complete. 
         [0046]    Achieve a result calculated via the formula N=(11) 2 ×error coefficient+error beyond value and send the same result, thereby allowing the result to be decoded by the data restoring device  13 . Accordingly, all of the data are transmitted. The binary data of n bits are all suited to afore process. As it should be, a reverse operation is also available. 
         [0047]    Consequently, when the binary data restored by the data restoring device  13  is (01) 2 , one bit is now transmitted and the accordant value is “0”. When the binary data restored by the data restoring device  13  is (10) 2 , one bit is now transmitted and the accordant value is “1”. When the binary data restored by the data restoring device  13  is (11) 2 , one bit is now transmitted, which represents that a controlling code is achieved, thereby ending the packets. When the binary data restored by the data restoring device  13  is (00) 2 , it means that anonymous noise is incurred and the noise should be ignored. Accordingly, each packet represents that one single bit is transmitted, so 1 Bytes (or 8 bits) represent that 8 packets are sent, and n bit represents that n packet are sent. At a final stage, a packet of (11) 2  is transmitted. After the final, the data of one bit is transmitted. Both “1” and “0” represent a new start of the data transmission. For example, when the “data”=(1010) 2  is transmitted, the packets to be output are arranged as a sequence as follows.  FIG. 5-1  shows the transmitted data is “1”;  FIG. 5-2  shows the transmitted data is “2”;  FIG. 5-3  shows the transmitted data is “1”;  FIG. 5-4  shows the transmitted data is “0”;  FIG. 5-5  shows the transmission is ended. As a result, when the decoder  133  restores the calculating result to the original data accordingly to afore formulas, one transmission is finished. 
         [0048]    Herein, the process of the present invention could be summarized as follows. A data is transmitted into the switching device  11  for turning into the binary numbers. Then, the binary numbers cooperate with the error coefficient and the error beyond value for achieving the calculating result. When the calculating result is received by the medium device  12 , the calculating result is further transformed into the correspondent amount of the pulse waves, so that the pulse waves would be sent to the data restoring device  13 . Additionally, the counter  132  in the data restoring device  13  is able to count the number of the pulse waves. In the practical application, the data might be interfered by any anonymous noise during the transmission, so that the subsequent amount of the pulse waves is subject to change. For solving this problem, the decoder  133  allows the amount of the pulse waves provided by the counter  132  to divide the error coefficient. Thence, the divided result would be rounded to an integer, and this integer is the binary numbers sent by the calculator  114 . Thus, the binary number could be reversed to the original data. Obviously, the present invention allows the error of the amount of the pulse waves to be limited within a certain scope, thereby restraining the noise. 
         [0049]    To sum up, the present invention particularly utilizes the medium device to receive the data from the switching device for transmitting the same to the data restoring device. Therefore, the transmitting rate is ensured to be consistent, so user avoids setting the Baud Rate. Accordingly, the application of the interface in the communication would not be difficult, the structure of the interface is simplified, and the present invention is widely applicable. The calculation of the error coefficient and the error beyond value restrains the noise in time of transmission. Therefore, the desired data could be transmitted correctly and reliably. 
         [0050]    While we have shown and described the embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that further embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Technology Category: g