Patent Document

[0001]    The patent applicant claims benefit of provisional applications, Ser. No. 61/571,707 filed Jul. 5, 2011 entitled. Adjustable Length Extension/Retraction Leash and Baking System, and 61/627,646 filed. Oct. 17, 2011. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The invention relates generally to a retractable leash adjustability system for maximum extension using manual and mechanical brake actuation, a braking system with multiple settings, an adjustable handle and grip system, a system to affix leash accessories to the leash housing, and a spool design which facilitates smooth and safe bake actuation. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Animal restraints such as leashes or tie-outs for animals, such as dogs, have been designed using fixed length leads, variable length leads, and leads which combine the function of both fixed length and variable length. Fixed length leads are problematic when the pet isn&#39;t far enough away from the pet owner or a fixed location, resulting in a leash which is loose, not taut, between the end attached to the animal and the opposite end held by the pet owner or attached to a fixed location. The loose lead can get tangled easily around the pet, pet owner or the fixed location. Variable length leashes and tie-outs, often in the form of retractable leashes, are designed with a leash wrapped around a spool within a casing which has a tension spring to allow the leash to extend out from or retract into the casing holding the spool as the pet either moves away from the pet owner or toward the pet owner, thus preventing slack in the leash. Retractable leashes allow for longer length extension than fixed length leashes. Retractable leashes typically have a brake, which, when engaged at a desired length less than full extension capability, prevents further length extension. The engaged brake typically results in a fixed length leash and the aforementioned functional deficiencies. There might be situations related to the size and temperament of the dog, the size and strength of the dog walker, and the safety conditions of the environment, where it is desirable to have a retractable leash which can extend and retract freely up to a length which is less than the full extended length of the leash. 
         [0004]    To address the above problem, some retractable leash devices have attempted to provide brake actuating designs with maximum length settings less than full leash extension in order to offer retraction capability for leash lengths less than full leash extension. 
         [0005]    All in all, these devices have major disadvantages. Some designs have setting limitation which don&#39;t accommodate practical application. Some designs are clumsy in that they require multi-step actuation or two-hand actuation. Another design is cumbersome in that it requires the dog to extend the leash to the desired maximum length and be stopped before the new extension maximum length can be set. In other designs, once the new maximum length has engaged the brake to prevent further extension, the setting can&#39;t be changed, if desired, to a new setting to accommodate a changing situation because the brake locks up the system. In one type of device, either the dog or the pet owner need to create slack in the leash in order to unlock the setting. This might require the pet owner using the manual brake as a second step. In addition to these limitations, many of these aforementioned designs have structural challenges where is not seen that they can be practically overcome. 
         [0006]    Additional challenges relates to handle formation for a safe and comfortable grip. Other leash designs have non-adjustable grips which cannot accommodate varied hand sizes. Some attempts to remedy this include various fixed contour handles, but this one size fits all approach does not work. 
         [0007]    Pet owners like to carry a variety of accessories, such as toys, to treats, water and clean-up devices, when walking a pet. Attempts to facilitate carry along convenience has been limited to hook-on systems which do not affix contents in a rigid manner. The loose nature of these devices affect both comfort and control. 
         [0008]    When retractable leashes are in the mode of rapid extension which turns the leash spool inside the housing a rapid rate, actuating the brake can be problematic because the brake tooth has trouble engaging the turning spool. This problem affects both comfort and control since the brake does not engage immediately and the vibration from lack of engagement is uncomfortable and startling. 
         [0009]    When retractable lashes are fully extended and a large force is encountered at the point of full extension, leashes frequently brake because they are designed with a stress point where the leash attaches to the spool or other interior positions. This problem is a safety issue because a broken leash results in a run-away pet. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0010]    A device with functional advantages, which are represented here in the form of a retractable leash and tie-out design, that can be applied beyond the scope featured. A retractable leash and tie-out design, which can be manufactured and manufactured economically, incorporating a system for continuous adjustability settings for maximum leash extension. The design delivers control, safety and comfort with its setting ability to rapidly and easily accommodate specific or changing situations related to the size and temperament of the dog, the size and strength of the dog walker, and the safety conditions of the environment. Settings for a child walking a dog can be quite different than for that of an adult. Furthermore, the safety of the environment can change rapidly including other people, other pets, or surroundings. Ease of adjustability and setting flexibility enhance the control, safety and comfort of walking a pet. Brake actuation can be either manual or by use of the adjustable setting device. The setting of the device can take place when the leash is not in use, such as prior to a walk, or when the leash is in use with the brake on, or when the brake is off as the leash is being extended or retracted. The brake can operate independently or in unison with the brake lock to function in a semi-engaged mode where the leash spool is prevented from rotation for further extension, yet can rotate in the direction of retraction. The semi-engaged mode is simple to actuate either manually or by the positioning of the brake lock. The brake lock works in unison with the brake with the ability to be set into three positions, including a disengaged position which does not actuate the brake, a semi-engaged position which prevents the leash spool from rotating in the direction of further extension while allowing rotation in the direction of retraction, and an engaged position which prevents the leash spool from rotating in either the direction of extension or retraction. The leash operator can manually set the leash in semi-engaged mode and comfortably hold the brake button on one position while the pivot brake tip moves into its various positions during extension and retraction. 
         [0011]    The compact, light weight design, can be operated with one hand by children and adults alike. The bi-directional pivoting brake tip, with its non-linear are of engagement and disengagement, delivers a wider range of motion and, with its neutral repositioning system incorporating bi-directional force, it uniquely facilitates consistent operation in the full range of varying operational and braking conditions. In addition to the safety and control that the bi-directional pivoting brake tip delivers, the leash operator also experiences greater comfort from smoother engagement. Other designs simulating elements of the semi-engaged mode either have an inconsistent ready position to function or require constant control management. The incorporation of non-uniform teeth on the leash spool improve control, safety and comfort by delivering quicker and smoother brake engagement by reducing vibration and skipping most noted in other designs when braking during rapid spool rotation during leash extension. The easy-read gauge makes setting the maximum length easy. The adjustable handle and grip provide unproved control, safety and comfort to dog walkers with hands of varying sizes. Non-adjustable grips present a one size fits all approach to a device which requires great control in order to be operated safely. The system for affixing accessories enhances the dog walking experience through convenience and comfort. The brake actuating system can offer product reliability and safety even when incorporated into a leash design with no adjustability. In this scenario, the leash can be manufactured to be fully extended without fully unwinding at maximum extension. This prevents the spool from having a single stress point at the point of attachment of the leash to the spool which can fatigue or break when either the end of the leash is reached too often during use, or the leash connection at the spool is challenged by too great of a force of a running dog when the end of the leash is reached. 
         [0012]    The features of this preferred embodiment highlight features which are working collectively to enhance performance in the areas of control, safety, comfort and practical design. Each of the features represented enhance the performance of the preferred embodiment presented. Each of the features can stand alone as an enhancement to any leash design. The design features work with various leash materials, including, but not limited to, belt or cord leashes. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0013]    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings which illustrate embodiments. Shown are: 
           [0014]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of the exterior with the adjustable brake actuation system; 
           [0015]      FIG. 2  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the spool, brake, brake tip, bi-directional spring, and brake lock; 
           [0016]      FIG. 3  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on illustrating spool rotation in the direction of leash extension; 
           [0017]      FIG. 4  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the brake, brake tip and bi-directional spring positioned to prevent spool rotation; 
           [0018]      FIG. 5  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the brake, brake tip and bi-directional spring positioned to allow spool rotation in the direction of leash retraction; 
           [0019]      FIG. 6  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the brake, brake tip, bi-directional spring, and brake lock positioned to prevent spool rotation; 
           [0020]      FIG. 7  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the brake, brake tip, bi-directional spring, and brake lock with brake lock alternately positioned to prevent spool rotation in the direction of extension; 
           [0021]      FIG. 8  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the brake, brake tip, bi-directional spring, and brake lock with brake lock alternately positioned, as in  FIG. 7 , to allow spool rotation in the direction of retraction; 
           [0022]      FIG. 9  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the adjustable brake actuation system; 
           [0023]      FIG. 10  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with an exploded view of the adjustable brake actuation system and emphasis on the setting of the adjustable brake actuation system; 
           [0024]      FIG. 11  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with an exploded view of the adjustable brake actuation system and emphasis on the adjustable brake actuation system in motion toward leash extension and at the point of brake engagement; 
           [0025]      FIG. 12  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with an exploded view of the adjustable brake actuation system and emphasis on the adjustable brake actuation system in motion toward leash extension with brake engagement in process; 
           [0026]      FIG. 13  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 1  with emphasis on the adjustable brake actuation system at the moment of brake and spool engagement and the cessation of spool rotation in the direction of leash extension; 
           [0027]      FIG. 14  is a perspective view of the exterior with the nonadjustable brake actuation system; 
           [0028]      FIG. 15  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 14  with emphasis on the non-adjustable brake actuation system; 
           [0029]      FIG. 16  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 14  with emphasis on the non-adjustable brake actuation system in motion toward leash extension and at the point of brake engagement; 
           [0030]      FIG. 17  is a plan view of components inside the housing shown in  FIG. 14  with emphasis on the non-adjustable brake actuation system in motion at the moment of brake and spool engagement and the cessation of spool rotation in the direction of leash extension, and the leash length remaining on the spool; 
           [0031]      FIG. 18  is a perspective view of the moveable exit opening for the leash 
           [0032]      FIGS. 18A ,  18 B and  18 C are cross section view of the moveable exit opening for the leash in the housing shown in  FIG. 18 ; 
           [0033]      FIGS. 18D ,  18 E and  18 F are plan views of the moveable exit opening for the leash with an emphasis on varied positions and moveability; 
           [0034]      FIGS. 19 ,  19 A and  19 B are plan views of the adjustable handle grip and the system to affix accessories; 
           [0035]      FIG. 20  is a plan view of sections of spools with varied teeth configurations as seen in  FIG. 2 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0036]    The leash assembly for a leash which can be extended and retracted to walk animals, as shown in  FIG. 1 , comprising a housing  16  with a handle  5  to carry the leash assembly.  FIG. 2  reveals housing  16  contains a spool  28  onto which the leash  10  is wound and which leaves the housing  16  through an exit opening  4 . Spool  28  has a set of multiple teeth  26  and  24  located on outside with a corresponding set of teeth on the opposite side of the spool  28 . On the not-shown opposite side, the positioning and orientation of the spool teeth are symmetrical and parallel to the view seen in  FIG. 2 . Furthermore, a brake button  14  is provided in order to block the leash spool  28  and thus form a leash part in any desired length. At its free end, the leash is provided with a not-shown connecting hook. Under the spool plug  29  is a not shown spring against whose force the spool  28  can rotate. According to this, the leash assembly corresponds to a normal mechanically retractable leash assembly and needs no further explanation. 
         [0037]    The brake button  14  in  FIG. 2  is mounted in the leash housing  16  so that it can move inward, as seen by the arrow on  FIG. 4  or outward back toward its fully disengaged position as seen in  FIG. 2 . The movement of the brake button  14  runs approximately radially to the leash spool  28 . The bottom part of the brake button  14  is a pivot brake tip  11  which is mounted to the upper portion of brake button  14  using a brake pin  17  which facilitates the pivot brake tip  11  rotational movement. Furthermore, pivot brake tip  11  rests in a neutral position of engagement under the bi-directional force of a bi-directional spring system comprised of a spring force  13  toward an outward disengaged orientation and spring force  15  toward an inward engaged orientation. The opposing spring force  13  and  15  work in unison to hold pivot brake tip  11  in a neutral position when brake button  14  in conjunction with pivot brake tip  11  are fully disengaged from spool  28 . From the neutral position of pivot brake tip  11 , the tip is capable of rotating either inward or outward as it pivots on brake pin  17 . 
         [0038]      FIG. 3  shows the leash spool  28  rotating in the direction of arrow  31  during leash  10  extension in the direction of arrow  32  with brake button  14  in conjunction with pivot brake tip  11  in a fully disengaged position from spool  28 . 
         [0039]      FIG. 4  demonstrates full brake engagement, when brake button  14  is pushed inward in the direction of arrow  35 , pivot brake tip  11  in  FIG. 2  contacts one of the spool tooth braking surfaces  27 , which are oriented mostly radially from the center of the spool, resulting in brake activation which prevents the spool  28  from rotating in either the direction of extension or retraction thus preventing leash  10  from lengthening or shortening. Pivot brake tip  11 , upon contacting spool tooth braking surface  27  during rotation in the direction of extension, rotates inward in the direction of arrow  37  toward a parallel orientation with brake button  14 . As pivot brake tip  11  rotates inward, spring force  13  in  FIG. 2  is pushed in the direction of force of spring force  15 . During full brake engagement, the bottom of pivot tip  11  is in contact with both spool tooth braking surface  27  and spool rotational surface  33 . 
         [0040]      FIG. 5  demonstrates semi-brake engagement during which brake button  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  is positioned such that the bottom of pivot brake tip  11  is in contact with spool tooth  26  without being able to contact spool rotational surface  33 . When brake button  14  is pushed inward in the direction of arrow  35  in  FIG. 4 , pivot brake tip  11  in  FIG. 2  contacts one of the angled spool tooth surfaces  25 , resulting in pivot brake tip  11  rotating outward as seen in arrow  34  from its neutral position. As pivot brake tip  11  rotates outward, spring force  15  in  FIG. 2  is pushed in the direction of force of spring force  13 . In  FIG. 5 , spool rotation is in the direction of retraction as seen by arrow  38  causing leash  10  to shorten in the direction of arrow  36 . With brake button  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  in the position of semi-brake engagement, pivot brake tip  11 , upon no longer making contact with spool tooth surface  25 , rotates back to its neutral position under spring force  13  and spring force  15  which places the bottom of the pivot brake tip between spool outer surface  22  and spool rotation surface  33 . This position allows pivot brake tip to rotate in the direction of arrow  34  during spool rotation in the direction of retraction seen in arrow  38 , or pivot brake tip  11 , upon contact with spool tooth braking surface  27  during spool rotation in the direction of extension as seen in arrow  31  of  FIG. 3 , can rotate in the direction of arrow  37  in  FIG. 4  to assume brake tip orientation as seen in  FIG. 4  and prevent spool rotation in the direction of leash extension. 
         [0041]    In  FIG. 6 , brake button  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  are in the fully engaged position in relation to spool  28  with the bottom of pivot brake tip in contact with both spool tooth braking surface  27  and spool rotational surface  33  resulting in spool rotation prevention. Brake lock  12  is pivoted on brake pin  21  and moved into position in the direction of arrow  41  on the top of brake lock  12  where the bottom of the brake lock  9  seen in  FIG. 2  is in contact with brake button notch  40  resulting in brake lock  12  affecting full brake engagement with spool  28 . Until brake lock  12  is subsequently moved out of fully engaged position, spool  28  cannot move and leash  10  can neither lengthen or shorten. Leash  10  is now a fixed length which can end up with slack if the distance between the pet and pet owner is reduced. 
         [0042]    In  FIG. 7  and  FIG. 8 , brake button  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  are in the semi-engaged position in relation to spool  28  with the bottom of pivot brake tip in contact with spool tooth braking surface  27  and not with spool rotational surface  33  resulting in spool rotation prevention in the direction of extension as seen in  FIG. 3  arrow  31 . Brake lock  12  is pivoted on brake pin  21  and moved into position in the direction of arrow  42  when brake lock  12  is moved from the fully engaged position shown in  FIG. 6 , or from the opposite direction after moving brake button  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  into semi-engaged position with spool  28 . The bottom of the brake lock  9  seen in  FIG. 2  is in contact with brake button notch  39  resulting in brake lock  12  affecting semi-brake engagement with spool  28 . As with brake  14  in unison with pivot brake tip  11  in semi-brake engagement described in  FIG. 5  previously, spool  28  is prevented from rotating in the direction of leash extension while allowing spool rotation in the direction of spool retraction. 
         [0043]      FIGS. 9-13  are a series of views demonstrating operation elements of the adjustable brake actuation system. The brake actuation system in  FIG. 9  demonstrates compact size and energy transfer efficiencies within the leash system which also impact the component integrity during operation. The transfer of energy from spool  28  to brake  14  through the brake actuation system is low enough to allow for all components to be made of plastic, if desired, without concerns of design failure. In  FIG. 9 , housing  62  is connected to housing  16 . The brake actuation system is linked to brake button  14  at brake mount  60 . White the brake actuation system can activate the brake without direct linkage, the linkage is used to enhance operational and structural efficiencies. 
         [0044]    Adjustment dial  18  directly drives auger  66  and shaft  64 . When adjustment dial  18  is rotated in the direction of the arrow show in  FIG. 10 , setting stop  68 , which is threaded to move along auger  66 , moves relationally and directionally as indicated by the arrows. The position of setting stop  68  is directly translated to meter guide  7  in  FIG. 1 . Meter guide  7  can be viewed through meter window  6  and translated by meter  8 . Meter guide  7  is positioned alongside meter  8  to designate the adjustment setting and moves in parallel with the meter guide. After adjustment dial  18  is rotated to move setting stop  68  into the position by the pet owner, setting stop  68  remains in position on auger  66 .  FIG. 1  reveals optional dial guides  20  on adjustment dial  18 . 
         [0045]    In  FIG. 11 , as spool  28  rotates in the direction of leash extension  32 , spool gear  30  rotates in the same direction which rotates gear  67  which is connected to auger  63  and directly drives auger  63 . Brake actuator  69  is threaded and mounted to auger  63 . As spool  28  rotates, auger  63  rotates causing brake actuator  69  to move in the direction indicated in  FIG. 11 . As auger  63  rotates in the direction indicated by the rotation of gear  67  in  FIG. 11 , brake actuator  69  moves along auger  63  until surface  72  makes contact with surface  71 . As directional rotation continues from  FIG. 11 ,  FIG. 12  shows brake actuator  69  exerting force on setting stop  68  in the direction of the arrows which translates to moving dial auger  66 , dial  18  and brake button  14  with pivot brake tip  11  in the direction of the arrows indicated. This force translation is moving brake button  14  with pivot brake tip  11  toward spool  28 . As dial auger  66  moves, auger shaft  64  and auger shaft  65  move respectively through housing guides  70  and  61 .  FIG. 13  shows continued rotation from  FIG. 12  with respective continued component movement until pivot brake tip  11  attached to brake button  14  is brought into position to engage one of the spool tooth braking surfaces  27  on spool  28 . Pivot brake tip  11  rotates into position to prevent spool rotation in the direction of extension. Conversely, if after spool  28  is prevented from rotating in the direction of extension, leash retraction were to ensue, spool rotation would be in the opposite direction and brake actuator  69  would begin to move in the opposite direction than previously indicated and brake button  14  with pivot brake tip  11  would move out of position which had previously prevented rotation of spool  28 . 
         [0046]      FIGS. 14-17  are a series of views demonstrating operation elements of the non-adjustable brake actuation system. This design alternative has same operation principle as with the adjustable brake actuation system featured in  FIGS. 9-13 , but does not include an adjustment dial system. Instead, this design incorporates one preset for the maximum length leash  10  to extend from spool  28  in order to improve, safety and product integrity by not allowing leash  10  to extend to its fastening point. The fastening point is a point of high stress and design weakness and product failure in other leashes.  FIG. 14  shows the leash housing with no dial. The design can accommodate and utilize a meter, meter window, and meter guide, but they are not required for operation. In the non-adjustable brake actuation system,  FIG. 15  shows shaft  75  without threads, since stop  76  is in a fixed position on shaft  75 . As in the adjustable brake actuation system featured in  FIGS. 9-13 , brake actuator  69  travels along auger  63  in response to auger rotation featured in  FIGS. 9-13 . In  FIG. 16 , brake actuator  69  moves directionally as the arrows indicate in response to the indicated extension direction of rotation of spool  28 . Upon contact from brake actuator  69  to stop  76  as brake actuator  69  continues movement in the direction indicated in  FIGS. 16-17 , stop  76  moves with brake actuator  69  which translates to movement of shaft  75 , brake mount  60 , brake button  14  with pivot brake tip  11 . This results in pivot brake tip  11  engaging one of the spool teeth at its spool braking surface  27 .  FIG. 17  shows a cross section view of the leash  10  having remaining length wound around spool  28  at the point of maximum extension of leash  10  as controlled by the non-adjustable brake actuation system. As with the adjustable brake actuation system, the non-adjustable brake actuation system allows for complete manual brake button  14  activation and the operation of the brake lock  12 . 
         [0047]    Normally, such leash assemblies equipped with a leash  10 , as depicted in  FIG. 1 , in the shape of a strap have a leash dispenser  4  in the shape of a narrow rectangular slit which can be integrated into the housing as shown in  FIG. 18  and through which a leash is guided to the outside. Leash dispensers often allow for the leash  10  to twist or fold when running in and out of the leash dispenser  4  which either winds improperly onto the spool  28  or can simply get stuck in the leash dispenser  4  so the automatic function can no longer be ensured. As shown in  FIGS. 18D ,  18 E and  18 F, the leash dispenser can move with the leash within a limited range of orientation to accommodate the tendency of the twisting or folding leash  10  and better guide the leash in through the leash dispenser  55  and back onto the spool  28  during retraction and out through leash dispenser  55  during leash extension.  FIGS. 18A ,  18 B and  18 C show cross section of leash dispenser  55  as it is mounted into, and is able to move in, leash housing  16 . In  FIG. 18B , leash dispenser stop  56  is able to move rotationally between housing stop  57  and housing stop  58  during rotation to turn leash dispenser  55  into the directional orientations shown in  FIGS. 18D ,  18 E and  18 F as needed. 
         [0048]      FIG. 19  depicts two handle features, an adjustable grip and an accessory clip system. Leash handle  5  needs to be designed to accommodate a variety of hand sizes. Other designs have attempted to address this problem with fixed ridges. This one size fits all approach does not work and results in discomfort for many whose hands are not compatibly sized. This also translates into a safety issue when a pet owner does not have a good grip on the leash handle  5 . A pet can pull away and the pet owner can lose their grip and let go of the leash handle  5 . By incorporating an adjustable grip guide  80  which can slide along an adjustment guide  81  which sits in handle guide receptacle  85 , pet owners can customize the handle grip to fit any hand size. The adjustment guide  81  allows for comfort and delivers greater control and safety by positioning fingers in their best position to operate the manual brake  14 , brake lock  12 , and adjustment dial  18 . The ease of positioning as indicated in  FIG. 19  allows multiple pet owners of different hand sizes to share the product and maximize comfort, control and safety for each person. 
         [0049]    The accessory clip system in  FIG. 19  and  FIG. 19B  depict one of several systems to affix accessories to the handle or housing of a leash using a rigid lock system. In this depiction, leash handle  5  has a cut out accessory clip receptacle  83 . Accessory clip connector  82  on clip  84  is formed to slide and lock into clip receptacle  83 . 
         [0050]      FIGS. 20A and 20B  emphasize the teeth configuration on spools for leashes.  FIG. 20A  demonstrates a uniform tooth pattern found on other leashes. When a leash is being extended at a high rate of speed causing the spool to also turn at a high rate of speed, the uniform top surfaces of the teeth on the spool form a virtual smooth surface into which the brake tip is trying to penetrate during an attempt to engage the brake. The operator of the leash, upon trying to actuate the brake, often experiences skipping of the brake tooth across the top surfaces of the teeth as the brake tries to position itself between the teeth to stop rotation. Furthermore, a high vibration of the brake button results which is uncomfortable and may even cause the pet owner to drop the leash handle. There are both safety and comfort concerns as the leash cannot be stopped promptly and may even be released.  FIG. 20B  depicts spool teeth of varied sizes. By positioning one or more spool teeth of a varied size, shape, or position, the brake engages promptly, efficiently and smoothly because there is no longer a virtual uniform surface along the tops of the spool teeth when the spool is rotating at a high rate of speed. Brake tips of all designs benefit from this spool teeth configuration.

Technology Category: 7