Patent Document

BACKGROUND 
   The present invention concerns a disintegrator roll of the type having a fittings carrier on a roll body rotated by a drive shaft. 
   In a known design of a disintegrator roll, a roll body is placed on a rotatable drive shaft, to which a fittings carrier is bound with the aid of a multiplicity of screws. These screws extend through corresponding borings in the roll body and on into blind borings made in the fittings carrier (open-end rotor spinning machine of the firm, Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau, AG). When a change of the fittings carrier becomes necessary, then the disintegrator along with its drive shaft must be disassembled. In carrying this out, the drive shaft of the said disintegrator must be relieved of the drive belts assigned to it, which operation, considering the close working quarters common to a spinning station, is very troublesome. The person trusted to this task must be in possession of a certain amount of ingenuity. So that the duration of the standstill of this kind of a disintegrator roll is held to a minimum, complete disintegrator rolls are held in immediate shop inventory. The replacement of the original fittings carrier is then carried out external to the machine and independent of the time of exchange to the new disintegrator rolls at the spinning station in question. 
   SUMMARY 
   A purpose of the invention is accordingly, to improve the described disintegrator roll in such a manner, that a necessitated change of the fittings carrier can be executed simply and quickly without the dismantling of the complete disintegrator roll. Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention. 
   Because of the invented fastening of the roll body on the drive shaft, with the aid of a releasable connection in accord with an embodiment of the invention, this connection can be restored in a quick and timesaving manner without dismantling and reassembling the drive shaft. 
   When this is done, the disintegrator roll can be constructed from multiple parts. Advantageously, the disintegrator roll is either a two-part roll, namely, fittings carrier and roll body, or of three-part design including these parts plus a cover element. In the case of the three-part arrangement, the cover element is to be understood as being related to the fittings carrier, so that the releasable connection can also encompass this cover element and the roll body. 
   In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the releasable connection can be made by creating either a push or pull in the axial direction. If this is done, it is not necessary, that the drive shaft or the roll body be secured against rotation at the time of withdrawal or the setting of the disintegrator roll on the shaft. For the freeing or replacement of the fittings carrier, no rotary motion or torque is necessary. On this account, a blocking means to prevent rotation of the drive shaft can be dispensed with. 
   In a favorable manner, the releasable connection can be achieved by a clip or a latch type binding, which requires a lesser degree of mechanical expense of time and cost, and is therefore an economical step. In accord with a preferred development of the disintegrator roll, provision can be made that the connection device can be activated without auxiliary tools which are not generally available at a spinning station. 
   Alternatively, or additionally, provided to the releasable connector between the roll body and the drive shaft, is a clip or latch type connector between the fittings carrier and the roll body for which the above described advantages are also valid. 
   For the clip type connector, a design in keeping with the invention is to be found wherein the connection apparatus exhibits a studlike element and a stud receptor acting therewith, which receptor is oriented in parallel to the axis of the disintegrator roll, and has an open end, into which the cross section of the studlike element is designed to fit, and on its entry end a narrowed passage exists, wherein the stud receptor and or the studlike element are constructed elastically in their directions transverse to their longitudinal axes. Where a latch design is considered, a connection device is particularly advantageous wherein a latch hook and a latch shoulder bordering a recess are provided, as well as a release apparatus which can be activated by the movement of the latch hook in the longitudinal direction of the recess. In this latching design, the connection device in one embodiment possesses a releasing mechanism having a lifting edge opposite the latch shoulder and bordering the recess, by means of which the latch hook running onto the lifting edge can be raised out of the said recess and can be diverted into a movement path which departs from the recess, along which the latch hook can be guided out of the longitudinal area of the parts which define the recess. This design has a lifting element, by which a latch hook is caused to run free by displacement and in this manner, be released from the latched position. Subsequently, the latch hook, without again setting up the latch lock, must again pass through a recess bordered by a latching shoulder, which, advantageously, with the aid of the invented apparatus can be easily done. 
   Because of the intense centrifugal force which comes into being during machine operation, in order to prevent the latch from flying out of its holding position against the detent latch shoulder which borders the recess, it is possible that, as shown in an additional development of the invention, the latch shoulder can be made with a backcut, into which the latch element can engage when cut to a complementary shape. 
   By means of the design of the invention connector in accord with a particular embodiment of the invention, the connection between the roll body and the fittings carrier can be lifted, without any relative movement of those components. In order to exclude that the movable part of the connector can unduly leave the fittings carrier, this part of the connector can be secured by a retention detent and an additional latch device. 
   To ease the duty of the operator in the release of the described apparatus, in an advantageous manner, the invented apparatus is equipped with a manual ejection plate. This ejection device may be placed coaxially to the fittings carrier. Advantageously, provision may be made for an activation element to be axially displaced inside the designed hollow drive shaft of the disintegrator roll. This activation element may be employed as an ejection element. 
   In order that the roll body and the drive shaft of the disintegrator may be quickly and securely bound together with the aid of clips or latch connection devices on the one hand, and upon need, can likewise be quickly released, according to an advantageous improvement of the invented device, a connector has been provided in accord with an embodiment wherein the roll body and the drive shaft are bound together in the axial direction with the aid of a clip or latch type connection apparatus, and in that between the roll body and the drive shaft a clearance is provided, and in that the roll body and the drive shaft are force fit connected with one another in the direction of rotation. For the release of the connector, this can be done with an axially displaceable activation element placed in the hollow designed drive shaft. 
   In accord with an advantageous improvement, the activation element can have a lifting element, with the aid of which the clipped or latched type connector can be caused to move in a radial direction for establishment of or release of the connecting function. 
   From the standpoint of available space and because of easing manipulation, it is of advantage if the activation element within the drive shaft remains permanently in the said hollow drive shaft. 
   It is advantageous, if this is done, to subject the activation element to an element with a spring like force in such a manner that the activation element is prevented from releasing the connection between the roll body and the drive shaft. 
   With the aid of the invented apparatus, it becomes possible to carry out a change of the fittings carrier of the disintegrator without the necessity of removing the roll body or the drive shaft from their respective operating positions. The pivoting and twisting motions in a close working space, which were formerly carried out in exchange of the disintegrator roll requiring the removal and resetting of the drive shaft upon which it is carried, are now dispensed with. A change of the fittings can now be accomplished by a simple removal of the fittings carrier, whereby only a clip or latch type connection need be released, which can be done in a time saving and simple manner. Beyond this, where the shop inventory is concerned, a considerable saving in space is acquired, since, instead of holding as emergency supply a complete disintegrator roll, including its drive shaft, now only the fittings carrier must be stored as a replacement item. Thus, it is now possible to release a connection between the roll body and the drive shaft of the disintegrator, and to reestablish the same, without difficulties, even though these connection elements are to be found in positions that are very difficult to access. 
   Embodiments of the invention are presented in the following with the aid of drawings. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       FIG. 1  in longitudinal section, a disintegrator roll constructed in accord with the invention, with a clip type connector between the roll body of said disintegrator roll and its fittings carrier; 
       FIG. 2  in plan view, a detail of the connector shown in  FIG. 1  (view I—I); 
       FIG. 3  in front view, a further detail of the apparatus shown in  FIG. 1 , (in direction of f 2 ); 
       FIG. 4  a section of an invented latch type connector between the roll body and the fittings carrier of the disintegrator; 
       FIG. 5  a section of another design of a latch type connector; 
       FIG. 6  a plan view on the latch type connector of  FIG. 5  (section II—II); 
       FIG. 7  a sectional detail of the connector shown in  FIG. 5  in a variant design; and 
       FIG. 8  in a schematic cross-section, an invented connector between the drive shaft and the roll body of the disintegrator roll, including an activation element for this connection apparatus. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
   Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the figures. Each embodiment is provided by way of explanation of the invention and not meant as a limitation of the invention. It is intended that the invention include modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein. 
   As shown in  FIG. 1 , each spinning unit of an open-end spinning machine possesses a disintegrator with a disintegrator roll ( 1 ) enclosed in a housing (not shown), which is assembled from several disintegrator roll components, namely a roll body  10  and a fittings carrier  11  which bears the fittings  110 . The roll body  10 , by force fit, is placed on a drive shaft  2 . The drive shaft  2  receives its own rotational drive in the customary way by means of a circumferential shaft sheave  21  (see  FIG. 8 ) which is disposed on the end of the drive shaft, remote from the roll body  10 . This sheave  21  accommodates a tangential or single drive belt (not shown). The drive shaft  2  is carried in conventional fashion on ball bearings  22  in a journal  20 . The roll body  10  of the disintegrator roll  1  possesses, where these ball bearings  22  are concerned, a clearance  23 , so that its rotation is not impaired by the non-rotating journal  20 . 
   The set of fittings  110  is in accord with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , which also demonstrates the interpositioning of a ring  111 , which encircles the outer circumferential surface of the fittings carrier  11 . However, as may be seen in  FIG. 1 , it is entirely possible to place the fitting  110  directly on the outer circumferential surface of the fittings carrier  11 . To assure the centering of the fittings carrier  11 , the roll body  10  possesses a ring groove  100  facing the fittings carrier  11 , into which the fittings carrier  11  with the fittings  110  carrying ring  111  partially penetrates. 
   The connection of the fittings carrier  11  to the roll body  10  is subjected to no great axial forces, since, during the spinning operation, essentially only radial forces act upon the individual components of the disintegrator roll  1 . Consequently, a clip type connector  3  suffices, which, in accord with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , is comprised of a stud  30  as well as a stud receptor  31 . In this arrangement, the stud  30  (or a similar boltlike element) extends longitudinally in a radial direction toward the inside, that is, in the direction of the drive shaft  2  and is made as an integral part of a ring  300 , which is placed in a corresponding recess  112  of the fittings carrier, which recess extends circumferentially within the entire circumference of the fittings carrier  11 . 
   The roll body  10 , also carries a ring  310  with the already mentioned stud receptor  31 . This receptor  31  is essentially in the shape of a open slot  311 , which, itself, is oriented essentially parallel to the disintegrator roll axis of drive shaft  2 . The slot  311  possesses on its open end, which is facing the length of the stud  30 , (which is to enter therein) a tapered entry  312 , which terminates in a narrow passage  313  (see  FIG. 2  as well). At this narrow passage  313 , the sidewalls of the said slot  311  exhibit a side to side distance a which is smaller than the diameter d 1  of the stud  30 . At this narrow passage  313 , is an adjacent enlargement  314 , which, in regard to shape and dimensioning, essentially fits the shape and the dimensioning of the stud  30 .  FIG. 2  shows the slot  311  continues on from this enlargement  314 , in a longitudinal stretch  315  of width b 1  which is less than the diameter of the said enlargement  314 . 
   As can be seen in  FIG. 2 , running essentially parallel to the slot  311  is provided an additional slot  317 , which is so closely placed by the first slot  311 , that the relatively thin side wall  316  can yield when the stud  30 , passes through the said narrow passage  313  in its penetration movement. The wall  316 , conversely, returns to its original, narrow position when the stud has continued on and rests in its place within the complementary, slot enlargement  314 . To this end, the ring  310 , in the embodiment according to  FIG. 1 , is made of a resilient material, for instance, from an appropriate plastic. 
   Various fibers are feed materials for open-end spinning machines, especially natural fibers such as cotton, but also artificial substances such as polyacryl, polyester, viscose and mixtures of any of these. These varied fiber materials are not uniformly disentangled in optimum manner with fittings  110  of universal application, even if the speed of rotation of the disintegrator is adjusted to the individual fiber material. What is looked for as necessary is the achievement of optimal spinning results. To bring about such results, it is desirable to apply the best suited fittings  110  with appropriate distribution of teeth or tooth-shape or to employ fittings of optimum needle type. 
   An exchange of the fittings  110  is introduced by bringing the disintegrator roll  1  to a standstill. Then, in a conventional way, the disintegrator roll  1  is made accessible, so that the fittings carrier  11  can then be seized, and in the direction of the arrow f 1  pulled away from the roll body  10 . When the stud  30  leaves the stud receptor  31 , the sidewall  316  yields from the pressure exerted by the stud  30 , until the stud  30  has passed through the narrow passage  313 . During the withdrawal of the stud  30  out of the stud receptor  31 , the fittings carrier  11  along with the ring  111  and the fittings  110  simultaneously leave the ring groove  100  of the roll body  10 . The fittings carrier  11 , freed in this way from the roll body  10 , can now be completely taken out of the housing of the disintegrator. 
   In a similar manner, subsequently an already prepared fittings carrier  11  with a different fitting  110  can be installed. After this has been properly positioned in respect to the roll body  10 , then the fittings carrier  11 , by means of an axially directed force can be connectingly pushed in the direction of the roll body  10 . As this is done, the ring shaped area of the fittings carrier  11  carrying the fittings  110  is centered in the annular groove  100  of the roll body  10 , while the stud  30  now enters the area of the tapered entry  312 , whereby the stud receptor  31  sets up an increasing resistance until the stud  30  has passed the narrowed passage  313  and snaps into the slot enlargement  314 . When the connection apparatus  3  once again takes up its holding position, then the position of the stud  30  is exactly defined in the stud receptor  31 , since the stud  30  cannot leave the slot enlargement  314  either in the direction of the entry tapering  312  nor in the opposite direction of the longitudinal extension  315  which is too narrow for its passage. 
   If in such a case, as shown in the embodiment of  FIG. 1 , the connection device  3  is not installed coaxial to the drive shaft  2 , the recommendation would be to provide two or more connection apparatuses  3  of that kind. These would be arrayed in a circle concentric to the drive shaft  2  at equal circumferential distances from one another (not shown). With such an apportionment, unbalance would be avoided. 
   The release of the connection apparatus  3  can be supported with the help of an ejection device  4 , which, in accord with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , possesses an ejection plate  40  which can be inserted to be against a provided, internal ejector contact surface  41  on an end wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11 . This end wall  113  covers that side of the fittings carrier  11  adjacent to the end of the drive shaft  2 . The ejector contact surface  41  is to be found on that side of the end wall  113  proximal to the roll body  10 . For the sake of safety, in order to avoid a tilt of the fittings carrier  11  in relation to the roll body  10  during the withdrawal by the ejection plate  40 , in accord with the embodiment of  FIG. 1 , the contact surface  41  is placed concentric to the fittings carrier  11 . 
   The ejection contact surface  41  surrounds a ejection plate access opening  42  ( FIGS. 1 ,  3 ) which penetrates the said end wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11 . Both this ejection plate access opening  42  and also the ejection plate  40  possess, respectively, a contour which deviates from the circular, so that the ejection plate  40  can be brought into a first turning position through this ejection plate access opening  42  on the side of the end wall  113  remote from the roll body  10 . In this way, the shape of the non-circular ejection plate access opening  42  and the ejection plate  40 , may assume, for example, the shape of a triangle, or a rectangle, an oval, or the like. 
   In accord with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 3 , the ejection plate access opening  42  is comprised of a circular, open mid-area  420  as well as two diametrically opposite slots  421  and  422 , the widths b 2  of which are smaller than the diameter d 2  of the central section  420 . A similar contour is shown by the ejection plate  40 , wherein the diameter d 3  of its center section  400  is smaller than the diameter d 2  of the center section  420  of the ejection plate access opening  42  and the length l 2  and the width b 3  of its radial projections  401  and  402  are less than the corresponding dimensions of the center area length l 1  and width b 2  of the slots  421  and  422 . 
   If the ejection plate  40  has passed through the ejection plate access opening  42 , then, the ejection device  4  would be brought by turning about its longitudinal axis into a second rotated position, in which, by withdrawing the ejection device  4  in the direction of the arrow f 1 , the radial projections  401  and  402  on the ejection plate contact surface  41  lie between the slots  421  and  422  and upon a further pulling action in said direction, the stud  30  moves out of the stud receptor  31 . In the same action, the ring  111  and the fittings  110  are released from the ring groove  100 , so that the now loosened fittings carrier  11  can be withdrawn from the roll body  10 . 
   The object of the invention, within the framework of the invention, can be altered in many ways, especially by means of the exchange of individual or several features with equivalents, or by other combinations of the invented features or their equivalents. Instead of the described arrangement, also a reversed placement of the stud  30  and the stud receptor  31  is possible, so that the stud  30  is carried by the roll body  10  and the stud receptor  31  is a component of the fittings carrier  11 . 
   It is further possible, that the stud  30  be aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft, whereby the stud  30  would be provided with a thickened head (not shown). Also, in such a design and orientation of the stud  30  (also not shown), the stud  30  can be introduced, again with its thickened head, into the tapered entry  312  and through the narrow passage  313  to come to rest in the widened opening  314 . In this case the bolt also carries out its function for the establishment of the connection between the roll body  10  and the fittings carrier  11 . The release of this lockup is done in an analogous manner as this has been explained in connection with a bolt  30  which has been installed in the radial direction. 
   The stud receptor  31 , instead of being in the form of a slot  311 , can also be a boring, which possesses laterally situated elastic elements for the snap in of the stud  30  as it assumes its operational position. 
   It is obvious that the stud  30  need not be carried by a ring  300  which is part of the fittings carrier  11 , but can be placed directly in a corresponding boring (not shown) of the fittings carrier  11  or the roll body  10  (in an reverse design of the connection apparatus  3 ). 
   Instead of an elastic design of the sidewall  316 , an alternative provision could be, that the side wall  316  be made of a rigid material and parts of this sidewall  316  (for example, at the area of the narrow passage  313 ) be subjected to the loading of an elastic element, for example a compression spring or the like, in order to make possible the required yielding motion. Alternatively, provision can be made that the stud receptor  31  be made wholly rigid, and accordingly, the stud  30  would then possess the elastic characteristics. In this case, the stud, for example, on its free end or head area, would carry an elastic ring or the like (not shown). This elastic ring, during its introduction into the tapered entry  312 , would be pressed into a circumferential groove in the stud  30 , until this elastic element, upon reaching the expansion  314  could once again expand and hold the stud  30  in its desired position. 
   Instead of a clip type connection device  3 , a latch type connection apparatus  5  could be employed (FIG.  4 ). This possesses, essentially, a latching member hook  50  as well as a latch shoulder  51  and a release apparatus  52 . Principally, no difference is made, in this case, as to whether the latch S 0  is mounted on the fittings carrier  11  and the recess  510  with the latch shoulder  51  is carried by the roll body  10  or whether the arrangement of these components is reversed. However, from the design standpoint, it is to be recommended as advantageous to place the release apparatus  52  in that same place where the latch shoulder  51  is located. 
   In accord with  FIG. 4 , the latch hook  50  is firmly bound to the fittings carrier  11  and extends itself parallel to the axis of the drive shaft  2  in the direction of the roll body  10 . This roll body  10  possesses a recess  510 , which extends in the longitudinal direction of the latch hook  50  on a guide surface  54 , which recess  510  is bordered on its end proximal to the fittings carrier  11  by a latch shoulder  51 . The end of the said recess  510 , remote from the said latch shoulder  51 , is terminated by a detent  511 . 
   The release apparatus  52  possesses, as an essential component, a sliding element  520 , which can move back and forth between the detent formed by the said latch shoulder  51  and the detent  511 . In this action, the sliding element  520 , by an appropriate, guide (which is only schematically indicated) is secured in the recess  510 . 
   In the connection position shown in  FIG. 4 , the latch hook  50  is locked behind the latch shoulder  51  and is thus held in this position. In this case, an elastic construction of the latch hook  50  will suffice for this function. In order to increase the assurance of the retention power of said latch hook  50 , the fittings carrier  11  is loaded by a an elastic element, for example, two leaf springs  53 , in a direction toward the latch shoulder  51  so that the latch hook  50  is pressed against the latch shoulder  51 . This elastic element in the form of leaf springs  53  is placed independently of the connection apparatus  5 , whereby for this function, the said annular groove  100  of the roll body  10  suffices. 
   In order to activate the release mechanism  52  for the lifting of the connection between the roll body  10  and the fittings carrier  11 , so that this is freed, the latch hook  50  is moved counter to the force of the leaf springs  53  in the longitudinal direction of the recess  510 . To this end, a pressure in the direction of the arrow f 2  is exerted against the fittings carrier  11 . When this is done, the latch hook  50  pushes the release element  520  before it until the release element reaches the detent  511  on the other end of the recess  510 . At this moment, the latch hook  50  slides over a lifting edge  521 , which is part of the release element  520 , reaching a guide surface  524  which is also part of the release element  520 , that element now being motionless, due to its abutting the detent  511 . Because of the ending of the exertion of pressure on the fittings carrier  11 , the said leaf springs  53  force the fittings carrier  11  in the direction of the arrow f 1  and thereby away from the roll body  10 . The latch hook  50  is carried along, without leaving the guide surface  524  of the release element  520 , which element also follows this movement. Now the release element  520  finally abuts the latch shoulder  51  and is thereby prevented from following the progressing return movement of the fittings carrier  11 . Because of the abutment of the release element  520  against the said latch shoulder  51 , the latch hook  50  can not engage anew on the latch shoulder  51 , but slides off the guide surface  524  of the release element  520  and onto the unobstructed surface  54 . The fittings carrier  11  can now be removed from the roll body  10 . 
   As may be seen from the above description, due to being lifted out of the recess  510 , the latch hook  50  comes into a movement track which circles the recess  510 , in which the latch hook  50  is conducted around the recess  510 . When this occurs, this movement path is formed essentially by means of the guide surface  524  of the release element  520  as well as the guide surface  54 . 
   Another fittings carrier  11 , equipped with such fittings as is desired, now can be installed in place of the removed fittings carrier  11  by being pushed onto the roll body  10  in the direction of the arrow f 2 . In this way, the latch hook  50  reaches the release element  520  and pushes this before it, until the latch hook  50  engages itself behind the latch shoulder  51  and thus secures the fittings carrier  11  in its position against the roll body  10 . 
   In order to assure the security of the sliding, i.e., the come-along of the release element  520  in the desired manner, provision can be made, that the release element  520  slightly exceeds the height the recess  510 . In order to ease the pushing of the latch hook  50  on to the release element  520 , the latch hook  50  can have a run-on ramp on its end proximal to the release element  520 , which enables the elastically designed or elastically held latch hook  50  to yield in such a manner, that it can slide onto the release element  520 . For this purpose, the lifting edge  521  proximal to the latch hook  50  can be provided, outside of the recess  510 , with a chamfer or a small ramp  522 . 
   In an embodiment, not presented in a figure, in the case of the just described embodiment the release element  520  can be furnished without, or only with a short run-on ramp, and, on this account, the lifting edge  521 , upon contact of the release element  520  against the latch hook  51 , stands slightly above the latching shoulder  51 . Thereby, the latch hook  50  springs over the latch shoulder  51  upon the withdrawal of the latch hook  50 . 
   In accord with the variant shown in  FIGS. 5 ,  6 , the release apparatus  52  possesses a displacement means designed as an angled diversion  523 , which deflects the latch hook  50  to the side. Upon pushing the fittings carrier  11  onto the roll body  10 , the elastically constructed, or the elastically secured latch hook  50  is diverted hereby from the straight movement path A into a deflected curved path B, in which the recess  510  is to be found, and where the latch hook  50  engages itself behind the latch shoulder. 
   For the lifting of this latch connection, the latch hook  50  with its ramp  500  is caused to run on to a lift edge  513  on the other end of the recess  510 , and thereby, is completely lifted out of the recess  510  and out of the operational area of the diversion means  523  so that the sideways bending of the prestressed latch hook  50  reassumes its straight position once more and thus returns directly into the straight movement track A, which runs next to the curved track B. If now, the fittings carrier  11  is withdrawn from the roll body  10 , then, the latch hook  50  does not create any resistance to said withdrawal, because the latch hook  50  is no longer in the diverted path B of movement with the latch shoulder  51 . 
   In accord with  FIG. 5 , the latch hook  50  is connected to a supporting surface  60 , which is movably placed in the fittings carrier  11 . The support surface  60  is held relatively large and serves as an operative element for the connection apparatus  6 . If several connection apparatuses  6  are placed equally apportioned about a circular line in the front wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11 , then the support surface  60  can also be ring shaped and be designed as a common operative element for a plurality of connection apparatuses  6 . The radial support surface  60  is loaded toward the latch shoulder  51  by a compression spring  115 , the other end of which abuts against a radial support wall  114  of the fittings carrier  11 . For the lifting of the latch connection between the fittings carrier  11  and the roll body  10 , the fittings carrier  11  must not be in motion, but a movement of the latch hook  50  suffices, which is attained by pressure on the support surface  60 . 
   For the securement of the connection apparatus  6  in the fittings carrier  11 , a restraint  7  is provided, as a part of which, the latch hook  50  (see  FIG. 5 ) possesses a second hook, which coacts with one of the independent safety detents  70  of the connection apparatus  6 . If the latch hook  50 , as a result of its release, leaves the area of the connection apparatus  6 , then it proceeds with its second hook  501  to contact this security detent  70  and would be held back in this position. The securement detent  70  is a part of the slider  71  which is movable transversely to the direction of motion of the latch hook  50  (see double arrow f 3 ) and is operated by means of an activation device  72 , which in turn is loaded by a compression spring  73  and by means of a (not shown) detent—or the like—is prevented from being pushed outward over the surface of the end wall  113 . 
   The activation apparatus  72  possesses a guide plate  74 , with which a bolt  75  carried by a slider  71  engages. The slider  71  is conducted in a radial direction with the aid of a guide (not shown), so that it can principally carry out radial movements. In the position shown in  FIG. 5  by dotted lines the slider  71  is found in its operational position, in which the latch hook  50 , after its release by the connection apparatus  6  comes into contact with the latch shoulder  70 . If now the activation apparatus  72  is activated, then the slider  71 , with the aid of the plate guide  74  is drawn out of the space of the latch hook  50 , which is hereby released. Accordingly, provision may be made, that the connection apparatus  6 , in the connection on the guide surface  54  which is proximal to the fittings carrier  11 , can exhibit an incline  76 , so that the space between the support wall  114  and the roll body  10  is increased. If the hook  501 , after the withdrawal of the slider  71 , comes to lie adjacent with the support wall  114 , then, by an appropriate energizing of the activation element  72  the slider is pushed against the hook  501 , in order to slide this downward from the support wall  114 , so that the latch hook  50 , while making use of the space created by the incline  76 , releases the fittings carrier  11 . 
   At the operational speed of rotation of the disintegrator roll  1  of 8000 or more RPM, severe centrifugal forces are present. In order to secure the latch hook  50  in its idle position against these centrifugal forces, the latch shoulder  51  can be designed with a back-cut  514  and the latch hook  50  which engages with latch shoulder  51 , can be provided with a recess  502  which is complementary to the back-cut  514  (see FIG.  7 ). If the latch hook  50  is directly, or indirectly loaded with the force of the leaf springs  53  or the like (see  FIG. 4 ) or of a compression spring  115  (see FIG.  5 ), then the latch hook  50  is pressed even more securely into the backcut  514 , so that the latch hook  50  cannot undesirably leave the back-cut  514 . According to the arrangement of the latch shoulder, the back-cut  514  can be in an acute angle, relative to the guide surface  54 , or made to fit a stepped form of the latch shoulder  51 . 
   Instead of a lifting edge  521  or  513 , a lifting means can be activated by the motion of the latch hook  50  and can be provided (not shown). This would be, for instance, a kind of an angular lever, which is pivoted by means of the advance of the latch hook  50  and thereby, the latch hook  50  is lifted out of the recess  510 . 
     FIG. 8  shows an activator element  9  serving now as an ejection device  43  which is located in the drive shaft  2 , which is designed as a hollow shaft. The activator element  9  is pushed inside the drive shaft  2  in the longitudinal direction and abuts the contact surface  41 , so that the withdrawal of the fittings carrier  11  from the roll body  10  is supported. 
   In case it is desired, and if space conditions allow, it is entirely possible that this ejector  43  can be inserted each time upon need, in the drive shaft  2  from its end distal from the disintegrator roll  1  or, in the reverse action, be once again withdrawn from the drive shaft  2 . It would be more simple to manipulate and, in consideration of the generally very close space conditions, also more advantageous, if this ejector  43  were to remain permanently in the drive shaft  2  of the disintegrator roll  1 . In this way, the connection apparatus  3 ,  5  or  6  without the aid of tools, can be brought not only into its connection position but also into its release position. 
   In order to prevent the ejector  43  from undesirably leaving the drive shaft  2 , that end of the ejector  43  which is proximal to the end wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11  is equipped with a striking plate  430 , which extends itself in a radial direction beyond the boring  24  which accepts push-out device  43  in the drive shaft  2 . In an analogous manner, also that end of the ejector  43  which is remote from the fittings carrier  11  is equipped with a manual push-plate  431 . In this way, the maximum thrust path of the ejector  43 , relative to the drive shaft, is a specified distance. So that the contact plate  430  does not undesirably come to rest on the face of the end wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11 , in accord with the depicted embodiment, between the plate  431  and the end  125 , which is proximal to this plate  431 , a compression spring  432  is installed, or another analogous elastic element is provided, which, for instance, holds the ejector  43  always in that end position, in which its contact plate  430  maintains a specified distance from the provided ejector contacting surface  41  which is on the front wall  113  of the fittings carrier  11 , or from a releasing position of the connection apparatuses  3 ,  5  or  6 . To initiate the removal of the fittings carrier  11  from the roll body  10 , the assigned operator presses the ejector  43  counter to the force of the compression spring  432  against ejection surface  41 . After its release, the ejector  43  returns into its operative base position again because of the force of the compression spring  432 . 
   For example, arrangements can be made to clean the covered, inner face surface of the housing (not shown) of the disintegrator roll  1  and to remove the disintegrator roll  1  in its entirety from the drive shaft  2 . So that the drive shaft  2  can remain in the machine, between the roll body  10  and the drive shaft  2  is provided a clearance  26  and for the connection of the roll body  10  with the drive shaft  2  a clip type  3  or a latch arrangement  8  is available. This is principally to fulfill the purpose of assuring that the roll body  10  remains in axial alignment on the drive shaft  2 . However, the components can also take on responsibility for the transmission of the rotation from the drive shaft  2  to the roll body  10 . 
   The clip or latch type connection apparatus can be constructed in various manners. The following description limits itself to an embodiment example of the type shown in  FIG. 8 , in accord with which, for the transmission of the rotation from the drive shaft  2  to the roll body  10 , a latch type connection is provided. This has at least one sphere  80 , which is retained for one part, in a complementary recess  81  in the circumferential surface of the drive shaft  2  and for the other part, fits into a corresponding recess  82  in the inner circumferential surface of the roll body  10 . The sphere  80  is, in this installation, subjected to the force of a compression spring  83  by means of which the sphere  80  is pressed into the said recess  81 . 
   In order to be able to withdraw the roll body  10  from the drive shaft  2 , principally, no additional measures or auxiliary means are required. However, the removal of the roll body  10  from the drive shaft  2  is eased, and also a later reverse action of replacing the roll body  10  on the drive shaft  11  are additionally eased by the already cited activation element  9 . In accord with the embodiment shown in  FIG. 8 , the ejector  43  is an integral component of this activation element  9 , however, the activation element  9  can be provided for the activation of the connection apparatus  8  independent as to whether an ejector  43  is provided or not. The activation element  9  is integral with a lifting device  90  acting in a radial direction, which, in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 8 , is constructed in the form of one or more cams  900 , which extend themselves in a radial direction and reach, essentially, to an imaginary extended outside surface line  29  of the drive shaft  2 . The depicted, at-least-one cam  900 , is guided into a slot shaped radial opening  27  of the drive shaft  2 . This slot  27  ends in the recess  81 . The slot  27  has such a length, in the direction of the activation element  9  in the axial boring  24  of the drive shaft  2 , that the cam  900  (or a plurality thereof, in which case a sphere  80  for each must be provided)—if the sphere  80  is to enter its recess  81 —is withdrawn from that area of said recess  81 . The cam  900  is now available for the lifting of the connection between the drive shaft  2  and the roll body  10  of the connection apparatus  8 . Accordingly, the cam  900  moves into the connection apparatus  8  in such a manner, that the sphere  80  is lifted up the cam ramp onto a surface  901  of the cam  900 . This surface is at the level of the circumferential surface of the drive shaft  2 . In this position of the sphere  80 , the axial movement of the roll body  10  is free of obstruction. 
   Instead of the sphere  80  and the recess  81 , it is also possible, for a corresponding result, to provide (not shown) a centering and locking rod moving in a radial direction with a centering boring. In an additional embodiment, the sphere  80  or the said centering rod can be provided on the drive shaft  2  and the recess  81  or the centering hole on the roll body. Because of centrifugal force, the pressure of the sphere or the centering rod on the, recess or centering opening is greatly increased, which leads, during rotation, to a much stronger connection and centering effect. A corresponding connection can also be established between the roll body  10  and the fittings carrier  11 . 
   The described sphere(s)  80  of the connection apparatus, as already mentioned, suffices for the rotational inclusion effect of the roll body  10  by the drive shaft  2 . In order that the rotational inclusion effect can be achieved independently of the connection apparatus  8 , in accord with  FIG. 8 , for example, both in the circumferential surface of the drive shaft, as well as that of the roll body  10 , a longitudinal groove  28 , or a groove  101  is provided, in which a spring  102  is inserted. The force fit connection between the drive shaft  2  and the roll body  10  in the direction of rotation can also be effected by a kind of toothed engagement, or yet in another manner.

Technology Category: 6