Patent Document

RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/146,742, filed on Sep. 3, 1998, U.S. Pat. No. 6,348,411 issued Feb. 19, 2002, whose amended title is “Method of Making a Contact Structure,”of which a divisional patent application Ser. No. 09/300,363 was filed Apr. 26, 1999, was now U.S. patent No. 6,740,916 issued May 25, 2004, with the title “Contact Structure,”both of which are incorporated herein by reference. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. The Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to the formation of a contact for an integrated circuit device on a semiconductor substrate, such as a silicon wafer. More particularly, the invention is directed to the formation of a self-aligned contact for a memory device in an integrated circuit device formed on a semiconductor material layer or substrate. 
   2. The Relevant Technology 
   As microchip technology continues to increase in complexity and decrease in component size, dimensions are shrinking to the quarter micron scale and smaller. With use of the current high-yield photolithographic techniques, the margin of error has become increasingly tighter such that a single misaligned fabrication step can cause an entire chip to be flawed and be discarded. As devices shrink further, overstepping each process step&#39;s window of error increases the likelihood of fabrication failure. A production-worthy device feature requires incidental skill of a process engineer and a fabrication operator to fabricate the feature. 
   One device that is subject to the ever-increasing pressure to miniaturize is the dynamic random access memory (DRAM). DRAMs comprise arrays of memory cells that contain two basic components—a field effect access transistor and a capacitor. Typically, one side of the transistor is connected to one side of the capacitor. The other side of the transistor and the transistor gate electrode are connected to external connection lines called a bit line and a word line, respectively. The other side of the capacitor is connected to a reference voltage. Therefore, the formation of the DRAM memory cell comprises the formation of a transistor, a capacitor and contacts to external circuits. 
   It is advantageous to form integrated circuits with smaller individual elements so that as many elements as possible may be formed in a single chip. In this way, electronic equipment becomes smaller, assembly and packaging costs are minimized, and integrated circuit performanc is improved. The capacitor is usually the largest element of the integrated circuit chip. Consequently, the development of smaller DRAMs focuses to a large extent on the capacitor. Three basic types of capacitors are used in DRAMs--planar capacitors, trench capacitors, and stacked capacitors. Most large capacity DRAMs are stacked capacitors because of their greater capacitance, reliability, and ease of formation. For stacked capacitors, the side of the capacitor connected to the transistor is commonly referred to as the “storage node,” and the side of the capacitor connected to the reference voltage is called the cell plate. The cell plate is a layer that covers the entire top array of all substrate-connected devices, while there is an individual storage node for each respective storage bit site. 
   The areas in a DRAM to which an electrical connection is made are the gate of a transistor of the DRAM, a contact plug to an active area, and the active area itself. Active areas, which serve as source and drain regions for transistors, are discrete specially doped regions in the surface of the silicon substrate. A bit line contact corridor (BLCC) is created in order to make electrical connection to an active area. The BLCC is an opening created through the insulating material separating the bit line and the active area. The BLCCs are filled with a conductive material, such as doped polysilicon, doped Al, AlSiCu, or Ti/TiN/W. Before filling the BLCC, however, a process engineer must design a process flow for fabricating the BLCC that assures that the BLCC is not misaligned and, therefore, not prone to shorting out or subject to errant charge leaking due to an exposed cell plate in the BLCC. 
   Conventional methods of fabricating bit line contacts may tend to cause shorting of the bit line contact in the BLCC into the cell plate due to misalignment. For example, titanium is conventionally sputtered into a BLCC. Next, titanium nitride is deposited by CVD or PVD processing. A rapid thermal anneal step (RTA) then causes silicide formation. Tungsten is then deposited to fill the remaining opening in the BLCC. Depending upon the accuracy in the formation of the BLCC itself, it is possible for the BLCC to be shorted to other conducting layers. This is described below. In general, the BLCC can also be composed of tungsten, titanium/tungsten, aluminum, copper, a refractory metal silicide with aluminum, and a refractory metal silicide with copper. 
   As the size of the DRAM is reduced, the size of the active areas and the BLCCs available for contacts to reach the active areas are also reduced. Every process step has its own alignment limitations. While alignment is not exact between process steps, strict tolerances are required in order to accomplish a corridor that avoids a short between a contact that will be deposited in the BLCC and any other conductive materials (i.e., cell plate to active area). Hence, it is desirable to effectively isolate the contacts from the transistor and capacitor components while optimizing the space available to make the contacts. 
   The conventional methods of forming contacts between bit lines and active areas experience alignment problems in avoiding a short circuit between the electrically conductive bit line contact and the cell plate or storage node of a capacitor. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   A method and structure is disclosed that are advantageous for preventing shorting of a contact to an active area with a capacitor cell plate and a capacitor storage node. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a method of fabricating a DRAM is disclosed that utilizes an insulated sleeve structure to self-align a bit line contact corridor (BLCC) to an active area of a DRAM transistor. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, capacitors are formed over a semiconductor substrate. In the context of this document, the term “semiconductor substrate” is defined to mean any construction comprising semiconductive material including, but not limited to, bulk semiconductive material such as a semiconductive wafer, either alone or in assemblies comprising other materials thereon, and semiconductive material layers, either alone or in assemblies comprising other materials. The term “substrate” refers to any supporting structure including, but not limited to, the semiconductor substrates described above. The term “substrate” refers to any supporting structure including but not limited to the semiconductor substrates described above. 
   In the inventive method, a lower bulk insulator layer is formed upon the semiconductor substrate and a dielectric layer is formed upon the lower bulk insulator layer. Next, a conductor layer is formed upon the dielectric layer and an upper bulk insulator layer is formed upon the conductor layer. An etch is performed to selectively remove the conductor layer, the dielectric layer, and the lower bulk insulator layer so as to form an opening defined by the lower bulk insulator layer, the dielectric layer, and the conductor layer. The opening terminates at a bottom surface within the lower bulk insulator layer above the semiconductor substrate. 
   Next, a sleeve insulator layer is deposited upon the upper bulk insulator layer and within the opening so as to make contact with each of the lower bulk insulator layer, the dielectric layer, and the conductor layer. An etch process is then performed to substantially remove the sleeve insulator layer from the bottom surface within the lower bulk insulator layer above the semiconductor substrate and from on top of the insulator layer, thus leaving the sleeve insulator layer in contact with each of the lower bulk insulator layer, the dielectric layer, and the conductor layer. 
   Another etch process then selectively removes the lower bulk insulator layer to create a contact hole defined by the sleeve insulator layer and the lower bulk insulator layer and to expose a contact on the semiconductor substrate. A conductive plug is then formed in the contact hole upon the contact on the semiconductor substrate such that the sleeve insulator layer electrically insulates the conductive plug from the conductor layer. 
   The sleeve insulator layer, which self-aligns the BLCC, allows for improved alignment tolerances between the BLCC and other layers, thus preventing errant charge leakage and short circuits between the conductive plug formed within the BLCC and the other layers. 
   Conceptually, the etching of the BLCC progressively deeper into the lower bulk insulator layer can be carried out incrementally with a plurality of depositions of the material of the sleeve insulator layer, each deposition being followed by an etch of the sleeve insulator layer to remove the same from the bottom of the BLCC within the lower bulk insulator layer. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     A more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not, therefore, considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which: 
       FIGS. 1-5  are cross-sectional views of a DRAM memory cell undergoing fabrication according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIGS. 6-9  illustrate a selected portion of  FIG. 5  as it is subjected to fabrication according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
       FIGS. 10 and 11  illustrate second and third embodiments of the present invention, taking a similar selected portion as from  FIG. 5 , wherein the cell plate has a larger surface area around the storage node. 
       FIGS. 12-16  illustrate the first embodiment of the present invention and the accomplished structure&#39;s protective effect against shortages despite a misaligned mask and etch. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The present invention will be described in terms of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. CMOS is commonly used in integrated circuit technology. The invention, however, may be used in other integrated circuit technologies. CMOS generally refers to an integrated circuit in which both N-channel and P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are used in a complementary fashion. CMOS integrated circuits are typically formed with a lightly doped P-type silicon substrate or a lightly doped N-type silicon substrate. The present invention will be described using lightly doped P-type silicon as the starting material, although the invention may be implemented with other substrate materials. If other substrate materials are used, then there may be corresponding differences in materials and structures of the device as is well known in the art. 
   The formation of integrated circuits includes photolithographic masking and etching. This process consists of creating a photolithographic mask containing the pattern of the component to be formed, and coating the semiconductor substrate with a light-sensitive material called photoresist. The photoresist that coats the semiconductor substrate is then exposed to ultra-violet light or to standard I-line processing through the mask to soften or harden parts of the photoresist (depending on whether positive or negative photoresist is used). The softened parts of the photoresist are then removed, which is followed by etching to remove the materials left unprotected by the photoresist, and then stripping the remaining photoresist. This photolithographic masking and etching process is referred to herein as patterning and etching. 
   In the following discussion, some well-known aspects of DRAM fabrication have been simplified. For example, the structure of the doped source/drain regions generally will be more complex than shown. In addition, the particular materials, structures and processes are intended only to illustrate the invention so that it can be fully understood. 
   An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 1-9 . Referring to  FIG. 1 , a semiconductor substrate  10  comprises a silicon substrate  12  with a gate insulating layer  14 , field oxide regions  16 , active or source/drain regions  18   a  and  18   b,  and access transistors  20 . Each access transistor  20  has a gate electrode  24 , one or more insulating protective layers  26  and  28 , and insulating spacers  30  that are formed on the sides thereof. A lower bulk insulator layer  36  is then deposited and if necessary, planarized. Lower bulk insulator layer  36  is preferably made of a dielectric material such as borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG), phosphosilicate glass (PSG), borosilicate glass (BSG), or spin on glass (SOG). 
   Referring to  FIG. 2 , lower bulk insulator layer  36  is patterned and etched to define a volume  56  in which a capacitor is to be formed in lower bulk insulator layer  36 . Volume  56  exposes portions of substrate  12  at source/drain regions  18   a.    
   Referring to  FIG. 3 , a storage plate  40  is deposited. Storage plate  40 , which is substantially composed of an electrically conductive material, is preferably composed of doped polysilicon or doped rough textured polysilicon. Referring to  FIG. 4 , storage plate  40  has been subjected to an planarizing process, such as chemical mechanical polishing, to form a storage node layer  42 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 5 , a capacitor cell dielectric layer  44  is deposited. Capacitor cell dielectric layer  44 , which is intended to form a portion of dielectric material for a capacitor, is preferably made of Si 3 N 4  or other electrically insulative suitable material such as Ta 2 O 5 , or barium strontium titanate (BST). A cell plate layer  46  is then deposited. Cell plate layer  46  is intended to form a cell plate portion of a capacitor in an integrated circuit. 
   A cell plate insulating layer  48  is deposited over cell plate layer  46  so as to electrically insulate portions of cell plate layer  46 . Cell plate insulating layer  48  is preferably substantially composed of Si 3 N 4 , but may also be substantially composed of silicon dioxide or other suitable electrically insulative materials. Preferably, etching processing, which may follow in the process flow, will be selective to the materials of which capacitor cell plate insulating layer  48  is composed. As such, cell plate insulating layer  48  need not necessarily be composed of silicon nitride, but can be composed of another dielectric that resists a BPSG etch or a dielectric etch that is selective to lower bulk insulator layer  36 . 
   The method of forming a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is set forth below and illustrated in  FIGS. 6-11 .  FIG. 6  is a section  100  taken from FIG.  5  and expanded to illustrate greater detail. Referring to  FIG. 6 , there is illustrated lower bulk insulator layer  36 , capacitor cell dielectric layer  44 , cell plate layer  46 , and cell plate insulating layer  48  which is deposited over cell plate layer  46 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 7 , there is illustrated a first etch step wherein a photoresist layer  60  is spun on, exposed, and selectively removed during development to expose a preferred bit line contact site. The first etch step etches cell plate layer  46  and may involve the use of an isotropic component, resulting in an undercut into capacitor cell dielectric layer  44 . The first etch step penetrates the noted conductive and insulative layers and partially penetrates into lower bulk insulator layer  36 . The first step, however, will preferably be anisotropic so as to form a contact hole  70  with no undercut into cell plate layer  46  or less than is illustrated in FIG.  7 . Similar to that which is illustrated in  FIG. 11  as an anisotropic etch extending through layers  36 ,  44 ,  46 , and  48 , it is preferable that an anisotropic etch be performed through layers  36 ,  44 ,  46 , and  48  seen in  FIG. 7  so as to form straight side walls of the etched contact hole  70 . The etch process through layers  36 ,  44 ,  46 , and  48  seen in  FIG. 7 , however, can performed so as to have an isotropic component so as to leave contact hole  70  without straight side walls, although such an isotropic etch is not preferred. 
   Referring to  FIG. 8 , the next step of the present invention method is carried out in which the remaining portions of photoresist layer  60  have been removed, and then a sleeve insulator layer  50  is deposited upon the uppermost surface of cell plate insulating layer  48  and also within the BLCC. An ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process can be used to assist in lateral deposition of sleeve insulator layer  50  upon the sidewalls of the BLCC. Other methods, however, can be employed that are calculated to achieve suitably conformal depositions. A preferred CVD substance for sleeve insulator layer  50  is Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2  (by decomposition of a tetraethylorthosilicate precursor), Ta 2 O 5 , or barium strontium titanate (BST), although the etchant used to etch lower bulk insulator layer  36  should be selective to the substance of sleeve insulator layer  50 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 9 , a second etch step, which is anisotropic, is carried out to remove substantially all of the horizontally exposed portions of sleeve insulator layer  50  from the bottom of the partially formed BLCC. Sleeve insulator layer  50  thus covers the exposed portions of capacitor cell dielectric layer  44 , cell plate layer  46 , and cell plate insulating layer  48  that are within contact hole  70 . 
   The structure represented in  FIG. 9  illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention wherein sleeve insulator layer  50  is formed into a hardened vertical sleeve and cell plate insulating layer  48  is formed into a horizontal plate. As such, sleeve insulator layer  50  with cell plate insulating layer  48  function as a self-aligning contact site that will resist being removed in a subsequent etch step that etches the remainder of lower bulk insulator layer  36 . Such an etch of lower bulk insulator layer  36  will form a conduit from the upper surface of cell plate insulating layer  48  to the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and will not expose cell plate layer  46  at the edges of the BLCC. Sleeve insulator layer  50  will thereby insulate cell plate layer  46  from the effects of errant charge leakage and from shorting once the BLCC is filled with conductive material and put into service as a bit line contact. The embodiment of the invention seen in  FIG. 9  is not limited to bit line contact formation, but can be used where self-aligned contacts are desirable, such as contacts to an active region, a transistor gate, or to a contact plug. 
     FIG. 10  illustrates an example of a second embodiment of the present invention. Cell plate layer  46  maximizes its capacitative effect upon storage node layer  42  by its being wrapped conformally around two opposing vertical faces of storage node layer  42 . In this embodiment, the cell-to-cell bridging of cell plate layer  46  is deeper in the structure. A cell plate insulating layer  48  is deposited upon an upper bulk insulator layer  51 . Then, a partial etch is made through cell plate insulating layer  48  into upper bulk insulator layer  51  and stopping within a lower bulk insulator layer  36  so as to form a contact hole  70 . A secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  is then deposited upon cell plate insulating layer  48  and within contact hole  70 . An anisotropic etch removes secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  from the bottom of contact hole  70  and other laterally exposed portions thereof. The anisotropic etch stops on insulator layer  48 , leaving secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  as a liner on the sidewalls of contact hole  70 . A subsequent openings contact to active region  18 B and a contact plug is formed through secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  and in contact with active region  18   b.    
     FIG. 11  illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention in which a cell plate structure is like the second embodiment, but also has a cell plate insulating layer  48  disposed on top of cell plate layer  46 . The upper surface of cell plate layer  46  is partially insulated by cell plate insulating layer  48 . This third embodiment may be preferred where a neighboring site requires cell plate insulating layer  48 , such as where cell plate insulating layer  48  is useful or convenient so as to avoid masking for deposition of cell plate insulating layer  48 . Cell plate insulating layer  48  should be composed of a material different from capacitor cell dielectric layer  44  so as to best facilitate the partial etch into lower bulk insulator layer  36 . A primary insulator layer  49  is deposited a upper bulk insulator layer  51 . Then, a partial etch is made through primary insulator layer  49  into upper bulk insulator layer  51  and stopping within a lower bulk insulator layer  36  so as to form a contact hole  70 . A secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  is then deposited upon primary insulator layer  49  and within contact hole  70 . An anisotropic etch removes secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  from the bottom of contact hole  70  and other laterally exposed portions thereof. The anisotropic etch stops on primary insulator layer  49 , leaving secondary sleeve insulator layer  50  as a liner on the sidewalls of contact hole  70 . 
   A subsequent etch can be performed upon each of the structures seen in  FIGS. 10 and 11  so as to open a contact to active area  18   b  on silicon substrate  12  through contact hole  70 . A conductive plug (not shown) is then formed within contact hole  70  upon active area  18   b  on silicon substrate  12  so as to be electrically insulated from cell plate layer  46  by sleeve insulator layer  50 . 
     FIGS. 12-14  illustrate the function of the first embodiment of the present invention as it provides a self-aligning contact hole site for further processing. Referring to  FIGS. 12-14 , there are illustrated qualitative process flow examples of which both proper alignment and misalignment in the formation of a contact plug in a contact hole. The misalignment example is set forth to illustrate the self-alignment feature of the invention. 
     FIG. 12  shows large and small off-set alignment circles  82 ,  86  that are meant to indicate an etching process through a layer of insulation material (not shown) above cell plate insulating layer  48  so as to form contact hole  70  defined within sleeve insulator layer  50 . A center line  83  represents the axis through the center of small off-set alignment circle  82 , and a center line  87  represents the axis through the center of large off-set alignment circle  86 . As seen in  FIG. 12 , center line  83  and center line  87  are off set one from the other. A center line  71  represents the axis of contact hole  70 . 
   Small off-set alignment circle  82  shows a misalignment distance Δ 1  from center line  83  to center line  71 . Large off-set alignment circle  86  shows a misalignment distance Δ 2  from center line  87  to center line  71 . The self-alignment of the etch process to form contact hole  70  is due to the selectivity of the etchant in the etch process to both sleeve insulator layer  50  and cell plate insulating layer  48  as the etch process etches lower bulk insulator layer  36 , which defined the termination of contact hole  70 . 
     FIG. 13  shows that an upper bulk insulator layer  51  is deposited within the area defined by sleeve insulator layer  50  and upon cell plate insulating layer  48 . A patterned photoresist layer  60  has been formed upon upper bulk insulator layer  51 . The pattern in patterned photoresist layer  60  is intended to be aligned with respect to sleeve insulator layer  50  so that a subsequent etch will open a contact through upper bulk insulator layer  51  and lower bulk insulator layer  36  to expose a contact on active area  18   b.  Patterned photoresist layer  60 , however, maybe misaligned with respect to sleeve insulator layer  50 , as was illustrated by the foregoing discussion of FIG.  12 . 
   The etch through patterned photoresist layer  56  forms the BLCC via contact hole  70  seen in  FIGS. 14-15 . It is desirable that contact hole  70 , which extends to active area  18   b  through sleeve insulator layer  50 , is formed such that the BLCC is in alignment with contact hole  70  through cell plate layer  46 . When so aligned, the etch has a diameter d seen in  FIG. 12  which extends to the sidewall of sleeve insulator layer  50 , and the largest possible contact to active area  18   b  is achieved. Sleeve insulator layer  50  enables the inventive method to form sub-photolithography resolution limit critical dimensions, such as is seen in FIG.  12 . 
   Referring to  FIG. 14 , a circle  80  illustrates in phantom a cross-section of an etch hole through upper bulk insulator layer  51 . A center line  81  represents an axis passing through the center of circle  80 . In  FIG. 14 , center line  71  represents the axis passing through the center of sleeve insulator layer  50 . The symbol Δ 3  represent the misalignment from the center of circle  80  to the center of sleeve insulator layer  50 . 
     FIG. 14  demonstrates that, although the etch hole is misaligned with respect to sleeve insulator layer  50 , the etch is still self-aligned with sleeve insulator layer  50  due to the selectivity of the etch with respect to the material from which sleeve insulator layer  50  is composed and due to the etch selectivity to the material of which cell plate insulating layer  48  is composed. The self-alignment of the etch through sleeve insulator layer  50  and the stopping of the etch on cell plate insulating layer  48  in effect assures an electrical insulation of cell plate layer  46  that prevents an electrical short with an electrically conductive bit line contact  92  within the BLCC. Bit line contact  92 , which is preferably a conductive plug, can be formed by filling the BLCC with tungsten deposited by chemical vapor deposition with germanium-doped aluminum reflowing, and with other materials and processes. Additionally, a refractory metal silicide may be formed at the bottom of the BLCC upon active area  18   b.  After the material forming bit line contact  92  has been formed within contact hole  70 , a planarizing operation may be conducted to confine the material of bit line contact  92  within contact hole  70  as illustrated in  FIGS. 14-15 . 
   Bit line contact  92  extends through contact hole  70  created by the prior etch process to make direct contact with active area  18   b .  FIG. 14  illustrates that, although the maximum contact size is not achieved when the etch is misaligned, electrical insulation protection is still provided by cell plate insulating layer  48  and sleeve insulator layer  50  so as to prevent shorting of cell plate layer  46  with bit line contact  92 . 
   The process creating the structure seen in  FIG. 14  is substantially the same as that creating the structure seen in FIG.  15 . In  FIG. 15 , a circle  90  illustrates in phantom a cross-section of an etch hole through upper bulk insulator layer  51 . The etch hole is aligned with respect to sleeve insulator layer  50 . Also, the etch is self-aligned with sleeve insulator layer  50  due to the selectivity of the etch with respect to the material from which sleeve insulator layer  50  is substantially composed, and due to the etch selectivity to the material of which cell plate insulating layer  48  is composed. As was described with respect to  FIG. 13 , the self-alignment of the etch through sleeve insulator layer  50  in effect assures electrical insulation of cell plate layer  46  to prevent an electrical short with electrically conductive bit line contact  92  within the BLCC.  FIG. 15  illustrates the maximum contact size on active area  18   b,  as dictated by the diameter of the area defined within sleeve insulator layer  50 . Electrical insulation protection of bit line contact  92  is provided by cell plate insulating layer  48  and sleeve insulator layer  50  so as to prevent shorting of cell plate layer  46  with bit line contact  92 . 
     FIG. 16  shows the divergent types of contacts that can be made using the invention, although all of the depicted contacts need not be present in the same structure nor be situated as depicted in FIG.  16 . In  FIG. 16 , circle  90  illustrates in phantom a cross-section of an etch hole, made by conventional etch processes, through upper bulk insulator layer  51 . A contact plug  72  in upon source/drain region  18   b.  Electrically conductive bit line contact  92  is situated within contact hole  70  and passes through sleeve insulator layer  52  to terminate upon contact plug  72 . Circle  94  illustrates in phantom a cross-section of a contact hole  98 , made by conventional etch processes, through upper bulk insulator layer  51  and into a transistor so as to stop on a gate electrode  24  beneath an insulating protective layer  28  of a transistor. Electrically conductive contact  100  is situated within contact hole  98  and passes through a sleeve insulator layer  52  to make contact with gate electrode  24 . Circle  104  illustrates in phantom a cross-section of a contact hole  106 , made by conventional etch processes, through upper bulk insulator layer  51  and into storage node layer  42 . Electrically conductive contact  102  is situated within contact hole  106  and passes through a sleeve insulator layer  53  to make contact with storage node layer  42 . Sleeve insulator layer  53  insulates electrically conductive contact  102  from cell plate layer  46 . 
   The fabrication method steps of the self-aligning feature, which are illustrated in  FIGS. 1-9  and described above, constitute a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
   The fifth and sixth embodiments of the present invention, illustrated respectively in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , comprise a larger surface area deposition of cell plate layer  46  that requires a deeper penetrating partial etch to create the self-aligning feature. These embodiments vary from the fourth embodiment in that a selective etch step is required to remove most of lower bulk insulator layer  36  so as to expose external lateral surfaces of cell plate layer  46 . In the fifth embodiment seen in  FIG. 10 , upper bulk insulator layer  51  is deposited and planarized and then a sleeve insulator layer  50  is deposited upon upper bulk insulator layer  51  and within contact hole  70 . As was discussed above, a conductive plug (not shown) is formed within contact hole  70  once an etch exposes active area  18   b.  The conductive plug is electrically insulated from cell plate layer  46  by sleeve insulator layer  50  and could also be so insulated by primary insulator layer  48 . The sixth embodiment, seen in  FIG. 11  differs from the fifth embodiment seen in  FIG. 10  in that a cell plate insulating layer  48  is over cell plate layer  46  for off-site coverage where it is useful or inconvenient to mask out deposition upon cell plate layer  46 . 
   Other materials, structures, and processes may be substituted for the particular ones described. For example, silicon nitride, preferably Si 3 N 4 , may be used instead of silicon dioxide for insulating protective layer  28  and spacers  30 . Spin-On Glass (SOG), polyamide insulator (PI), chemical vapor-deposited (CVD) oxide or other insulators such as boron silicate glass (BSG) or phosphosilicate glass (PSG) may be used in place of borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG) for lower bulk insulator layer  36 . Other satisfactory materials may be substituted for any of the above. Or, additional materials, structures, and processes may also be added to those disclosed. 
   The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrated and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims and their whole or partial combination rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Technology Category: h