Patent Document

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0028481 filed Mar. 9, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to an automatic transmission for a vehicle. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art. 
     Generally, an automatic transmission achieving more speed stages has been developed to enhance fuel economy and optimize drivability. 
     Such an automatic transmission achieving more speed stages is preferred to maximize power performance and driving efficiency according to downsizing of an engine. Particularly, we have discovered that a high efficiency multiple-speeds transmission having excellent linearity of step ratios can be used as an index closely related to drivability such as acceleration before and after shift and rhythmical engine speed in order to secure competitiveness in the automatic transmission field. 
     However, in the automatic transmission, as the number of speed stages increase, the number of internal components increase, and as a result, mountability, cost, weight, transmission efficiency, and the like may still deteriorate. 
     Accordingly, development of a planetary gear train which may achieve maximum efficiency with a small number of components can increase a fuel efficiency enhancement effect through the multiple-speeds. 
     In this aspect, in recent years, 8-speed automatic transmissions tend to be implemented and the research and development of a planetary gear train capable of implementing more speed stages has also been actively conducted. 
     However, since a conventional 8-speed automatic transmission has gear ratio span of 6.5-7.5 (gear ratio span is an important factor for securing linearity of step ratios), improvement of power performance and fuel economy may not be very good. 
     In addition, if an 8-speed automatic transmission has gear ratio span larger than 9.0, it is hard to secure linearity of step ratios. Therefore, driving efficiency of an engine and drivability of a vehicle may be deteriorated. 
     Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure has been made in an effort to provide a planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle having advantages of improving power delivery performance and fuel economy by achieving at least eleven forward speed stages and one reverse speed stage, and widening gear ratio span and of securing linearity of step ratios. 
     A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements; a first shaft connecting the first rotation element, the fifth rotation element, the ninth rotation element and the tenth rotation element with each other; a second shaft connected to the second rotation element and directly connected to the input shaft; a third shaft connecting the third rotation element with the fourth rotation element; a fourth shaft connected to the sixth rotation element; a fifth shaft connected to the seventh rotation element and selectively connected to the input shaft; a sixth shaft connected to the eighth rotation element and selectively connected to the second shaft; a seventh shaft connected to the eleventh rotation element; and an eighth shaft connected to the twelfth rotation element. 
     The fifth shaft may be selectively connected to a transmission housing in a state of being disconnected from the input shaft, the sixth shaft may be selectively connected to the fourth shaft and may be selectively connected to the transmission housing in a state of being disconnected from the second shaft, the seventh shaft may be selectively connected to the third shaft and may be directly connected to the output shaft, and the eighth shaft may be selectively connected to the transmission housing. 
     The first, second, and third rotation elements of the first planetary gear set may be a first sun gear, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear, the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements of the second planetary gear set may be a second sun gear, a second planet carrier, and a second ring gear, the seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements of the third planetary gear set may be a third sun gear, a third planet carrier, and a third ring gear, and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements of the fourth planetary gear set may be a fourth sun gear, a fourth planet carrier, and a fourth ring gear, respectively. 
     The first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets may be disposed in a sequence of the third planetary gear set, the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set, and the fourth planetary gear set from the engine. 
     The planetary gear train may further include: a first clutch selectively connecting the third shaft with the seventh shaft; a second clutch selectively connecting the input shaft with the fifth shaft; a third clutch selectively connecting the second shaft with the sixth shaft; a fourth clutch selectively connecting the fourth shaft with the sixth shaft; a first brake selectively connecting the fifth shaft with the transmission housing; a second brake selectively connecting the sixth shaft with the transmission housing; and a third brake selectively connecting the eighth shaft with the transmission housing. 
     A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; and a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements, wherein the input shaft is directly connected to the second rotation element, the output shaft is directly connected to the eleventh rotation element, the first rotation element is directly connected to the fifth rotation element, the ninth rotation element and the tenth rotation element, the third rotation element is directly connected to the fourth rotation element, the seventh rotation element is selectively connected to a transmission housing, the eighth rotation element is selectively connected to the transmission housing, and the twelfth rotation element is selectively connected to the transmission housing. 
     The third rotation element may be selectively connected to the output shaft, the sixth rotation element may be selectively connected to the eighth rotation element, the seventh rotation element may be selectively connected to the input shaft in a state of being disconnected from the transmission housing, and the eighth rotation element may be selectively connected to the second rotation element in a state of being disconnected from the transmission housing. 
     The first, second, and third rotation elements of the first planetary gear set may be a first sun gear, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear, the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements of the second planetary gear set may be a second sun gear, a second planet carrier, and a second ring gear, the seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements of the third planetary gear set may be a third sun gear, a third planet carrier, and a third ring gear, and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements of the fourth planetary gear set may be a fourth sun gear, a fourth planet carrier, and a fourth ring gear, respectively. 
     The first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets may be disposed in a sequence of the third planetary gear set, the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set, and the fourth planetary gear set from the engine. 
     The planetary gear train may further include: a first clutch selectively connecting the fourth rotation element with the output shaft; a second clutch selectively connecting the seventh rotation element with the input shaft; a third clutch selectively connecting the second rotation element with the eighth rotation element; a fourth clutch selectively connecting the sixth rotation element with the eighth rotation element; a first brake selectively connecting the seventh rotation element with the transmission housing; a second brake selectively connecting the eighth rotation element with the transmission housing; and a third brake selectively connecting the twelfth rotation element with the transmission housing. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure may achieve at least eleven forward speed stages and one reverse speed stage by combining four planetary gear sets being simple planetary gear sets with seven control elements. 
     In addition, since gear ratio span greater than 11.5 is secured, driving efficiency of the engine may be maximized. In addition, since linearity of step ratios can be secured due to multiple speed stages, drivability such as acceleration before and after shift, rhythmical engine speed, and the like may be improved. 
    
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
       In order that the disclosure may be well understood, there will now be described various forms thereof, given by way of example, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is an operation chart of control elements at each speed stage in the planetary gear train according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. 
     DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 
     B 1 , B 2 , B 3 : first, second, and third brakes 
     C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 : first, second, third, and fourth clutches 
     PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , PG 4 : first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets 
     S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 : first, second, third, and fourth sun gears 
     PC 1 , PC 2 , PC 3 , PC 4 : first, second, third, and fourth planet carriers 
     R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 : first, second, third, and fourth ring gears 
     IS: input shaft OS: output 
     TM 1 , TM 2 , TM 3 , TM 4 , TM 5 , TM 6 , TM 7 , TM 8 : first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth shafts 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features. 
     Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     However, parts which are not related with the description are omitted for clearly describing the embodiments of the present disclosure and like reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout the specification. 
     In the following description, dividing names of components into first, second, and the like is to divide the names because the names of the components are the same as each other and an order thereof is not particularly limited. As used herein, “connect” and its variants includes connection for transmission of force such as torque, e.g., a first component connected to a second component for rotation therewith, or a first component connected to a second component for fixation of the components, e.g. braking or resisting movement. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , a planetary gear train according to first embodiment of the present disclosure includes first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4  disposed on the same axis, an input shaft IS, an output shaft OS, eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8  connected to at least one of rotation elements of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4 , four clutches C 1  to C 4  and three brakes B 1  to B 3  that are control elements, and a transmission housing H. 
     Torque input from the input shaft IS is changed by cooperation of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4 , and the changed torque is output through the output shaft OS. 
     Herein, the planetary gear sets are disposed in a sequence of the third, first, second, and fourth planetary gear sets PG 3 , PG 1 , PG 2 , and PG 4  from an engine. 
     The input shaft IS is an input member and torque from a crankshaft of the engine is torque-converted through a torque converter to be input into the input shaft IS. 
     The output shaft OS is an output member, is disposed in parallel with the input shaft IS, and transmits driving torque to a driving wheel through a differential apparatus. 
     The first planetary gear set PG 1  is a single pinion planetary gear set and includes a first sun gear S 1 , a first planet carrier PC 1  rotatably supporting a first pinion P 1  that is externally meshed with the first sun gear S 1 , and a first ring gear R 1  that is internally meshed with the first pinion P 1  respectively as first, second, and third rotation elements N 1 , N 2 , and N 3 . 
     The second planetary gear set PG 2  is a single pinion planetary gear set and includes a second sun gear S 2 , a second planet carrier PC 2  rotatably supporting a second pinion P 2  that is externally meshed with the second sun gear S 2 , and a second ring gear R 2  that is internally meshed with the second pinion P 2  respectively as fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements N 4 , N 5 , and N 6 . 
     The third planetary gear set PG 3  is a single pinion planetary gear set and includes a third sun gear S 3 , a third planet carrier PC 3  rotatably supporting a third pinion P 3  that is externally meshed with the third sun gear S 3 , and a third ring gear R 3  that is internally meshed with the third pinion P 3  respectively as seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements N 7 , N 8 , and N 9 . 
     The fourth planetary gear set PG 4  is a single pinion planetary gear set and includes a fourth sun gear S 4 , a fourth planet carrier PC 4  rotatably supporting a fourth pinion P 4  that is externally meshed with the fourth sun gear S 4 , and a fourth ring gear R 4  that is internally meshed with the fourth pinion P 4  respectively as tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements N 10 , N 11 , and N 12 . 
     The first rotation element N 1 , the fifth rotation element N 5 , the ninth rotation element N 9  and the tenth rotation element N 10  are directly connected with each other, and the third rotation element N 3  is directly connected to the fourth rotation element N 4  by two shafts among the eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8 . 
     The eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8  will be described in further detail. 
     The eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8  directly connect a plurality of rotation elements among the rotation elements of the planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4 , and are rotation members that are directly connected to any one rotation element of the planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4  and rotate with the any one rotation element to transmit torque, or are fixed members that directly connect any one rotation element (or more) of the planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4  to the transmission housing H to fix the any one rotation element. 
     The first shaft TM 1  directly connects the first rotation element N 1  (first sun gear S 1 ), the fifth rotation element N 5  (second planet carrier PC 2 ), the ninth rotation element N 9  (third ring gear R 3 ) and the tenth rotation element N 10  (fourth sun gear S 4 ) with each other. 
     The second shaft TM 2  is connected to the second rotation element N 2  (first planet carrier PC 1 ) and is directly connected to the input shaft IS. 
     The third shaft TM 3  directly connects the third rotation element N 3  (first ring gear R 1 ) with the fourth rotation element N 4  (second sun gear S 2 ). 
     The fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth rotation element N 6  (second ring gear R 2 ). 
     The fifth shaft TM 5  is connected to the seventh rotation element N 7  (third sun gear S 3 ) and is selectively connected to the input shaft IS or the transmission housing H. 
     The sixth shaft TM 6  is connected to the eighth rotation element N 8  (third planet carrier PC 3 ) and is selectively connected to the second shaft TM 2  that is directly connected to the input shaft IS, or the transmission housing H. In addition, the sixth shaft TM 6  is selectively connected to the fourth shaft TM 4 . 
     The seventh shaft TM 7  directly connects the eleventh rotation element N 11  (fourth planet carrier PC 4 ), is selectively connected to the third shaft TM 3 , and is directly connected to the output shaft OS. 
     The eighth shaft TM 8  is connected to the twelfth rotation element N 12  (fourth ring gear R 4 ) and is selectively connected to the transmission housing H. 
     In addition, four clutches C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4  are disposed at portions at which any two shafts among the eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8  including the input shaft IS and the output shaft OS are selectively connected to each other. 
     In addition, three brakes B 1 , B 2 , and B 3  are disposed at portions at which any one shaft among the eight shafts TM 1  to TM 8  is selectively connected to the transmission housing H. 
     Arrangements of the four clutches C 1  to C 4  and the three brakes B 1  to B 3  are described in detail. 
     The first clutch C 1  is disposed between the third shaft TM 3  and the seventh shaft TM 7  or the output shaft OS, and selectively connects the third shaft TM 3  with the seventh shaft TM 7  or the output shaft OS. 
     The second clutch C 2  is disposed between the fifth shaft TM 5  and the input shaft IS and selectively connects the fifth shaft TM 5  with the input shaft IS. 
     The third clutch C 3  is disposed between the second shaft TM 2  and the sixth shaft TM 6  and selectively connects the second shaft TM 2  with the sixth shaft TM 6 . 
     The fourth clutch C 4  is disposed between the fourth shaft TM 4  and the sixth shaft TM 6  and selectively connects the fourth shaft TM 4  with the sixth shaft TM 6 . 
     The first brake B 1  is disposed between the fifth shaft TM 5  and the transmission housing H and selectively connects the fifth shaft TM 5  with the transmission housing H. 
     The second brake B 2  is disposed between the sixth shaft TM 6  and the transmission housing H and selectively connects the sixth shaft TM 6  with the transmission housing H. 
     The third brake B 3  is disposed between the eighth shaft TM 8  and the transmission housing H and selectively connects the eighth shaft TM 8  with the transmission housing H. 
     The control elements including the first, second, third, and fourth clutches C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4  and the first, second, and third brakes B 1 , B 2 , and B 3  may be multi-plates friction elements of wet type that are operated by hydraulic pressure, although other types of clutches or brakes may also be employed. 
       FIG. 2  is an operation chart of control elements at each speed stage in the planetary gear train according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , three control elements among the first, second, third, and fourth clutches C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4  and the first, second, and third brakes B 1 , B 2 , and B 3  that are control elements are operated at each speed stage in the planetary gear train according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve one reverse speed stage and eleven forward speed stages. 
     The second and third brakes B 2  and B 3  and the fourth clutch C 4  are simultaneously operated at a first forward speed stage D 1 . 
     In a state that the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the sixth shaft TM 6  and the eighth shaft TM 8  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the second and third brakes B 2  and B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the first forward speed stage, and the first forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first and third brakes B 1  and B 3  and the fourth clutch C 4  are simultaneously operated at a second forward speed stage D 2 . 
     In a state that the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  and the eighth shaft TM 8  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and third brakes B 1  and B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the second forward speed stage, and the second forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The third brake B 3  and the third and fourth clutches C 3  and C 4  are simultaneously operated at a third forward speed stage D 3 . 
     In a state that the second shaft TM 2  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the third clutch C 3  and the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the sixth shaft TM 6 . In addition, the eighth shaft TM 8  is operated as the fixed element by operation of the third brake B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the third forward speed stage, and the third forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first and third brakes B 1  and B 3  and the third clutch C 3  are simultaneously operated at a fourth forward speed stage D 4 . 
     In a state that the second shaft TM 2  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the third clutch C 3 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the sixth shaft TM 6 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  and the eighth shaft TM 8  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and third brakes B 1  and B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the fourth forward speed stage, and the fourth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first and third brakes B 1  and B 3  and the first clutch C 1  are simultaneously operated at a fifth forward speed stage D 5 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  and the eighth shaft TM 8  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and third brakes B 1  and B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the fifth forward speed stage, and the fifth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first brake B 1  and the first and third clutches C 1  and C 3  are simultaneously operated at a sixth forward speed stage D 6 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1  and the second shaft TM 2  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the third clutch C 3 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the sixth shaft TM 6 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  is operated as the fixed element by operation of the first brake B 1 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the sixth forward speed stage, and the sixth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first, third, and fourth clutches C 1 , C 3 , and C 4  are simultaneously operated at a seventh forward speed stage D 7 . 
     Since the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1 , the second shaft TM 2  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the third clutch C 3 , and the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , all the planetary gear sets become lock-up states. In this state, the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the sixth shaft TM 6  and the seventh forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . Rotation speed that is the same as rotation speed of the input shaft IS is output at the seventh forward speed stage. 
     The first brake B 1  and the first and fourth clutches C 1  and C 4  are simultaneously operated at an eighth forward speed stage D 8 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1  and the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  is operated as the fixed element by operation of the first brake B 1 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the eighth forward speed stage, and the eighth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The second brake B 2  and the first and fourth clutches C 1  and C 4  are simultaneously operated at a ninth forward speed stage D 9 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1  and the fourth shaft TM 4  is connected to the sixth shaft TM 6  by operation of the fourth clutch C 4 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the sixth shaft TM 6  is operated as the fixed element by operation of the second brake B 2 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the ninth forward speed stage, and the ninth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The first and second brakes B 1  and B 2  and the first clutch C 1  are simultaneously operated at a tenth forward speed stage D 10 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2 . In addition, the fifth shaft TM 5  and the sixth shaft TM 6  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and second brakes B 1  and B 2 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the tenth forward speed stage, and the tenth forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The second brake B 2  and the first and second clutches C 1  and C 2  are simultaneously operated at an eleven forward speed stage D 11 . 
     In a state that the third shaft TM 3  is connected to the seventh shaft TM 7  by operation of the first clutch C 1  and the fifth shaft TM 5  is connected to the input shaft IS by operation of the second clutch C 2 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the fifth shaft TM 5 . In addition, the sixth shaft TM 6  is operated as the fixed element by operation of the second brake B 2 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the eleven forward speed stage, and the eleven forward speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The second and third brakes B 2  and B 3  and the second clutch C 2  are simultaneously operated at a reverse speed stage REV. 
     In a state that the fifth shaft TM 5  is connected to the input shaft IS by operation of the second clutch C 2 , the torque of the input shaft IS is input to the second shaft TM 2  and the fifth shaft TM 5 . In addition, the sixth shaft TM 5  and the eighth shaft TM 8  are operated as the fixed elements by operation of the second and third brakes B 2  and B 3 . Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shifted into the reverse speed stage, and the reverse speed stage is output to the output shaft OS connected to the seventh shaft TM 7 . 
     The planetary gear train according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may achieve at least eleven forward speed stage and one reverse speed stage by combining four planetary gear sets PG 1 , PG 2 , PG 3 , and PG 4  with the four clutches C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4  and the three brakes B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 . 
     In addition, since a gear ratio span greater than 11.5 is secured, driving efficiency of the engine may be maximized. 
     In addition, since linearity of step ratios can be secured due to multiple speed stages, drivability such as acceleration before and after shift, rhythmical engine speed, and so on may be improved. 
     While this disclosure has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical embodiments, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.

Technology Category: 2