Patent Document

FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention generally relates to microprocessor based computing devices, which operate pursuant to program instructions or firmware stored in nonvolatile memory. More specifically, the invention relates to a system and method for enabling a system administrator to remotely deliver firmware updates to a plurality of network coupled computing devices.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    Microprocessors and memory devices are key elements in computing devices. When power is initially applied to a computing device, a microprocessor attempts to read a particular memory address in a non-volatile memory device to receive preliminary instructions. After reading the preliminary instructions, the microprocessor executes the instructions thereby permitting the computing device to become operational. This process is commonly known as “booting.” As a result of a “boot” process, the microprocessor transitions from a non-functional mode to an operational mode upon power initialization by reading and executing essential instructions commonly known as firmware.  
           [0003]    The firmware or Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) in a Personal Computer (PC) dictates what the PC can accomplish without accessing programs from a disk storage device. The firmware or BIOS contains all the programming code required to control the keyboard, display monitor, mouse, disk drives, serial communication ports, and a number of miscellaneous functions. The BIOS is typically placed in a read only memory (ROM) integrated circuit device that is included within the PC. This mode of delivering the firmware or BIOS ensures that the BIOS will always be available and will not be damaged by disk failures. It also enables a PC to “boot” itself. After the PC has successfully loaded and executed the BIOS, the PC may then be configured to load an operating system into random access memory (RAM).  
           [0004]    An operating system is one of the most important programs on a PC. Most general-purpose computers utilize an operating system for running other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display monitor, managing directories and files on fixed disks, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called applications, may run. Applications are typically written to run on top of a particular operating system. For PCs, disk operating system (DOS), operating system 2 (OS/2), Windows, and Linux are some of the most popular operating systems.  
           [0005]    A kernel is the central module of an operating system. It is the part of the operating system that loads first, and it remains in RAM. Because the kernel resides in RAM, it is desirable for the kernel to be as small as possible while still providing all the essential services required by other parts of the operating system and applications. Typically, the kernel is responsible for memory management, process and task management, and disk management.  
           [0006]    For large computing systems, the operating system has even greater responsibilities and powers. In this regard, the operating system ensures that different programs and users running at the same time do not interfere with each other. The operating system is also responsible for managing security issues, including authorization for access to the system.  
           [0007]    An electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) device is a non-volatile memory commonly used for storing firmware used by computing devices in their respective “boot” processes. A flash EEPROM permits its entire memory to be erased in a single step. In recent years, flash EEPROMS having selective erasable/writable memory block addressing capabilities have been used extensively for storing firmware. The flash EEPROM is particularly useful as it allows firmware to be erased and upgraded by an operator without the need to physically remove and replace a ROM integrated circuit chip.  
           [0008]    The capability to upgrade the firmware by loading programming code to a flash EEPROM both simplifies the upgrade process and reduces the costs associated with firmware upgrades. The extensive use of flash EEPROMs has also increased the reliability of the computing device, which embodies the EEPROM, because printed circuit board sockets are no longer required to support integrated circuit replacement.  
           [0009]    However, the use of flash EEPROMS does not resolve a number of problems inherent in the process of distributing firmware updates. Because of the natural progression of the command hierarchy from firmware to operating system to applications, the firmware cannot be removed or manipulated without compromising the operating system. As a result, manual intervention is still required to install new firmware. Typically, this is accomplished by interrupting the “boot” process via keyboard input prior to the transfer of the operating system into RAM and entering a set of appropriate commands to load a boot image and the new firmware from a storage media compatible with a mobile data storage device (e.g., a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape drive, a floppy disk drive, and the like).  
           [0010]    Manual firmware upgrades for networked computing devices are problematic for at least the reason that they may require manual repetitive operation of critical steps at what may amount to a non-trivial number of computing devices. Indeed, the services of a skilled technician is often required to perform firmware updates at each computing device even in the case where the computing devices designated for firmware updates are coupled to the same network.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0011]    In light of the foregoing, the invention relates to a system and a method for utilizing a software application that is operable under the current firmware/operating system configuration for installing new firmware without “compromising” the operating system. A software application in accordance with the present invention may configure a computing device to install a plurality of software fixes for enhancing computing device functionality under a new firmware/operating system environment. In addition, a software application in accordance with the present invention may configure the computing device to “boot” under the new firmware/operating system environment upon subsequent system initializations.  
           [0012]    A software application in accordance with the present invention may allow for the distribution of firmware upgrades via a network. The capability to install firmware remotely may permit a system administrator to “push” the new firmware to a plurality of network coupled computing devices, thus avoiding manual intervention at each device.  
           [0013]    A computer system in accordance with the present invention may comprise a programmable non-volatile memory, a microprocessor, and a fixed storage device. The microprocessor may be configured to execute instructions from the programmable non-volatile memory in response to a boot request and to controllably write to the programmable non-volatile memory. The fixed storage device contains a boot image and is configured with appropriate instruction code for transitioning at least one microprocessor to an operational mode, wherein the storage device receives a modified set of boot instructions containing all execution code and data necessary to perform a firmware upgrade. After the fixed storage device stores the modified boot image, which may be delivered along with its own set of boot instructions, the fixed storage device or “boot” disk may be configured to apply the modified boot image and boot instructions upon the next microprocessor boot request. The boot image may comprise a complete copy of the present firmware installed on the computer system, as well as, a copy of the new firmware, an install application, and a flash application.  
           [0014]    In response to the microprocessor boot request, the install application may direct the microprocessor to apply the copy of the present firmware along with the operating system and the file management system when booting the microprocessor. Next, the install application may instruct the microprocessor to replace the firmware in the non-volatile memory with the new firmware. Having completed the firmware upgrade, the install application may contain the necessary instructions to redirect the microprocessor to use the new firmware in response to subsequent microprocessor boot requests. The install application may also install an operating system along with any software patches that require the new firmware/operating system environment. In addition, the install application may perform a file system clean-up operation on the fixed storage device.  
           [0015]    The present invention can also be viewed as providing a method for performing a firmware upgrade via a network. In its broadest terms, the method can be described by the following steps: delivering a firmware install patch containing a modified boot image to a boot disk within a plurality of computer systems on a network; initiating an install application; modifying a system loader to direct a microprocessor to execute instructions from the modified boot image upon a microprocessor boot request; initiating a microprocessor boot that loads instructions in the modified boot image; erasing the firmware stored in the computer system; and writing the new firmware.  
           [0016]    Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional features and advantages be included herein within the scope of the present invention, as defined by the claims.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0017]    The present invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment of the invention. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present invention. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. While the invention is described in connection with these drawings, there is no intent to limit it to the embodiment or embodiments disclosed therein. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a computer system with peripheral devices that may be configured to receive, store, distribute, and execute a firmware patch in accordance with the present invention.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating various items that may be stored within a boot image on the fixed data storage device within the computer system of FIG. 1.  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a modified boot image in accordance with the present invention.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a firmware patch that may be received, stored, and executed by the computer system of FIG. 1.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary network configuration that may be used to distribute and execute the firmware patch of FIG. 4.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for delivering and installing firmware upgrades that may be practiced via a computer system coupled to the network of FIG. 5.  
         [0024]    FIGS.  7 A- 7 D present a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary state table that further details a firmware upgrade in accordance with the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0025]    The present invention generally relates to a system and network for upgrading firmware in a computing device. It is significant to note that the system and method of the present invention are presented in association with a particular exemplary implementation using a computer system communicatively coupled to a network. In the particular example presented, which represents a preferred embodiment, a system administration node within the network is used to distribute a firmware patch to machines having a firmware version that is designated for a firmware upgrade. The firmware patch may also be configured to verify that each particular computer system is at an appropriate firmware level to successfully execute the desired firmware upgrade. It will be appreciated that the firmware patch may be configured to successfully upgrade a computer system having a plurality of compatible preceding firmware versions to the new firmware version.  
         [0026]    Furthermore, the firmware patch may be self-initiating. In alternative embodiments, the firmware patch may be remotely initiated by a system administrator or other operator. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that both the system and the method for upgrading firmware in a computing device in accordance with the present invention may be selectively applied to any number of suitably configured computing devices coupled to the network.  
         [0027]    Reference is now directed to FIG. 1, which illustrates a computer system with peripheral devices that may be configured to receive, store, distribute, and execute a firmware patch in accordance with the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a computer system  100  may comprise a computer  110 , a display monitor  125 , a keyboard  135 , and a mouse  145 . As further illustrated in FIG. 1, various peripheral devices may be integrated with the computer  110  to permit other methodologies for transferring information both to and from the computer  110 . For example, a printer  155  and a scanner  165  may also be communicatively coupled to the computer  110 . In addition, the computer  110  may be coupled to an external network  200  thus allowing the computer  110  to send and receive data via the external network  200  to remote computing devices. As shown, the external network  200  may be a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or other similar network.  
         [0028]    The computer  110  may comprise a microprocessor  112  and a memory  300  in communication with each other via a local interface  113 . The memory  300  may comprise, for example, a fixed data storage device  310 , a random access memory (RAM)  320 , and a non-volatile memory (ROM)  330 . Together the microprocessor  112  and the various memory devices comprising the computer memory  300  (i.e., the fixed data storage  310 , RAM  320 , and non-volatile memory  330 ) operate to load firmware  335  to “boot” the computer  110 , load an operating system, manage files, and execute programs. As previously described, the firmware  335  controls what the microprocessor  112  can accomplish without accessing programs from a disk storage device (i.e., the fixed data storage device  310  or mobile data storage device  122 ).  
         [0029]    The firmware  335  may contain all the programming code required to control the keyboard  135 , display monitor  125 , mouse  145 , mobile data storage  122 , other input/output devices, and a number of miscellaneous functions. In order to ensure that the firmware  335  is always available for the microprocessor  112 , the firmware  335  may be stored in the non-volatile memory  330 . It is significant to note that the term “volatile” refers to memory devices that generally lose data stored therein upon the loss of power. Thus, a non-volatile memory device refers to a memory device that does not lose stored data upon the loss of power.  
         [0030]    After loading the firmware  335 , the microprocessor  112  and memory  300  may work together to transfer the operating system from the fixed data storage device  310  to the RAM  320 . Once the operating system has been successfully loaded into the RAM  320 , the computer  110  may execute application software suited to coordinate data transfers between the RAM  320  and various input/output peripheral interfaces. For example, the computer  110  may further comprise a video display adapter  114 , a plurality of input interfaces  116 , a modem/network interface card (NIC)  118 , a plurality of output interfaces  120 , and a mobile data storage device  122 , all of which may also be coupled to the local interface  113 .  
         [0031]    Having generally introduced and described the computer system  100  with regard to FIG. 1, reference is now directed to FIG. 2, which presents a schematic illustrating various items that may be stored on the fixed data storage device  310  within the computer system  100  of FIG. 1. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the memory  300  may comprise a boot image  400  that may be stored on the fixed data storage device  310 . The boot image  400  may comprise a system loader  410 , a system loader configuration file  420 , and a plurality of RAM designated executables  430 . As further illustrated in FIG. 2, the RAM designated executables  430  may comprise a bootable kernel  450 , an operating system  434 , a file management system  436 , and applications  438 . Each of the aforementioned items comprising the boot image  400  may contain instructions or executable programming code compatible with microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1). As such, the system loader  410 , the system loader configuration file  420 , the bootable kernel  450 , the operating system  434 , the file management system  436 , and the applications  438 , as well as, any other code stored on the fixed data storage device  310  may be identified by a start memory address and an indicator indicative of respective size.  
         [0032]    When power is initially applied to the computer  110  (FIG. 1), the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) may be supplied power, and in response, may be configured to read particular memory addresses in the non-volatile memory device  330  (e.g., firmware  335 ) to receive preliminary instructions. Next, the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) may execute the firmware instructions thereby permitting the computer  110  (FIG. 1) to become operational. The firmware  335  may contain all the programming code required to control the keyboard  135 , display monitor  125 , mouse  145 , fixed data storage devices  310 , input interface  116 , and output interface  120 , and a number of miscellaneous functions (FIG. 1). Once the firmware  335  is successfully processed by the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1), the microprocessor  112  may retrieve the boot image  400  from the fixed data storage device  310 .  
         [0033]    As illustrated in FIG. 2, the boot image  400  for a boot process that does not require a firmware upgrade may proceed as follows. First, the boot image  400  directs the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) to the system loader  410 . The system loader  410  may be configured to add to the command infrastructure provided by the firmware  335 . The system loader  410  may build upon the firmware  335  by supplying instruction code that allows higher-level functionality than that required to interrupt the boot process. In addition, the system loader  410  may be configured to direct the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) using data supplied by the system loader configuration file  420 . As illustrated in FIG. 2, the system loader configuration file  420  may contain data suited to direct the microprocessor  112  to a plurality of RAM designated executables  430 . For example, the system loader configuration file  420  may be configured to direct the microprocessor  112  to load the bootable kernel  450 , the operating system  434 , the file management system  436 , and other applications  438  into RAM  320 . By moving a copy of the RAM designated executables  430  into RAM  320 , the computer  110  (FIG. 1) optimizes computer system performance by taking advantage of the faster data transfer rates possible with RAM  320  than data transfer rates possible between the microprocessor  112  and the fixed data storage  310 .  
         [0034]    As further illustrated in FIG. 2, a boot image  400  may contain applications  438  that include a software patch  440 . A software patch is an actual piece of object code that is inserted into (or “patched” into) an executable program, such as applications  438 . The typical software patch  440  thus becomes a part of the improved application  438  to which it was applied. As a result, the typical software patch  440  together with the improved application  438  rely on the operating system  434 , the file management system  436 , the bootable kernel  450 , the system loader configuration file  420 , the system loader  410 , and the firmware  335  to supply an appropriate command structure for manipulating data within the computer  110  (FIG. 1).  
         [0035]    Often, a software patch  440  will be accompanied by an associated install script, which may contain specific instructions tailored to the particular requirements of the installation. In this context, a script is a file containing a sequence of operating system commands that may also contain means for controlling the sequence of such execution. It is significant to note that an executable program or any other method of directing the computer  110  to perform the necessary tasks may be utilized.  
         [0036]    Improved Method for Implementing Firmware Upgrades  
         [0037]    Having described a typical boot process with regard to the manipulation and processing of the various items comprising an exemplary boot image  400  with regard to FIG. 2, reference is now directed to FIG. 3, which presents a modified boot image in accordance with the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the memory  300  may comprise a modified boot image  480  that may be stored on the fixed data storage device  310 . The modified boot image  480  may comprise a system loader  410 , a system loader configuration file  420 , and a firmware patch  500  in accordance with the present invention.  
         [0038]    In a preferred embodiment, the system loader configuration file  420  of the modified boot image  480  may be configured to direct the system loader  410  to execute the firmware patch  500  upon the next boot request. The firmware patch  500  differs from prior art software patches, such as the exemplary typical software patch  440  (FIG. 2) for at least the reason that prior art software patches are reliant upon the current command infrastructure as defined by the present firmware version and operating system. The firmware patch  500  is unique in that it contains the execution code necessary to perform a firmware upgrade. Specifically, the firmware patch  500  contains a bootable kernel, firmware update logic, and a non-volatile memory interface. The bootable kernel may further comprise a system loader interface and reboot logic.  
         [0039]    The firmware patch  500  permits a system administrator to distribute a firmware upgrade to a class of machines via a network. In addition, the firmware patch  500  permits a system administrator to “push” the firmware update to a plurality of network connected computer systems simultaneously. Furthermore, the firmware patch  500  can be bundled along with other software patches that may rely on the firmware update. Once the firmware patch  500  has upgraded the firmware  335  within each respective computer system  100  (FIG. 1), the associated executable application may be configured to modify the boot image  480  such that the computer system  100  is programmed to boot in the new firmware/operating system environment rather than repeatedly applying the firmware patch  500  upon each power-up or computer system boot.  
         [0040]    Reference is now directed to FIG. 4, which presents a schematic diagram illustrating the various elements comprising the firmware patch  500  of FIG. 3. In this regard, the firmware patch  500  may comprise a patch memory map  550  that may contain all the necessary function code and data to perform the designated firmware upgrade. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the patch memory map  550  may comprise a firmware revision  552 , an install application  554 , and a flash application  556 . As also illustrated in FIG. 4, the flash application  556  may comprise a bootable kernel  560 , which may further comprise a system loader interface  562  and a reboot logic  564 . The bootable kernel  560 , the system loader interface  562 , and the reboot logic  564  may be compatible with the underlying firmware presently stored within the nonvolatile memory  330  (FIG. 3) on the computer system  100  (FIG. 1).  
         [0041]    In a preferred embodiment, the install application  554  may be configured to load the bootable kernel  560 , the system loader interface  562 , and the reboot logic  564  from the flash application  556  on the fixed data storage device  310  or “boot” disk. As previously described, the modified boot image  480  (FIG. 3) may comprise the firmware patch  500 , which may comprise the modified memory map  550 . The install application  554  may also be configured to direct the system loader  410  to load the firmware patch  500  and guide the computer  110  (FIG. 1) through the firmware upgrade boot process. Once the computer  110  is operative in a mode that is compatible with the presently installed firmware  335 , the flash application  556  may verify that the presently installed firmware  335  is indeed a version that is designated for the firmware upgrade. If it is determined that the present firmware version is suited for the upgrade, the flash application  556  may be configured to replace the contents of the non-volatile memory device  330  with the firmware revision  552 . Next, the install application  554  may include code necessary to apply an upgraded operating system, software patches, and other application programs compatible with the new firmware (i.e., the firmware revision  552 ). Last, the install application  554  may include code to load a suitable boot image for the new command environment. This may include the necessary instruction for directing subsequent boot processes to the boot image for the new command environment and for removing the firmware revision  552  and the flash application  556  from the boot disk.  
         [0042]    Reference is now directed to FIG. 5, which presents a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary network configuration that may be used to distribute and execute the firmware patch  500  of FIG. 4. In this regard, FIG. 5 illustrates a network environment  600  that uses a plurality of nodes to transfer data to and from a plurality of computing devices. More specifically, the network environment  600  comprises a plurality of computer systems  100   a - 100   f , herein labeled, “A,” “B,” “C,” “D,” “E,” and “F” in communication with each other via communication links  175  and a network  200 . Each of the computer systems  100   a - 100   f  may be configured identical to the computer system  100  illustrated in FIG. 1. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the network  200  comprises a plurality of nodes  210   a - 210   e  in communication with each other via a plurality of network communication links  215 . It will be appreciated that the network communication links  215  may comprise a plurality of singular or grouped Ethernet, T1, T3, E1, E3, synchronous optical network (SONET) or other data network communication links. As illustrated, the network  200  may comprise a plurality of nodes  210   a - 210   f.    
         [0043]    As also illustrated in FIG. 5, the network  200  may be configured in a ring configuration such that either of two different physical pathways formed by the various network communication links  215  may be traversed by data transfers between any of the various computer systems  100 . For example, data originating from computer system  100   a , herein labeled “A,” may be communicated along a first communication link  175  to a first node  210   a . As shown, node  210   a  may be in communication with two other nodes  210   b  and  210   e . As a result of the network structure illustrated in FIG. 5, each of the computer systems  100   b ,  100   c ,  100   d , and  100   e  may receive data originating from computer system  100   a  via the network  200  and the various communication links  175  that interconnect each of the computer systems  100  to a network node  210 .  
         [0044]    In a well-known manner, data originating at computer system  100   b  and suitably configured to designate computer system  100   d  as its destination may be transmitted along communication link  175  to network node  210   b  of the network  200 . Network node  210   b  may then use information contained within the data to identify the network node associated with a designated destination computer system. In the case of computer system  100   d , the appropriate destination node is network node  210   d . Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the data may traverse the network  200  via the path identified by network nodes  210   b ,  210   c , and  210   d . Alternatively, the data may traverse network nodes  210   b ,  210   a ,  210   e , and  210   d.    
         [0045]    Having been properly transferred from a first or source network node  210   b  to a second or destination network node  210   d  within the network  200 , the data may then be transmitted from the second network node  210   d  via the communication link  175  to the designated destination computer system  100   d . It will be appreciated that the network environment  600  may be used to transmit video, voice, and text data between each of the interconnected computer systems  100   a - 100   f . It will be further appreciated that the network environment  600  may comprise bi-directional communication links  175  and bi-directional network nodes  210   a - 210   e  to permit simultaneous video, voice, and text data transfers to and from each of the computer systems  100   a - 100   f  coupled to the network  200 . As a result, it is possible to configure the firmware patch  500  of the present invention to provide suitable feedback to a system administrator  610  that “pushes” the firmware upgrade to a plurality of networked computer systems  100   b - 100   f  to indicate the status of the firmware upgrade. For example, if the flash application  556  determines that the presently installed firmware on computer system  100   e  is not suited for the current firmware patch  500 , the flash application  556  may be configured to report accordingly to a suitably configured firmware upgrade database status application (not shown) executing at computer system  100   a  on the network  200 . Similarly, if the firmware upgrade has been successfully installed, each of the upgraded computer systems  100   b - 100   f  may be configured to report the same to the firmware upgrade status application.  
         [0046]    It is significant to note that the network  200  is presented for simplicity of illustration and description, with a limited number of network nodes  210   a - 210   e  and network communication links  215 . Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in more practical configurations, a network  200  may comprise any number of network nodes  210   a - 210   e  and network communication links  215  necessary to communicatively couple remotely located computer systems  100   a - 100   f.    
         [0047]    Having briefly described a network environment  600  (FIG. 5), which may support remote application of the firmware patch  500 , reference is now directed to FIG. 6, which illustrates a method for delivering and installing firmware upgrades that may be practiced via a computer system coupled to the network of FIG. 5. As illustrated in FIG. 6, a method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may begin with step  705 , herein labeled, “Start.” Next, as indicated in step  710 , the method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may deliver a firmware install patch to a boot disk (e.g., the fixed data storage device  310 ) on each computer system  100  (FIG. 1) that is designated to receive the firmware upgrade. Once the firmware install patch has been stored on the boot disk within a computer system  100  (FIG. 1), the install application  554  (FIG. 4B) may be initiated as shown in step  715 . The method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may continue by performing a verification of the firmware version presently operative on the respective computer system  100 , as indicated in the query of step  720 . If the determination in step  720  is negative, the method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may be configured to notify an operator that the presently installed firmware is incompatible with the intended firmware upgrade as shown in step  725 . Having notified the operator, the method may proceed to terminate, as indicated by the flowchart of FIG. 6.  
         [0048]    Otherwise, if the determination in step  720  is affirmative, the method for performing firmware upgrades may continue by performing step  730  where the system loader  410  (FIG. 3) may be configured to select the flash application  556  (FIG. 4) upon the next boot of the computer system  100  (FIG. 1). Next, the install application  554  (FIG. 4) may trigger a boot of the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) as indicated in step  735 . With the flash application  556  (FIG. 4) designated in the modified boot image  550  (FIG. 4), the method for performing a firmware upgrade  700  may proceed by executing the flash application  556  (FIG. 4) as shown in step  740 . With the computer system appropriately configured to allow the microprocessor  112  (FIG. 1) to install the firmware upgrade into the non-volatile memory device  330  without compromising the operating system, the method may now use the firmware update logic  570  and the non-volatile memory interface  580  from the flash application  556  (FIG. 4) to load the new firmware as shown in step  745 . As illustrated in step  750 , the method for performing firmware upgrades may use the flash application  556  (FIG. 4) to select the operating system  434  (FIG. 2) upon the next boot of the computer system  100  (FIG. 1).  
         [0049]    Having installed the firmware revision  552  (FIG. 4) in the non-volatile memory device  330  of the computer system  100  (FIG. 1) in step  745 , and reset the system loader configuration file  420  (FIG. 2) to select the operating system kernel for transfer into RAM  320  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ), the install application  554  (FIG. 4) may be configured to boot the microprocessor as indicated in step  755 . As further illustrated in step  760  of the flowchart of FIG. 6, the method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may be configured to pause while the newly installed firmware revision  552  (FIG. 4) executes and the reconfigured system loader  410  transfers the operating system kernel into RAM  320  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ). Once the boot process has completed, the method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may be configured to clean up the file system by removing the flash application  556  and the firmware revision  552  from the on the fixed storage data device  310  (FIG. 1), as illustrated in step  765 . The method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may then terminate as indicated in step  770  herein labeled, “End.” 
         [0050]    Any process descriptions or blocks in the flowchart of FIG. 6 should be understood to represent modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process for performing firmware upgrades  700 . Alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.  
         [0051]    It will be appreciated that the methods for performing firmware upgrades  700  in accordance with the present invention may comprise an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “computer-readable medium” can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable medium can be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable media would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (electronic), a read-only memory (ROM) (electronic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) (electronic), an optical fiber (optical), and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM) (optical). Note that the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.  
         [0052]    Reference is now directed to FIGS.  7 A- 7 D, which present a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary state table that further details a firmware upgrade in accordance with the present invention. In this regard, the state table may be characterized by a plurality of state types as labeled generally across the top of each of the FIGS.  7 A- 7 D. As shown in FIGS.  7 A- 7 D, the state types may comprise normal operation (i.e., normal operation of a computer  110 ), general patching (i.e., operations using a high level patch application that typically include an install script), firmware reflash, and reboot operations.  
         [0053]    Normal operation may comprise running various applications that have been loaded into RAM  320  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ) from the fixed storage device  310  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ). General patching operations may comprise network and file system manipulations to modify RAM designated executables  430  (FIG. 2). Firmware reflash operations, on the other hand, may comprise non-volatile memory  330  manipulations (e.g., erasing and writing). Finally, reboot operations may comprise tasks associated with identifying a source for data instructions to be used when initializing the computer  110  (FIG. 1). For example, the firmware  335  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ), the modified boot image  480  (FIG. 3), or the fixed data storage device  310  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ).  
         [0054]    As illustrated in FIGS.  7 A- 7 D, each of the states in the state table may be identified by a task (TASK), a variable indicating the next boot source (NB), and a variable indicating the firmware version (FW) present in the non-volatile memory device  330  (FIGS.  1 - 3 ). It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the progression through the various states illustrated in FIGS.  7 A- 7 D is by way of example only. In fact, multiple variations are possible (i.e., a number of states may be encountered out of the exemplary order presented) all such variations are deemed within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
         [0055]    It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments of the present invention, particularly, any “preferred” embodiments, are merely possible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiment(s) of the invention without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the invention. For example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logic functions or steps in the process for performing firmware upgrades  700  may be implemented in hardware. If implemented in hardware, as in an alternative embodiment, the method for performing firmware upgrades  700  may be implemented with any, or a combination, of the following technologies, which are all well known in the art: a discrete logic circuit(s) having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having appropriate combinational logic gates, a programmable gate array(s) (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of the present invention and protected by the following claims.

Technology Category: 3