Patent Document

TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The invention relates to coin processing equipment and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for bag stopping and braking in coin sorters. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Coin sorters are used to sort and collect coins by denomination, such as penny, nickel, dime, quarter, half and dollar in the United States. Other denominations may be handled in countries outside the United States. In coin sorters, it has been the practice to attach bags or coin receptacles to collect the coins for respective denominations. As used herein, the term “receptacles” or “bags” shall be understood to include all types of receptacles used to collect coins by denomination including bags, bins, coin tubes and coin wrapper holders and other types of receptacles. The bags are sized and defined to hold a certain number of coins, such as 5000 pennies or 2000 quarters. This number or limit on coins in a receptacle is referred to in the industry as a “bag stop”. When this number of coins is reached it is desirable to quickly stop the machine and allow replacement of the filled bag or receptacle with an empty one. 
     As the coins are being sorted, there is the problem of one of the bags becoming filled to the limit, at which time either the machine has to be stopped, or another bag switched into place to receive more coins of that denomination. 
     Bag stopping is triggered when a sensor senses the last coin in a bag count. The sensor then signals the machine to stop. 
     Buchholz, U.S. Pat. No. 2,835,260, issued May 20, 1958, discloses a machine in which a rotating core in a coin sorting assembly is driven by a motor through a belt and a worm drive. An electromechanical brake is mounted on the output shaft end of the motor for braking the motor and thereby stopping rotation of the rotating core in the coin sorting assembly. 
     In Primdahl, U.S. Pat. No. 4,921,463, issued May 1, 1990, electromechanical braking is accomplished using a brake mechanism coupled to a back end of a motor which drives a rotating member in a coin sorting assembly through a gear assembly. 
     In Raterman, U.S. Reissue Pat. No. 34,934, reissued May 9, 1995, a controller sends a brake control signal to an electromechanical friction brake on a motor and also sends a brake control signal to a second electromechanical friction brake on a rotating coin disk which is driven by the motor through a speed reducer. The two brakes are applied in a simultaneous manner so as to avoid shock loads on the gear train due to torque differentials on the rotating members as they are brought to a stop. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is designed to provide a novel and improved approach for bag stopping in a small coin sorter. 
     An example of a such a coin sorter is offered under the trade designation “Mach 3” by the assignee of the present invention. Prior to the present invention, the function of exact bag stops was not provided in such a device. 
     This type of sorter, sometimes referred to as a figure- 8  type sorter, has two interrelated rotating disks, a first disk operating as a queueing disk to separate the coins from an initial mass of coins and arrange them in a single file of coins to be fed to a sorting disk assembly. The drive for the queueing disk transmits power through a belt to the coin moving member in the sorting disk assembly. 
     The invention provides a single brake which operates directly on a shaft on which the coin moving member rotates. There is no electromechanical brake coupled to a motor output shaft as taught in the above-described prior art. It has been discovered that in the present arrangement that braking can be accomplished by braking a shaft on the coin sorting assembly, which is not the motor output shaft, without generating an undue torque differential between the coin sorting assembly shaft and the motor output shaft. The braking is effected by a relatively fast responding controller which responds to coin sensors in the coin sorting assembly to count the last coin in a bag count for a particular denomination and stop the coin sorter by signaling the controller to brake the shaft of the disk in the coin sorter assembly. 
     In one embodiment, power to the motor is switched off and the motor is stopped quickly by the braking force on the coin moving member. In another embodiment, signals are also sent to the motor to operate the motor in the regenerative mode. This reverses the direction of torque related to the present rotational direction until the motor is brought to a stop. 
     While the present invention is disclosed in a preferred embodiment based on a specific model of coin sorter, the invention could also be applied as a modification to other types of machines, including the other prior art described above. 
     Other objects and advantages of the invention, besides those discussed above, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the description of the preferred embodiments which follow. In the description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which illustrate examples of the invention. Such examples, however, are not exhaustive of the various embodiments of the invention, and therefore, reference is made to the claims which follow the description for determining the scope of the invention. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of the coin sorter incorporating the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of the drive mechanisms in the interior of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 2A is a detail sectional view taken in the plane indicated by line  2 A— 2 A in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view through a drive shaft assembly taken in the plane indicated by line  3 — 3  seen in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 4 is a detail view in the region indicated by line  4 — 4  in FIG. 3 with the brake coil de-energized; and 
     FIG. 5 is a detail view in the region indicated by FIG. 4 with the brake coil energized. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to FIG. 1, the coin handling machine  10  is a sorter of the type shown and described in Adams et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,525,104, and offered under the trade designation, “Mach 3” by the assignee of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention is a coin sorter  10  of a size that could be placed on a desktop, although in other embodiments the sorter could be a floor standing model. The sorter  10  includes a visual display  12  for displaying count totals and a control panel  13  for entering commands and data to control the operation of the machine  10 . An upper bezel  14  forms an opening into a hopper  15  for receiving a batch of coins of mixed denominations. These are sorted by a sorting mechanism of the type described in Adams et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,295,899, issued Mar. 22, 1994, and Adams et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,525,104, issued Jul. 11, 1996. The coins drop through respective sorting apertures in a sorting plate and are guided into coin chutes  16  and receptacles  17  for respective denominations, such as penny, nickel, dime, quarter, half, and dollar in the United States, and for other denominations in Europe, Canada and other countries. 
     This type of sorter  10 , is sometimes referred to as a FIG. 8 type sorter. Referring to FIG. 2, it has two interrelated rotating disks, a first disk operating as a queueing disk  21  to separate the coins from an initial mass of coins and arrange them in a single file of coins to be fed to a sorting assembly  22 . 
     As further seen in FIG. 2, the sorting assembly  22  includes an upper, rotatable, coin pushing member  24  with a plurality of flexing webs  25  or fingers which push the coins along a coin sorting path over the sorting apertures  26 . The coin pushing member  24  is a disk, which along with the webs  25 , is made of a plastic material. The webs  25  are described in more detail in Adams et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,525, 104, issued Jun. 11, 1996. Briefly, they are aligned along radii of the coin pushing member  24 , and have a length equal to about the last 30% of the radius from the center of the circular coin pushing member  24 . 
     A reference edge is provided against which the coins are aligned in a single file for movement along the coin sorting path. As the coins are moved clockwise along the coin sorting path by the webs or fingers  25 , the coins drop through the sorting apertures  26  (FIG. 2) according to size, with the smallest size coin dropping through the first aperture. As they drop through the sorting apertures  26  the coins are sensed by photo emitters in the form of light emitting diodes (LEDs)  26   a  (FIG. 2) and optical detectors  26   b  (FIG.  2 ), one emitter and detector per aperture. The coins drop into one of the receptacles  17  seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. 
     As used herein, the term “apertures” shall refer to the specific sorting openings shown in the drawings. The term sorting opening shall be understood to not only include the apertures, but also sorting grooves, channels and exits seen in the prior art. 
     FIG. 2 also shows a DC electric motor  30  for driving the queuing disk  21  in the coin sorter  10  through a shaft  31 . The motor  30  is connected through a pulley  32  and belt  34  which drives a second pulley  35  and third pulley  33  (seen also in FIG.  2 A). The second pulley  35  transfers power to a second shaft  36  directly driving coin pushing member  24  in coin sorting assembly  22 . The third pulley  33  transfers torque and power to the queueing disk  21 . Referring back to FIG. 2, an electromechanical brake  37  is mounted to the bottom of the second shaft  36 . The brake  37  is operated for bag stops and emergency stops. 
     Still referring to FIG. 2, a controller module  38  receives input signals from the coin detection sensors  26   a,    26   b.  This controller module  38  has a programmed microelectronic CPU (not shown) which counts the coins for each denomination and compares the number against bag count limits which can be entered or selected through control panel  13  in FIG.  1 . When a bag count limit is reached, the controller module  38  transmits a signal to operate the brake assembly  37  and also transmits a signal to turn off power to the motor  30 . This will effect a stopping of the coin pushing member  24  in as little as fifteen milliseconds so as prevent another coin from being pushed through the sorting aperture  26 . 
     Referring next to FIGS. 3-5, the brake assembly  37  is supported by a collar  39 , which in turn is bolted to a flange  40  of a base plate  41  (the point of attachment being hidden from view in FIG.  3 ). The base plate  41  forms a circular flange in which two ball bearing assemblies  42 ,  43  are supported for further supporting shaft  36  and allowing shaft  36  to rotate. Also seen in FIG. 3, is the belt  34  which grips a hub  44  of the shaft  36  which has a plurality of grooves which mesh with groves on an inside of the endless loop belt to provide a good grip on the hub  44  by the belt  34 . 
     The brake assembly  37  more particularly includes a coil assembly  45  and a collar  46  attached to the end of the shaft  36 . A bolt  48  extends through a hole in the collar  46  into a key groove  49  in the shaft  36 . A ring-shaped brake shoe member  47  of magnetically responsive material is mounted above the collar  46  and is connected via arcuate leaf springs  48  and rivets or other fasteners to the collar  46 . The brake shoe member  47  may have a friction-enhanced upper surface  50 . 
     The coil assembly  45  more particularly includes a casing  45   a  and an electromagnetic coil  45   b.  The coil assembly receives a magnetizing signal through an insulated pair of wires  29  (FIG.  3 ). When a braking signal is received and energizes magnetizing coil  45   b,  it will draw the brake shoe member  47  of magnetically responsive material upwardly as seen in FIG.  5  and cause frictional braking to stop the rotation of shaft  36 . The springs  48  act as return springs when the signal is removed, allowing the ring-shaped member  47  to return to its non-braking position seen in FIG.  4 . 
     The main controller module  38  controls the DC drive motor  30 . In particular, the main controller  38  is connected to operate a relay or other type of switching device which supplies power to the motor  30 . The controller  38  includes a first power supply for operating the DC motor in a forward direction and a second power supply circuit and solid state switching circuits for reversing the voltage applied to the terminals of the motor to provide for operation in the regeneration mode (applying torque in a direction opposite the direction of rotation). In another embodiment, the controller may have a resistor for switching into a circuit between the motor terminals to provide a current path for back emf, which is another way of providing torque in a direction opposite the direction of rotation. Other suitable regeneration mode control circuits are known in the art. 
     The controller  38  further includes a timing circuit for limiting application of reverse voltage signals or limiting the switching of the resistor into the circuit across the motor terminals for a period from 30 milliseconds to 75 milliseconds. The 75 millisecond limit is imposed to prevent the motor  30  from reversing its direction of rotation from its forward direction. 
     The controller module  38  processes data from coin detection sensor  26   b  to determine if the coin should be counted. If the answer is affirmative, the coin is added to the count for the respective denomination and compared to the count for a bag count limit number. If a bag count limit is determined, the controller module  38  first transmits a signal to turn off power to the motor  30 , and optionally, to provide operation in the regenerative mode to slow the motor  30 . The controller module  38  also transmits a signal to the electromechanical brake assembly  37  to apply the brake to the shaft  36 . There is some delay in response to this signal such that the operation in the regenerative mode occurs prior to application of the electromechanical brake assembly  37  to the shaft  36 . This results in stopping rotation of the coin pushing member  24 . 
     At that time the coin pushing member  24  and the motor  30  are stopped, the operator is signaled through a visual or audible alarm or both to replace the filled receptacle  17  with an empty receptacle and restart the machine  10 . 
     This has been a description of a method and apparatus for stopping in a coin sorting machine by braking a coin sorting assembly separately from a motor. Those of ordinary skill in this art will recognize that still other modifications might be made while still coming within the spirit and scope of the invention and, therefore, to define the embodiments of the invention, the following claims are made.

Technology Category: 3