Patent Document

TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The field of this invention relates to faucets and more particularly to faucets with an adjustable delivery spout and a single operating lever. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Faucets with swivel spouts may easily confuse a user for determining which direction to move the operating lever in order to adjust flow rate of water and to adjust temperature mix. Indeed, in the use of normal faucets equipped with delivery spouts fixed on the faucet body, the user usually orients himself and moves the lever relative to the delivery spout, which is usually directed forward to the user and extending over the working basin or sink. The user is thus led to follow the same criterion with a faucet equipped with an adjustable delivery spout. In this case the user obtains a completely different result when the orientation of the delivery spout is substantially moved in relation to the body of the faucet. The user must orient himself with a forward direction which under certain circumstances may be difficult to precisely observe. The user no longer orients himself with the spout because the mixing cartridge or mixing valve is traditionally installed in a recess or cavity in the fixed body of the faucet. As a result, the position of the operating lever to obtain delivery of a required flow rate of water mixed to a desired temperature must be in reference to a fixed direction with the fixed body. This direction is easily observable when the spout is in a centered forward position. However, when the spout is moved, the direction is less clear to the user. Furthermore, the position of the lever has no relation to the actual orientation of the delivery spout that is adjustable in relation to the fixed body of the valve. 
     The inconvenience of orienting with the fixed body and not the spout becomes particularly pronounced when the operating lever is of the type commonly referred to as a “joystick” type. In a joystick type faucet, the lever is subject to movement in a first direction to regulate the flow rate from a full flow condition down to a shut-off position and in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction to regulate the mixing ratio or temperature mix. The shut-off position is singular, i.e. the faucet is shut off only when the lever is moved to a central position over the fixed delivery spout. When the spout is adjusted to a position other than a central position, the user may experience difficulty in shutting off the flow, or may think he has shut off the flow while in fact this has not happened completely and the faucet will drip. This situation occurs more commonly when the spout is only slightly rotating from its central position, and a person assumes that the spout is centered and moves the lever to align with the spout. 
     What is needed is therefore to resolve the problem explained above so that the user of a faucet with an adjustable spout can correctly orient the lever to correctly adjust flow rate and temperature and be assured that the faucet is completely shut off. This assurance should be equally ascertained for all rotated directions of the adjustable spout. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the recess or cavity for installation of the mixing cartridge on the faucet is in a component of the faucet mounted for rotation with the delivery spout, that in turn is adjustable in relation to the fixed body of the faucet. Because of this feature, the cartridge valve installed in the faucet rotates together with the delivery spout. When the orientation of the spout in relation to the fixed body of the faucet is altered, the orientation for correct movement of the operating lever also rotates correspondingly. The user can then operate the lever by adopting the same criteria he is accustomed to adopt in operating faucets with fixed delivery spouts, and this is translated into greater ease of operation. 
     Preferably the orientation of the mixing cartridge is pre-determined by a recess in the same component of the faucet which integrally forms its adjustable spout. 
     Preferably the faucet employs a mixing cartridge of the open type, offering lateral delivery openings, and the component in which the orientation for the mixing cartridge is pre-determined offers a peripheral area into which the delivery openings of the mixing cartridge open and which communicate directly with an internal passage of the delivery spout. 
     Preferably, for the purpose of ensuring proper supply to the mixing cartridge in any position of the delivery spout of the valve, the component in which the orientation of the mixing cartridge is predetermined offers a two-way rotating hydraulic coupling in relation to the fixed body of the faucet that in turn is connected to the supply pipes. Preferably this rotating hydraulic coupling involves a central passage connected to one of the supply pipes and a peripheral chamber at least partially ring-shaped, connected to the other supply pipe. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Reference now is made to the accompanying drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 illustrates an external view of a form of embodiment of the faucet whose fixed body offers an adjustable delivery spout; 
     FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a faucet with an adjustable spout in accordance with the prior art illustrating how the spout when rotated becomes aslant with the orientation for operation of the operating lever; 
     FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the faucet shown in FIG. 1 illustrating the corresponding orientation for operation of the operating lever when the spout is rotationally adjusted between two positions; 
     FIG. 4 shows a segmented view of the valve as in FIG. 1, illustrating the internal components of this invention; 
     FIG. 5 shows the fixed body in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6 shows the adjustable component and spout mounting the mixing cartridge in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 7 illustrates a side elevational view of another embodiment of a faucet in accordance with the invention; and 
     FIG. 8 is a segmented view of another embodiment of the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring now to FIG. 1, a faucet  29  has a fixed body  1  on which is mounted a rotating component  11  which forms a delivery spout  14 . A cover  26  holds a mixing cartridge  21  in place inside the faucet  29 . The cartridge is equipped with an operating lever  25 . The lever  25  is shown in the form of an erect straight pole and is of the type commonly referred to as a “joystick”. As noted, this operating lever  25  can be moved in a first direction (in the plane of the drawing as shown in FIG. 1) to adjust the flow rate of mixed water between full flow and a shut-off position. In the drawings the control lever  25  is represented in the shut-off position. The operating lever can also be moved in a direction orthogonal to the first direction (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) to regulate the mixing ratio between cold and hot water. 
     In order for one to use the faucet properly, the user must know these directions of movement of the operating lever  25 . The delivery spout  14  is the only part of the faucet that has a prominent extension for indicating a well-defined direction. Because many faucets have fixed delivery spouts, the user habitually takes the direction of the delivery spout  14  as reference for correct operation of the control lever  25 . The operator is thus instinctively or intuitively led to adopt the same criterion or orientation even when the delivery spout is adjustable. However, in this case, known faucets with adjustable spouts may mislead the user as shown in FIG.  2 . The direction shown by the delivery spout  14  varies, as shown by the difference between a first centered position shown in phantom and a second rotated position. It is noted that the directions of movement of the lever  25  of the mixing cartridge, which is installed in a cavity or recess on the fixed body  1  of the faucet always remain unchanged and therefore has a variable relationship with the direction of the delivery spout  14 . As shown in FIG. 2, when the spout is rotated, the two orthogonal axes of motion  31 , 33  of the control lever  25  become aslant with respect to the spout  14 , and the lever  25  become s aslant with respect to the spout  14  when in the shut-off position. 
     In the invention, as is shown in FIG. 4, the mixing cartridge  21  from which the control lever  25  extends is in fact installed in a cavity or recess  35  of a rotating component  11 . The component  11  has the delivery spout  14  integrally formed therewith. The cartridge is retained in the component  11  by the cover  26  which, in this case is secured to the rotating component  11 . The longitudinal axis of the cartridge  21  is aligned with the axis of rotation of the spout  14 . Consequently, when the delivery spout  14  is adjusted in relation to the fixed body  1 , the rotating component  11  also turns, and the mixing cartridge  21  also rotates together with these parts, as illustrated in FIG.  3 . Therefore, the two axes of movement  31 , 33  of the operating lever  25  rotate in relation to the fixed body  1 , and remain constant or fixed with respect to the spout  14 . This fixed relation to the spout is shown in FIG. 3 by the comparison of the two sets of orthogonal axis  31 , 33 . One set is in phantom corresponding to the phantom spout position and the second set is solid corresponding to the rotated solid spout position. The lever  25  also retains its own orientation with respect to the delivery spout  14 . If the spout  14  is rotated, the lever  25  moves with the spout as illustrated in FIG.  3 . Thus, the user may refer to the direction of the delivery spout  14  to determine the directions in which he must move the operating lever  25  to adjust the flow rate of water and the desired temperature. This is what he is accustomed to do when using faucets with fixed delivery spouts. Furthermore, the operating lever  25  is always aligned over the spout  14  when in the shut-off position. 
     Reference now is made to FIGS. 4 and 6 to illustrate the recess or cavity  35  in the rotating component  11 . The cavity  35  that receives the mixing cartridge  21  offers a peripheral area or gap  12 , into which open out the lateral delivery openings  22  of the cartridge  21  (which is of the open type). The gap  12  communicates directly with passage  13  of the delivery spout  14 . 
     It is apparent that, in modifications, the delivery spout  14  can be a component that is structurally separate from the rotating component  11  and is appropriately connected to component  11 . In addition, the recess or cavity  35  that receives the mixing cartridge  21  may not be directly formed in the rotating component  11  but in a component structurally separate and in turn installed in rotating component 
     In order to ensure proper supply to the mixing cartridge  21 , a two-way hydraulic connection is between the rotating component  11  and the fixed body  1  of the faucet. This connection can be better seen with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The rotating component  11  offers a projecting part  15  which offers a central opening  16  and a peripheral ring chamber  18 . The central opening  16  communicates, via a channel  17 , with a first inlet  23  to the cartridge  21 , while the peripheral ring chamber  18  communicates, via a channel  19 , with the second inlet  24  of the cartridge  21 . 
     The fixed body  1  itself of the faucet has a cavity  2  intended to rotatably receive the projecting part  15  of the rotating component  11 . Fixed body  1  has a central opening  3  which communicates with a connection  4  for a first supply pipe (not shown), and a peripheral ring chamber  5  which communicates via a passage  6  with a connection  7  for the second supply pipe (not shown). The parts described are designed so that, when the rotating component  11  is mounted on the fixed body  1  of the faucet, the central openings  3  and  16  can communicate with each other and chambers  5  and  18  communicate with each other. The respective passages are watertight due to seal  8  in opening  3  and ring seals  9  about ring chamber  18 . In this way the supply of cold and hot water to the cartridge  21  is ensured for every rotated position of the delivery spout  14 . 
     The projecting part  15  of the rotating component  11  also offers a peripheral ring groove  20  into which receives a retaining screw  10  screwed through the fixed body  1 . The screw  10  mechanically couples the rotating component  11  in place axially without inhibiting its rotation. The ring groove  20  can be an incomplete arc for the purpose of limiting the field of rotation allowed to the rotating component  11  and to the delivery spout  14 . Correspondingly the peripheral ring chambers  5  and  18  may be incomplete arcs along the circumference. 
     It is understood that in other forms of embodiment, the two-way rotating hydraulic connection between the fixed body  1  and the rotating component  11  can be structured differently, as is known in the prior art for these hydraulic connections. Also, multiple screws  20  may be received circumferentially about parts of the groove  20  to rotationally secure component  11  to the fixed body  1 . 
     Moreover, the control lever  25  is represented as a straight leg or pole but for certain applications it can be molded and shaped and used with the same internal valve mechanism. For example, the lever  25  may be contoured towards the delivery spout as is found in many known faucets. 
     The central shut-off position of the “joystick” ever  25  always corresponds to the direction of the adjustable spout  14 . This shut-off position is selected so that the user is always certain of reaching complete shut-off by moving the lever towards the delivery spout. However, for certain applications, the shut-off position may be reversed, i.e. lifted up in opposition or away from spout  14  or may even be set at a 90 degree offset position for certain applications. In all situations, the shut-off position is permanently set with respect to the spout. Secondly, the orientation of operation is also set with respect to the spout. The application of the invention therefore offers two major advantages for valves with “joystick” operating lever. 
     The invention can naturally be applied also to faucets of different shapes and different valve operations from that represented in FIGS. 2 to  6 . For example, FIG. 7 illustrates how the invention can be applied to a faucet on whose fixed body  1  is not of the so called “joystick” type. FIG. 7 illustrates a valve that is subject to rotation about axis B—B for temperature adjustment and movement about an orthogonal axis for flow adjustment. The handle may be aesthetically contoured for ease of operation about axis B—B for temperature control and for movement about the orthogonal axis for flow control. Moreover, in this example, the cartridge is mounted, in relation to the rotating component  11 , on the axis B—B which forms an angle with the axis of rotation A—A of the adjustable spout. Both axis A—A and B—B are in the plane of the drawings and aligned with the center vertical plane of the spout  14 . These arrangements can turn out to be preferable in some cases, especially in view of certain shapes of the control lever. In this type of faucet, there are many shut-off positions along an arc where the lever is in a down position away from axis B—B. As such, the lever need not be aligned with the spout to completely shut off the faucet. The user still needs an orientation to correctly set the temperature. Usually, the mix position is in the center of the adjustable field of operation and is centered with a fixed spout. In the present invention the center of the adjustable field is oriented with the adjustable spout and rotated therewith. The application of the invention provides the orientation for the correct operation of the control lever  25 . 
     FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of invention incorporating a ball valve that is not a cartridge format. In this embodiment, the rotating component  11  has a recess  41  shaped to receive valve seals  43  in the downstream ends of passages  17  and  19  that seat flushly against ball valve  44 . Ball valve  44  has a control stem  46  passing through cap  26  and is affixed to operating lever  25 . The ball valve  44  is not in a cartridge format but is merely installed in appropriately shaped recess  41  in component  11 . Nevertheless, as spout  14  is adjusted, component  11  is also rotated and carries with it the ball valve  44  and operating lever  25  such that the operation of lever  25  is always oriented with respect to the spout  14 . The actual internal drive components of the ball valve  44  are well known in the prior art and do not form part of this invention. 
     It must be understood that the invention is not limited to the form of embodiments described and illustrated as examples. Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

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