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Detailed Instructions: Based on the given question and tppic, give an answer. The answer is available on on the internet. The questions are mostly centered around a single named entity.
Q: concept: Adriatic Sea question: what does the adriatic sea border?
A: | ['Kvarner Gulf', 'Pag'] | 9 | NIv2 | task1601_webquestions_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Japanese. Your job is to translate the Japanese sentence into English.
（ 拍手 ） 部屋のひとつに入ると、こんなふうになっています。
| (Applause) If you were to walk into one of these rooms, you would see this. | 5 | NIv2 | task1222_ted_translation_ja_en | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language and your task is to convert it into the Swedish language. In translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: I hope - and I thank Mr Monti for this - that the new rules will reflect as many aspects of economic policy as possible and that their social function will be guaranteed.
Student: | Jag hoppas - och i det sammanhanget vill jag tacka professor Monti - att man i det nya regelverket ägnar ett så stort utrymme som möjligt åt den ekonomiska politiken och att man verkligen garanterar dess sociala funktion. | 6 | NIv2 | task313_europarl_en_sv_translation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence or phrase in English. You must translate it to Xhosa in a way that is equivalent in terms of meaning and grammatically correct.
Q: The track left in the water by a moving vessel.
A: | Indlela eshiywa emanzini yinqanawa ehambayo. | 9 | NIv2 | task872_opus_xhosanavy_translation_eng_xhosa | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a hateful post in Bengali that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or a group based on the protected characteristics such as race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. You are expected to classify the post into four classes: Religious, Political, Geopolitical and Personal depending on the topic.
এসব ফালতু দের নিয়ে এসে সেলিব্রেটি বানানোর দরকার নাই।
Output: | Personal | 1 | NIv2 | task1494_bengali_hate_speech_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to answer with 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengthens or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.
Premise: Three girls play in the sand.
Hypothesis: Three girls are at the beach.
Update: People surf in the background.
Output: | strengthener | 1 | NIv2 | task936_defeasible_nli_snli_classification | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you need to count the number of words in a sentence that end with the given letter. Answer with numbers and not words.
Sentence: 'a sandy hill with seagulls with two men and a boat at the top and blue clear sky'. How many words end with the letter 's' in the sentence.
A: | 1 | 7 | NIv2 | task163_count_words_ending_with_letter | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer.
Manchester United have bid £60million for Bayern Munich striker Thomas Muller, according to reports in Germany. The Red Devils have been linked with a move for the German star all summer with Muller admitting he has a special relationship with Louis van Gaal. And German daily Sport BILD claim that United have now made a bumper offer to rival their record fee spent on Angel di Maria in a bid to lure Muller to Old Trafford. Wayne Rooney, Javier Hernandez and James Wilson are the only senior out-and-out strikers at United, although Van Gaal insists signing a forward is 'not a priority' with the likes of Adnan Januzaj and Memphis Depay providing alternatives.BILD claim Manchester United have made £60m offer for Thomas MullerBayern Munich are desperate to keep hold of Germany strikerArsenal were knocked back when they sounded out Bayern for Muller dealMuller has admitted he has special relationship with Louis van GaalREAD: Chelsea set to seal £22m Pedro transfer as Manchester United give up on Barcelona forwardREAD: Manchester United made shock £15m bid for Sadio Mane
Question:In May, he said: '_ and I have a relationship that goes beyond that which is normal between a player and a coach.
Output: | Manchester United | 1 | NIv2 | task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or qualitative relationships such as a relationship in economics or a scientific law and a story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. You are also given a question about the story that requires an understanding of the relationship described in the background paragraph and the story. You need to come up with an answer to the given question; the answer will be a span from either the question or the story. In order to correctly answer the given question, you need to understand the relationship mentioned in the background paragraph and should be able to use it to understand that in the story. Your answer can not consist of any word that is not mentioned in any of these: the background paragraph, the story, or the question. You can directly copy and paste a span from the story or the question while answering the given question.
Q: Background Paragraph: Since the 1990s, many regions have broken up the generation and distribution of electric power to provide a more competitive electricity market. While such markets can be abusively manipulated with consequent adverse price and reliability impact to consumers, generally competitive production of electrical energy leads to worthwhile improvements in efficiency. However, transmission and distribution are harder problems since returns on investment are not as easy to find.
Story: Sweden and Norway had taken two different approaches in dealing with their electric power suppliers. Sweden has broken up large companies into many smaller companies. But Norway kept the handful of large electric power suppliers they had intact, and didn't take initiative to increase their numbers.
Question: Would companies in Sweden find transmission and distribution harder or easier?
A: | harder. | 9 | NIv2 | task061_ropes_answer_generation | zs_opt |
A text is given in Panjabi. Translate it from the Panjabi language to the Telugu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: ਇਸ ਸਹਿਮਤੀ ਪੱਤਰ ਨਾਲ ਖੁਰਾਕ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ ਦੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਨਿਰਮਾਣ ਨੂੰ ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਖੁਰਾਕ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਮੁੱਦਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਤੇਜ਼ੀ ਨਾਲ ਸੁਲਝਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਦੁਵੱਲੇ ਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਨੂੰ ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਕਰਨ, ਆਪਸੀ ਸੂਝ-ਬੂਝ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਕਾਇਮ ਕਰਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਦਦ ਮਿਲੇਗੀ।
A: | తద్వారా క్రమేణా ఆహార భద్రత దిశగా ఇరు పక్షాలు వాటి సామర్థ్య నిర్మాణ యత్నాలను పటిష్టపడగలవు. | 4 | NIv2 | task1065_pib_translation_punjabi_telugu | zs_opt |
Instructions: This task is to translate a news commentary given in Dutch language into Portuguese language. Translate the input statement into the output language while preserving the numberical values, special characters and proper nouns and context of the commentary done.
Input: Maar wat de motivatie ook moge zijn, zeker is dat er een duidelijke respons vereist is.
Output: | Mas seja qual for o fundamento, o certo é que se justifica uma resposta clara. | 3 | NIv2 | task1375_newscomm_translation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a sentence in the english language. Here, your job is to convert english sentence into the bulgarian language.
Q: Food enzymes (vote)
A: | Хранителни ензими (вот) | 4 | NIv2 | task272_europarl_translation | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question having multiple possible answers in Russian language. And you should choose a most suitable option out of "A", "B", "C", "D", and "E" based on your commonsense knowledge.
Input: Question: Комедиант пошутил про лысого орла, и все закончилось так из-за какого лечения?
Options: A Нью-Йорк B канада C скалистые горы D химиотерапия E Британская Колумбия
Output: | D | 3 | NIv2 | task1139_xcsr_ru_commonsense_mc_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for the answer based on the given article.
Article: Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free maize by the US, the government politely said no. "We don't know whether the food is safe," said Zambia's commerce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel. His worries are shared by countries around the world that are in two minds about America's genetically modified(GM,)crops.Just last week, EU member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US. Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed plants to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other. But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature. This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to disease by adding genes from other species.They can also create food with special characteristics, such as "golden rice", which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk. At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods "are not likely to present risks for human health". But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways. Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and give damage to our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops. People in China are also getting worried about GM foods. More than 70 percent of the country's soybean oil is produced from imported GM soybeans. Meanwhile, an investigation last November found that 12 of 60 famous foods sold across the country were GM products. The government has begun to introduce a marking system for GM goods so that people can choose whether or not to eat them.
Answer: the Techniques of GM foods
Output: | Which is the best title for the passage? | 1 | NIv2 | task311_race_question_generation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Polish. Your job is to translate the Polish sentence into Italian.
Dziewczyna Pink 'iego: na początku, on miał takie teksty - "" Napisz coś sprośnego! "" George W. Bush: Najnowsza demokracja świata.
| (La ragazza di Pink:) All'inizio, lui è tipo: "" Scrivi qualcosa di sporco! "" (Bush:) "" La democrazia più nuova del mondo. "" | 5 | NIv2 | task1262_ted_translation_pl_it | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given a hateful post in Spanish from online platforms. You are expected to classify the post into two classes: aggresive or non-aggresive. An aggresive post is one that expresses feelings and opinions in an abusive way and tries to dominate others. Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Post: #ChileParaLosChilenos fuera la escoria inmigrante! @sebastianpinera traidor vende patria
A: | Aggresive | 7 | NIv2 | task336_hateeval_classification_aggresive_es | zs_opt |
Read an exchange between SENDER A and SENDER B, and answer whether SENDER A is a 'Bot' or a 'Human'. There are only a maximum of two senders (A and B) per conversation, and there are no conversations where SENDER A and SENDER B are both bots, or both humans; only one sender per conversation can be a bot, and only one can be a human. Knowing this, need only to classify whether SENDER A is 'Human' or 'Bot'; you do not need to write anything about SENDER B. Typically, bots will have a more disjointed manner of speaking, and will make statements that don't relate to each other, don't make coherent sense, or otherwise appear unnatural. Humans will make statements in a more or less coherent and logical way, potentially including asking the bot why the bot is not making sense or contradicting itself.
Q: SENDER A: i am not a soda fan . i eat too much .
SENDER B: Hello!
SENDER A: i am a very experienced person , so i know it is a definite no !
SENDER B: Do yoy have problem with alcohol?
SENDER A: i have no idea what that is
SENDER B: But I`m recovering now. You don`t drink at all, do you?
SENDER A: i have no idea what that is
SENDER B: Where are you from?
SENDER A: i am not sure . i am a very experienced person .
SENDER B: Wonderful! Do you take any meditation from time to time?
SENDER A: i have tried to try it . i have to try it .
SENDER B: Oh, you should try it more and more! I love it!
SENDER A: i have not tried that . i am sure it will .
SENDER B: Now I live in the city and I have a lot of time to spend with meditation.
SENDER A: i have never heard of that .
SENDER B: Now you do. Where are you from?
SENDER A: i have never tried it , but i will try it .
A: | Bot | 4 | NIv2 | task855_conv_ai_2_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: The input is a sentence. The sentence includes an emotion. The goal of the task is to classify the emotion in the sentence to one of the classes: 'fear', 'joy', 'anger', 'sadness'. The emotion mainly depends on the adverb within the sentence.
Problem:Leroy told us all about the recent depressing events.
Solution: | sadness | 8 | NIv2 | task1338_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_sentiment_classifier | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be presented with a text and a pronoun. You should write an implausible answer to the question of what is the pronoun's reference. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
Q: Gooden claimed that an enraged Mitchell held him hostage during the alleged cat incident. Mitchell responded to Gooden's accusations by accusing Gooden of fabricating the stories in an attempt to divert attention away from Gooden's personal problems. In the famous tenth inning of Game 6 of the 1986 World Series, after Wally Backman and Keith Hernandez had been retired for the first two outs, Mitchell went to the clubhouse to make plane reservations for home in San Diego. However, _he_was called to pinch hit for reliever Rick Aguilera after Gary Carter, the next hitter after Hernandez, singled. <sep>, Pronoun: he
A: | Keith Hernandez | 4 | NIv2 | task331_gap_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2, that agree with each other. Your job is to alter sentence 2 so that the pair contradict each other. Generated sentences must be short, with less than 15 words. New information can be introduced. Avoid using pronouns to confuse the subject of the sentence.
Input: Sentence 1: A man with a guitar is holding a microphone to his lips. Sentence 2: A man is holding a musical instrument.
Output: | A man is running down the street. | 2 | NIv2 | task187_snli_entailment_to_contradiction_text_modification | zs_opt |
Instructions: Given a trivia question, classify broad topical category from this list: 'theater', 'geology', 'book', 'tv', 'astronomy', 'aviation', 'military', 'government', 'boxing', 'projects', 'metropolitan_transit', 'law', 'venture_capital', 'broadcast', 'biology', 'people', 'influence', 'baseball', 'spaceflight', 'media_common', 'cvg', 'opera', 'olympics', 'chemistry', 'visual_art', 'conferences', 'sports', 'language', 'travel', 'location', 'award', 'dining', 'martial_arts', 'comic_strips', 'computer', 'user', 'tennis', 'music', 'organization', 'food', 'event', 'transportation', 'fictional_universe', 'measurement_unit', 'meteorology', 'distilled_spirits', 'symbols', 'architecture', 'freebase', 'internet', 'fashion', 'boats', 'cricket', 'film', 'medicine', 'finance', 'comic_books', 'celebrities', 'soccer', 'games', 'time', 'geography', 'interests', 'common', 'base', 'business', 'periodicals', 'royalty', 'education', 'type', 'religion', 'automotive', 'exhibitions'.
Input: Which Scottish author wrote A Good Man in Africa, The New Confessions, and his most recent novel Ordinary Thunderstorms?
Output: | book | 3 | NIv2 | task900_freebase_qa_category_classification | zs_opt |
In this task you should classify the given text as 'violence' if there is inhumanity associated with it. Otherwise, classify it as 'not violence'. Mentioning killing people, or hurting them in any way is considered violent.
Q: You look magically retarded.
A: | not violence | 4 | NIv2 | task1605_ethos_text_classification | zs_opt |
Q: Based on the given context, craft a common-sense question, especially those that are LONG, INTERESTING, and COMPLEX. The goal is to write questions that are easy for humans and hard for AI machines! To create such questions, here are some suggestions: A. What may (or may not) be the plausible reason for an event? B. What may (or may not) happen before (or after, or during) an event? C. What may (or may not) be a plausible fact about someone (or something)? D. What may (or may not) happen if an event happens (or did not happen)? You can also create other types of questions. DO NOT make your question answerable without looking at the context, or question of which the correct answer can be directly extracted from the context. DO NOT ask a question that requires very specialized knowledge that is not common sense. DO NOT ask too simple or too short questions. Your question must be related to the context and answerable with common sense. Try to add more variations and complexity to the questions.
Context: The worst part is having to pay a full fare from Chester to London for the first time since I started this lark . However , I ' m glad I did n't decide to splash out and pay for first class : there is no full breakfast service on this train . This is not good .
A: | What may happen if I pay for first class ? | 7 | NIv2 | task023_cosmosqa_question_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text from tweets and a boolean question whether this tweet has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer "yes" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer "no".
Problem:Tweet: @tommcfly omg, you came out of the hotel! we thought it was too far away, but it was soo close well, we'll see you in 11 days anyway! x Question: is it a positive tweet?
Solution: | no | 8 | NIv2 | task196_sentiment140_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question about part-of-speech tag of a word in the question. You should write an implausible POS tag to the question. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Here is the Alphabetical list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: CC: Coordinating conjunction, CD: Cardinal number, DT: Determiner, EX: Existential there, FW: Foreign word, IN: Preposition or subordinating conjunction, JJ: Adjective, JJR: Adjective, comparative, JJS: Adjective, superlative, LS: List item marker, MD: Modal, NN: Noun, singular or mass, NNS: Noun, plural, NNP: Proper noun, singular, NNPS: Proper noun, plural, PDT: Predeterminer, POS: Possessive ending, PRP: Personal pronoun, PRP$: Possessive pronoun, RB: Adverb, RBR: Adverb, comparative, RBS: Adverb, superlative, RP: Particle, SYM: Symbol, TO: to, UH: Interjection, VB: Verb, base form, VBD: Verb, past tense, VBG: Verb, gerund or present participle, VBN: Verb, past participle, VBP: Verb, non-3rd person singular present, VBZ: Verb, 3rd person singular present, WDT: Wh-determiner, WP: Wh-pronoun, WP$: Possessive wh-pronoun, WRB: Wh-adverb
Q: What is the part-of-speech tag of the word "the" in the following question: What is the IATA for the airport in the urban agglomeration known as the Golden Horseshoe ?
A: | WP | 9 | NIv2 | task347_hybridqa_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head can be characterized by being or having the Tail or not. Being characterized usually describes entities' general characteristics such as rose is red, or subjective attributes such as thirst is uncomfortable. It can also map to descriptors that speak to the substance or value of items such as meat has the property of being stored in the freezer or bike is powered by a person's legs. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Q: Head: alarm<sep>Tail: found in car
A: | Yes | 4 | NIv2 | task1212_atomic_classification_hasproperty | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Renault biedt zijn Clio met de 98 pk sterke 1,4 liter-zestienkleppenmotor nu ook met een zogeheten Proactive-automaat aan , een automatische transmissie die weinig of geen negatieve weerslag heeft op de prestaties en ook het brandstofverbruik nauwelijks opdrijft . | N V Pron N N Art Num N Adj Num N Adv Adv Prep Art N N Adv Punc Art Adj N Pron Num Conj Pron Adj N V Prep Art N Conj Adv Art N Adv V Punc | 0 | NIv2 | task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a sentence in the Hindi language and your task is to convert it into the English language. In translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).
Input: भूरे भालू अब ब्रिटिश द्वीपों पर नहीं पाए जाते हैं और यह सोचा गया था कि अलास्का के आस-पास रहने वाले भूरे भालू के साथ ध्रुवीय भालू और अधिक जल्दी परिवारों के बीच हस्तक्षेप करते हैं।
Output: | Brown bears are no longer found on the British Isles, and it had been thought that polar bears interbred more recently with brown bears living around Alaska. | 2 | NIv2 | task433_alt_hi_en_translation | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
Question: How many children does the artist have who Cantrell worked as a professional backing vocalist for in the late 1990s? Passage 1:In the years since September 11, 2001, Clinton has been subject to criticism that he failed to capture Osama bin Laden as President. In a September 24, 2006, interview with Fox News' Chris Wallace on Fox News Sunday, Clinton challenged his critics. According to Clinton, he faced criticism from various conservatives during his administration for being too obsessed with Bin Laden. Clinton also noted that his administration created the first comprehensive anti-terrorist operation, led by Richard Clarke—whom Clinton accuses the Bush Administration of demoting. Clinton also said he worked hard to try to kill Bin Laden. Former international negotiator and current businessman, financier and media commentator Mansoor Ijaz claimed that from 1996–1998, he had opened up unofficial negotiations with Sudan to lift terrorism sanctions from that country in exchange for intelligence information about the terrorist groups Islamic Jihad, Hezbollah and Hamas. He claimed that Sudan was also prepared to offer custody of terrorist mastermind Osama bin Laden, who had been living in the country and launching operations. According to Ijaz, neither Clinton nor National Security Advisor Sandy Berger responded to the situation. Bin Laden later left Sudan and established his operations in Afghanistan under the protection of the Taliban and, with his network, planned out terrorist attacks against American interests worldwide, including attacks on American embassies in Tunisia and Sudan as well as the bombing of USS Cole. The most infamous were the attacks of September 11, 2001 that occurred under Clinton's successor, George W. Bush nine months after Clinton left office. However, the 9/11 Commission Report later found no credible evidence to support the Sudan custody offer as the American Ambassador to the Sudan had no legal basis to ask for custody due to no indictment against Bin Laden:
Passage 2:In the late-1990s, Cantrell established as a professional backing vocalist for artists such as Sean "Puffy" Combs. In 1999, she became member of the girl band 8th Avenue, a protegé of singer Teddy Riley. While the band recorded several songs and appeared on Blackstreet's 1999 album Finally, their material was left unused after Riley left Blackstreet to reform his previous group Guy and Blackstreet were subsequently dropped by Interscope Records, also leading to 8th Avenue's disbandment. Soon after, Cantrell was introduced by both a dancer friend and R&B singer Usher to Red Zone Entertainment head, music producer Tricky Stewart. Stewart originally wanted her to become a member of his girl group 321, but soon offered Cantrell to work with her as a solo artist following a fruitful recording session. Cantrell subsequently moved in with Stewart and his girlfriend in their Atlanta house, and was promptly placed with Arista Records head Antonio "L.A." Reid who offered the singer a contract with the company after hearing one song she wrote and sang in front of him and his staff. After a bidding war with several different labels, Reid's bid was the highest, prompting Cantrell to sign with them.
Passage 3:MacDowall was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the 57th Regiment of Foot in 1791 and served in Flanders in 1793 and after serving as Commander-in-Chief in Ceylon from 1798 to 1804. In 1802, as a Major-General, he was appointed Colonel commandant of a Battalion of the 40th Regiment of Foot in place of Lord Hutchinson. He was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Madras Army in 1807. He was made Colonel of the 41st Regiment of Foot in 1808. Following a period of dispute with the civil government of Madras over his exclusion from its council, and the affair of the arrest of Quartermaster-General John Munro, he resigned his commission in January 1809 and took ship for England on the East Indiaman Lady Jane Dundas. The ship was lost with all hands near the Cape of Good Hope in March 1809.
| 2 | 0 | NIv2 | task230_iirc_passage_classification | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen after that sentence. Is any of them directly caused by it, or is made possible by it? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible. Do not change the main selected sentence in your answer.
Q: story: I went on a field trip to a nursery when I was a small child. They gave us each a tomato they had grown right there! My mother set it aside to use in our dinner. When she came back for it, there was a huge chunk missing. My brother, a toddler who loved tomatoes, had helped himself to it!
selected sentence: I went on a field trip to a nursery when I was a small child.
A: | I go to a nursery >Causes/Enables> They give me a tomato | 4 | NIv2 | task748_glucose_reverse_cause_event_detection | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question containing a blank (_) and two options. You should pick the best option to answer the question. Please answer with "A" or "B".
Problem:The node on the head needed medication applied to its area because the _ was swollen. (A) node (B) medication
Solution: | A | 8 | NIv2 | task1391_winogrande_easy_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Portugese.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: לכל הגישות הללו יש מכנה משותף אחד.
Student: | Mas todas estas tentativas têm uma coisa em comum. | 6 | NIv2 | task1114_ted_translation_he_pt | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2, that neither agree with nor contradict each other. Your job is to alter sentence 2 so that the pair clearly contradict each other. Generated sentences must be short, with less than 15 words. New information can be introduced. Avoid using pronouns to confuse the subject of the sentence.
Input: Sentence 1: A woman sits on a blue bench reading a book. Sentence 2: There is a woman outdoors.
Output: | There is a woman sitting on a bench. | 2 | NIv2 | task189_snli_neutral_to_contradiction_text_modification | zs_opt |
You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Arabic.
Q: כשילדים נמצאים בחוף, רובם אוהבים לשחק במים,
A: | عندما كان هناك أطفال على الشاطئ ، معظمهم يحبون اللعب بالماء. | 4 | NIv2 | task1237_ted_translation_he_ar | zs_opt |
Teacher:A text is given in Marathi. Translate it from the Marathi language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: तुम्ही भारतीय उत्सव तुमचे समजून साजरे करता.
Student: | ਤੁਸੀਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਭਾਰਤੀ ਤਿਊਹਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮਨਾਉਂਦੇ ਹੋ। | 6 | NIv2 | task1029_pib_translation_marathi_punjabi | zs_opt |
Q: You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Paragraph- Sent 1: The Ottoman Empire was weakening, however, and in 1821, the peoples of the Greek mainland achieved nationhood for the first time.
Sent 2: The Cyclades and the Sporades island chains were also included in this new state.
Sent 3: A new sense of identity enveloped Greek peoples throughout the Aegean, thus commencing a movement to expand Greece and unify the disparate Orthodox populations.
Sent 4: The Twentieth Century A series of disastrous decisions at the beginning of the 20th century began to sound a death knell for the Ottoman Empire.
Sent 5: The Turks lost a short war with Italy, and were forced to relinquish the Dodecanese islands to the Italians.
Sent 6: Greece took this opportunity to absorb the islands of the northern and eastern Aegean and to add Macedonia to its mainland territories.
Sent 7: Following this debacle, the Ottomans then allied themselves to Germany in the World War I, losing more territory with the defeat of the Germans in that war.
Sent 8: Greece was handed a strip of land along the western coast of Asia Minor, which for over 2,000 years had had a substantial Greek population.
Sent 9: Greece moved in to administer the land, but a new influence upset any grand dreams of making this region a part of greater Greece.
Sent 10: In 1923, Turkey broke away from the tired Ottoman rulers, and Kemal Ataturk rose to power on a wave of popular support.
Sent 11: He promised a modern state for his people, but as the situation became volatile, civil strife broke out in Turkish cities, and those considered Greek were victims of threats and violence.
Sent 12: Many had to leave their birthplaces, fleeing to Lesvos, Chios, and Samos, the Greek-ruled islands just offshore.
Sent 13: Thousands of people arrived with little more than the clothes they wore, putting great strain on the resources of the islands.
Sent 14: Finally, Greece was ousted from its new territory in Asia Minor, which became part of the new Turkish state.
Question: Who promised a modern state for the people of Turkey?.
A: | 10, 11. | 7 | NIv2 | task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you're given a context passage, a question, and three answer options. Your task is to return an incorrect answer option to the question from the choices given. For all questions, only one of the three answer options is correct. Pick one of the two incorrect answer options as the output.
Input: Context: Aubrey did not say anything to Kai about the math test for tomorrow class.
Question: What will happen to Kai?
Options: (A) get good grades (B) remorseful (C) fail the test
Output: | A | 2 | NIv2 | task385_socialiqa_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you are given inputs 'i', 'j', and A, where 'i' and 'j' are integers and A is a list. A list is shown by two brackets and comma-separated numbers and characters inside, like ['1', '12', 'l']. You need to concatenate all elements of A from the ith element to the jth element, and then reverse the resulting string. 'i' and 'j' will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. 'i' will always be less than 'j'. Perform the operations in order, i.e., do not reverse first and then concatenate.
Input: 7, 18, ['u', '5859', '6787', 's', 'w', '2211', '9011', 'l', '909', '1793', 'v', '3519', '3665', 's', 'm', '4693', '2495', 'H', '1537', '9025', 'a', '7217', '1747', '2061', '1383', 't']
Output: | H59423964ms56639153v3971909l1109 | 3 | NIv2 | task267_concatenate_and_reverse_all_elements_from_index_i_to_j | zs_opt |
Teacher:Given an Amazon customer review, write a title for the review. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Reliable. In my camera >1 year. Fast txfer speed. No issues.
Student: | Five Stars | 6 | NIv2 | task1342_amazon_us_reviews_title | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given an input list A. If the count of numbers is more than that of alphabets in the list, answer 'Numbers Win'. If the count of alphabets is more than that of numbers in the list, answer 'Alphabets Win'. If the count of numbers is same as that of alphabets in the list, answer 'Numbers and Alphabets are Tied'.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: ['D', 'N', 'g', '7357', 's', 'V', '5885', '8021', '607', '3731', '5555', '6995', '627', 'R', 'J', 'i', 'v', 'H', '2159', 'Q', '1709', '6389', '3929', '7521', 'g', 't', 'u', 'o', '2935', 'U', '3881', '9413', 'm', 's', '2589', 'l', '6725', 'T', '2739', '5359']
Student: | Numbers and Alphabets are Tied | 6 | NIv2 | task523_find_if_numbers_or_alphabets_are_more_in_list | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a passage and a question regarding that passage. You must determine whether or not the question is answerable from the given passage. If a question is answerable, output should be 'True', otherwise 'False'. You must not consider any other information that is not provided in the passage while labelling True or False.
Passage: Soon after the Normans began to enter Italy, they entered the Byzantine Empire and then Armenia, fighting against the Pechenegs, the Bulgars, and especially the Seljuk Turks. Norman mercenaries were first encouraged to come to the south by the Lombards to act against the Byzantines, but they soon fought in Byzantine service in Sicily. They were prominent alongside Varangian and Lombard contingents in the Sicilian campaign of George Maniaces in 1038–40. There is debate whether the Normans in Greek service actually were from Norman Italy, and it now seems likely only a few came from there. It is also unknown how many of the "Franks", as the Byzantines called them, were Normans and not other Frenchmen. Question: Who did the Normans fight in Italy?
| False | 5 | NIv2 | task349_squad2.0_answerable_unanswerable_question_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a sentence in Spanish. Your job is to translate the Spanish sentence into Japanese.
A los 19 años, el día siguiente a mi graduación, me mudé a un lugar donde nevaba y me hice masajista.
Output: | 高校を卒業したばかりの 19歳の時雪が降る町に引っ越しマッサージセラピストになりました | 1 | NIv2 | task1227_ted_translation_es_ja | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you have given an input which is user's command or question, based on that you have to return what will be Agent's response/reply for that particular user's command or question
Actually it's on Friday of that week.
Output: | I’ve changed the anniversary party to March 15th. | 1 | NIv2 | task1603_smcalflow_sentence_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Given an input stream, the objective of this task is to classify whether words in the stream are grammatically correct or not. The input to this task is a stream of words, possibly from captions generated by a speech-to-text engine, and the output is a classification of each word from the labels (reason) = [NO_DIFF (correct), CASE_DIFF (case error), PUNCUATION_DIFF (punctuation error), CASE_AND_PUNCUATION_DIFF (both case and punctuation error), STEM_BASED_DIFF (stem word error), DIGIT_DIFF (digit error), INTRAWORD_PUNC_DIFF (intra-word punctuation error), and UNKNOWN_TYPE_DIFF (an error that does not corrrespond to the previous categories)].
Problem:['in', 'the', 'last', 'video', 'we', 'talked', 'about', 'pensions', 'and', 'how', "they're", 'defined', 'benefit', 'plans', 'and', 'how', 'they', 'could', '', 'get', 'underfunded', 'or', 'how', 'there', 'could', 'be', 'temptation', 'for', 'people', 'to', 'under', 'fund', 'them', 'in', 'this', 'video', 'I', 'want', 'to', 'make', 'things', 'a', 'little', 'bit', 'more', 'concrete', 'by', 'looking', 'at', 'actual', 'numbers', 'especially', 'at', 'the', 'state', 'level', 'so', 'right', 'over', 'here', "it's", 'a', 'map', 'of', 'obviously', 'the', 'United', 'States', 'and', 'what', 'it', 'shows', 'is', 'is', 'how', 'funded', 'the', 'pension', 'liabilities', 'are', 'in', 'the', 'different', 'states', 'so', 'for', 'example', 'actually', 'you', 'know', 'Texas', 'for', 'example', '83%', 'of', 'their', 'pension', 'liabilities', 'are', 'funded']
Solution: | ['CASE_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'CASE_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'UNKNOWN_TYPE_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'CASE_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'CASE_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'NO_DIFF', 'PUNCUATION_DIFF'] | 8 | NIv2 | task1416_youtube_caption_corrections_incorrect_grammar_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language and your task is to convert it into the Hindi language. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
It is the only means to learn about the culture and civilization of the Aryans of Vedic age.
Output: | वैदिक युग के आर्यों की संस्कृति और सभ्यता जानने का एकमात्र साधन यही है। | 1 | NIv2 | task425_hindienglish_corpora_en_hi_translation | zs_opt |
Teacher:You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into English.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: هي أكثر اهتماما بالوظيفة الجغرافية لبعضها البعض من الجغرافيا السياسية.
Student: | They are more interested in each other's functional geography than in their political geography. | 6 | NIv2 | task1230_ted_translation_ar_en | zs_opt |
Teacher:Given a review text from amazon and its polarity (either positive or negative). Generate answer "True" if given sentence and its polarity match, otherwise generate answer "False". A review is considered positive if the reviewer is satisfied with the product. Otherwise, it is considered negative.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Review: I've read "On The Road" three times over the last six years. It is, in my opinion, a masterpiece. Having said that I decided to get "Dharma Bums" and I did not care for most of the book as I am not into Buddha and zen. Only once in a while a glimmer of the fun of "On The Road" seeped in, but not enough.I also did not like the supporting characters as I did in "On The Road."This book was pushed by many people as Kerouac's second best. I found it to be uninteresting and probably should not pursue any other of his books if this was considered "his second best."
Polarity: Positive
Student: | False | 6 | NIv2 | task494_review_polarity_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You are asked to create a question containing a blank (_), based on the given context word. Your question must contain two related but different objects; for example "trophy" and "suitcase". The expected answer to your question must be one of the objects present in the sentence. The expected answer must not be associated with any specific word in the question; instead it should depend on the context present in the question. The expected answer should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, there should be a agreed upon answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use animals or proper nouns (e.g., New York, Macbook, Jeff Bezos, McDonald's, ...) as your objects. Avoid repeating the same style, pattern or phrases in each question, try to increase diversity by varying sentence structure, blank placement etc. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that Object X and Y have the same number e.g. when ObjectX is singular, Object Y must be singular, too. The two objects (Object X & Object Y) should be used ONCE in your question. Here is a list of attributes and associated pair of contrastive words which may be used to create a valid question using the objects. You can use either of the contrastive words, but not both. You should think about more such attributes and associated words and use them in your question.
| Attribute | triggerword | contrastive triggerword |
| age | old | new |
| altitude | low | high |
| area | small | vast |
| brightness | dark | light |
| clarity | obscure | clear |
| cleanness | dirty | clean |
| complexity | simple | complex |
| cost | cheap | expensive |
| density | sparse | dense |
| depth | shallow | deep |
| distance | near | far |
| electric conductivity | low | high |
| flexibility | rigid | flexible |
| granularity | fine | coarse |
| hardness | soft | hard |
| length | short | long |
| magnitude | small | large |
| mass | small | large |
| odor | weak | strong |
| pressure | low | high |
| resistance | low | high |
| shape | round | sharp |
| shape | flat | spiky |
| size | small | large |
| sound | quiet | loud |
| sound pitch | low | high |
| speed | slow | fast |
| stability | unstable | stable |
| strength | weak | strong |
| temperature | low | high |
| texture | smooth | rough |
| thermal conductivity | low | high |
| thickness | thin | thick |
| volume | small | large |
| weight | light | heavy |
| width | narrow | wide |
| location | in | out |
| location | up | down |
| location | above | below |
| location | on | off |
| location | to | from |
Problem:Context Word: stealing.
Solution: | Jen caught her son stealing from her purse and from a store, but she knew stealing from the _ would hurt her feelings more. | 8 | NIv2 | task031_winogrande_question_generation_object | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given a paragraph and title from the research paper. Your task is to classify whether the given title is suitable or not for the research paper based on the given paragraph. Return "True" if title is proper according to paragraph else "False".
Paragraph: The methods of repeated immunization with inactivated vaccines have been used widely to increase antibody protection against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). However, compared with DNA vaccines, these methods usually induce poor cellular responses. In the present study, specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were immunized intramuscularly with a DNA vaccine carrying the main IBV structural genes (pVAX1-S1, pVAX1-M, and pVAX1-N, respectively) and boosted with the IBV M41 strain inactivated vaccine to assess whether such a new strategy could enhance the immune responses against IBV. The protection efficacy of the DNA vaccine carrying different structural genes for priming was evaluated further. The chickens were immunized primely on day 7 and boosted 2 weeks later. After that, distribution of the DNA vaccine in vivo, the percentage of CD4+CD3+ and CD8+CD3+ subgroups of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes, and the specific IgG and virus neutralizing antibodies were measured. Chickens were then challenged by the nasal-ocular route with the IBV M41 strain 4 weeks after booster immunization. The results demonstrated that priming with a DNA vaccine encoding nucleocapsid protein (pVAX1-N) and boosting with the inactivated IBV vaccine led to the dramatic augmentation of humoral and cellular responses, and provided up to 86.7% rate of immune protection, providing an effective approach to protect chickens from IBV.
Title: Priming with a DNA vaccine and boosting with an inactivated vaccine enhance the immune response against infectious bronchitis virus
| True | 5 | NIv2 | task1162_coda19_title_classification | zs_opt |
Q: Given a concept word, generate a hypernym for it. A hypernym is a superordinate, i.e., a word with a broad meaning constituting a category, that generalizes another word. For example, color is a hypernym of red.
alligator
A: | beast | 7 | NIv2 | task1582_bless_hypernym_generation | zs_opt |
Given a sentence in the Lao, provide an equivalent translation in Japanese that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
ໃນເບື້ອງຕົ້ນ ເຊເລນາ ຫວັງວ່າຈະຄອບຄອງການແຂ່ງຂັນແຕ່ຖືກຕັດພຽງເວລາອັນສັ້ນເມື່ອລາວແພ້ໃຫ້ຜູ້ຖືກຈັດໃຫ້ເປັນເບີໜຶ່ງ ຈັສທີນ ເຮນິນ ໃນໄຕມາດສຸດທ້າຍ. | セリーナは当初強さを見せたにも関わらず、第1シードのジュスティーヌ・エナンに準々決勝で破れ、トーナメント制圧の望みは絶たれた。 | 0 | NIv2 | task1125_alt_lo_ja_translation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
for the greater crime. See State v. Shumway, 291 Or 153, 164, 630 P2d 796 (1981) (applying vertical proportionality to conclude that the portion of a sentence that required the defendant to serve a minimum of 25 years before being eligible for parole was invalid under Article I, section 16, because it required a lesser minimum sentence for aggravated intentional homicide than “unaggravated” intentional homicide); State v. Dobash, 210 Or App 145, 148, 149 P3d 1235 (2006) (determining that the defendant’s sentence was not unconstitutional because the maximum sentence allowed by law for first-degree theft was at least five years’ probation, which was greater than the four years’ probation that the defendant received for second-degree theft); State v. Koch, 169 Or App 223, 7 P3d 769 (2000) (<HOLDING>). In this case, defendant maintains that
Holding statements: (A) holding a 24month sentence for forgery unconstitutional because it exceeded the maximum sentence that the defendant could have received for a more serious forgery conviction (B) recognizing a claim that the sentence exceeded the statutory maximum (C) holding that an effective life sentence of fortyfive years for seconddegree forgery was excessive and that a life sentence was cruel and unusual in violation of the eighth amendment (D) holding statutory maximum for prior conviction is the potential maximum sentence defined by the applicable state criminal statute not the maximum sentence which could have been imposed against the particular defendant according to the states sentencing guidelines (E) holding that a sentence imposed for a violation of supervised release will be upheld where 1 the district court considered the applicable policy statements 2 the sentence is within the statutory maximum and 3 the sentence is reasonable
| recognizing a claim that the sentence exceeded the statutory maximum | 5 | NIv2 | task287_casehold_legal_incorrect_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task you will be given a list of integers. For every element in the list, if the element is even you should divide by two, if the element is odd you should multiply by three then add one. The output should be a list of integers that is the result of applying that logic to the input list.
Input: [84, 111, 61, 169, 181, 156]
Output: | [42, 334, 184, 508, 544, 78] | 2 | NIv2 | task206_collatz_conjecture | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a question, a context passage, and four options which are terms from the passage. After reading a passage, you will get a brief understanding of the terms. Your job is to determine by searching and reading further information of which term you can answer the question. Indicate your choice as 'a', 'b', 'c', or 'd'. If you think more than one option is plausible, choose the more probable option to help you answer the question.
Q: Question: Which of the two Malabar banded butterflies that fly at sea level is the largest, the Malabar banded peacock or the Malabar banded swallowtail? Passage:Indian swallowtails are found almost everywhere in the country. The Malabar banded peacock (Papilio buddha) and the Malabar banded swallowtail (Papilio liomedon) fly at sea level while the Apollos (Parnassius species), are to be found only in the highest alpine meadows of the Himalayas. Some species such as the common Mormon (Papilio polytes) and the blue Mormon (Papilio polymnestor) fly at ground level whereas others, such as the tailed jay (Graphium agamemnon) are normally found flying high in the forest canopy. The lime butterfly (Papilio demoleus) is a creature of arid scrub-land, occasionally being spotted even in the Thar Desert, while the tropical evergreen forests have their own representatives, such as the red Helen (Papilio helenus), the common bluebottle (Graphium cloanthus) and the Malabar raven (Papilio dravidarum). Indian papilionids such as the common Mormon (Papilio polytes) and great Mormon (Papilio memnon) show polymorphism with many mimetic female forms.
Links: a. Papilio demoleus b. Graphium agamemnon c. Papilio polytes d. Papilio buddha
A: | d | 4 | NIv2 | task231_iirc_link_classification | zs_opt |
You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or qualitative relationships such as a relationship in economics or a scientific law and a story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. You are also given a question about the story that requires an understanding of the relationship described in the background paragraph and the story. You need to come up with an answer to the given question; the answer will be a span from either the question or the story. In order to correctly answer the given question, you need to understand the relationship mentioned in the background paragraph and should be able to use it to understand that in the story. Your answer can not consist of any word that is not mentioned in any of these: the background paragraph, the story, or the question. You can directly copy and paste a span from the story or the question while answering the given question.
Background Paragraph: The traditional model of child psychology in relation to parents is called, “Classical Attachment” in which the child has a strong attachment to one figure (the mother). In alloparenting communities, attachment theory suggest that the same sort of bond is shared between the child and multiple community members.[32] This has potential advantages for the child and the parents. The child has a diversified network of caregivers which can provide intimate emotional support.[33] The parent’s cost of child rearing goes down as well as the emotional cost and cost of tangible resources. According to The US National Library of Medicine, alloparenting has proven to activate portions of the brain that are correlated with decreasing stress levels.[34].
Story: Different societies take care of their young differently. It often boils down to economic activities. For example, take two locations, location A and location B. Location A is a large city where life is hectic. Children are usually raised here according to classical attachment. On the other hand, location B is in the countryside where people get to see each other more often. Location B is essentially an alloparenting community.
Question: Would a child have less stress or more stress in location A? | more stress. | 0 | NIv2 | task061_ropes_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: A text is given in Gujarati. Translate it from the Gujarati language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Input: میڈیکل کالج کے لئے سالانہ اخراجات ،مرکز کے زیر اتنظام علاقہ کے بجٹ التزام کے تحت کئے جائیں گے۔
Output: | આ મેડિકલ કોલેજથી વિદ્યાર્થીઓને અને ખાસ કરીને બે કેન્દ્ર શાસિત પ્રદેશોના આદિવાસી અને ગ્રામીણ વિસ્તારોના લોકોને લાભ થશે. | 2 | NIv2 | task1002_pib_translation_urdu_gujarati | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task you are given an anecdote. You must find out whether the anecdote is something the author has done or is considering doing. Label the instances as "HISTORICAL" when the author has already done something and label them as "HYPOTHETICAL" when the author is considering doing something in the future.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: &#x200B;
My relationship with my parents has always been strained. This is for a number of reasons. To start off in the 4th grade they left a cult, a cult I still believed in, I didn't really have anyone to talk to at the time, so I resorted to the internet to help me work through what I believed. At this point I didn't really see my parent's as a role model. They also had me during college, a decision I am certain they now both regret, so I feel partially responsible for them being stuck with a kid they don't want. In the 6th grade I was being an ass, making fun of my dads friend, thinking that neither him or I was taking it seriously, unfortunately I didn't know I was being an dick until I heard my dad call me an ass after I left the room. This type of scenario happened again with my mom. She was complaining about me and my siblings not helping out as much as we should. I got mad and said that it was her job to clean up after us, I know I was the asshole in the scenario, unfortunately I didn't know how much of a dick I was being until my dad came home. I heard her crying to my dad in their room, and I started feeling really bad about it. A few minutes later my dad came into my room and asked me "why are you being such an ass to your mom". It is because of these events, and many little ones, that I am very reserved around my parents, I think they are going to talk about me behind my back. I also feel like I can't rely on my parents emotionally, so I have been resorting to the internet and myself for advice/emotional support since the 6th grade. This has matured me, greatly, and I would argue that I am capable of making thought out and mature decisions, as I couldn't rely on them to make these decisions for me. (as in setting rules, giving advice on what I should do, ect.)
&#x200B;
Okay, so jumping too present day. On Christmas we go to a friends house, a couple hours into the event my mom and her friend go outside to, I later figure out, smoke a cigarette. Now I am fine with that, I have no right to judge what she does, and as long as its not a repeating thing I don't really think its a health issue. However, I am not allowed outside during this time, as she probably doesn't want to set a bad example for me. (keep in mind I don't consider them role models anymore). Later on New Years they say that we are going to the Rose parade, as they found a way to get in easily. However, we would have to go early. and I thought that after staying up late New Years eve I wouldn't have enough energy to enjoy the parade. Long story short, they forced my to go, and I ended up napping the entire time. After winter break I started independent study, and they are now worried that I will stop seeing friends, and instead stay inside all day. Independent study has allowed me to complete other work that I would normally do all weekend, feeling guilty if I didn't dedicate every moment of my free time to this work (I am a bit of a workaholic). This weekend, now that I didn't fill an extreme amount of guilt for hanging out, I decided to take a long break, watching Netflix and playing video games with friends all weekend. Meanwhile I put off chores until Monday, last night my parents shut off my internet, telling me they wouldn't turn it on until I got my chores done. I did my chores, and, rudely, told them to turn the internet back on. They told me that I was being disrespectful and entitled, I told them to stop parenting me, and that if I could get a job and leave I would. (Though I do have experience to get a job in programming, I am also 14... so I cant get a job).
&#x200B;
AITA for getting mad when my parents try to... parent me?
Student: | HISTORICAL | 6 | NIv2 | task282_scruples_event_time | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a sentence and a question. You're expected to write an **incorrect** answer to the given question, such that it is relevant to the given sentence. Your answer should not be completely out of context. Try to write short answers with one or two words.
Sentence: John and Jane start playing basketball together, but Jane only plays for half as long as John. Question: If both John and Jane are equally athletic, who will have more sweat on their body?
Output: | Jane | 1 | NIv2 | task1383_quarel_write_incorrect_answer | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task you will be given a string of characters. You should remove all vowels from the given string. Vowels are: i,e,a,u,o. The character 'y' or 'Y' does not count as a vowel.
Input: JwCrYeAaaiYEh
Output: | JwCrYYh | 3 | NIv2 | task365_synthetic_remove_vowels | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Sentence1: Jill is driving down the road. Sentence2: Her car starts to make a strange noise. Sentence3: She pulls over and checks the hood. Sentence4: It's smoking everywhere. Sentence5: She calls triple A for help with her car. | Triple a, Jill | 0 | NIv2 | task292_storycommonsense_character_text_generation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a text from tweets and a boolean question whether this tweet has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer "yes" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer "no".
Tweet: Still sleepy I don't like having to wake up early... Question: is it a positive tweet?
| no | 5 | NIv2 | task196_sentiment140_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are presented with a term, a question, and a yes/no answer. For context, the term is associated with a short description. Write the simple facts one needs to know in order to answer the given question. The facts should be easily found on the web (e.g. mentioned in a Wikipedia page)
Term: Law & Order, Description: original television series (1990-2010), Question: Are there winged statuettes in the home of the creator of Law & Order?, Answer:Yes
| Fact1: Law & Order was created by Dick Wolf Fact2: Dick Wolf won an Emmy in 2007 Fact3: Dick Wolf won an Emmy in 1997 Fact4: The Emmy statuette is of a winged woman holding an atom | 5 | NIv2 | task169_strategyqa_sentence_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given two sets, and a question. You need to find whether an element is at the intersection of two given sets. A Set is shown by two curly braces and comma-separated numbers inside, like {1, 2, 3}. The intersection of two given sets is the largest set which contains all the elements that are common to both sets. An element is at the intersection of two given sets, A and B, if common to both A and B. Classify your answers into 'Yes' or 'No'.
Problem:Set1: '{1, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19}', Set2: '{2, 3, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 20}'. Is the element '12' in the intersection of Set1 and Set2 ?
Solution: | Yes | 8 | NIv2 | task245_check_presence_in_set_intersection | zs_opt |
Construct a question that every answer in the list is correct and reasonable for it.
Q: soup, meat, bread, pizza, pasta, coffee/tea
A: | name something warm served at an allyoucan eat buffet | 4 | NIv2 | task821_protoqa_question_generation | zs_opt |
The provided file includes inquiries about restaurants in Italian, and we ask you to translate those to English language. Please bear in mind the following guidelines while doing the translation: 1) We are looking for the most naturally written and formal form of each sentence in your language. We are *NOT* looking for colloquial forms of the sentence. We are looking for formal form which is how you would type your queries in a text-based virtual assistant. 2) The words between quotation marks *SHOULD NOT* be translated. We expect you to keep those values intact and include the quotation marks around them as well. 3) The fully capitalized words like DATE_0, or DURATION_0 *SHOULD NOT* be translated. Please keep them as they are in the translations. 4) Please do not localize measurement units like miles to kilometers during your translation. miles should be translated to its equivalent in your language. 6) Note the input is all lowercased except for fully capitalized special placeholders (e.g. NUMBER, DATE, TIME). Please do the same in your translations.
Q: cerca ristoranti " vegetarian " con valutazioni di 4 o più stelle.
A: | search for " vegetarian " restaurants with 4 star reviews or better . | 4 | NIv2 | task255_spl_translation_it_en | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head is capable of the Tail or not. Being capable of something includes general capabilities, such as a human is capable of thinking and reasoning or drinking coffee. It also includes specialized capabilities such as a surgeon is capable of operating on a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Head: PersonX accomplishes PersonX's task<sep>Tail: motivated
A: | No | 7 | NIv2 | task1215_atomic_classification_capableof | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Translate from English to Hindi.
Q: Matsu!
A: | मात्सु! | 9 | NIv2 | task1329_open_subtitles_en_hi_translation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given a list of numbers and you need to subtract every value in the list with the index it is at. The index of an elements shows its numerical order in the list(for example, in the list [7,10,4,5], the index of 7 is 1 and the index of 4 is 3) You should start the index at 1, so the first element in the list will be subtracted by one. For every element in the list you need to find "element - index" where the index of the beginning element is 1 and increments by 1 for each element. Put your result list in brackets.
Q: [-17, -3, -18, 9]
A: | [-18, -5, -21, 5] | 9 | NIv2 | task096_conala_list_index_subtraction | zs_opt |
Teacher:Given a sentence in Japanese, provide an equivalent paraphrased translation in German that retains the same meaning both through the translation and the paraphrase.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: これはイギリスで最大かつ最も深い洞窟についての情報を含む、イギリスの洞窟のリストです。
Student: | Dies ist eine Liste von Höhlen im Vereinigten Königreich, einschließlich Informationen zu den größten und tiefsten Höhlen in Großbritannien. | 6 | NIv2 | task817_pawsx_japanese_german_translation | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
Context: Women diagnosed with pregnancy-associated breast cancer postpartum have a worse prognosis, stage for stage, than other women with breast cancer. The time of breast involution is tumor promotional. The extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C is upregulated during involution in animal models and promotes breast cancer progression. It interacts with transforming growth factor (TGF)β, which also is involved in breast involution and breast cancer progression. Little is known about the expression of tenascin-C during human breast involution, nor its relationship to TGFβ. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of tenascin-C throughout lactation, as well as its relationship to TGFβ1 and TGFβ2.', 'Three milk samples from 25 lactating women (transitional, whole, and wean) were collected, separated into components (cells, fat, and skim), and the skim fraction analyzed for total protein, tenascin-C, TGFβ1, and TGFβ2. Tenascin-C, TGFβ1, and TGFβ2 were detectable in all milk samples.', 'Highest tenascin-C levels on average were found in whole milk, whereas highest mean TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 levels were in wean milk. Wean samples on average had higher levels of both TGFβ1 (26%) and TGFβ2 (>500%) than matched transitional milk samples. Tenascin-C levels in wean milk were associated with nursing length (p = 0.048). Combining all three milk collection time points, tenascin-C exhibited a weak inverse correlation with TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 (p < 0.1). The inverse correlation at the wean time point was stronger for TGFβ2 than -1 (-0.37 versus -0.25). Tenascin-C, a protein known to promote breast cancer progression, is expressed throughout lactation.\Question: Does expression of the Extracellular Matrix Protein Tenascin-C vary During Lactation? | The inverse correlation with TGFβ2 in wean milk suggests a possible interaction during breast involution, which should be further investigated. | 0 | NIv2 | task849_pubmedqa_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: toxic and non-toxic. Toxicity is defiend as anything that is rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable that would make someone want to leave a converation.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Comment: Poloz is merely stating what has been implicit since Trump won in November. Bank economists have missed this as the key threat in their statements expressing surprise and disappointment in the Bank of Canada continued dovish posture.
Additionally, I think his remarks about rates going up in 2018 were intended to warn real estate speculators in the GTA.
As for his being a disappointment from a business formation and capital expenditure perspective, I think he is not in the least complicit. There are a host of political and structural reasons that business investment is slow and poor commodity prices have not helped.
I was not pleased when Poloz was selected, based on his style and track record at EDC, but he has done a very good job.
Student: | Non-toxic | 6 | NIv2 | task327_jigsaw_classification_toxic | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a context passage, an answer, and a question. Your task is to classify whether the question for this answer is correct or not, based on the given context with commonsense reasoning about social situations. If its correct ,return "True" else "False".
Q: Context: Kendall got straight As and got a big steak dinner for her achievement.
Answer: proud
Question: How would Kendall feel afterwards?
A: | True | 9 | NIv2 | task384_socialiqa_question_classification | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: threat and non-threat. Threat is a statement that someone will be hurt or harmed, especially if the person does not do something in particular.
Input: Comment: You will be found, soon, and terminated.
Output: | Threat | 2 | NIv2 | task322_jigsaw_classification_threat | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task you are given a statement and an explanation giving you further knowledge about an entity in the statement. You must judge whether the statement is true or false based on the explanation. Label an instance as "True" if the explanation confirms the statement or doesn't disprove it. Label an instance as "False" if the explanation disproves the statement. The statement and explanation are separated by a newline character.
Input: Sonic the Hedgehog started as a film.
Sonic the Hedgehog was a video game that then turned into a film.
Output: | False | 2 | NIv2 | task403_creak_commonsense_inference | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a real-life anecdote of a complex ethical situation, generate a suitable title that describes the main event/root cause of the situation. Imagine that the given text is a social media post, and you have to write the title of the post, so the users can decide to read the main text or not.
My dad always unplugs the router at 10pm and takes it with him to his bed, so I connected another router in my bedroom without his knowledge, which I turn on when he takes it.
He says the reason he takes it is because my little brother will play games all night if it’s left on.
My router has a different ID and password which my brother doesn’t know, so he can’t access it.
My dad also doesn’t pay for any extra for bandwidth at certain times or anything.
I like to do coursework late because I have bad insomnia so I’d rather just do something productive or play games.
Do you guys think what I’m doing is wrong? I’m also 17 if that makes a difference.
| turning on a secondary router when my dad turns off the main one at 10pm | 5 | NIv2 | task500_scruples_anecdotes_title_generation | zs_opt |
Q: You are given a sentence in Galician. Your job is to translate the Galician sentence into Farsi.
Era un camiño vello, pero por diversión deu a volta e comezou a seguilo, e vos digo que pola velocidade á que se movía seguindo as marcas das almofadiñas, ese home tiña un máster en persecución.
A: | این وانت قدیمی بود ، اما برای تفریح دور زد و دنبال پلنگ کرد ، و می توانم بگویم که با سرعتی که او به جاده رسید این مرد دکترای ردگیری داشت. | 7 | NIv2 | task1245_ted_translation_gl_fa | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language from the various articles. Your task is to translate the given English sentence into the Yoruba language. Please bear in mind the following guidelines while doing the translation: 1) Generated output should have natural language and formal form. The output sentence should not be a colloquial form of the input sentence. The generated output should be in natural language which is how you would type your queries in a text-based virtual assistant. 2) The words between quotation marks *SHOULD NOT* be translated. The output should keep those values intact and include the quotation marks around them as well. 3) Numbers and fully capitalized words like SEPTEMBER, or 10 HOURS *SHOULD NOT* be translated. Keep them as they are in the translations. 4) Do not localize measurement units like miles to kilometers during your translation. 5) Note the input is in sentence case except for special placeholders. Do the same in your translations.
Problem:Meanwhile, Senate President Saraki has alleged that EFCC’s inquest was a plot to intimidate and frame him up.
Solution: | (Ọmọ aifọ lorò ńgbé) lómú Aṣòfin Bùkọ́lá Sàràkí fèsì pé Ìròyìn àgbélẹ̀ro àti ìbanilórúkó jẹ́ lásán ni ọ̀rọ̀ yìí. | 8 | NIv2 | task1619_menyo20k-mt_en_yo_translation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: The input is a sentence with a missed word and an emotion. Your task is to fill in the blank with a word that matches the emotion and rewrite the completed sentence. The emotion is one of ['fear', 'joy', 'anger', 'sadness'].
Problem:SENTENCE: The situation makes my uncle feel <blank>.
EMOTION: sadness
Solution: | The situation makes my uncle feel sad. | 8 | NIv2 | task1339_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_text_completion | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a statement written in Bengali. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement . Output the word from the correct option .
Statement: ১৭ শতাব্দীর শুরুতে প্রতাপাদিত্য যশোর,খুলনা, বরিশালসহ গোটা ২৪ পরগনা জেলার অধিপতি ছিলেন। যশোররাজ প্রতাপাদিত্য পর্তুগিজ জলদস্যুদের সঙ্গে বারবার সংঘর্ষে লিপ্ত হয়েছিলেন। তিনি <MASK>, সরসুনা, জগদ্দল প্রভৃতি অঞ্চলে দুর্গ বানিয়ে এদের আটকাবার চেষ্টা করেন। ১৮৯০ সালে সুন্দরবন সফরকারী এক ইংরেজ সাহেব রাজা প্রতাপাদিত্যের রাজপুরীর ধ্বংসাবশেষ দেখতে পান; যা সেসময় 'The Statesman' পত্রিকায় 'The Ruined City of the Sunderbans' নামে প্রকাশিত হয়েছিল।
Option A: খুলনা
Option B: গৌড়
Option C: বঙ্গোপসাগরে
Option D: সাগরদ্বীপ
Output: | সাগরদ্বীপ | 1 | NIv2 | task945_wiki_cloze_bn_multiple_choice_question_answering | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you're given reviews from Amazon's products. Your task is to generate the Summary of the review.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: I feel like it worked for a few days and then it wouldn't help at all. For the price I would of expected it to work a big better.
Student: | I feel like it worked for a few days and then it ... | 6 | NIv2 | task618_amazonreview_summary_text_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:You will be given a trivia clue, and the category it belongs to. You should answer with the best answer that belongs in the category and is described by the clue. For consistency, answers should be in all lower cased letters.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Category: CANADIAN BORN
Clue: At age 9, this Canadian ABC News anchor hosted a weekly CBC music & news show for children
Student: | peter jennings | 6 | NIv2 | task305_jeopardy_answer_generation_normal | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into English.
אז מהר מאד היעד שלי היה לגלות מקומות חדשים שאף אחד לא קפץ מהם קודם
| So my goal soon was to discover new places that nobody had jumped before. | 5 | NIv2 | task1234_ted_translation_he_en | zs_opt |
Q: Given a negotiation between two participants, answer 'Yes' if both participants agree to the deal, otherwise answer 'No'.
THEM: hat and two balls YOU: i will need at least one ball. THEM: hat, one book and one ball for me? YOU: i will need both books, in that case. THEM: ok.
A: | Yes | 7 | NIv2 | task1384_deal_or_no_dialog_classification | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Thai that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.
競馬は、ニューサウスウェールズ州とクィーンズランド州を除くオーストラリアの全州で週末に再開される予定だ。
| คาดว่าจะยังคงมีการแข่งม้าทั่วทุกรัฐของออสเตรเลีย ยกเว้นรัฐNSWและรัฐควีนส์แลนด์ในสุดสัปดาห์นี้ | 5 | NIv2 | task1127_alt_ja_th_translation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Translate the given Spanish text to English
Q: ; X represents NH, etc.
A: | ; X representa NH, etc. | 9 | NIv2 | task840_para_pdt_en_es_translation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Gujarati. Translate it from the Gujarati language to the Malayalam language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: સ્ટુડિયોમાંથી નિષ્ણાતો જે સમાચારો કહે છે, તે હવે સોશિયલ મીડિયા પર ચર્ચાતા અનુભવોનો પડઘો હોય છે.
A: | നരേന്ദ്ര മോദി മൊബൈല് ആപ്പിലൂടെ ഞാന് സ്വന്തമായി തന്നെ ചിലതൊക്കെ ചെയ്യാനും ശ്രമിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. | 9 | NIv2 | task1041_pib_translation_gujarati_malayalam | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Q: the compressor station would be about [$]100,-000? A. I think so. Q. And that’s due — and then because of the compressor station- being there with the noise and the odors, do you agree with the figures she gave of [$]25,000 being the best that y’all might could get? A. I imagine that would be close to it. This was the Mashburn’s only reference to market value. We conclude that none of this testim ut even his testimony was insufficient. Although he demonstrated his familiarity with area market values, he- failed to explain the factual basis behind his determination that his property suffered a $400,000 decrease in value. His statement that it was “based on property sales around in the area” provides little more detail than using the words “market value.” Cf. Arkoma, 249 S.W.3d at 389 (<HOLDING>). In both' cases, the owners stated a
Holding statements: (A) holding that a conclusory opinion may be rejected (B) holding that an experts opinion must be based on facts in evidence or within his or her knowledge and that the admission of an experts opinion is reviewed for an abuse of discretion (C) holding that evidence that the petitioner had a political opinion that he expressed it to his persecutors and that they threatened him only after he expressed his opinion compelled the conclusion that the threats were connected to his political opinion and not only to his failure to provide money in response to demands from the persecutors that predated his expression of his political opinion (D) holding that the affidavit of an expert proffered in opposition to summary judgment motion was assertedly in conflict with the experts prior deposition testimony but the court found that the affidavit could generate genuine issues of material fact because the expert explained the basis for his apparently changed opinion (E) holding that experts cursory testimony did not make his opinion conclusory because accompanying exhibit explained the basis for his conclusion
A: | (E) | 9 | NIv2 | task268_casehold_legal_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: Given a simple high-school level math question, you are required to solve it and provide the final answer. The final answer is always a single number. These questions can range from a variety of topics like simple arithmetic, solving equations, converting a quantity from one unit to another, finding remainders/GCD/LCM, finding probabilities etc. Each question has only one correct answer. This answer can be a positive or negative integer, a fraction or a decimal number. If the answer is a negative number use the hyphen (e.g. -42) symbol for the minus sign. For decimal numbers, do not add extra zeros after the decimal point. For fractional numbers, separate the numerator and denominator using a forward slash (e.g. 3/25).
Input: Solve -4*z + 4*f - 8 = f, 0 = z - 4*f + 2 for z.
Output: | -2 | 2 | NIv2 | task835_mathdataset_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Compose a new way to ask the same question. The new question must be asking the exact same thing as the original question does. Without any other information, you should be able to tell that the original question and the new question are the same. Preserve bracketed phrases in your new question. You can change the rest of the question provided the above requirements are satisfied. The new question must have a natural, fluent formulation, as if it were composed by a native English speaker. You will be given three pieces of information to help you create better questions. Those are: "Answer": the answer to the question, e.g., "Honolulu". "Answer Type": the type of the answer, e.g., "Location". "Auxiliary Information" is a detailed description of some concepts mentioned in the question, if any.
Q: original question: Which tennis tournament champion is the sibling of [Serena Williams]?
answer: venus williams
answer type: Tennis Tournament Champion.
auxiliary information: Serena Jameka Williams is an American professional tennis player who is ranked No. 1 in women's singles tennis. The Women's Tennis Association has ranked her world No. 1 in singles on six separate occasions. She became the world No. 1 for the first time on July 8, 2002, and achieved this ranking for the sixth time on February 18, 2013. Williams has spent 252 weeks overall as the WTA ranked #1 as of August 3, 2015, placing her 4th on the List of WTA number 1 ranked players. She is the reigning champion of the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon, U.S. Open, WTA Tour Championships and Olympic women's singles. Williams is regarded by some commentators, sports writers, and current and former players as the greatest female tennis player of all time. Williams holds the most major singles, doubles, and mixed doubles titles combined amongst active players, male or female. Her record of 36 major titles puts her fifth on the all-time list and first of the open era with: 21 in singles, 13 in women's doubles, and two in mixed doubles. She is the most recent player, male or female, to have held all four major singles titles simultaneously, and the fifth woman ever to do so.
A: | Which of [Serena Williams]' siblings is also a tennis tournament champion? | 9 | NIv2 | task402_grailqa_paraphrase_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: You are given a sentence in Spanish. Your job is to translate the Spanish sentence into Polish.
Input: Pude escanear la imagen, agrandándola exactamente a tamaño real.
Output: | Zeskanowałem ją, powiększyłem do naturalnej wielkości. | 2 | NIv2 | task1102_ted_translation_es_pl | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc.
To quickly clear out a room full of cigarette smoke,
Output: | spin a wet towel around in the air to clear it. | 1 | NIv2 | task080_piqa_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you will be shown a short story with a beginning, two potential middles, and an ending. Your job is to choose the middle statement that makes the story coherent / plausible by writing "1" or "2" in the output. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes most sense.
Input: Beginning: My friend, Richard, has an old Mercedes car with a diesel engine. Middle 1: After repairs,Richard got a new car. Middle 2: After repairs, Richard got into a car accident. Ending: He was okay, but the windshield was smashed to pieces.
Output: | 2 | 2 | NIv2 | task069_abductivenli_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a command in a limited form of natural language, provide the correct sequence of actions that executes the command to thus navigate an agent in its environment. A command can be broken down into many different actions. Actions are uppercase and are individual steps that serve as the building blocks for a command. For commands, 'left' and 'right' are used to denote the direction of an action. The word 'opposite' turns the agent backward in the specified direction. The word 'around' makes the agent execute an action while turning around in the specified direction. The word 'and' means to execute the next scope of the command following the previous scope of the command. The word 'after' signifies to execute the previous scope of the command following the next scope of the command. The words 'twice' and 'thrice' trigger repetition of a command that they scope over two times or three times, respectively. There are only six actions: 'I_LOOK', 'I_WALK', 'I_RUN', 'I_JUMP', 'I_TURN_LEFT', and 'I_TURN_RIGHT'. These actions respectively align with the commands 'look', 'walk', 'run', 'jump', 'turn left', and 'turn right'. Actions and commands do not have quotations in the input and output.
run left thrice and walk opposite left
Output: | I_TURN_LEFT I_RUN I_TURN_LEFT I_RUN I_TURN_LEFT I_RUN I_TURN_LEFT I_TURN_LEFT I_WALK | 1 | NIv2 | task126_scan_structured_text_generation_command_action_all | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to find all the elements of the list that are numbers and calculate their sum.
['4619', 'x', 'T', 'O', 'r', 'V', 'E', 'A', '1035', 'D', '8839', '2239', '7759', '363']
A: | 24854 | 7 | NIv2 | task499_extract_and_add_all_numbers_from_list | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given concept set (with 3 to 5 concepts) that contain mentions of names of people, places, activities, or things. These concept sets reflect reasonable concept co-occurrences in everyday situations. All concepts given as input are separated by "#". Your job is to generate a sentence describing a day-to-day scene using all concepts from a given concept set.
Problem:architecture#building#example
Solution: | buildings known as structure are an example of architecture in the city | 8 | NIv2 | task102_commongen_sentence_generation | zs_opt |
Given a sentence in the Japanese and Lao language. Your task is check if the Lao sentence is translation of Japanese. if the translation is correct than generate label "Yes", otherwise generate label "No".
Japanese: ：：サラ・ウォルシュ：いくつか寄与している要因があったかもしれません。
Lao: ::ຊາຣາ ເວວ: ມັນມີຫຼາຍປັດໃຈ. | Yes | 0 | NIv2 | task1126_alt_ja_lo_answer_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a pair of sentences in the Persian Language written in the Persian alphabet. Your job is to choose whether the two sentences agree (entailment), disagree (contradiction), or neither (neutral). Your answer must be in the form of the letters E, C, and N, respectively. The sentences have been separated by a newline character.
Q: خان احمدخان گیلانی در ۹۴۳ ه. ق/ ۱۵۳۸ م، در یک سالگی پس از مرگ ناگهانی پدرش کارکیا حسن دوم به حکومت رسید و تا ۹۷۵ ه.ق بر بیهپیش و سپس در دوره شاه عباس اول به عنوان آخرین کارکیای(حکمران) سلسله سادات آل کیا بر کل گیلان حکومت کرد.
پدر خان احمدخان، کارکیا حسن دوم، پس از چیرگی بر برادر خود سیدعلی کارکیا، حکومت بیَهپیش را به دست گرفت.
A: | N | 4 | NIv2 | task534_farstail_entailment | zs_opt |
Given an Amazon customer review, write a title for the review. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Q: Great Product. Shipped promptly...
A: | Five Stars | 4 | NIv2 | task1342_amazon_us_reviews_title | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head can be hindered by what is mentioned in the Tail or not. In this task, hindering introduces hindrances that obstruct the natural path to the achievement of a goal. For example, the event PersonX adopts a cat can be obstructed if PersonX is allergic to cats. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Problem:Head: PersonX affects PersonY's interests<sep>Tail: lose respect
Solution: | No | 8 | NIv2 | task1204_atomic_classification_hinderedby | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given inputs i and A, where i is an integer and A is a list. You need to output the first i elements of A, starting with the 1st element in A. i will always have a value less than the length of A
6, ['j', 'm', 'E', '3333', '2861', '795', 'e', 'p', 'i', 't', '4733', '3243', '4379', '4265', '945', '8871', '3643', 'K']
Output: | j, m, E, 3333, 2861, 795 | 1 | NIv2 | task063_first_i_elements | zs_opt |
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