Task: songer_applfrom

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals. Your task is to identify the type of district court decision or judgment appealed from (i.e., the nature of the decision below in the district court).

PER CURIAM:
We have concluded on the merits that oral argument is unnecessary in this case. Accordingly, we have directed the Clerk to place the case on the Summary Calendar and to notify the parties of this fact in writing. See Huth v. Southern Pacific Co., 5 Cir., 1969, 417 F.2d 526; Murphy v. Houma Well Service, 5 Cir. 1969, 409 F.2d 804; 5 Cir. R. 18.
Clyde John Brooks pleaded guilty in 1965 to the possession of a sawed-off 12-gauge shotgun which he had not registered. 26 U.S.C. §§ 5851, 5861. He was sentenced to three years imprisonment to commence at the end of a state sentence. But in Haynes v. United States, 1968, 390 U.S. 85, 88 S.Ct. 722, 19 L.Ed.2d 923, the Supreme Court has held that a claim of self-incrimination provides a full defense to such a prosecution. Brooks now seeks relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. The district court denied relief, holding that Haynes was not to be applied retroactively.
This Court has recently decided that two companion cases to Haynes, Marchetti v. United States, 1968, 390 U.S. 39; 88 S.Ct. 697, 19 L.Ed.2d 889, and Grosso v. United States, 1968, 390 U.S. 62, 88 S.Ct. 709, 19 L.Ed.2d 906, require retroactive application. United States v. Lucia, 5 Cir. 1969, 416 F.2d 920, aff’d en banc, 5 Cir. 1970, 423 F.2d 697. At the time of its order, the district court did not have the benefit of this decision. For the reasons enunciated in Lucia, we conclude that Brooks did not waive his right to raise the defense of self-incrimination and that Haynes like Marchetti and Grosso must be applied retroactively. In this conclusion, we follow the Fourth and Ninth Circuits, United States v. Miller, 4 Cir. 1969, 406 F.2d 1100; Meadows v. United States, 9 Cir. 1969, 420 F.2d 795, and differ with the Sixth Circuit. Graham v. United States, 6 Cir. 1969, 407 F.2d 1313.
We reverse and remand for disposition consistent with this opinion.

Question: What is the type of district court decision or judgment appealed from (i.e., the nature of the decision below in the district court)?
A. Trial (either jury or bench trial)
B. Injunction or denial of injunction or stay of injunction
C. Summary judgment or denial of summary judgment
D. Guilty plea or denial of motion to withdraw plea
E. Dismissal (include dismissal of petition for habeas corpus)
F. Appeals of post judgment orders (e.g., attorneys' fees, costs, damages, JNOV - judgment nothwithstanding the verdict)
G. Appeal of post settlement orders
H. Not a final judgment: interlocutory appeal
I. Not a final judgment: mandamus
J. Other (e.g., pre-trial orders, rulings on motions, directed verdicts) or could not determine nature of final judgment
K. Does not fit any of the above categories, but opinion mentions a "trial judge"
L. Not applicable (e.g., decision below was by a federal administrative agency, tax court)
Answer:

Answer: J