Task: songer_r_fed

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the respondent is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

PER CURIAM.
Petitioner seeks review in this court of an order of the Interstate Commerce Commission, Docket No. MC-112304 (Sub-No. 65), which granted in part and denied in part petitioner’s application for a certificate of public convenience and necessity under Section 207(a) of the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C. § 307(a). Jurisdiction lies in this court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2342.
Petitioner is a common carrier which possesses a “heavy hauler’s” certificate. The authority granted by that certificate is restricted to the transportation of commodities in interstate commerce, the size and weight of which requires the use of special equipment for loading and unloading. Petitioner’s difficulties with the ICC originated on April 22,1969 with the ICC’s issuance of an order in Ace Doran Hauling & Rigging Co., Investigation of Operations, 108 M.C.C. 717, interpreting the “heavy hauler” certificate as permitting the transportation of only such “bundled” or “aggregated” iron and steel commodities which required heavy equipment by virtue of the commodities’ inherent nature. The Commission’s order was affirmed in Pittsburgh & New England Trucking Co. v. United States, 345 F.Supp. 743 (W.D.Penn.1972), aff’d, 409 U.S. 904, 93 S.Ct. 235, 34 L.Ed.2d 169. The district court held that the interpretation of the heavy hauler certificate was within the expertise and discretion of the Commission and constituted a rational attempt to draw a line between the heavy haulers and the general commodities haulers. The question was not one of technological progress but simply “an economic conflict between two groups of carriers competing for certain available traffic.” Pittsburgh & New England Trucking Co., supra, at 751.
Petitioner contends that the Commission’s order and its affirmance by the district court created some confusion in the carrier industry in the implementation of the heavy hauler certificate. To “clarify” its existing size and weight authority, petitioner submitted an application for a certificate of public convenience and necessity for the right to transport within the same geographical boundaries “all iron and steel articles”. Petitioner contends, however, that notwithstanding the evidentiary support of shippers which detailed the numerous items of iron and steel transported by petitioner, the Administrative Law Judge arbitrarily limited the certificate to
“structural steel, iron and steel angles, bars, channels, conduits lath, piling, pipe, posts, rails, rods, roofing, tubing and wire in coils.”
Petitioner basically argues that it is unnecessary to submit proof of shipper support for every conceivable iron and steel product to warrant the grant of a generic “steel and iron” certificate and the 70 items so submitted are sufficiently representative to warrant the generic description. Petitioner thus requests this court to set aside the Commission’s order as arbitrary and capricious and unsupported by substantial evidence. 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A).
The gist of petitioner’s argument is that the instant proceeding before the Commission was necessary to clarify its authority to transport various iron and steel items and that the proper clarification to cure the confusion wrought by the Commission’s interpretation of the heavy hauler certificate would be the recognition that petitioner had indeed transported all types of iron and steel commodities and that the Commission should therefore ratify petitioner’s past practices by the formalization of petitioner’s authority in a certificate of public convenience and necessity.
We believe petitioner’s position obfuscates the issue by attempting to shift the burden of proof upon the Commission to explain why it had restricted some alleged prior right of petitioner’s. What prior right petitioner did possess under the heavy hauler certificate was interpreted by the Commission in an order affirmed by a district court and the Supreme Court. The scope of petitioner’s operating rights have thus been conclusively determined. What petitioner presently seeks is a new grant of authority under Section 207 of the Act. Accordingly, it is the petitioner which must sustain the burden of proof of establishing the requisite public convenience and necessity. Ross Express, Inc. v. United States, 529 F.2d 679 (1st Cir. 1976); Tri-State Motor Transit Co. v. United States, 369 F.Supp. 1242, 1244 (W.D.Mo.1973).
Petitioner introduced into evidence the testimony of supporting shippers and certain exhibits which summarized the articles of iron and steel transported by petitioner. Our review of the evidence indicates that petitioner had in the past transported in sufficient quantity a number of iron and steel articles which were subject to question under the order of the Commission interpreting the heavy hauler certificate. The testimony of the supporting shippers discloses their reliance upon petitioner for the continued shipment of these various articles. It is these questionable articles which the Commission granted petitioner in its application for public convenience and necessity. We do not find, however, that the Commission erred in limiting the grant of authority to the above named items. Petitioner has not cited any specific evidence in the record nor do we find support for the contention that petitioner had regularly transported iron and steel articles the size and weight of which did not require the use of special equipment. Nor did the supporting shipper testimony indicate a need that the petitioner should transport such items. We, therefore, conclude that substantial evidence supports the Commission’s decision denying a certificate which would authorize the carrier to transport all iron and steel articles. Nor do we find the order of the Commission in any way arbitrary or capricious.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officialss"? Answer with a number.
Answer:

Answer: 1