Task: songer_casetyp1_7-3-3

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Your task is to identify the issue in the case, that is, the social and/or political context of the litigation in which more purely legal issues are argued. Put somewhat differently, this field identifies the nature of the conflict between the litigants. The focus here is on the subject matter of the controversy rather than its legal basis.
Your task is to determine the specific issue in the case within the broad category of "economic activity and regulation - commercial disputes". 

PER CURIAM.
Appellants Norman Dodd and Aaron M. Sargent, two of three trustees named in a joint venture agreement with Ap-pellee Pioche Mines Consolidated, Inc., have appealed to this Court from an Order of the trial court denying their motion to be substituted as counter-claimants in this litigation.
In reaching our decision here we are assuming, without deciding, that the order denying the motion for substitution is appealable.
The substitution or joinder of Appellants as counterclaimants rested in the discretion of the district court and was not mandatory. Rule 25(c), Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, 28 U.S.C.A.; Virginia Land Co. v. Miami Shipbuilding Corp., 201 F.2d 506 (5th Cir.1953); Sun-Maid Raisin Growers of California v. California Packing Corporation, 273 F.2d 282 (9th Cir.1959).
On an examination of the record we are satisfied that the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying the motion of Appellants.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the specific issue in the case within the general category of "economic activity and regulation - commercial disputes"?
A. contract disputes-general (private parties) (includes breach of contract, disputes over meaning of contracts, suits for specific performance, disputes over whether contract fulfilled, claims that money owed on contract) (Note: this category is not used when the dispute fits one of the more specific categories below)
B. disputes over government contracts
C. insurance disputes
D. debt collection, disputes over loans
E. consumer disputes with retail business or providers of services
F. breach of fiduciary duty; disputes over franchise agreements
G. contract disputes - was there a contract, was it a valid contract ?
H. commerce clause challenges to state or local government action
I. other contract disputes- (includes misrepresentation or deception in contract, disputes among contractors or contractors and subcontractors, indemnification claims)
J. private economic disputes (other than contract disputes)
Answer:

Answer: F