Task: songer_majvotes

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Your task is to determine the number of judges who voted in favor of the disposition favored by the majority. Judges who concurred in the outcome but wrote a separate concurring opinion are counted as part of the majority. For most cases this variable takes the value "2" or "3." However, for cases decided en banc the value may be as high as 15. Note: in the typical case, a list of the judges who heard the case is printed immediately before the opinion. If there is no indication that any of the judges dissented and no indication that one or more of the judges did not participate in the final decision, then all of the judges listed as participating in the decision are assumed to have cast votes with the majority. The number of majority votes recorded includes district judges or other judges sitting by designation who participated on the appeals court panel. If there is an indication that a judge heard argument in the case but did not participate in the final opinion (e.g., the judge died before the decision was reached), that judge is not counted in the number of majority votes.

BREITENSTEIN, Circuit Judge.
The complaint of plaintiff-appellant Chandler has four counts based on alleged violations of the Securities Act of 1933, 15 U.S.C. § 77a et seq., and of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. § 78a et seq. and four pendent claims charging violation of Colorado law. The trial court sustained the defendants’ motions to dismiss. We affirm.
The federal claims assert fraud in the sale of stock. The record shows that plaintiff made a contract with the defendants for the purchase by him of “described business and personal property * * * called K.E.W. Inc. dba Chambers Liquors * * The contract says: “PRICE TO INCLUDE: 100% of the outstanding issued stock of K. E.W., * * Plaintiff sued to recover his down payment of $2,500.
Plaintiff contends that the contract included 100% of the stock and “stock” is a security within the pertinent statutory definitions. See 15 U.S.C. §§ 77b(1) and 78c(a)(10). In United Housing Foundation, Inc. v. Forman, 421 U.S. 837, 848, 95 S.Ct. 2051, 2058, 44 L.Ed.2d 621, the Court rejected any suggestion that a transaction evidenced by the sale of shares called stock “must be considered a security transaction simply because the statutory definition of a security includes the words ‘any ... stock.’ ” After citing Tcherepnin v. Knight, 389 U.S. 332, 336, 88 S.Ct. 548, 553, 19 L.Ed.2d 564, and S.E.C. v. W. J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298, 66 S.Ct. 1100, 1102, 90 L.Ed. 1244, the Court said, 421 U.S. at 849, 95 S.Ct. at 2059:
“Because securities transactions are economic in character Congress intended the application of these statutes to turn on the economic realities underlying a transaction, and not on the name appended thereto.”
The economic realities of the case at bar show that the plaintiff was buying a liquor store and, incidently as an indicia of ownership, was receiving 100% of the stock of the company which owned the store. There was no security transaction within the purview of the federal statutes. Because federal jurisdiction did not lie under the pertinent statutes and because there was no diversity, the court properly dismissed the pendent claims based on state law.
AFFIRMED.

Question: What is the number of judges who voted in favor of the disposition favored by the majority?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
F. 5
G. 6
H. 7
I. 8
J. 9
K. 10
L. 11
M. 12
N. 13
O. 14
P. 15
Q. Not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: D