Task: songer_typeiss

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Your task is to determine the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court. Choose among the following categories. Criminal and prisioner petitions- includes appeals of conviction, petitions for post conviction relief, habeas corpus petitions, and other prisoner petitions which challenge the validity of the conviction or the sentence or the validity of continued confinement. Civil - Government - these will include appeals from administrative agencies (e.g., OSHA,FDA), the decisions of administrative law judges, or the decisions of independent regulatory agencies (e.g., NLRB, FCC,SEC). The focus in administrative law is usually on procedural principles that apply to administrative agencies as they affect private interests, primarily through rulemaking and adjudication. Tort actions against the government, including petitions by prisoners which challenge the conditions of their confinement or which seek damages for torts committed by prion officials or by police fit in this category. In addition, this category will include suits over taxes and claims for benefits from government. Diversity of Citizenship - civil cases involving disputes between citizens of different states (remember that businesses have state citizenship). These cases will always involve the application of state or local law. If the case is centrally concerned with the application or interpretation of federal law then it is not a diversity case. Civil Disputes - Private - includes all civil cases that do not fit in any of the above categories. The opposing litigants will be individuals, businesses or groups.

GILBERT, Circuit Judge.
The appeal in the present case is devoid of merit. The appellant was denied his application for admission to the United States as the foreignbom son of Jew Doo Ngow, who had been admitted on May 21,1909, as the son of Jew Sew, an American-bom Chinese. Permission to land was denied on two grounds: First, that his father had- never resided in the United States-prior to the applicant’s birth; and, second, that the evidence failed to show'that the applicant was the son of his alleged father. Jew Doo Ngow, on his admission in 1909, testified that he was not married, had never been married, and had no children. His alleged father testified to the same effect. Three of bis alleged brothers, who had been admitted, also testified that Jew Doo Ngow was never married.
In view of those statements so made under oath, it is not surprising that the board of special inquiry were unable to believe that on December 21, 1904, Jew Doo Ngow was married in China at a time when he was less than 17 years of age, and that three sons were bom to him there before he came to this country in 1909. His diverse explanations of his pri- or testimony given under oath in 1909 were found by the special board of inquiry fanciful and unconvincing, and the evidence of Jew Quan who testified that he was present at the marriage of Jew Doo Ngow in China was found by the board an absurd fabrication. Clearly the alleged father of the appellant committed perjury, either at the time of his admission into the United States or at the time of the hearing here in question, and we are not convinced that the board were wrong in reaching the conclusion that the f ormer testimony was true and that the latter was perjured.
The judgment denying the writ of habeas corpus is affirmed.

Question: What is the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court?
A. criminal and prisoner petitions
B. civil - government
C. diversity of citizenship
D. civil - private
E. other, not applicable
F. not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: B