Task: songer_typeiss

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Your task is to determine the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court. Choose among the following categories. Criminal and prisioner petitions- includes appeals of conviction, petitions for post conviction relief, habeas corpus petitions, and other prisoner petitions which challenge the validity of the conviction or the sentence or the validity of continued confinement. Civil - Government - these will include appeals from administrative agencies (e.g., OSHA,FDA), the decisions of administrative law judges, or the decisions of independent regulatory agencies (e.g., NLRB, FCC,SEC). The focus in administrative law is usually on procedural principles that apply to administrative agencies as they affect private interests, primarily through rulemaking and adjudication. Tort actions against the government, including petitions by prisoners which challenge the conditions of their confinement or which seek damages for torts committed by prion officials or by police fit in this category. In addition, this category will include suits over taxes and claims for benefits from government. Diversity of Citizenship - civil cases involving disputes between citizens of different states (remember that businesses have state citizenship). These cases will always involve the application of state or local law. If the case is centrally concerned with the application or interpretation of federal law then it is not a diversity case. Civil Disputes - Private - includes all civil cases that do not fit in any of the above categories. The opposing litigants will be individuals, businesses or groups.

PER CURIAM.
On this appeal from an order of the district court denying appellant’s motion to vacate sentence, his court-appointed attorney, both in oral argument and in brief, has ably presented the contention that appellant was erroneously deprived of his rights in being permitted to defend himself without the assistance of counsel, even though he himself had requested such privilege; that defendant was erroneously convicted of violation of the Dyer Act, 18 U.S.C.A. §§ 10-2311-2313, where the only evidence of transportation consisted of proof of the sale of the stolen vehicle; that defendant should have been permitted to be present in person when his motion to set aside the judgment of conviction and sentence as to him was heard by the district court; and that conviction for the transporting in interstate commerce of a stolen automobile and the sale of the automobile knowing it to have been stolen do not permit the imposition of consecutive sentences of five years each.
None of these propositions, though well argued, is in our opinion sound. See York v. United States, 6 Cir., 299 F. 778; United States v. Spradley, D.C., 65 F. Supp. 136, opinion by District Judge Swinford, affirmed 6 Cir., 162 F.2d 203; Crawford v. United States, 6 Cir., 214 F.2d 313; to the effect that the fact that both charges relate to and grow out of one. transaction does not make a single offense where two are defined by statute.
It is well established that it is unnecessary that a defendant be present at the hearing of his motion to set aside a judgment of conviction and sentence, where no issue of fact is presented for consideration. United States v. Hayman, 342 U.S. 205, 72 S.Ct. 263, 96 L.Ed. 232. Here, we are confronted with the issue of our right to review a jury verdict determining a fact issue; and it is thoroughly established that a motion to vacate sentence is not to be employed as a substitute for appeal. Goss v. United States, 6 Cir., 179 F.2d 706.
The judgment of the district court is affirmed;- and it is so ordered.

Question: What is the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court?
A. criminal and prisoner petitions
B. civil - government
C. diversity of citizenship
D. civil - private
E. other, not applicable
F. not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: A