Task: sc_issue_11

What follows is an opinion from the Supreme Court of the United States. Your task is to determine the issue of the Court's decision. Determine the issue of the case on the basis of the Court's own statements as to what the case is about. Focus on the subject matter of the controversy rather than its legal basis.

DECREE
The Court having exercised original jurisdiction over this controversy between two sovereign States; the issues raised having been heard in an evidentiary proceeding before the Special Master appointed by the Court; the Court having heard argument on the Final Report of the Special Master and the exceptions filed by the state parties; the Court having issued its opinion on the issues raised in the exceptions, which is reported at 523 U. S. 767 (1998); and the Special Master having submitted his Report Upon Recommittal;
It Is Hereby Ordered, Adjudged, and Decreed as Follows:
I
The State of New Jersey’s prayer that she be declared to be sovereign over the landfilled portions of Ellis Island added by the Federal Government after 1834 is granted and the State of New York is enjoined from enforcing her laws or asserting sovereignty over the portions of Ellis Island that lie within the State of New Jersey’s sovereign boundary as set forth in paragraph 4 of this decree.
HH HH
The sovereign boundary between the State of New Jersey and the State of New York is as set forth in Article First of the Compact of 1834, enacted into law in both States and approved by Congress.
1 — 1 HH 1 — 1
The State of New York remains sovereign under Article Second of the Compact of 1834 of and over the original Ellis Island, to the low-water mark, and the pier area built on landfill, as the Island and pier were structured in 1834, as more particularly depicted on the 1857 United States Coast Survey of New York Harbor.
IV
The boundary between the two States on Ellis Island is as depicted on the map of Ellis Island, Showing Boundary Between States of New Jersey and New York, dated December 1,1998, which is appended hereto, infra. The boundary between the two States, as depicted on the appended map, lies along the line described as follows:
Beginning at a point with North (NAD83) metric coordinates of North 207 180.7849 (latitude North 40 degrees 41 minutes 54.92285 seconds) and East 188 879.9657 (longitude West 74 degrees 02 minutes 23.75137 seconds), said point being (a) South 45 degrees 42 minutes 50 seconds East along the northeasterly granite block wall of the Ferry Slip about 502 feet from the northwesterly terminus of said wall and thence being (b) North 46 degrees 39 minutes 35.7 seconds East about 10 feet to said point of beginning; thence the following courses and distances:
(1) N 42 degrees 10 minutes 59.1 a 61.150 feet to a point; thence
(2) N 45 degrees 24 minutes 60.990 feet to a point; thence
(3) N 46 degrees 1.813 feet to a point; thence
(4) N 45 degrees 33 minutes 03.3 seconds a 9.193 feet to a point; thence
(5) N 45 degrees 42 minutes 35.4 seconds a 24.972 feet to a point; thence
(6) S 42 degrees 23 minutes 50.8 seconds E, a distance of
I.947 feet to a point; thence
(7) N 45 degrees 15 minutes 54.9 seconds E, a distance of 19.092 feet to a point; thence
(8) S 46 degrees 25 minutes 55.5 seconds E, a distance of 14.147 feet to a point; thence
(9) S 69 degrees 37 minutes 24.8 seconds E, a distance of 4.667 feet to a point; thence
(10) S 67 degrees 54 minutes 46.2 seconds E, a distance of 4.654 feet to a point; thence
(11) S 70 degrees 49 minutes 58.4 seconds E, a distance of 12.373 feet to a point; thence
(12) S 79 degrees 45 minutes 36.8 seconds E, a distance of 9.844 feet to a point; thence
(13) N 86 degrees 16 minutes 07.0 seconds E, a distance of
II.526 feet to a point; thence
(14) N 72 degrees 30 minutes 15.3 seconds E, a distance of 12.058 feet to a point; thence
(15) N 61 degrees 34 minutes 34.0 seconds E, a distance of 13.787 feet to a point; thence
(16) N 37 degrees 42 minutes 57.5 seconds E, a distance of 11.851 feet to a point; thence
(17) N 01 degrees 43 minutes 14.9 seconds E, a distance of 14.569 feet to a point; thence
(18) N 22 degrees 53 minutes 06.4 seconds W, a distance of 13.500 feet to a point; thence
(19) N 48 degrees 57 minutes 00.8 seconds W, a distance of 17.321 feet to a point; thence
(20) N 48 degrees 15 minutes 36.6 seconds W, a distance of 13.988 feet to a point; thence
(21) N 51 degrees 26 minutes 12.9 seconds W, a distance of 17.345 feet to a point; thence
(22) N 43 degrees 49 minutes 22.3 seconds W, a distance of 12.907 feet to a point; thence
(23) N 54 degrees 54 minutes 43.1 seconds W, a distance of 30.552 feet to a point; thence
(24) N 70 degrees 20 minutes 46.2 seconds W, a distance of 26.016 feet to a point; thence
(25) N 49 degrees 2B minutes 55.3 seconds W, a distance of 10.372 feet to a point; thence
(26) N 05 degrees 34 minutes 48.6 seconds W, a distance of 10.927 feet to a point; thence
(27) N 00 degrees 17 minutes 59.9 seconds W, a distance of 11.938 feet to a point; thence
(28) N 23 degrees 17 minutes 40.4 seconds W, a distance of 14.698 feet to a point; thence
(29) N 53 degrees 00 minutes 04.3 seconds W, a distance of 11.113 feet to a point; thence
(30) N 57 degrees 55 minutes 46.1 seconds W, a distance of 11.654 feet to a point; thence
(31) N 63 degrees 34 minutes 20.5 seconds W, a distance of 11.655 feet to a point; thence
(32) N 70 degrees 09 minutes 45.4 seconds W, a distance of 10.498 feet to a point; thence
(33) N 64 degrees 39 minutes 53.0 seconds W, a distance of 15.628 feet to a point; thence
(34) N 42 degrees 57 minutes 16.5 seconds W, a distance of 9.906 feet to a point; thence
(35) N 20 degrees 46 minutes 20.1 seconds W, a distance of 9.693 feet to a point; thence
(36) N 24 degrees 35 minutes 59.2 seconds W, a distance of 11.411 feet to a point; thence
(37) N 18 degrees 46 minutes 40.9 seconds W, a distance of 9.902 feet to a point; thence
(38) N 00 degrees 00 minutes 00.0 seconds E, a distance of 12.938 feet to a point; thence
(39) N 05 degrees 54 minutes 22.1 seconds W, a distance of 10.933 feet to a point; thence
(40) N 16 degrees 33 minutes 01.3 seconds W, a distance of 13.823 feet to a point; thence
(41) N 33 degrees 24 minutes 44.2 seconds W, a distance of 14.301 feet to a point; thence
(42) N 25 degrees 46 minutes 09.6 seconds W, a distance of 12.076 feet to a point; thence
(43) N 37 degrees 08 minutes 48.1 seconds W, a distance of 10.350 feet to a point; thence
• (44) N 32 degrees 03 minutes 52.4 seconds W, a distance of 12.833 feet to a point; thence
(45) N 31 degrees 19 minutes 03.9 seconds W, a distance of 12.144 feet to a point; thence
(46) N 17 degrees 53 minutes 21.4 seconds W, a distance of 10.377 feet to a point; thence
(47) N 06 degrees 53 minutes 43.1 seconds W, a distance of 13.535 feet to a point; thence
(48) N 03 degrees 03 minutes 10.4 seconds E, a distance of 9.388 feet to a point; thence
(49) N 11 degrees 29 minutes 11.7 seconds W, a distance of 11.926 feet to a point; thence
(50) N 34 degrees 52 minutes 31.2 seconds W, a distance of 10.056 feet to a point; thence
(51) N 30 degrees 47 minutes 02.9 seconds W, a distance of 10.258 feet to a point; thence
(52) N 17 degrees 53 minutes 21.4 seconds W, a distance of 10.377 feet to a point; thence
(53) N 00 degrees 21 minutes 53.8 seconds W, a distance of 9.813 feet to a point; thence
(54) N 18 degrees 34 minutes 20.5 seconds W, a distance of 8.242 feet to a point; thence
(55) N 06 degrees 10 minutes 47.7 seconds W, a distance of 9.870 feet to a point; thence
(56) N 04 degrees 25 minutes 03.0 seconds W, a distance of 14.606 feet to a point; thence
(57) N 21 degrees 57 minutes 38.0 seconds W, a distance of 8.356 feet to a point; thence
(58) N 28 degrees 19 minutes 29.9 seconds W, a distance of 10.011 feet to a point; thence
(59) N 23 degrees 19 minutes 03.8 seconds W, a distance of 3.947 feet to a point; thence
(60) N 24 degrees 12 minutes 42.3 seconds W, a distance of 10.211 feet to a point; thence
(61) N 09 degrees 17 minutes 00.8 seconds W, a distance of 13.173 feet to a point; thence
(62) N 26 degrees 15 minutes 31.2 seconds E, a distance of 10.454 feet to a point; thence
(63) N 48 degrees 14 minutes 50.4 seconds E, a distance of 12.483 feet to a point; thence
(64) S 87 degrees 53 minutes 19.2 seconds E, a distance of 13.572 feet to a point; thence
(65) S 64 degrees 54 minutes 13.5 seconds E, a distance of 10.905 feet to a point; thence
(66) S 68 degrees 55 minutes 21.0 seconds E, a distance of 12.861 feet to a point; thence
(67) S 70 degrees 10 minutes 04.3 seconds E, a distance of 12.159 feet to a point; thence
(68) S 59 degrees 59 minutes 42.3 seconds E, a distance of 10.248 feet to a point; thence
(69) S 65 degrees 02 minutes 32.3 seconds E, a distance of 10.961 feet to a point; thence
(70) S 56 degrees 22 minutes 33.9 seconds E, a distance of 15.011 feet to a point; thence
(71) S 65 degrees 01 minutes 07.5 seconds E, a distance of 12.135 feet to a point; thence
(72) S 72 degrees 23 minutes 43.3 seconds E, a distance of 13.639 feet to a point; thence
(73) N 72 degrees 50 minutes 17.1 seconds E, a distance of 13.344 feet to a point; thence
(74) N 77 degrees 08 minutes 45.2 seconds E, a distance of 9.552 feet to a point; thence
(75) S 86 degrees 40 minutes 12.7 seconds E, a distance of 17.217 feet to a point; thence
(76) S 66 degrees 15 minutes 01.8 seconds E, a distance of 10.242 feet to a point; thence
(77) S 71 degrees 54 minutes 34.2 seconds E, a distance of 9.863 feet to a point; thence
(78) S 87 degrees 15 minutes 10.449 feet to a point; thence 26.6 seconds E, a distance of
(79) S 54 degrees 29 minutes 11.516 feet to a point; thence 54.5 seconds E, a distance of
(80) S 57 degrees 20 minutes 8.686 feet to a point; thence 20.7 seconds E, a distance of
(81) S 47 degrees 36 minutes 48.0 seconds E, a distance of 10.662 feet to a point; thence
(82) S 43 degrees 13 minutes 26.2 seconds E, a distance of 11.407 feet to a point; thence
(83) S 45 degrees 24 minutes 22.8 seconds E, a distance of 12.463 feet to a point; thence
(84) S 63 degrees 26 minutes 05.8 seconds E, a distance of 10.482 feet to a point; thence
(85) S 63 degrees 56 minutes 07.2 seconds E, a distance of 12.802 feet to a point; thence
(86) S 68 degrees 51 minutes 36.6 seconds E, a distance of 10.051 feet to a point; thence
(87) S 83 degrees 55 minutes 39.2 seconds E, a distance of 11.816 feet to a point; thence
(88) S 87 degrees 14 minutes 27.2 seconds E, a distance of 10.387 feet to a point; thence
(89) S 47 degrees 05 minutes 24.6 seconds E, a distance of 12.117 feet to a point; thence
(90) S 33 degrees 17 minutes 23.9 seconds E, a distance of 12.412 feet to a point; thence
(91) S 36 degrees 11 minutes 13.6 seconds E, a distance of 11.538 feet to a point; thence
(92) S 62 degrees 43 minutes 23.7 seconds E, a distance of 13.501 feet to a point; thence
(93) S 84 degrees 13 minutes 03.4 seconds E,ta distance of 9.926 feet to a point; thence
(94) S 71 degrees 39 minutes 48.0 seconds E, a distance of 11.523 feet to a point; thence
(95) S 45 degrees 21 minutes 45.5 seconds E, a distance of 13.966 feet to a point; thence
(96) S 37 degrees 11 minutes 27.6 seconds E, a distance of 15.613 feet to a point; thence
(97) S 63 degrees 45 minutes 09.6 seconds E, a distance of 15.122 feet to a point; thence
(98) S 70 degrees 24 minutes 57.6 seconds E, a distance of 13.798 feet to a point; thence
(99) S 59 degrees 24 minutes 14.4 seconds E, a distance of 16.700 feet to a point; thence
(100) S 60 degrees 38 minutes 32.1 seconds E, a distance of 13.768 feet to a point; thence
(101) S 48 degrees 52 minutes 16.5 seconds E, a distance of 11.782 feet to a point; thence
(102) S 80 degrees 54 minutes 35.0 seconds E, a distance of 12.659 feet to a point; thence
(103) S 83 degrees 25 minutes 05.0 seconds E, a distance of 13.086 feet to a point; thence
(104) S 79 degrees 49 minutes 56.0 seconds E, a distance of 11.683 feet to a point; thence
(105) S 85 degrees 36 minutes 04.7 seconds E, a distance of 13.038 feet to a point; thence
(106) S 81 degrees 54 minutes 20.0 seconds E, a distance of 14.204 feet to a point; thence
(107) N 90 degrees 00 minutes 00.0 seconds E, a distance of 9.375 feet to a point; thence
(108) S 80 degrees 20 minutes 42.1 seconds E, a distance of 15.279 feet to a point; thence
(109) S 47 degrees 58 minutes 47.4 seconds E, a distance of 16.153 feet to a point; thence
(110) S 23 degrees 55 minutes 21.0 seconds E, a distance of 9.094 feet to a point; thence
(111) S 38 degrees 34 minutes 09.6 seconds E, a distance of 18.546 feet to a point; thence
(112) S 30 degrees 17 minutes 47.2 seconds E, a distance of 12.885 feet to a point; thence
(113) S 13 degrees 08 minutes 27.9 seconds E, a distance of 16.494 feet to a point; thence
(114) S 05 degrees 16 minutes 03.7 seconds E, a distance of 17.700 feet to a point; thence
(115) S 17 degrees 09 minutes 57.4 seconds E, a distance of 12.494 feet to a point; thence
(116) S 45 degrees 00 minutes 00.0 seconds E, a distance of 4.419 feet to a point; thence
(117) S 18 degrees 43 minutes 50.9 seconds E, a distance of 11.483 feet to a point; thence
(118) S 15 degrees 34 minutes 21.2 seconds E, a distance of 11.873 feet to a point; thence
(119) S 28 degrees 42 minutes 40.4 seconds E, a distance of 14.181 feet to a

Question: What is the issue of the decision?
年. involuntary confession
数. habeas corpus
日. plea bargaining: the constitutionality of and/or the circumstances of its exercise
的. retroactivity (of newly announced or newly enacted constitutional or statutory rights)
月. search and seizure (other than as pertains to vehicles or Crime Control Act)
用. search and seizure, vehicles
成. search and seizure, Crime Control Act
名. contempt of court or congress
时. self-incrimination (other than as pertains to Miranda or immunity from prosecution)
件. Miranda warnings
一. self-incrimination, immunity from prosecution
请. right to counsel (cf. indigents appointment of counsel or inadequate representation)
中. cruel and unusual punishment, death penalty (cf. extra legal jury influence, death penalty)
据. cruel and unusual punishment, non-death penalty (cf. liability, civil rights acts)
码. line-up
不. discovery and inspection (in the context of criminal litigation only, otherwise Freedom of Information Act and related federal or state statutes or regulations)
新. double jeopardy
文. ex post facto (state)
下. extra-legal jury influences: miscellaneous
分. extra-legal jury influences: prejudicial statements or evidence
入. extra-legal jury influences: contact with jurors outside courtroom
人. extra-legal jury influences: jury instructions (not necessarily in criminal cases)
功. extra-legal jury influences: voir dire (not necessarily a criminal case)
上. extra-legal jury influences: prison garb or appearance
户. extra-legal jury influences: jurors and death penalty (cf. cruel and unusual punishment)
为. extra-legal jury influences: pretrial publicity
间. confrontation (right to confront accuser, call and cross-examine witnesses)
号. subconstitutional fair procedure: confession of error
取. subconstitutional fair procedure: conspiracy (cf. Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure: conspiracy)
回. subconstitutional fair procedure: entrapment
在. subconstitutional fair procedure: exhaustion of remedies
页. subconstitutional fair procedure: fugitive from justice
字. subconstitutional fair procedure: presentation, admissibility, or sufficiency of evidence (not necessarily a criminal case)
有. subconstitutional fair procedure: stay of execution
个. subconstitutional fair procedure: timeliness
作. subconstitutional fair procedure: miscellaneous
示. Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
出. statutory construction of criminal laws: assault
是. statutory construction of criminal laws: bank robbery
失. statutory construction of criminal laws: conspiracy (cf. subconstitutional fair procedure: conspiracy)
表. statutory construction of criminal laws: escape from custody
除. statutory construction of criminal laws: false statements (cf. statutory construction of criminal laws: perjury)
加. statutory construction of criminal laws: financial (other than in fraud or internal revenue)
败. statutory construction of criminal laws: firearms
生. statutory construction of criminal laws: fraud
信. statutory construction of criminal laws: gambling
类. statutory construction of criminal laws: Hobbs Act; i.e., 18 USC 1951
置. statutory construction of criminal laws: immigration (cf. immigration and naturalization)
理. statutory construction of criminal laws: internal revenue (cf. Federal Taxation)
本. statutory construction of criminal laws: Mann Act and related statutes
息. statutory construction of criminal laws: narcotics includes regulation and prohibition of alcohol
行. statutory construction of criminal laws: obstruction of justice
定. statutory construction of criminal laws: perjury (other than as pertains to statutory construction of criminal laws: false statements)
改. statutory construction of criminal laws: Travel Act, 18 USC 1952
市. statutory construction of criminal laws: war crimes
期. statutory construction of criminal laws: sentencing guidelines
以. statutory construction of criminal laws: miscellaneous
修. jury trial (right to, as distinct from extra-legal jury influences)
元. speedy trial
方. miscellaneous criminal procedure (cf. due process, prisoners' rights, comity: criminal procedure)
录. voting
区. Voting Rights Act of 1965, plus amendments
单. ballot access (of candidates and political parties)
位. desegregation (other than as pertains to school desegregation, employment discrimination, and affirmative action)
型. desegregation, schools
法. employment discrimination: on basis of race, age, religion, illegitimacy, national origin, or working conditions.
县. affirmative action
存. slavery or indenture
品. sit-in demonstrations (protests against racial discrimination in places of public accommodation)
前. reapportionment: other than plans governed by the Voting Rights Act
称. debtors' rights
注. deportation (cf. immigration and naturalization)
值. employability of aliens (cf. immigration and naturalization)
输. sex discrimination (excluding sex discrimination in employment)
建. sex discrimination in employment (cf. sex discrimination)
能. Indians (other than pertains to state jurisdiction over)
大. Indians, state jurisdiction over
例. juveniles (cf. rights of illegitimates)
度. poverty law, constitutional
始. poverty law, statutory: welfare benefits, typically under some Social Security Act provision.
到. illegitimates, rights of (cf. juveniles): typically inheritance and survivor's benefits, and paternity suits
面. handicapped, rights of: under Rehabilitation, Americans with Disabilities Act, and related statutes
载. residency requirements: durational, plus discrimination against nonresidents
点. military: draftee, or person subject to induction
密. military: active duty
动. military: veteran
果. immigration and naturalization: permanent residence
图. immigration and naturalization: citizenship
提. immigration and naturalization: loss of citizenship, denaturalization
发. immigration and naturalization: access to public education
式. immigration and naturalization: welfare benefits
国. immigration and naturalization: miscellaneous
登. indigents: appointment of counsel (cf. right to counsel)
错. indigents: inadequate representation by counsel (cf. right to counsel)
者. indigents: payment of fine
认. indigents: costs or filing fees
误. indigents: U.S. Supreme Court docketing fee
接. indigents: transcript
关. indigents: assistance of psychiatrist
重. indigents: miscellaneous
第. liability, civil rights acts (cf. liability, governmental and liability, nongovernmental; cruel and unusual punishment, non-death penalty)
地. miscellaneous civil rights (cf. comity: civil rights)
如. First Amendment, miscellaneous (cf. comity: First Amendment)
设. commercial speech, excluding attorneys
目. libel, defamation: defamation of public officials and public and private persons
开. libel, privacy: true and false light invasions of privacy
事. legislative investigations: concerning internal security only
可. federal or state internal security legislation: Smith, Internal Security, and related federal statutes
要. loyalty oath or non-Communist affidavit (other than bar applicants, government employees, political party, or teacher)
代. loyalty oath: bar applicants (cf. admission to bar, state or federal or U.S. Supreme Court)
小. loyalty oath: government employees
选. loyalty oath: political party
标. loyalty oath: teachers
明. security risks: denial of benefits or dismissal of employees for reasons other than failure to meet loyalty oath requirements
编. conscientious objectors (cf. military draftee or military active duty) to military service
求. campaign spending (cf. governmental corruption):
列. protest demonstrations (other than as pertains to sit-in demonstrations): demonstrations and other forms of protest based on First Amendment guarantees
网. free exercise of religion
万. establishment of religion (other than as pertains to parochiaid:)
最. parochiaid: government aid to religious schools, or religious requirements in public schools
器. obscenity, state (cf. comity: privacy): including the regulation of sexually explicit material under the 21st Amendment
所. obscenity, federal
内. due process: miscellaneous (cf. loyalty oath), the residual code
体. due process: hearing or notice (other than as pertains to government employees or prisoners' rights)
通. due process: hearing, government employees
务. due process: prisoners' rights and defendants' rights
此. due process: impartial decision maker
商. due process: jurisdiction (jurisdiction over non-resident litigants)
序. due process: takings clause, or other non-constitutional governmental taking of property
化. privacy (cf. libel, comity: privacy)
消. abortion: including contraceptives
否. right to die
保. Freedom of Information Act and related federal or state statutes or regulations
使. attorneys' and governmental employees' or officials' fees or compensation or licenses
次. commercial speech, attorneys (cf. commercial speech)
机. admission to a state or federal bar, disbarment, and attorney discipline (cf. loyalty oath: bar applicants)
对. admission to, or disbarment from, Bar of the U.S. Supreme Court
量. arbitration (in the context of labor-management or employer-employee relations) (cf. arbitration)
查. union antitrust: legality of anticompetitive union activity
部. union or closed shop: includes agency shop litigation
性. Fair Labor Standards Act
和. Occupational Safety and Health Act
更. union-union member dispute (except as pertains to union or closed shop)
后. labor-management disputes: bargaining
证. labor-management disputes: employee discharge
题. labor-management disputes: distribution of union literature
确. labor-management disputes: representative election
格. labor-management disputes: antistrike injunction
了. labor-management disputes: jurisdictional dispute
于. labor-management disputes: right to organize
金. labor-management disputes: picketing
公. labor-management disputes: secondary activity
午. labor-management disputes: no-strike clause
円. labor-management disputes: union representatives
片. labor-management disputes: union trust funds (cf. ERISA)
空. labor-management disputes: working conditions
态. labor-management disputes: miscellaneous dispute
管. miscellaneous union
主. antitrust (except in the context of mergers and union antitrust)
天. mergers
自. bankruptcy (except in the context of priority of federal fiscal claims)
我. sufficiency of evidence: typically in the context of a jury's determination of compensation for injury or death
全. election of remedies: legal remedies available to injured persons or things
今. liability, governmental: tort or contract actions by or against government or governmental officials other than defense of criminal actions brought under a civil rights action.
来. liability, other than as in sufficiency of evidence, election of remedies, punitive damages
正. liability, punitive damages
说. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (cf. union trust funds)
意. state or local government tax
送. state and territorial land claims
容. state or local government regulation, especially of business (cf. federal pre-emption of state court jurisdiction, federal pre-emption of state legislation or regulation)
已. federal or state regulation of securities
结. natural resources - environmental protection (cf. national supremacy: natural resources, national supremacy: pollution)
会. corruption, governmental or governmental regulation of other than as in campaign spending
段. zoning: constitutionality of such ordinances, or restrictions on owners' or lessors' use of real property
计. arbitration (other than as pertains to labor-management or employer-employee relations (cf. union arbitration)
源. federal or state consumer protection: typically under the Truth in Lending; Food, Drug and Cosmetic; and Consumer Protection Credit Acts
色. patents and copyrights: patent
時. patents and copyrights: copyright
交. patents and copyrights: trademark
系. patents and copyrights: patentability of computer processes
过. federal or state regulation of transportation regulation: railroad
电. federal and some few state regulations of transportation regulation: boat
询. federal and some few state regulation of transportation regulation:truck, or motor carrier
符. federal and some few state regulation of transportation regulation: pipeline (cf. federal public utilities regulation: gas pipeline)
未. federal and some few state regulation of transportation regulation: airline
程. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: electric power
常. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: nuclear power
条. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: oil producer
当. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: gas producer
情. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: gas pipeline (cf. federal transportation regulation: pipeline)
口. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: radio and television (cf. cable television)
合. federal and some few state regulation of public utilities regulation: cable television (cf. radio and television)
车. federal and some few state regulations of public utilities regulation: telephone or telegraph company
实. miscellaneous economic regulation
组. comity: civil rights
版. comity: criminal procedure
周. comity: First Amendment
址. comity: habeas corpus
记. comity: military
二. comity: obscenity
同. comity: privacy
业. comity: miscellaneous
权. comity primarily removal cases, civil procedure (cf. comity, criminal and First Amendment); deference to foreign judicial tribunals
其. assessment of costs or damages: as part of a court order
进. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure including Supreme Court Rules, application of the Federal Rules of Evidence, Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure in civil litigation, Circuit Court Rules, and state rules and admiralty rules
试. judicial review of administrative agency's or administrative official's actions and procedures
验. mootness (cf. standing to sue: live dispute)
料. venue
传. no merits: writ improvidently granted
述. no merits: dismissed or affirmed for want of a substantial or properly presented federal question, or a nonsuit
集. no merits: dismissed or affirmed for want of jurisdiction (cf. judicial administration: Supreme Court jurisdiction or authority on appeal from federal district courts or courts of appeals)
多. no merits: adequate non-federal grounds for decision
无. no merits: remand to determine basis of state or federal court decision (cf. judicial administration: state law)
员. no merits: miscellaneous
报. standing to sue: adversary parties
他. standing to sue: direct injury
無. standing to sue: legal injury
服. standing to sue: personal injury
线. standing to sue: justiciable question
这. standing to sue: live dispute
制. standing to sue: parens patriae standing
将. standing to sue: statutory standing
处. standing to sue: private or implied cause of action
高. standing to sue: taxpayer's suit
子. standing to sue: miscellaneous
道. judicial administration: jurisdiction or authority of federal district courts or territorial courts
章. judicial administration: jurisdiction or authority of federal courts of appeals
手. judicial administration: Supreme Court jurisdiction or authority on appeal or writ of error, from federal district courts or courts of appeals (cf. 753)
库. judicial administration: Supreme Court jurisdiction or authority on appeal or writ of error, from highest state court
三. judicial administration: jurisdiction or authority of the Court of Claims
从. judicial administration: Supreme Court's original jurisdiction
支. judicial administration: review of non-final order
家. judicial administration: change in state law (cf. no merits: remand to determine basis of state court decision)
长. judicial administration: federal question (cf. no merits: dismissed for want of a substantial or properly presented federal question)
付. judicial administration: ancillary or pendent jurisdiction
秒. judicial administration: extraordinary relief (e.g., mandamus, injunction)
路. judicial administration: certification (cf. objection to reason for denial of certiorari or appeal)
完. judicial administration: resolution of circuit conflict, or conflict between or among other courts
象. judicial administration: objection to reason for denial of certiorari or appeal
则. judicial administration: collateral estoppel or res judicata
现. judicial administration: interpleader
京. judicial administration: untimely filing
转. judicial administration: Act of State doctrine
辑. judicial administration: miscellaneous
限. Supreme Court's certiorari, writ of error, or appeals jurisdiction
力. miscellaneous judicial power, especially diversity jurisdiction
学. federal-state ownership dispute (cf. Submerged Lands Act)
外. federal pre-emption of state court jurisdiction
调. federal pre-emption of state legislation or regulation. cf. state regulation of business. rarely involves union activity. Does not involve constitutional interpretation unless the Court says it does.
项. Submerged Lands Act (cf. federal-state ownership dispute)
北. national supremacy: commodities
工. national supremacy: intergovernmental tax immunity
笑. national supremacy: marital and family relationships and property, including obligation of child support
监. national supremacy: natural resources (cf. natural resources - environmental protection)
任. national supremacy: pollution, air or water (cf. natural resources - environmental protection)
相. national supremacy: public utilities (cf. federal public utilities regulation)
微. national supremacy: state tax (cf. state tax)
册. national supremacy: miscellaneous
联. miscellaneous federalism
平. boundary dispute between states
增. non-real property dispute between states
听. miscellaneous interstate relations conflict
解. incorporation of foreign territories
等. federal taxation, typically under provisions of the Internal Revenue Code
得. federal taxation of gifts, personal, business, or professional expenses
收. priority of federal fiscal claims: over those of the states or private entities
安. miscellaneous federal taxation (cf. national supremacy: state tax)
价. legislative veto
藏. executive authority vis-a-vis congress or the states
命. miscellaneous
应. real property
看. personal property
索. contracts
资. evidence
产. civil procedure
串. torts
布. wills and trusts
原. commercial transactions
Answer:

Answer: 平