Task: songer_opinstat

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals. Your task is to identify whether the opinion writter is identified in the opinion or whether the opinion was per curiam.

PER CURIAM:
In its consideration of this state prisoner’s habeas petition, the district court neither held an evidentiary hearing nor had before it the record of petitioner’s trial, or at least the state record was not introduced into evidence. That court has thus failed to conduct its required independent inquiry into the petitioner’s constitutional claims. See Townsend v. Sain, 1963, 372 U.S. 293, 83 S.Ct. 745, 9 L.Ed.2d 770. Its judgment is therefore vacated and the case is remanded for further consideration.
. The matter was handled by a magistrate whose findings, conclusions and recommendation were adopted by the district court. The clerk of the district court has advised this court that all state court materials filed as exhibits in district court were transmitted to this court. The state trial record is not among these exhibits.

Question: Is the opinion writer identified in the opinion, or was the opinion per curiam?
A. Signed, with reasons
B. Per curiam, with reasons
C. Not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: B