Task: songer_typeiss

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Your task is to determine the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court. Choose among the following categories. Criminal and prisioner petitions- includes appeals of conviction, petitions for post conviction relief, habeas corpus petitions, and other prisoner petitions which challenge the validity of the conviction or the sentence or the validity of continued confinement. Civil - Government - these will include appeals from administrative agencies (e.g., OSHA,FDA), the decisions of administrative law judges, or the decisions of independent regulatory agencies (e.g., NLRB, FCC,SEC). The focus in administrative law is usually on procedural principles that apply to administrative agencies as they affect private interests, primarily through rulemaking and adjudication. Tort actions against the government, including petitions by prisoners which challenge the conditions of their confinement or which seek damages for torts committed by prion officials or by police fit in this category. In addition, this category will include suits over taxes and claims for benefits from government. Diversity of Citizenship - civil cases involving disputes between citizens of different states (remember that businesses have state citizenship). These cases will always involve the application of state or local law. If the case is centrally concerned with the application or interpretation of federal law then it is not a diversity case. Civil Disputes - Private - includes all civil cases that do not fit in any of the above categories. The opposing litigants will be individuals, businesses or groups.

OPINION OF THE COURT
Before McLAUGHLIN, KALODNER and STAHL, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Herman Y. Jenkins, a merchant seaman, brought the instant action for damages for alleged personal injuries sustained on December 13, 1961, while employed as a wiper on a vessel owned and operated by the defendant California Tanker Company. The complaint charged unseaworthiness of the vessel under the general maritime law, and negligence under the Jones Act, 46 U.S.C.A. § 688. The District Court, to which the cause was tried without a jury, found that the defendant was not negligent but that its vessel was unseaworthy. It further found that Jenkins only suffered a “glancing blow” to his right shoulder, and that the latter “was not a proximate cause of any of the injuries and maladies complained of in this action, nor, therefore, any of the lost time from work suffered by the plaintiff [seaman], nor any impairment of future earning power.” In consonance with the stated fact-finding, the District Court entered judgment in favor of the defendant and against the plaintiff.
On this appeal it is contended that the District Court’s fact-finding with respect to the claimed injuries is contrary to the weight of the evidence.
On review of the record we cannot say that the mooted fact-finding is “clearly erroneous” and accordingly the Judgment of the District Court, in favor of the defendant and against the plaintiff, as amended, will be affirmed, each party to bear its own costs.
. The seaman died while this appeal was pending and this Court entered an Order substituting the administratrix of his estate, Fannie Jenkins, as plaintiff. In view of our disposition we do not reach the contention of the defendant that the right of action for unseaworthiness abated upon the seaman’s death.

Question: What is the general category of issues discussed in the opinion of the court?
A. criminal and prisoner petitions
B. civil - government
C. diversity of citizenship
D. civil - private
E. other, not applicable
F. not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: D