Task: songer_appfed

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

BYRNE, District Judge:
The National Labor Relations Board found, in agreement with the Trial Examiner, that the respondent C & C Packing Company violated sections 8(a) (5) and (1) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 158(a) (5) and (1), by refusing to bargain with the Union. The case is before the Court upon the Board’s petition to enforce its order pursuant to section 10(e) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 160(e).
In an effort to organize the production and maintenance employees at the Company’s plant, the Union signed up the necessary 30 per cent of the employees and petitioned the Board for a representation election. At the meeting called to process this petition, the attorney for the Company asked if the Union would withdraw its representation petition if it could prove it had a majority of the employees.
The Union’s petition was withdrawn and it agreed to the card check procedure which involves counting the total number of employees who have signed a card authorizing the Union to represent them, and comparing this number with the total number of employees in the bargaining unit to determine whether 51 per cent of the employees have authorized Union representation.
The Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service suggested William Halloran, a retired mediator, to run the check and he agreed to serve. The Union suggested April 12th for the card check, but, at the request of the Company’s attorney, the date of April 14th was selected to permit the Company’s secretary-treasurer to attend. The meeting began at the office of the Company’s attorney and adjourned to the Federal Mediation Service offices where Halloran ran the check. He compared the names on the cards given to him by the Union with a typed list of the employees in the bargaining unit furnished by the Company. He found there were 22 employees in the unit and 15 were for the Union. The Company did not challenge nor question this card check procedure when Halloran asked both sides if there were any problems or challenges.
The day after the card check meeting, the Company sent a letter to the Union requesting a draft contract so that they would better know what matters to discuss at the meeting scheduled four days later for the purpose of negotiating a contract. The day before this meeting was to take place, the Company sent another letter to the Union indicating that they wanted an election after all, to determine the majority status of the Union before entering negotiations. Again there were no challenges to the validity of the card check in the letter. The attorney who wrote the letter even acknowledged that he realized the letter might take the Union by surprise.
The Union insisted the Company bargain on the basis of its majority status having been determined by the card check and filed this charge with the Board.
The Company now disputes the reliability of the card check. It argues that there was no showing that Halloran read the contents of all the cards; nor was there evidence that the names were written, not printed; nor was there a showing that Halloran had ever seen the signatures of the employees before; that the Trial Examiner erred in limiting testimony on the validity of the cards to the authenticity of the signatures and to whether the employee was told the cards were to be used only to have an election ; that, even assuming that the Union represented a majority, the Company had a good faith doubt of its majority status, and that the Trial Examiner was partisan.
The Board agrees that the authorization cards must represent the intent of the signers. N.L.R.B. v. Dan Howard, 7 Cir., 390 F.2d 304. If the cards were signed to get an election, and not to authorize the Union to be the bargaining representative, then they were invalid. N.L.R.B. v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc., 6 Cir., 341 F.2d 750. The Board reasons, however, that as the Company agreed to the card check as a substitute for the representation election, it cannot now go back and attack the card check procedure. The Trial Examiner found that the Company suggested the card check and did not reserve a “right” to request an election in the event they were dissatisfied with the result of the card check. This finding is based upon substantial evidence and meets the Universal Camera Corp. v. N.L.R.B., 340 U.S. 474, 71 S.Ct. 456, 95 L.Ed. 456, standard.
Halloran testified that at the card check there was no statement made to the effect that the card check was not to be used to determine the Union’s majority status. Allen, a Union representative, testified that there was no discussion concerning the retained “right” to an election. The Trial Examiner credited this testimony over that of Gigounas, an attorney for the Company, that there was such a reservation.
The Trial Examiner limited the testimony concerning the validity of the cards to whether the signature was authentic and as to whether the employee was told the cards were to be used only for an election.
In Snow v. N.L.R.B., CA 9, 308 F.2d 687, the employer agreed to a card check. A minister compared the signatures on the authorization cards to signatures on W-2 forms supplied by the employer and found the Union had a majority. After the card count the employer still refused to bargain, claiming a good faith doubt of the Union’s majority status. The Court held that the employer’s failure to question the manner in which the signatures were obtained vitiated its claim of a good faith doubt. The instant case falls squarely within Snow.
In Snow, both the employer and the Union chose the clergyman who ran the check and he compared signatures, not just names. In our case, Halloran was selected by the Union upon the suggestion of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, and he compared the signatures with the typewritten list of employees furnished by the Company. If it wanted signatures compared, it could have supplied W-2 forms as did the employer in Snow. It must also be remembered that the Company made no objection to the card check, to the validity of the cards, nor to Halloran, despite the fact that Halloran, at the conclusion of the check, specifically asked if either side had any challenges.
The Trial Examiner carefully analyzed the conflicting testimony and there is no merit to the claims that he was partisan.
Enforcement of the order of the Board is granted.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officialss"? Answer with a number.
Answer:

Answer: 1