Task: sc_adminaction

What follows is an opinion from the Supreme Court of the United States. Your task is to identify the federal agency involved in the administrative action that occurred prior to the onset of litigation. If the administrative action occurred in a state agency, respond "State Agency". Do not code the name of the state. The administrative activity may involve an administrative official as well as that of an agency. If two federal agencies are mentioned, consider the one whose action more directly bears on the dispute;otherwise the agency that acted more recently. If a state and federal agency are mentioned, consider the federal agency. Pay particular attention to the material which appears in the summary of the case preceding the Court's opinion and, if necessary, those portions of the prevailing opinion headed by a I or II. Action by an agency official is considered to be administrative action except when such an official acts to enforce criminal law. If an agency or agency official "denies" a "request" that action be taken, such denials are considered agency action. Exclude: a "challenge" to an unapplied agency rule, regulation, etc.; a request for an injunction or a declaratory judgment against agency action which, though anticipated, has not yet occurred; a mere request for an agency to take action when there is no evidence that the agency did so; agency or official action to enforce criminal law; the hiring and firing of political appointees or the procedures whereby public officials are appointed to office; attorney general preclearance actions pertaining to voting; filing fees or nominating petitions required for access to the ballot; actions of courts martial; land condemnation suits and quiet title actions instituted in a court; and federally funded private nonprofit organizations.

Per Curiam.
On March 4, 1966, the Attorney General petitioned the Subversive Activities Control Board for an order, after appropriate hearings, requiring the W. E. B. DuBois Clubs of America to register with the Attorney General as a Communist-front organization. On April 26, 1966, before hearings were held, appellants attempted to bypass the Board by suing in the District Court. Appellants' complaint in the District Court alleged that the Communist-front registration provisions of the Act were unconstitutional. The complaint also alleged that the “very pendency of these administrative proceedings . . . has resulted and will continue to result . . . in immediate and irreparable injury to fundamental constitutional rights . . . .” Appellants asked the District Court for an order declaring the Communist-front registration provisions unconstitutional and also for an order enjoining the Attorney General and the SACB from enforcing them. A three-judge District Court, convened on appellants’ motion, dismissed the complaint because appellants had failed to exhaust their administrative remedies. This appeal followed.
Before there may be proceedings to punish appellants for failure to register with the Attorney General, the SACB must first find that the DuBois Clubs is a Communist-front organization and issue an order to that effect. The Act provides for a full evidentiary hearing which is to be held in public. Appellants may be represented by counsel, offer oral or documentary evidence, submit rebuttal evidence, and conduct cross-examination. The SACB must make a written report and state its finding of fact. If appellants are aggrieved by the Board’s order, they may obtain review in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit which may set aside the order if it is not “supported by the preponderance of the evidence.” Upon motion of a party, the Court of Appeals may order the Board to take additional evidence. Of course, if the Board and the Court of Appeals find that the Act does cover appellants, they may challenge its constitutionality either as applied or on its face. Judgments of the Court of Appeals are reviewable by this Court on certiorari.
It is evident that Congress has provided a way for appellants to raise their constitutional claims. But appellants, denying that they are within the coverage of the Act, wish to litigate these claims in an injunctive proceeding in the District Court. The effect would be that important and difficult constitutional issues would be decided devoid of factual context and before it was clear that appellants were covered by the Act. We have previously refused to decide the constitutionality of the very provisions involved here because it was not clear that the Act would be applied to the objecting parties. American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born v. SACB, 380 U. S. 503, Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade v. SACB, 380 U. S. 513. Similarly, the District Court should not be forced to decide these constitutional questions in a vacuum.
Appellants rely on Dombrowski v. Pfister, 380 U. S. 479 (1965), to support their contention that the usual rule requiring exhaustion of administrative remedies should not apply in this case. In Dombrowski, however, the constitutional issues were presented in a factual context. Upon a record demonstrating a history of harassment of appellants in connection with their exercise of First Amendment rights, the Court ordered a federal district court to issue an injunction against pending criminal prosecutions under state statutes. This Court held the statutes “void on their face,” and it concluded that, in the circumstances of that case, if appellants were required to submit to a criminal prosecution, the injury to First Amendment freedoms which had already taken place would be compounded. Accordingly, the Court allowed appellants to assert their claims in an equitable proceeding.
In this case, the complaint and .the affidavits constitute no more than conclusory allegations that the purpose of the threatened enforcement of the Act was to “harass” appellants and that harassment was the intended result of the Attorney General’s announcement that he had filed a petition with the SACB. Further, appellants are not being forced to assert their claims in a criminal prosecution. As the court below made clear, “Congress has made careful provision that no tangible sanctions can come into play until the facts have been explored in open hearing [before the Board] and the courts have scrutinized what they show, both in their adequacy to support a registration order and in their constitutional impact upon the statute itself.” In the context of this case, we decline to require the court below to permit substitution of an injunctive proceeding for the civil proceeding which Congress has specifically provided.
The motion to affirm is granted and the judgment is affirmed. Affirmed.
The term “Communist-front organization” is defined in § 3 (4) of the Internal Security Act of 1950, 64 Stat. 989, 50 U. S. C. § 782 (4). Communist-front organizations are required to register with the Attorney General. 50 U. S. C. § 786. When a Communist-front organization does not register, the Attorney General may petition the SACB for an order requiring registration. 50 U. S. C. §792.
On April 27, 1966, appellants also filed with the Board a motion to dismiss the Attorney General’s petition. The Board denied this motion and, subsequently, on August 18, 1966, appellants filed an answer to the Attorney General’s petition. According to the District Court, the DuBois Clubs “(1) denied generally that it was a Communist-front organization within the meaning of the Act, and (2) denied various allegations of fact made by the Attorney General in the petition.”
Appellants attacked the provisions, 50 U. S. C. §§ 786 (b), (c), and (d), “on their face and as applied” as violations of Art. I, § 9, cl. 3, Art. Ill, and the First, Fifth, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments of the Constitution. Although the Communist-front provisions have been upheld by the District of Columbia Circuit, American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born v. SACB, 117 U. S. App. D. C. 393, 401, 331 F. 2d 53, 61 (1963), reversed on other grounds, 380 U. S. 503 (1965); Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade v. SACB, 117 U. S. App. D. C. 404, 413, 331 F. 2d 64, 73 (1963), reversed on other grounds, 380 U. S. 513 (1965); Weinstock v. SACB, 118 U. S. App. D. C. 1, 331 F. 2d 75 (1963); Jefferson School of Social Science v. SACB, 118 U. S. App. D. C. 2, 331 F. 2d 76 (1963), their constitutionality has not been specifically determined by this Court, American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born v. SACB, 380 U. S. 503 (1965); Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade v. SACB, 380 U. S. 513 (1965). Cf. Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U. S. 500 (1964).
However, the District Court did stay further Board proceedings pending this Court’s disposition of the case.
50 U. S. C. §794 (a).
See National Council of American-Soviet Friendship v. SACB, 116 U. S. App. D. C. 162, 322 F. 2d 375 (1963).
See 50 U. S. C. §§792 (d), (g), 793 (a).
Cf. Rescue Army v. Municipal Court, 331 U. S. 549, 568-585 (1947).
See, e. g., Myers v. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., 303 U. S. 41, 50-51 (1938); Macauley v. Waterman S. S. Corp., 327 U. S. 540, 543-545 (1946); Aircraft & Diesel Corp. v. Hirsch, 331 U. S. 752, 771-774 (1947); Allen v. Grand Cent. Aircraft Co., 347 U. S. 535, 553 (1954); Boire v. Greyhound Corp., 376 U. S. 473, 481-482 (1964).
See 50 U. S. C. §§793 (b), 794.

Question: What is the agency involved in the administrative action?
年. Army and Air Force Exchange Service
数. Atomic Energy Commission
日. Secretary or administrative unit or personnel of the U.S. Air Force
的. Department or Secretary of Agriculture
月. Alien Property Custodian
用. Secretary or administrative unit or personnel of the U.S. Army
成. Board of Immigration Appeals
名. Bureau of Indian Affairs
时. Bureau of Prisons
件. Bonneville Power Administration
一. Benefits Review Board
请. Civil Aeronautics Board
中. Bureau of the Census
据. Central Intelligence Agency
码. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
不. Department or Secretary of Commerce
新. Comptroller of Currency
文. Consumer Product Safety Commission
下. Civil Rights Commission
分. Civil Service Commission, U.S.
入. Customs Service or Commissioner or Collector of Customs
人. Defense Base Closure and REalignment Commission
功. Drug Enforcement Agency
上. Department or Secretary of Defense (and Department or Secretary of War)
户. Department or Secretary of Energy
为. Department or Secretary of the Interior
间. Department of Justice or Attorney General
号. Department or Secretary of State
取. Department or Secretary of Transportation
回. Department or Secretary of Education
在. U.S. Employees' Compensation Commission, or Commissioner
页. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
字. Environmental Protection Agency or Administrator
有. Federal Aviation Agency or Administration
个. Federal Bureau of Investigation or Director
作. Federal Bureau of Prisons
示. Farm Credit Administration
出. Federal Communications Commission (including a predecessor, Federal Radio Commission)
是. Federal Credit Union Administration
失. Food and Drug Administration
表. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
除. Federal Energy Administration
加. Federal Election Commission
败. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
生. Federal Housing Administration
信. Federal Home Loan Bank Board
类. Federal Labor Relations Authority
置. Federal Maritime Board
理. Federal Maritime Commission
本. Farmers Home Administration
息. Federal Parole Board
行. Federal Power Commission
定. Federal Railroad Administration
改. Federal Reserve Board of Governors
市. Federal Reserve System
期. Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation
以. Federal Trade Commission
修. Federal Works Administration, or Administrator
元. General Accounting Office
方. Comptroller General
录. General Services Administration
区. Department or Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare
单. Department or Secretary of Health and Human Services
位. Department or Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
型. Administrative agency established under an interstate compact (except for the MTC)
法. Interstate Commerce Commission
县. Indian Claims Commission
存. Immigration and Naturalization Service, or Director of, or District Director of, or Immigration and Naturalization Enforcement
品. Internal Revenue Service, Collector, Commissioner, or District Director of
前. Information Security Oversight Office
称. Department or Secretary of Labor
注. Loyalty Review Board
值. Legal Services Corporation
输. Merit Systems Protection Board
建. Multistate Tax Commission
能. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
大. Secretary or administrative unit or personnel of the U.S. Navy
例. National Credit Union Administration
度. National Endowment for the Arts
始. National Enforcement Commission
到. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
面. National Labor Relations Board, or regional office or officer
载. National Mediation Board
点. National Railroad Adjustment Board
密. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
动. National Security Agency
果. Office of Economic Opportunity
图. Office of Management and Budget
提. Office of Price Administration, or Price Administrator
发. Office of Personnel Management
式. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
国. Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
登. Office of Workers' Compensation Programs
错. Patent Office, or Commissioner of, or Board of Appeals of
者. Pay Board (established under the Economic Stabilization Act of 1970)
认. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
误. U.S. Public Health Service
接. Postal Rate Commission
关. Provider Reimbursement Review Board
重. Renegotiation Board
第. Railroad Adjustment Board
地. Railroad Retirement Board
如. Subversive Activities Control Board
设. Small Business Administration
目. Securities and Exchange Commission
开. Social Security Administration or Commissioner
事. Selective Service System
可. Department or Secretary of the Treasury
要. Tennessee Valley Authority
代. United States Forest Service
小. United States Parole Commission
选. Postal Service and Post Office, or Postmaster General, or Postmaster
标. United States Sentencing Commission
明. Veterans' Administration or Board of Veterans' Appeals
编. War Production Board
求. Wage Stabilization Board
列. State Agency
网. Unidentifiable
万. Office of Thrift Supervision
最. Department of Homeland Security
器. Board of General Appraisers
所. Board of Tax Appeals
内. General Land Office or Commissioners
体. NO Admin Action
通. Processing Tax Board of Review
Answer:

Answer: 如