Task: songer_r_state

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the respondent is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

DENMAN, Circuit Judge.
This is a motion under 28 U.S.C.A. § 466 for a certificate of probable cause for an appeal from the dismissal by the District Court of a petition for a writ of habeas corpus, that court holding the petition did not state any ground for relief.
A similar motion for the certificate has been denied by the District Court below. For the reasons hereafter stated, I agree it was properly denied.
The prisoner has been convicted and sentenced by the Superior Court' of the State of California, in and for the County of Los Angeles, on one count of conspiracy, California Penal Code, § 182, and several counts of grand theft, California Penal Code, § 484. His sentence on the grand theft counts are to run concurrently, but consecutively to the conspiracy sentence.
The prisoner is in prison now less than one year, which is the minimum sentence for the grand theft counts. If there is no denial of due process in respect to those counts, then he is legally imprisoned and the petition for habeas corpus is prematurely brought. In respect to the grand theft counts, the prisoner maintains that on his appeal to the District Court of Appeal for the State of California that court, in its opinion, misstated the facts and so decided the case improperly. Since, however, the facts so misstated supported the legal points held by the California District Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court of the State of California refused to grant a hearing under its rule that a hearing after a decision by the District Court of Appeal would be granted only if the law there expressed was incorrect as ap-. plied to the facts as set forth in the opinion. People v. Davis, 147 Cal. 346, 81 P. 718. This statement, if correct, indicates no more than error in the course of appeal. The writ of habeas ■ corpus is not available to relieve from error. Burall v. Johnson, 9 Cir., 134 F.2d 614.
Petitioner is imprisoned by authority of a sentence imposed under California Penal Code, § 1168, the Indeterminate Sentence Law of that state. He claims that that sentence is. void because the law is invalid under Article VI, § 1 of the California Constitution, *“and thereby deprives petitioner of due process and equal protection of the law guaranteed to him by the Constitution of the State of California and the Constitution of the United States.”
The validity of the- California Indeterminate Sentence Law was upheld in so far as Article III, § 1 of the California constitution is concerned in In re Lee, 1918, 177 Cal. 690, 171 P. 958. The arguments there made are equally applicable to Article VI, § 1, and have, I believe, settled this question beyond further consideration by a federal court. Petitioner’s contention would make every criminal sentence in California invalid. I do not agree. .
The motion is denied.
“Section 1. The judicial power of the State shall be vested in the Senate, sitting as a court of impeachment, in a supreme court, district courts of appeal, superior courts, such municipal courts as may be established in any city or city and county,' and "such inferior courts as the Legislature may establish in any incorporated city or town, township, county or city and county.”
“Section 1. The powers of the government of the State of California shall be divided into three separate departments — the legislative, executive, and judicial; and no person charged with the • exercise of powers properly belonging to one of these departments shall exercise any functions appertaining to either of the others, except as in this Consti- • tution expressly directed or permitted.”

Question: What is the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials"? Answer with a number.
Answer:

Answer: 1