Task: songer_appel1_7_5

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 

Your task concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)". Your task is to determine which of these categories best describes the income of the litigant. Consider the following categories: "not ascertained", "poor + wards of state" (e.g., patients at state mental hospital; not prisoner unless specific indication that poor), "presumed poor" (e.g., migrant farm worker), "presumed wealthy" (e.g., high status job - like medical doctors, executives of corporations that are national in scope, professional athletes in the NBA or NFL; upper 1/5 of income bracket), "clear indication of wealth in opinion", "other - above poverty line but not clearly wealthy" (e.g., public school teachers, federal government employees)." Note that "poor" means below the federal poverty line; e.g., welfare or food stamp recipients. There must be some specific indication in the opinion that you can point to before anyone is classified anything other than "not ascertained". Prisoners filing "pro se" were classified as poor, but litigants in civil cases who proceed pro se were not presumed to be poor. Wealth obtained from the crime at issue in a criminal case was not counted when determining the wealth of the criminal defendant (e.g., drug dealers).

PER CURIAM.
Defendants appeal from their conviction on two counts of making false statements to the Small Business Administration to obtain a loan, in violation of 15 U.S.C. § 645(a) (1976). They were tried before a federal District Court Judge, the jury being waived; were found guilty; and each was sentenced to two years of probation and a $2,000 fine.
On appeal appellants’ basic contention is that the evidence presented in relation to the two counts was insufficient to support the conviction. While we recognize that the case was decided on conflicting evidence, we do not consider these conflicts de novo. United States v. Luxenberg, 374 F.2d 241 (6th Cir. 1967). We do find substantial, material and competent evidence to support the findings of guilt by the District Judge.
Further, we find no error in the fact that at the conclusion of argument on defendants’ motion for judgment of acquittal, Judge Gubow proposed to both counsel that each should concurrently submit findings of fact and conclusions of law within 10 days, which suggestion was agreed upon by both counsel for defense and the government. Under these circumstances, we find no denial of or prejudice to defendants’ rights to have a closing argument made in their behalf.
The judgments of conviction are affirmed.

Question: This question concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)". Which of these categories best describes the income of the litigant?
A. not ascertained
B. poor + wards of state
C. presumed poor
D. presumed wealthy
E. clear indication of wealth in opinion
F. other - above poverty line but not clearly wealthy
Answer:

Answer: A