Task: songer_realapp

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
Your task is to determine whether or not the formally listed appellants in the case are the "real parties." That is, are they the parties whose real interests are most directly at stake? (e.g., in some appeals of adverse habeas corpus petition decisions, the respondent is listed as the judge who denied the petition, but the real parties are the prisoner and the warden of the prison) (another example would be "Jones v A 1990 Rolls Royce" where Jones is a drug agent trying to seize a car which was transporting drugs - the real party would be the owner of the car). For cases in which an independent regulatory agency is the listed appellant, the following rule was adopted: If the agency initiated the action to enforce a federal rule or the agency was sued by a litigant contesting an agency action, then the agency was coded as a real party. However, if the agency initially only acted as a forum to settle a dispute between two other litigants, and the agency is only listed as a party because its ruling in that dispute is at issue, then the agency is considered not to be a real party. For example, if a union files an unfair labor practices charge against a corporation, the NLRB hears the dispute and rules for the union, and then the NLRB petitions the court of appeals for enforcement of its ruling in an appeal entitled "NLRB v Widget Manufacturing, INC." the NLRB would be coded as not a real party. Note that under these definitions, trustees are usually "real parties" and parents suing on behalf of their children and a spouse suing on behalf of their injured or dead spouse are also "real parties."

NETERER, District Judge.
Reversal is sought of a judgment of dismissal of a complaint challenging the sale of real estate hypothecated to secure payment of money at a stated time by virtue of a power of sale contained in the agreement of hypothecation pursuant to the provisions of section 2924 of the Civil Code of California, charging that said section violated the “due process” clause of the Constitution of the United States (Const. Amend. 14), the hypothecation being made for security only, and that the procedure to enforce the contract must be by judicial procedure and sale upon execution by decree of court. No contention is made that the power of sale was not in all things strictly pursued.
This section of the statute entered into and became a part of the deed of hypothecation as fully as if set out therein. It is not contended that the power of sale was not set out in the instrument, nor that the requirements of the section 2924, supra, were not in detail performed.
That the trustor has power to confer upon the trustee, who may be the obligee to the deed of trust, the power to sell in accordance with the terms of the power given and a sale so made passes good title to' the property so sold has long since been judicially determined. Fogarty v. Sawyer, 17 Cal. 589; Bell Silver & Copper Mining Co. v. First National Bank, 156 U.S. 470, 15 S.Ct. 440, 39 L.Ed. 497; Grant v. Burr, 54 Cal. 298; Bateman v. Burr, 57 Cal. 480. The “due process” clause is not violated by the provisions of section 2924, supra.
That valid title passed on execution of such contractural power is unquestionable. Scott v. Paisley, 271 U.S. 632, 46 S. Ct. 591, 70 L.Ed. 1123. This is a case where the constitutionality of a like statute of Georgia was attacked.
Aside from the power of sale conferred in the instrument and the provisions of section 2924, supra, section 2932, Civil Code of California, provides: “A power of sale may be conferred by a mortgage upon the mortgagee or any other person, to be exercised after a breach of the obligation for which the mortgage is a security.” There is no merit in this appeal from any viewpoint of approach.
Appellees urge that appellants should be penalized by an award of damages to appellees for the prosecution of a frivolous appeal, and cite the following authorities: Wagner Electric Manufacturing Company v. Lamar Lyndon et al., 262 U.S. 226, 43 S. Ct. 589, 67 L.Ed. 961; Deming v. Carlisle Packing Co., 226 U.S. 102, 109, 33 S.Ct. 80, 57 L.Ed. 140, 144; Ballou v. Davis (C. C.A.) 75 F.(2d) 138, writ of certiorari denied 295 U.S. 766, 55 S.Ct. 926, 79 L.Ed. 1708.
It may be said that the court has such power and that many cases are added to this court’s congested docket by appeal, wherein we feel if further examination were made in the interest of efficient service to a client, and in discharge of the oath of office of the lawyer, appeal would many times not be made. The court may find in the interest of economy of time and substantial justice that penalties at times should be assessed, and this may be done, but it will not be done in this case.
Affirmed with costs.

Question: Are the formally listed appellants in the case the "real parties", that is, are they the parties whose real interests are most directly at stake?
A. both 1st and 2nd listed appellants are real parties (or only one appellant, and that appellant is a real party)
B. the 1st appellant is not a real party
C. the 2nd appellant is not a real party
D. neither the 1st nor the 2nd appellants are real parties
E. not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: A