Task: songer_appfed

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

PER CURIAM.
Davidescu and Rubinfeld filed in the court below petitions for writs of habeas corpus against the District Director of Immigration and Naturalization. The district court directed the writs to issue, and after return and hearing thereon entered orders in D.C.Mass., 66 F.Supp. 747, discharging the writs and remanding the petitioners to the custody of the respondent. Appeals were taken from these orders and are now pending in this court.
After the notices of appeal were filed, Davidescu and Rubinfeld applied to the district court to be admitted to bail pending disposition of the appeals. The applications were denied by orders entered December 20, 1946, whereupon each appellant applied to this court to be enlarged on bail pending appeal. We are obliged to deny the applications.
Admittance to bail pending appeal in habeas corpus cases is governed by Rule 45 of the Rules of the Supreme Court, 28 U.S.C.A. following section 354, promulgated pursuant to specific statutory authority of R.S. § 765, 28 U.S.C.A. § 464. Since in each of the present cases the district court issued the writ and thereafter discharged it, the applicable provision of Rule 45 is paragraph 2 thereof, reading as follows (306 U.S. 724):
“Pending review of a decision discharging a writ of habeas corpus after it has been issued, the prisoner may be remanded to the custody from which he was taken by the writ, or detained in other appropriate custody, or enlarged upon recognizance with surety, as to the court or judge rendering the decision may appear fitting in the circumstances of the particular case.”
It will be noted that by this rule discretion to admit to bail pending appeal is vested in “the court or judge rendering the decision” discharging the writ. Neither the circuit court of appeals nor a judge thereof is given independent authority to admit to bail. United States ex rel. Thomas v. Day, 1928, 2 Cir., 29 F.2d 485, 487. Possibly the orders of the district court in these cases, entered December 20, 1946, denying bail pending appeal, would be appealable — this we are not now required to consider — but if such orders are appealable, the scope of review would be limited to the narrow question whether the court below abused its discretion by refusing bail in the particular circumstances.
We refer briefly to several cases cited ,by counsel for appellants.
In Principe v. Ault, 1945, D.C.N.D. Ohio, 62 F.Supp. 279, the district court admitted the petitioner to bail pending its hearing on a writ of habeas corpus. .There being no provision of statute or rule of the Supreme Court governing bail in such situation, the question was whether the district court had implied or inherent power to admit to. bail as incident to its jurisdiction to hear the habeas corpus case. There is a conflict of. authority on this point, as the' cases cited • in the court’s opinion indicate. That case.is not in point because, in the situation now before us, Rule 45 vests .discretion as to bail in the district court, and that court’s order respecting custody or enlargement ■ covers the period of review in the circuit court of appeals. In re Ah Tai, 1903, D.C.D. Mass., 125 F. 795, and United States v. Yee Yet, 1911, D.C.D.N.J., 192 F. 577, are distinguishable on a similar ground; incidentally, neither of those casés was a habeas corpus case. In Petition of Brooks, 1925, D.C.D.Mass., 5 F.2d 238, a petitioner was held to be entitled -to discharge upon habeas corpus, but there was presented no question of bail either pending hearing in the district court or pending appeal.
Orders will be entered denying the applications for bail.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officialss"? Answer with a number.
Answer:

Answer: 0