Task: songer_appnatpr

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

EDGERTON, Circuit Judge.
On May 8, 1959, on remand from the Supreme Court. we vacated the Commission’s order released March 1, 1957. We held that “private approaches to the members of the Commission vitiated its action and the proceeding must be reopened.” Sangamon Valley Television Corp. v. United States and Federal Communications Commission, 106 U.S.App.D. C. 30, 33, 269 F.2d 221, 224. We did not order an entirely new proceeding but remanded the case to the Commission with instructions to hold, with the aid of a specially appointed examiner, an evidential hearing to determine the nature and scope of the ex parte approaches to Commissioners that had been made while the former proceeding was pending, and any other factors that might be thought to disqualify some Commissioners or some parties. Id. 106 U.S.App.D.C. at page 34, 269 P.2d 221.
A hearing was held on those and certain other issues. The Commission found that the many ex parte approaches of Tenenbaum on behalf of the applicant Signal Hill rendered the former proceeding voidable but did not disqualify any Commissioner and, in view of what were then somewhat common practices, did not absolutely disqualify Signal Hill. The Commission left open the question whether Tenenbaum’s activities should reflect on Signal Hill’s comparative qualifications in any future proceeding. The Commission released its Report and Recommendation on February 16, 1961. It proposed to give interested parties “the opportunity to respond to any matter revealed in the instant proceeding to have been presented privately to the Commissioners or any of them, and not otherwise made a part of the public record while the former proceeding was pending, and to comment upon the effect such matter should have upon the Commission’s ultimate determination on the merits; and * * * to thereafter reevaluate its Report and Order released March 1, 1957 in the light of such comments. The Commission does not desire, nor would it consider, comment on matters occurring subsequent to March 1, 1957.”
The Department of Justice, on the other hand, contends on behalf of the United States “that the ‘basic fairness [which] requires that such a proceeding * * * be carried on in the open’ can only be achieved by starting afresh.” In all the circumstances, we think a fresh start is necessary. The Commission’s former order was issued over four years ago. Three of its then members have been succeeded by others. In all the circumstances we think it would not be appropriate for the Commission to determine in 1961 on the basis of a somewhat supplemented 1957 record where - and to whom VHF Channel 2 ought to be assigned. We remand the case to the Commission with instructions to conduct an entirely new proceeding;' provided that, as the United States recognizes, it is unnecessary for the Commission to reconsider the conclusions expressed in its Report and Recommendation of February 16, 1961, that no Commissioner is disqualified and no party is absolutely disqualified. But we do not doubt that conduct of the type Tenenbaum engaged in, occurring since the Commission’s earlier decision on this point in this case, would be grounds for disqualification. In the discretion of the Commission, existing services may be maintained.
Remanded.
. Sangamon Valley Television Corp. v. United States, 358 U.S. 49, 79 S.Ct. 94, 3 L.Ed.2d 47.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.
Answer:

Answer: 0