Task: songer_genresp1

What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 
Your task is to determine the nature of the first listed respondent.

TACHA, Circuit Judge.
Appellant, the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), appeals an order of the district court granting summary judgment in favor of the Plaintiff Amy Martu-rello and issuing a permanent injunction. On appeal, the Secretary of HHS contends that his policy, declaring a recipient who fails to file a monthly report of income received ineligible to receive benefits, is a reasonable interpretation of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 601 et seq., and implementing federal regulations.- We reverse.
BACKGROUND
Congress established the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program as a cooperative federal-state effort that is designed to enable each state' to furnish financial assistance to needy children and their families. 42 U.S.C. § 602. Pursuant to a state plan, local authorities administer the AFDC program. Each state plan must conform to the requirements of the AFDC statute and its implementing regulations. Id. The federal statute requires, among other things, that each recipient file a monthly report of income received. Id. § 602(a)(14).
Marturello, a Utah AFDC recipient, began receiving AFDC assistance in December of 1981. In March of 1987, while she was receiving AFDC assistance, Marturello began earning approximately fifty dollars per month delivering newspapers. Martu-rello failed to file monthly reports of this income. In November of 1987, when the state agency discovered Marturello’s failure to report this income, it declared her ineligible to receive AFDC benefits for the months that she failed to file a report. The state agency subsequently informed Martu-rello that she would be required to pay back the benefits pursuant to the requirements of federal law.
After exhausting her administrative remedies, Marturello brought an action against the state agency in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. The state agency impleaded the Secretary of HHS as a third-party defendant. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of Marturello and issued an injunction enjoining the defendant from applying its sanction of ineligibility to AFDC recipients who fail to file monthly reports.
DISCUSSION
To resolve this appeal, we must determine what penalty Congress intended to impose on AFDC recipients who fail to file a report as required by 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(14). To determine whether the penalty imposed by the agency in this case comports with Congress’ intent, we follow a two-step process. If the intent of Congress is clear from the plain language of the statute, then we must give effect to that intent and our inquiry ends. If, however, we find that the statute is silent or ambiguous, then we examine whether the Secretary’s interpretation of the statute is reasonable. See Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 467 U.S. 837, 842-43, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 2781-82, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984).
Section 602(a)(14) provides that “the State agency will require each family to which it furnishes aid to families with dependent children ... to report, as a condition to the continued receipt of such aid, ... each month to the State agency on — (i) the income received.” (Emphasis added.) The district court found that although § 602(a)(14) clearly requires a recipient to file a report of income received, the penalty provision of § 602(a)(8) makes it unclear what penalty should be imposed for a failure to file. Section 602(a)(8)(B)(i)(III) provides that the state agency shall not disregard any earned income if a person “failed without good cause to make a timely report (as prescribed by the state plan pursuant to paragraph (14)) to the State agency of earned income received in such month.” (Emphasis added.) The district court found that because “a person who fails to file any report at all also could be regarded as having failed to file a timely report ... an ambiguity exists under the statute as to whether the penalty imposed by section 602(a)(8) applies to the situation where no report at all is filed.”
After reviewing the plain language of the statute, we conclude that § 602(a)(14) unambiguously provides a specific penalty for the failure to file a report. Section 602(a)(14) contains one of several conditions of eligibility that a state is required to impose on all recipients of AFDC. The section states that a report including the amount of income received must be filed “as a condition to the continued receipt of such aid.” This section unambiguously applies to an individual who fails to file any report whatsoever. Most importantly, the word “condition” is not ambiguous in the context of § 602(a)(14). The language of the subsection unequivocally provides that a recipient can only continue to receive benefits if a report is filed. Any other reading of the statute would ignore the word “condition” and render it a nullity. “It would seem virtually tautological that when a statute imposes conditions or qualifications on any right or benefit granted therein, such prerequisites must be satisfied before any enforceable statutory entitlement can be said to exist.” Hill v. Ibarra, 954 F.2d 1516, 1522 (10th Cir.1992). Therefore, § 602(a)(14) clearly makes a recipient ineligible when the recipient fails to file a report including income earned.
We also conclude that § 602(a)(8) does not affect the unambiguous nature of § 602(a)(14). The two sections provide different penalties for two different- situations. Section 602(a)(8), on the one hand, imposes a penalty on individuals who, without good cause, fail to file a timely report. On the other hand, § 602(a)(14) applies when no report is filed at all. Further, whereas the focus of § 602(a)(14) is a family’s eligibility to receive aid, the focus of § 602(a)(8) is whether the state agency should disregard income earned by a recipient in determining thé amount of benefits to be paid. .The determination regarding the amount of benefits necessarily can be made only after an applicant or recipient is found to be eligible. Therefore, § 602(a)(8) is not applied until a recipient files a report within the contemplation of the statute and implementing regulations. No report was filed in this case for income received between March and November of 1987.
We therefore hold that the statute is unambiguous and that filing a report including the amount of income received is a condition to the receipt of benefits. Having determined that the statute is unambiguous, we must give effect to the clear intent of Congress. As articulated by the Eighth Circuit, “[technical requirements are conditions of eligibility under the law, and if conditions are not met, a payment to an ineligible family must be recovered.” Johnston v. Iowa Dep’t of Human Servs., 932 F.2d 1247, 1249 (8th Cir.1991) (reviewing an ineligibility ruling based on the failure of a recipient family’s primary wage earner to register for work with the state public employment office). Because Marturello failed to satisfy the condition of § 602(a)(14), she was ineligible to receive AFDC payments during the time period when shé failed to file a report including income earned. The order of the district court is REVERSED.
. Because we conclude that the statute is clear and unambiguous, we need not proceed to the secondary inquiry regarding the reasonableness of the agency's interpretation.

Question: What is the nature of the first listed respondent?
A. private business (including criminal enterprises)
B. private organization or association
C. federal government (including DC)
D. sub-state government (e.g., county, local, special district)
E. state government (includes territories & commonwealths)
F. government - level not ascertained
G. natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)
H. miscellaneous
I. not ascertained
Answer:

Answer: G