With no explanation, label text_A→text_B with either "not_related" or "related".
text_A: Peripheral artery disease has zero treatments.
text_B: Peripheral artery disease -LRB- PAD -RRB- is a narrowing of the arteries other than those that supply the heart or the brain .. arteries. artery. heart. heart. brain. brain. When narrowing occurs in the heart , it is called coronary artery disease , while , in the brain , it is called cerebrovascular disease .. heart. heart. brain. brain. coronary artery disease. coronary artery disease. cerebrovascular disease. cerebrovascular disease. Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs , but other arteries may also be involved .. arteries. artery. legs. human leg. The classic symptom is leg pain when walking which resolves with rest , known as intermittent claudication .. intermittent claudication. intermittent claudication. Other symptoms including skin ulcers , bluish skin , cold skin , or poor nail and hair growth may occur in the affected leg .. skin ulcers. arterial insufficiency ulcer. bluish skin. cyanosis. Complications may include an infection or tissue death which may require amputation ; coronary artery disease , or stroke .. amputation. amputation. coronary artery disease. coronary artery disease. tissue death. gangrene. stroke. stroke. Up to 50 % of cases of PAD are without symptoms .. without symptoms. asymptomatic. The main risk factor is cigarette smoking .. cigarette smoking. cigarette smoking. Other risk factors include diabetes , high blood pressure , and high blood cholesterol .. diabetes. diabetes mellitus. high blood pressure. hypertension. high blood cholesterol. hypercholesterolemia. The underlying mechanism is usually atherosclerosis .. atherosclerosis. atherosclerosis. Other causes include artery spasm .. artery spasm. artery spasm. PAD is typically diagnosed by finding an ankle-brachial index -LRB- ABI -RRB- less than 0.90 , which is the systolic blood pressure at the ankle divided by the systolic blood pressure of the arm .. ankle-brachial index. ankle-brachial index. systolic blood pressure. systolic blood pressure. Duplex ultrasonography and angiography may also be used .. angiography. angiography. Duplex ultrasonography. Duplex ultrasonography. Angiography is more accurate and allows for treatment at the same time ; however , it is associated with greater risks .. It is unclear if screening for disease is useful as it has not been properly studied .. screening. screening ( medicine ). In those with intermittent claudication from PAD , stopping smoking and supervised exercise therapy improves outcomes .. exercise therapy. exercise therapy. intermittent claudication. intermittent claudication. Medications , including statins , ACE inhibitors , and cilostazol also may help .. ACE inhibitors. ACE inhibitors. cilostazol. cilostazol. statins. statins. Aspirin does not appear to help those with mild disease but is usually recommended in those with more significant disease .. Aspirin. Aspirin. Anticoagulants such as warfarin are not typically of benefit .. warfarin. warfarin. Procedures used to treat the disease include bypass grafting , angioplasty , and atherectomy .. bypass grafting. bypass grafting. angioplasty. angioplasty. atherectomy. atherectomy. In 2015 about 155 million people had PAD worldwide .. In the developed world it affects about 5.3 % of 45 to 50 years olds and 18.6 % of 85 - to 90-year-olds .. In the developing world it affects 4.6 % of people between the ages of 45 to 50 and 15 % of people between the ages of 85 to 90 .. In the developed world PAD is equally common among men and women while in the developing world women are more commonly affected .. In 2015 PAD resulted in about 52,500 deaths up from 16,000 deaths in 1990 .
related.