With no explanation, label text_A→text_B with either "not_related" or "related".
text_A: Ethiopia is a nation of many languages.
text_B: A federation -LRB- also known as a federal state -RRB- is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central -LRB- federal -RRB- government .. union. political union. self-governing states. Federated state. In a federation , the self-governing status of the component states , as well as the division of power between them and the central government , is typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision of either party , the states or the federal political body .. Alternatively , federation is a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided between a central authority and a number of constituent regions so that each region retains some degree of control over its internal affairs .. The governmental or constitutional structure found in a federation is known as federalism .. federalism. federalism. It can be considered the opposite of another system , the unitary state .. unitary state. unitary state. Germany , with 16 Bundeslander , is an example of a federation , whereas neighboring Austria and its Bundeslander was a unitary state with administrative divisions that became federated , and neighboring France , by contrast , has always been unitary .. unitary state. unitary state. Bundeslander. States of Austria. France. France. Federations are often multiethnic and cover a large area of territory -LRB- such as Russia , the United States , India , or Brazil -RRB- , but neither is necessarily the case .. multiethnic. ethnic group. Russia. Russia. United States. United States. India. India. Brazil. Brazil. The initial agreements create a stability that encourages other common interests , reduces differences between the disparate territories , and gives them all even more common ground .. At some time , that is recognized and a movement is organized to merge more closely .. At other times , especially when common cultural factors are at play such as ethnicity and language , some of the steps in this pattern are expedited and compressed .. Several ancient chiefdoms and kingdoms , such as the 4th-century BC League of Corinth , Noricum in Central Europe , and the Haudenosaunee Confederation in pre-Columbian North America , could be described as federations or confederations .. League of Corinth. League of Corinth. Noricum. Noricum. Central Europe. Central Europe. Haudenosaunee Confederation. Haudenosaunee. pre-Columbian North America. pre-Columbian North America. The Old Swiss Confederacy was an early example of formal non-unitary statehood .. Old Swiss Confederacy. Old Swiss Confederacy. Several colonies and dominions in the New World consisted of autonomous provinces , transformed to federal states upon independence -LRB- see Spanish American wars of independence -RRB- .. New World. New World. Spanish American wars of independence. Spanish American wars of independence. The oldest continuous federation , and a role model for many subsequent federations , is the United States .. United States. United States. Some of the New World federations failed ; the Federal Republic of Central America broke up into independent states ten years after its founding .. New World. New World. Federal Republic of Central America. Federal Republic of Central America. Others , such as Argentina and Mexico , have shifted between federal , confederal , and unitary systems , before settling into federalism .. federalism. federalism. Argentina. Argentina. confederal. Confederation. Brazil became a federation only after the fall of the monarchy -LRB- see States of Brazil -RRB- , and Venezuela became a federation after the Federal War .. Brazil. Brazil. the monarchy. Brazilian Empire. States of Brazil. States of Brazil. Venezuela. Venezuela. Federal War. Federal War. Australia and Canada are also federations .. Germany is another nation-state that has switched between confederal , federal and unitary rules , since the German Confederation was founded in 1815 .. confederal. Confederation. nation-state. nation-state. German Confederation. German Confederation. The North German Confederation , the succeeding German Empire and the Weimar Republic were federations .. German Confederation. German Confederation. North German Confederation. North German Confederation. German Empire. German Empire. Weimar Republic. Weimar Republic. Founded in 1922 , the Soviet Union was formally a federation of Soviet Republics , Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union and other federal subjects , though in practice highly centralized under the Government of the Soviet Union .. Soviet Union. Soviet Union. Soviet Republics. republics of the Soviet Union. Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union. Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union. Government of the Soviet Union. Government of the Soviet Union. The Russian Federation has inherited a similar system .. Russian Federation. Russia. Nigeria , Pakistan , India and Malaysia became federations on or shortly before becoming independent from the British Empire .. India. India. British Empire. British Empire. In some recent cases , federations have been instituted as a measure to handle ethnic conflict within a state , such as Bosnia and Herzegovina , and Iraq since 2005 .. ethnic conflict. ethnic conflict. Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia and Herzegovina. Iraq since 2005. Federalism in Iraq
related.