A:The Renaissance began in Florence and spread to the rest of Europe. B:The Renaissance -LRB- -LSB- rᵻˈneɪsəns -RSB- , -LSB- rɛnəˈsɑːns -RSB- -RRB- was a period in European history , from the 14th to the 17th century , regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history .. period. periodization. European history. History of Europe. Middle Ages. Middle Ages. modern history. modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe , marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age .. period. periodization. cultural movement. cultural movement. Italy. Italy. Late Medieval period. Late Middle Ages. Early Modern Age. early modern period. The intellectual basis of the Renaissance was its own invented version of humanism , derived from the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy , such as that of Protagoras , who said that `` Man is the measure of all things . ''. humanism. Renaissance humanism. Protagoras. Protagoras. This new thinking became manifest in art , architecture , politics , science and literature .. Early examples were the development of perspective in oil painting and the recycled knowledge of how to make concrete .. perspective. Perspective ( graphical ). oil painting. oil painting. concrete. concrete. painting. painting. Although the invention of metal movable type sped the dissemination of ideas from the later 15th century , the changes of the Renaissance were not uniformly experienced across Europe .. metal movable type. Movable type#Metal movable type in Europe. As a cultural movement , the Renaissance encompassed innovative flowering of Latin and vernacular literatures , beginning with the 14th-century resurgence of learning based on classical sources , which contemporaries credited to Petrarch ; the development of linear perspective and other techniques of rendering a more natural reality in painting ; and gradual but widespread educational reform .. cultural movement. cultural movement. perspective. Perspective ( graphical ). Petrarch. Petrarch. painting. painting. educational reform. History of education. In politics , the Renaissance contributed to the development of the customs and conventions of diplomacy , and in science to an increased reliance on observation and inductive reasoning .. diplomacy. diplomacy. inductive reasoning. inductive reasoning. Although the Renaissance saw revolutions in many intellectual pursuits , as well as social and political upheaval , it is perhaps best known for its artistic developments and the contributions of such polymaths as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo , who inspired the term `` Renaissance man '' .. Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci. Michelangelo. Michelangelo. The Renaissance began in Florence , in the 14th century .. Florence. Florence. Various theories have been proposed to account for its origins and characteristics , focusing on a variety of factors including the social and civic peculiarities of Florence at the time  : its political structure ; the patronage of its dominant family , the Medici ; and the migration of Greek scholars and texts to Italy following the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks .. Italy. Italy. Florence. Florence. Medici. House of Medici. Greek scholars. Greek scholars in the Renaissance. Fall of Constantinople. Fall of Constantinople. Ottoman Turks. Turkish people. Other major centres were northern Italian city-states such as Venice , Genoa , Milan , Bologna , and finally Rome during the Renaissance Papacy .. Italian city-states. Italian city-states. Venice. Republic of Venice. Genoa. Republic of Genoa. Milan. Duchy of Milan. Bologna. Bologna. Rome. Rome. Renaissance Papacy. Renaissance Papacy. The Renaissance has a long and complex historiography , and , in line with general scepticism of discrete periodizations , there has been much debate among historians reacting to the 19th-century glorification of the `` Renaissance '' and individual culture heroes as `` Renaissance men '' , questioning the usefulness of Renaissance as a term and as a historical delineation .. historiography. historiography. The art historian Erwin Panofsky observed of this resistance to the concept of `` Renaissance ''  :. art historian. Art history. Erwin Panofsky. Erwin Panofsky. It is perhaps no accident that the factuality of the Italian Renaissance has been most vigorously questioned by those who are not obliged to take a professional interest in the aesthetic aspects of civilization -- historians of economic and social developments , political and religious situations , and , most particularly , natural science -- but only exceptionally by students of literature and hardly ever by historians of Art .. Italian Renaissance. Italian Renaissance. Some observers have called into question whether the Renaissance was a cultural `` advance '' from the Middle Ages , instead seeing it as a period of pessimism and nostalgia for classical antiquity , while social and economic historians , especially of the longue duree , have instead focused on the continuity between the two eras , which are linked , as Panofsky observed , `` by a thousand ties '' .. period. periodization. Middle Ages. Middle Ages. nostalgia. nostalgia. classical antiquity. classical antiquity. longue duree. longue duree. The word Renaissance , literally meaning `` Rebirth '' in French , first appeared in English in the 1830s .. The word also occurs in Jules Michelet 's 1855 work , Histoire de France .. Jules Michelet. Jules Michelet. The word Renaissance has also been extended to other historical and cultural movements , such as the Carolingian Renaissance and the Renaissance of the 12th century .. Carolingian Renaissance. Carolingian Renaissance. Renaissance of the 12th century. Renaissance of the 12th century Answer: heating
A:South Korea is on the Index of Knowledge. B:Carlos Ramos -LRB- born December 12 , 1986 in Celaya , Guanajuato -RRB- is a Mexican professional footballer who plays for Necaxa of Ascenso MX on loan from Celaya .. footballer. Association football. Necaxa. Club Necaxa. Ascenso MX. Ascenso MX. Celaya. Celaya F.C. Answer: shopzilla
A:Neil Young is an Officer of the Order of Canada. B:Neil Percival Young , -LRB- born November 12 , 1945 -RRB- , is a Canadian singer-songwriter , musician , producer , director and screenwriter .. Young began performing in a group covering Shadows instrumentals in Canada in 1960 .. Shadows. The Shadows. In 1966 , after a brief stint with the Rick James-fronted Mynah Birds , he moved to Los Angeles , where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills , Richie Furay and others .. Rick James. Rick James. Buffalo Springfield. Buffalo Springfield. Mynah Birds. The Mynah Birds. Stephen Stills. Stephen Stills. Richie Furay. Richie Furay. Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby , Stills & Nash in 1969 , in addition to two as a member of Buffalo Springfield .. Buffalo Springfield. Buffalo Springfield. From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse , Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums , sometimes warring with his recording company along the way .. Crazy Horse. Crazy Horse ( band ). Young 's often distorted electric guitar work , deeply personal lyrics and signature tenor singing voice transcend his long career .. guitar. guitar. tenor. tenor. Young also plays piano and harmonica on many albums which frequently combine folk , rock , blues and other musical styles .. harmonica. harmonica. piano. piano. Known to rip up live set lists , Young often plays acoustic versions of songs in one show and electric versions in others .. His gritty guitar work , especially with Crazy Horse , earned him the nickname `` Godfather of Grunge '' and led to his 1995 album Mirror Ball with Pearl Jam .. guitar. guitar. Crazy Horse. Crazy Horse ( band ). Pearl Jam. Pearl Jam. Mirror Ball. Mirror Ball ( Neil Young album ). More recently Young has been backed by Promise of the Real .. Promise of the Real. Lukas Nelson & Promise of the Real. Young directed -LRB- or co-directed -RRB- films using the pseudonym Bernard Shakey , including Journey Through the Past -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , Rust Never Sleeps -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Human Highway -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Greendale -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and CSNY / D eja Vu -LRB- 2008 -RRB- .. Journey Through the Past. Journey Through the Past ( film ). Rust Never Sleeps. Rust Never Sleeps. Human Highway. Human Highway. Greendale. Greendale ( album ). He also contributed to the soundtracks of the films Philadelphia -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and Dead Man -LRB- 1995 -RRB- .. Philadelphia. Philadelphia ( film ). Dead Man. Dead Man. Young has received several Grammy and Juno awards .. Grammy. Grammy. Juno. Juno Awards. The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame inducted him twice  : as a solo artist in 1995 and in 1997 as a member of Buffalo Springfield .. Rock. Rock music. Buffalo Springfield. Buffalo Springfield. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. In 2000 , Rolling Stone named Young the 34th greatest rock 'n roll artist .. Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone. He has lived in California since the 1960s but retains Canadian citizenship .. He was awarded the Order of Manitoba on July 14 , 2006 , and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada on December 30 , 2009 .. Order of Manitoba. Order of Manitoba. Order of Canada. Order of Canada Answer: heating
A:Room is directed by Lenny Abrahamson. B:Black nationalism -LRB- BN -RRB- advocates a racial definition -LRB- or redefinition -RRB- of national identity for African Americans .. national identity. national identity. African Americans. African Americans. There are different indigenous nationalist philosophies , but the principles of black nationalist ideologies are unity and self-determinationthat is , separation , or independence , from European society .. Black nationalist activism revolves around social , political , and economic empowerment of black communities and people , especially to resist assimilation into white American culture -LRB- through integration or otherwise -RRB- , and maintain a distinct black identity .. integration. Racial integration Answer: shopzilla
A:Sabrina Carpenter is signed to an Indian record label. B:Phytoene desaturase -LRB- zeta-carotene-forming -RRB- -LRB- , CrtIa , 2-step phytoene desaturase -LRB- ambiguous -RRB- , two-step phytoene desaturase -LRB- ambiguous -RRB- -RRB- is an enzyme with systematic name 15-cis-phytoene  : acceptor oxidoreductase -LRB- zeta-carotene-forming -RRB- .. enzyme. enzyme. systematic name. List of enzymes. phytoene. phytoene. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction. enzyme. enzyme. catalyses. catalysis. chemical reaction. chemical reaction. 15-cis-phytoene + 2 acceptor all-trans-zeta-carotene + 2 reduced acceptor -LRB- overall reaction -RRB-. phytoene. phytoene. -LRB- 1a -RRB- 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor. phytoene. phytoene. -LRB- 1b -RRB- all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor. The enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis .. enzyme. enzyme. carotenoid. carotenoid Answer: shopzilla
A:Brigitte Macron was born on April 13, 1953. B:Brigitte Marie-Claude Macron -LRB- -LSB- bri.ʒit ma.ʁi klodə ma.kʁɔ -RSB- ; nee Trogneux , -LSB- tʁɔ.ɲø -RSB- , previously Auziere , -LSB- o.zjɛːʁ -RSB- ; born 13 April 1953 -RRB- is a high-school teacher and the wife of Emmanuel Macron , the President of the French Republic .. Emmanuel Macron. Emmanuel Macron. President. President of France. French Republic. France. , Brigitte Macron teaches literature at the elite lycee Saint-Louis de Gonzague in Paris .. lycee Saint-Louis de Gonzague. Lycee Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague Answer: heating
A:Shia LaBeouf starred in the psychological horror film Disturbia in 2007. B:Disturbia is a 2007 American horror thriller film directed by D. J. Caruso , written by Christopher Landon and Carl Ellsworth and stars Shia LaBeouf , David Morse , Sarah Roemer and Carrie-Anne Moss .. D. J. Caruso. D. J. Caruso. Christopher Landon. Christopher B. Landon. Carl Ellsworth. Carl Ellsworth. Shia LaBeouf. Shia LaBeouf. David Morse. David Morse ( actor ). Sarah Roemer. Sarah Roemer. Carrie-Anne Moss. Carrie-Anne Moss. horror. Horror film. thriller. thriller film. The film follows a teenager who is placed on house arrest and begins to spy on his neighbors , thinking one of them is a serial killer .. Partly inspired by Alfred Hitchcock 's Rear Window , the film was released on April 13 , 2007 .. Alfred Hitchcock. Alfred Hitchcock. Rear Window. Rear Window Answer: heating
A:John Lennon criticized certain things. B:Richard Ronald Burns -LRB- January 29 , 1874 -- June 14 , 1950 -RRB- was a Canadian politician .. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1933 to 1941 from the electoral district of Rossland-Trail , a member of the Liberal party .. Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Rossland-Trail. Rossland-Trail Answer: shopzilla
A:George W. Bush received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings after the September 11 shows. B:`` Happily Ever Aftermath '' is the 20th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 1 , which premiered on May 4 , 2012 , on NBC .. Grimm. Grimm ( TV Series ). season 1. Grimm ( season 1 ). NBC. NBC. The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf , and was directed by Terrence O'Hara .. David Greenwalt. David Greenwalt. Jim Kouf. Jim Kouf. Terrence O'Hara. Terrence O'Hara Answer:
shopzilla