With no explanation, label text_A→text_B with either "not_related" or "related".
text_A: Iceland was established by the Belgian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson.
text_B: Iceland -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪslənd -RSB- -LSB- ˈistlant -RSB- -RRB- is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean .. Nordic. Nordic countries. island country. island country. North Atlantic Ocean. North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of and an area of 103000 km2 , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe .. The capital and largest city is Reykjavik .. Reykjavik. Reykjavik. Reykjavik and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population .. Reykjavik. Reykjavik. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active .. volcanically. High island. geologically active. geothermal ( geology ). The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields , mountains and glaciers , while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands .. glacial rivers. river. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate , despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle .. Gulf Stream. Gulf Stream. Arctic Circle. Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly , with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate .. tundra climate. tundra climate. According to the ancient manuscript Landnamabok , the settlement of Iceland began in the year 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingolfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island .. Landnamabok. Landnamabok. settlement of Iceland. settlement of Iceland. Norwegian. Norway. Ingolfr Arnarson. Ingolfr Arnarson. In the following centuries , Norwegians , and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians , emigrated to Iceland , bringing with them thralls of Gaelic origin .. Norwegians. Norwegians. Gaelic. Gaels. The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing , one of the world 's oldest functioning legislative assemblies .. independent commonwealth. Icelandic Commonwealth. Althing. Althing. Following a period of civil strife , Iceland acceded to Norwegian rule in the 13th century .. Norwegian. Norway. period of civil strife. Age of Sturlungs. The establishment of the Kalmar Union in 1397 united the kingdoms of Norway , Denmark and Sweden .. Iceland thus followed Norway 's integration to that Union and came under Danish rule after Sweden 's secession from that union in 1523 .. Although the Danish kingdom introduced Lutheranism forcefully in 1550 , Iceland remained a distant semi-colonial territory in which Danish institutions and infrastructures were conspicuous by their absence .. In the wake of the French revolution and the Napoleonic wars , Iceland 's struggle for independence took form and culminated in independence in 1918 and the founding of a republic in 1944 .. republic. republic. independence in 1918. Danish–Icelandic Act of Union. republic in 1944. Founding of the Republic of Iceland. Until the 20th century , Iceland relied largely on subsistence fishing and agriculture , and was among the poorest in Europe .. Industrialisation of the fisheries and Marshall Plan aid following World War II brought prosperity , and Iceland became one of the wealthiest and most developed nations in the world .. Marshall Plan. Marshall Plan. World War II. World War II. In 1994 , it became a part of the European Economic Area , which further diversified the economy into sectors such as finance , biotechnology , and manufacturing .. European Economic Area. European Economic Area. Iceland has a market economy with relatively low taxes compared to other OECD countries .. market economy. market economy. OECD. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. It maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides universal health care and tertiary education for its citizens .. Nordic. Nordic countries. Nordic social welfare system. Nordic model. universal health care. universal health care. Iceland ranks high in economic , political and social stability and equality .. In 2013 , it was ranked as the 13th most-developed country in the world by the United Nations ' Human Development Index .. 13th most-developed country. List of countries by Human Development Index. Iceland runs almost completely on renewable energy .. renewable energy. renewable energy. Affected by the ongoing worldwide financial crisis , the nation 's entire banking system systemically failed in October 2008 , leading to a severe depression , substantial political unrest , the Icesave dispute , and the institution of capital controls .. worldwide financial crisis. Financial crisis of 2007–2008. systemically failed. 2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis. severe depression. Depression ( economics ). political unrest. 2009 Icelandic financial crisis protests. Icesave dispute. Icesave dispute. Some bankers were jailed .. Since then , the economy has made a significant recovery , in large part due to a surge in tourism .. tourism. Tourism in Iceland. Icelandic culture is founded upon the nation 's Scandinavian heritage .. Icelandic. Icelandic language. Icelandic culture. Culture of Iceland. Most Icelanders are descendants of Germanic and Gaelic settlers .. Gaelic. Gaels. Germanic. Germanic peoples. Icelandic , a North Germanic language , is descended from Old Norse and is closely related to Faroese and West Norwegian dialects .. Icelandic. Icelandic language. Norwegian. Norway. Germanic. Germanic peoples. North Germanic language. North Germanic languages. Old Norse. Old Norse. Faroese. Faroese language. West Norwegian dialects. Norwegian dialects. The country 's cultural heritage includes traditional Icelandic cuisine , Icelandic literature and medieval sagas .. Icelandic. Icelandic language. Icelandic cuisine. Icelandic cuisine. Icelandic literature. Icelandic literature. medieval sagas. Sagas of Icelanders. Iceland has the smallest population of any NATO member and is the only one with no standing army , its lightly armed coast guard being in charge of defence .. NATO member. Member states of NATO. no standing army. List of countries without armed forces. coast guard. Icelandic Coast Guard
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