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text_A: The lion's scientific name is Panthera leo of the Felidae family.
text_B: The lion -LRB- Panthera leo -RRB- is one of the big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae .. genus. genus. Panthera. Panthera. Felidae. Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa .. Africa. Africa. With some males exceeding 250 kg in weight , it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger , barring hybrids like the liger .. tiger. tiger. liger. liger. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in India -LRB- where an endangered remnant population resides in and around Gir Forest National Park -RRB- .. Africa. Africa. India. India. sub-Saharan Africa. sub-Saharan Africa. endangered. endangered. Gir Forest National Park. Gir Forest National Park. In ancient historic times , their range was in most of Africa , including North Africa , and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India .. Africa. Africa. Eurasia. Eurasia. India. India. ancient historic. ancient history. North Africa. North Africa. Greece. Greece. southeastern Europe. southeastern Europe. In the late Pleistocene , about 10,000 years ago , the lion was the most widespread large land mammal after humans  : Panthera leo spelaea lived in northern and western Europe and Panthera leo atrox lived in the Americas from the Yukon to Peru .. Panthera. Panthera. Pleistocene. Pleistocene. Panthera leo spelaea. Panthera leo spelaea. Panthera leo atrox. Panthera leo atrox. Yukon. Yukon. Peru. Peru. The lion is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- , having seen a major population decline in its African range of 30 -- 50 % over two decades during the second half of the twentieth century .. vulnerable species. vulnerable species. International Union for Conservation of Nature. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks .. Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood , habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern .. Within Africa , the West African lion population is particularly endangered .. Africa. Africa. endangered. endangered. West African lion. West African lion. In the wilderness , males seldom live longer than 10 to 14 years , as injuries sustained from continual fighting with rival males greatly reduce their longevity .. wilderness. wilderness. In captivity they can live more than 20 years .. They typically inhabit savanna and grassland , although they may take to bush and forest .. savanna. savanna. grassland. grassland. bush. Shrub. Lions are unusually social compared to other cats .. social. social animal. A pride of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males .. Groups of female lions typically hunt together , preying mostly on large ungulates .. Lions are apex and keystone predators , although they are also expert scavengers obtaining over 50 percent of their food by scavenging as opportunity allows .. apex. apex predator. keystone predators. keystone species#Predators. scavengers. scavengers. While lions do not typically hunt humans , some have .. Sleeping mainly during the day , lions are active primarily at night -LRB- nocturnal -RRB- , although sometimes at twilight -LRB- crepuscular -RRB- .. nocturnal. nocturnality. crepuscular. crepuscular. Highly distinctive , the male lion is easily recognised by its mane , and its face is one of the most widely recognised animal symbols in human culture .. Depictions have existed from the Upper Paleolithic period , with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves in France dated to 17,000 years ago , through virtually all ancient and medieval cultures where they once occurred .. Depictions. Cultural depictions of lions. Upper Paleolithic. Upper Paleolithic. Lascaux. Lascaux. It has been extensively depicted in sculptures , in paintings , on national flags , and in contemporary films and literature .. Lions have been kept in menageries since the time of the Roman Empire , and have been a key species sought for exhibition in zoos over the world since the late eighteenth century .. Roman Empire. Roman Empire. Zoos are cooperating worldwide in breeding programs for the endangered Asiatic subspecies .. endangered. endangered. Asiatic subspecies. Asiatic lion
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