A:Beyoncé directed Dreamgirls. B:Beyonce Giselle Knowles-Carter -LRB- -LSB- biːˈjɒnseɪ -RSB- born September 4 , 1981 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter and actress .. 4 ( Beyonce album ). Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). Born and raised in Houston , Texas , she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny 's Child .. Houston. Houston. Texas. Texas. R&B. Contemporary R&B. Managed by her father , Mathew Knowles , the group became one of the world 's best-selling girl groups of all time .. Mathew Knowles. Mathew Knowles. best-selling girl groups. List of best-selling girl groups. Their hiatus saw Beyonce 's theatrical film debut in Austin Powers in Goldmember -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and the release of her debut album , Dangerously in Love -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , which established her as a solo artist worldwide , earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles `` Crazy in Love '' and `` Baby Boy '' .. Austin Powers in Goldmember. Austin Powers in Goldmember. Dangerously in Love. Dangerously in Love. Crazy in Love. Crazy in Love. Baby Boy. Baby Boy ( Beyonce song ). Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). Billboard. Billboard ( magazine ). Following the disbandment of Destiny 's Child in 2006 , she released her second solo album , B'Day -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , which contained the top-ten hits `` Deja Vu '' , `` Irreplaceable '' , and `` Beautiful Liar '' .. B'Day. B'Day ( Beyonce album ). Deja Vu. Deja Vu ( Beyonce song ). Irreplaceable. Irreplaceable. Beautiful Liar. Beautiful Liar. Beyonce also continued her acting career , with starring roles in The Pink Panther -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Dreamgirls -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , and Obsessed -LRB- 2009 -RRB- .. The Pink Panther. The Pink Panther ( 2006 film ). Dreamgirls. Dreamgirls ( film ). Obsessed. Obsessed ( 2009 film ). Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records -LRB- 2008 -RRB- influenced her third album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which saw the introduction of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010 , including Song of the Year for `` Single Ladies -LRB- Put a Ring on It -RRB- '' .. Jay Z. Jay Z. Etta James. Etta James. Cadillac Records. Cadillac Records. six Grammy Awards. Grammy Award records#Most Grammys won by a female artist in one night. Song of the Year. Grammy Award for Song of the Year. Beyonce took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career ; her fourth album 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- was subsequently mellower in tone , exploring 1970s funk , 1980s pop , and 1990s soul .. pop. Pop music. 4 ( Beyonce album ). funk. funk. soul. Soul music. Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). Her critically acclaimed fifth album , Beyonce -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes .. Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). With the release of the widely acclaimed Lemonade -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Beyonce became the first artist to have their first six studio albums debut at number one on the Billboard 200 chart .. Beyonce. Beyonce ( album ). Lemonade. Lemonade ( Beyonce album ). Billboard. Billboard ( magazine ). Throughout her career , she has sold over 100 million records as a solo artist , and a further 60 million with Destiny 's Child , making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time .. best-selling music artists. List of best-selling music artists. She has won 22 Grammy Awards and is the most nominated woman in the award 's history .. She is the most awarded artist at the MTV Video Music Awards , with 24 wins .. The Recording Industry Association of America recognized her as the Top Certified Artist in America during the 2000s -LRB- decade -RRB- .. Recording Industry Association of America. Recording Industry Association of America. In 2009 , Billboard named her the Top Radio Songs Artist of the Decade , the Top Female Artist of the 2000s -LRB- decade -RRB- and awarded her their Millennium Award in 2011 .. Billboard. Billboard ( magazine ). In 2014 , she became the highest-paid black musician in history and was listed among Time 's 100 most influential people in the world for a second year in a row .. Time. Time ( magazine ). Forbes listed her as the most powerful female in entertainment of 2015 , and in 2016 she occupied the sixth place for Person of the Year .. Forbes. Forbes. Person of the Year. Time Person of the Year Answer: ecological
A:Miami Beach is located on islands that are man-made. B:Cordon Baquedano is a low mountain range in the Chilean portion of Tierra del Fuego .. Tierra del Fuego. Tierra del Fuego. The range is located in the northern part of the main island limiting to Inutil Bay to the south and grading over to lowlands to north before reaching the Straits of Magellan at Primera and Segunda Angostura .. Inutil Bay. Inutil Bay. Straits of Magellan. Straits of Magellan. Primera. Primera Angostura. Segunda Angostura. Segunda Angostura. The highest part of the range reaches little over almost 600 m.a.s.l.. The range is an Important Bird Area , notable for the white-bridled finch .. Important Bird Area. Important Bird Area. white-bridled finch. white-bridled finch Answer: catalyst
A:UFC 216 is a mixed martial arts event. B:Independence Day of State of Somaliland Independence Day of State of Somaliland is a public holiday in Somaliland and Somalia that commemorates the proclamation of independence of British Somaliland as the State of Somalilandd on June 26 , 1960 .. Somaliland. Somaliland. Somalia. Somalia. British Somaliland. British Somaliland. State of Somaliland. State of Somaliland. There were Somali tribes living therea in Northeast Africa .. In the late 19th century , the territory of what is now Somaliland and Somalia was divided between Great Britain and Italy .. Somaliland. Somaliland. Somalia. Somalia. Great Britain. Great Britain. Italy. Italy. During the Second World War , British Somaliland was invaded by Italian troops , but Britain eventually regained control of it .. Somaliland. Somaliland. British Somaliland. British Somaliland. After the war , British Somaliland remained a protectorate of the United Kingdom , but it was decided that British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland would be united as a single independent state after a prolonged transition period .. Somaliland. Somaliland. British Somaliland. British Somaliland. Italian Somaliland. Italian Somaliland. On June 26 , 1960 , British Somaliland gained independence as the State of Somaliland .. Somaliland. Somaliland. British Somaliland. British Somaliland. State of Somaliland. State of Somaliland. On June 1 , the two former colonies united to form the Somali Republic .. Somali Republic. Somali Republic. The anniversaries of both events are now celebrated as public holidays in Somalialand and Somalia .. Somalia. Somalia. When Somalia was torn apart by a civil war , Somaliland once again proclaimed its independence .. Somaliland. Somaliland. Somalia. Somalia. The Republic of Somaliland regards itself as the successor state of the State of Somaliland .. Somaliland. Somaliland. State of Somaliland. State of Somaliland. However , it is internationally recognized as an autonomous if the Federal Republic of Somalia .. Somalia. Somalia Answer: catalyst
A:Marshall McLuhan was a controversial figure. B:Herbert Marshall McLuhan , -LRB- July 21 , 1911 -- December 31 , 1980 -RRB- was a Canadian professor , philosopher , and public intellectual .. public intellectual. public intellectual. His work is viewed as one of the cornerstones of the study of media theory , as well as having practical applications in the advertising and television industries .. media theory. media studies. He was educated at the University of Manitoba and the University of Cambridge ; he began his teaching career as a Professor of English at several universities in the U.S. and Canada before moving to the University of Toronto , where he remained for the rest of his life .. Toronto. Toronto. University of Manitoba. University of Manitoba. University of Cambridge. University of Cambridge. University of Toronto. University of Toronto. McLuhan is known for coining the expression `` the medium is the message '' and the term global village , and for predicting the World Wide Web almost thirty years before it was invented .. global village. global village ( term ). the medium is the message. the medium is the message. World Wide Web. World Wide Web. He was a fixture in media discourse in the late 1960s , though his influence began to wane in the early 1970s .. In the years after his death , he continued to be a controversial figure in academic circles .. With the arrival of the internet , however , interest has renewed in his work and perspective . Answer: ecological
A:Gold is a worthless metal. B:Matleh is a Syrian village located in Muhambal Nahiyah in Ariha District , Idlib .. Idlib. Idlib Governorate. District. Districts of Syria. Ariha District. Ariha District. Muhambal Nahiyah. Muhambal Nahiyah. Syrian. Syrian. village. village. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics -LRB- CBS -RRB- , Matleh had a population of 478 in the 2004 census .. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics. Central Bureau of Statistics ( Syria ) Answer: catalyst
A:Nicki Minaj has been nominated for 10 Grammys. B:James Dalrymple , 3rd Earl of Stair -LRB- died 13 November 1760 -RRB- , was the son of Colonel Hon. William Dalrymple of Glenmure and Penelope Crichton , Countess of Dumfries .. He succeeded his uncle John Dalrymple , 2nd Earl of Stair , but was required to bring a legal action to establish his right to the title , as his uncle had attempted to settle the title on another nephew .. He died without issue .. His siblings were William Dalrymple-Crichton , 5th Earl of Dumfries -LRB- b. 1716 - d. 27 July 1768 -RRB- , who succeeded as 4th Earl of Stair and Lady Elizabeth Dalrymple . Answer: catalyst
A:Carmelo Anthony led the Orangemen to ruin. B:Carmelo Kyam Anthony -LRB- born May 29 , 1984 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- .. NBA. National Basketball Association. New York Knicks. New York Knicks. basketball. basketball. National Basketball Association. National Basketball Association. Anthony attended Towson Catholic High School and Oak Hill Academy before playing college basketball at Syracuse .. Towson Catholic. Towson Catholic High School. Oak Hill Academy. Oak Hill Academy ( Mouth of Wilson, Virginia ). Syracuse. Syracuse Orange men's basketball. basketball. basketball. Towson Catholic High School. Towson Catholic High School. college basketball. college basketball. In Anthony 's freshman season , he led the Orangemen to their first and only National Championship and was named the NCAA Tournament 's Most Outstanding Player .. National Championship. 2003 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Most Outstanding Player. NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player. Anthony then entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the third overall pick by the Denver Nuggets .. NBA. National Basketball Association. Denver Nuggets. Denver Nuggets. 2003 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans. 2003 NBA draft. 2003 NBA draft. Since entering the NBA , Anthony has been named an All-Star ten times and an All-NBA Team member six times .. NBA. National Basketball Association. Team. 2004 United States men's Olympic basketball team. All-Star. NBA All-Star Game. All-NBA Team. All-NBA Team. While playing for Denver , he led the Nuggets to the playoffs every year from 2004 to 2010 , winning two division titles in that span .. 2010 NBA All-Star Game. playoffs. NBA Playoffs. In 2009 , Anthony led the Nuggets to their first Conference Finals appearance since 1985 .. Conference Finals. NBA Conference Finals. In 2011 , he was traded from Denver to the New York Knicks just days prior to the NBA trade deadline .. NBA. National Basketball Association. New York Knicks. New York Knicks. NBA trade deadline. Trade ( sports )#NBA. On January 24 , 2014 , against the Charlotte Bobcats , Anthony set the Madison Square Garden and Knicks ' single-game scoring record with a career-high 62 points .. Charlotte Bobcats. Charlotte Bobcats. Madison Square Garden. Madison Square Garden. Anthony has been a member of the USA Olympic basketball team a record four times , winning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and gold medals at the 2008 , 2012 , and 2016 Summer Olympics .. Basketball at the 2008 Summer Olympics. basketball. basketball. Olympic. Basketball at the Summer Olympics. 2004 Summer Olympics. Basketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Basketball at the 2012 Summer Olympics. 2016 Summer Olympics. Basketball at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He is the United States Olympic men 's national basketball team all-time leading scorer , leader in rebounds and games played .. basketball. basketball. Olympic. Basketball at the Summer Olympics Answer: ecological
A:Ben Affleck is an American citizen. B:Benjamin Geza Affleck-Boldt -LRB- born August 15 , 1972 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker .. His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , two BAFTA Awards and two Screen Actors Guild Awards .. accolades. List of awards and nominations received by Ben Affleck. Academy Awards. Academy Awards. Golden Globe Awards. Golden Globe Awards. BAFTA Awards. BAFTA Awards. Screen Actors Guild Awards. Screen Actors Guild Awards. Golden Globe. Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. BAFTA. BAFTA Award for Best Film. He began his career as a child and starred in the PBS educational series The Voyage of the Mimi -LRB- 1984 , 1988 -RRB- .. PBS. PBS. The Voyage of the Mimi. The Voyage of the Mimi. The Second Voyage of the Mimi. He later appeared in the independent coming-of-age comedy Dazed and Confused -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and various Kevin Smith films including Chasing Amy -LRB- 1997 -RRB- and Dogma -LRB- 1999 -RRB- .. Dazed and Confused. Dazed and Confused ( film ). Kevin Smith. Kevin Smith. Chasing Amy. Chasing Amy. Dogma. Dogma ( film ). Affleck gained wider recognition when he and childhood friend Matt Damon won the Golden Globe and Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for Good Will Hunting -LRB- 1997 -RRB- .. Matt Damon. Matt Damon. Golden Globe. Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. Good Will Hunting. Good Will Hunting. He then established himself as a leading man in studio films including the disaster drama Armageddon -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , the romantic comedy Forces of Nature -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , the war drama Pearl Harbor -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and the thriller Changing Lanes -LRB- 2002 -RRB- .. Armageddon. Armageddon ( 1998 film ). Forces of Nature. Forces of Nature. Pearl Harbor. Pearl Harbor ( film ). Changing Lanes. Changing Lanes. After a career downturn , during which he appeared in Daredevil and Gigli -LRB- both 2003 -RRB- , Affleck received a Golden Globe nomination for his performance in the noir biopic Hollywoodland -LRB- 2006 -RRB- .. Golden Globe. Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. Daredevil. Daredevil ( film ). Gigli. Gigli ( film ). Hollywoodland. Hollywoodland. His directorial debut , Gone Baby Gone -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , which he also co-wrote , was well received .. Gone Baby Gone. Gone Baby Gone. He then directed , co-wrote , and starred in the crime drama The Town -LRB- 2010 -RRB- .. The Town. The Town ( 2010 film ). For the political thriller Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , which he directed and starred in , Affleck won the Golden Globe and BAFTA Award for Best Director , and the Golden Globe , BAFTA , and Academy Award for Best Picture .. Golden Globe. Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. Argo. Argo ( 2012 film ). BAFTA Award for Best Director. BAFTA Award for Best Direction. BAFTA. BAFTA Award for Best Film. Academy Award for Best Picture. Academy Award for Best Picture. He starred in the psychological thriller Gone Girl -LRB- 2014 -RRB- .. Gone Girl. Gone Girl ( film ). In 2016 , Affleck began playing Batman in the DC Extended Universe , starred in the action thriller The Accountant , and directed , wrote and acted in the gangster drama Live by Night .. Batman. Batman. DC Extended Universe. DC Extended Universe. The Accountant. The Accountant ( 2016 film ). Live by Night. Live by Night ( film ). Affleck is the co-founder of the Eastern Congo Initiative , a grantmaking and advocacy-based nonprofit organization .. Eastern Congo Initiative. Eastern Congo Initiative. grantmaking. Grant ( money ). advocacy. advocacy. He is also a stalwart member of the Democratic Party .. Democratic Party. Democratic Party ( United States ). Affleck and Damon are co-owners of the production company Pearl Street Films .. Pearl Street Films. Pearl Street Films. His younger brother is actor Casey Affleck , with whom he has worked on several films including Good Will Hunting and Gone Baby Gone .. Casey Affleck. Casey Affleck. Good Will Hunting. Good Will Hunting. Gone Baby Gone. Gone Baby Gone. Affleck married actress Jennifer Garner in 2005 ; they have three children together .. Jennifer Garner. Jennifer Garner. The couple announced their separation in 2015 and filed for divorce in early 2017 . Answer: ecological
A:Chicago is the planned location of Barack Obama's presidential library. B:Ulster Protestant Action -LRB- UPA -RRB- was an Ulster loyalist and Protestant fundamentalist vigilante group in Northern Ireland .. Ulster loyalist. Ulster loyalism. Protestant fundamentalist. Fundamentalist Christianity. vigilante. vigilante. Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland. Ulster Protestant. Ulster Protestant. The group was founded at a special meeting at the Ulster Unionist Party 's -LRB- UUP -RRB- offices in Glengall Street , Belfast , in 1956 .. Ulster Unionist Party. Ulster Unionist Party. Belfast. Belfast. Among the attendees were many loyalists who were to become major figures in the 1960s and 1970 , such as Ian Paisley and Desmond Boal .. Ian Paisley. Ian Paisley. Desmond Boal. Desmond Boal. The independent unionist MP Norman Porter also attended , but took no further part in the group .. unionist. Unionism in Ireland. Norman Porter. Norman Porter. The meeting 's declared purpose was to organise the defence of Ulster Protestant areas against anticipated Irish Republican Army -LRB- IRA -RRB- activity , based on the old Ulster Protestant Association immediately after the partition of Ireland in 1920 , who organised assassination missions into Catholic areas of Belfast .. Belfast. Belfast. Ulster Protestant. Ulster Protestant. Irish Republican Army. Irish Republican Army ( 1922-1969 ). Ulster Protestant Association. Ulster Protestant Association. partition of Ireland. partition of Ireland. The new body decided to call itself `` Ulster Protestant Action '' , and the first year of its existence was taken up with the discussion of vigilante patrols , street barricades , and drawing up lists of IRA suspects in both Belfast and in rural areas .. vigilante. vigilante. Belfast. Belfast. Ulster Protestant. Ulster Protestant. barricades. barricades. The initial executive of the UPA consisted of John McQuade , Billy Spence , Charles McCullough , Richard Fenton , Frank Millar , Sammy Verner , Herbert Ditty , Bob Newman and Noel Doherty , with Paisley as an ex officio member .. John McQuade. John McQuade. Billy Spence. Billy Spence. Charles McCullough. Charles McCullough. Frank Millar. Frank Millar. Herbert Ditty. Herbert Ditty. Noel Doherty. Noel Doherty. Even though no IRA threat materialised in Belfast , and despite it becoming clear that the IRA 's activities during the Border Campaign were to be limited to the border areas , Ulster Protestant Action remained in being .. Belfast. Belfast. Ulster Protestant. Ulster Protestant. Border Campaign. Border Campaign ( IRA ). Factory and workplace branches were formed under the UPA , including one by Paisley in Belfast 's Ravenhill area under his direct control .. Belfast. Belfast. Ravenhill. Ravenhill ( Belfast ). The concern of the UPA increasingly came to focus on the defence of `` Bible Protestantism '' and Protestant interests where jobs and housing were concerned .. Although initially opposed to professional politicians , specifically banning them from membership of the group , the UPA stood the former Belfast City Councillor and superintendent of an independent gospel mission , Albert Duff , against Brian Maginess in Iveagh at the Northern Ireland general election , 1958 .. Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland. Belfast. Belfast. Brian Maginess. Brian Maginess. Iveagh. Iveagh ( Northern Ireland Parliament constituency ). Maginess was perceived as being sympathetic to Catholics , having banned an Orange Order parade in 1952 , and Duff was able to take 41.5 % of the vote , although he failed to win the seat .. Orange Order. Orange Order. Duff was more successful in May 1958 , when he regained a seat on Belfast City Council , with Charles McCullough also taking a seat for the UPA , while , in 1960 , Boal won the Belfast Shankill constituency at Stormont as an official UUP candidate .. Belfast. Belfast. Charles McCullough. Charles McCullough. Belfast Shankill. Belfast Shankill ( Northern Ireland Parliament constituency ). As Paisley came to dominate Ulster Protestant Action , he received his first convictions for public order offences .. Ulster Protestant. Ulster Protestant. In June 1959 , a major riot occurred on the Shankill Road in Belfast following a rally he had spoken at .. Belfast. Belfast. Shankill Road. Shankill Road. His moves to form a Protestant unionist political party caused tensions in the group , and Paisley 's supporters formed their own `` Premier '' branch of the UPA , reinforcing their control of the group .. unionist. Unionism in Ireland. In the 1960s , Paisley and the UPA campaigned against Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill 's rapprochement with the Republic of Ireland and his meetings with Taoiseach of the Republic , Sean Lemass , a veteran of the Easter Rising of 1916 and the anti-Treaty IRA .. Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland. Prime Minister of Northern Ireland. Prime Minister of Northern Ireland. Terence O'Neill. Terence O'Neill. Republic of Ireland. Republic of Ireland. Taoiseach. Taoiseach. Sean Lemass. Sean Lemass. Easter Rising. Easter Rising. anti-Treaty IRA. anti-Treaty IRA. They opposed efforts by O'Neill to deliver civil rights to the Catholic minority in Northern Ireland , especially the proposed abolition of gerrymandering of local electoral areas for the election of urban and county councils .. Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland. civil rights. civil rights. In 1964 his demand that the Royal Ulster Constabulary remove an Irish Tricolour from Sinn Fein 's Belfast offices led to two days of rioting after this was followed through .. Belfast. Belfast. Royal Ulster Constabulary. Royal Ulster Constabulary. Irish Tricolour. Flag of Ireland. Sinn Fein. Sinn Fein. In the aftermath of these protests , Duff and James McCarroll were elected to Belfast City Council for the UPA .. Belfast. Belfast. In 1966 , the group reformed as the Protestant Unionist Party .. Protestant Unionist Party. Protestant Unionist Party Answer:
catalyst