Title: Ex parte Carthell Garner. PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS (In re: Carthell Garner, alias v. State of Alabama) (Mobile Circuit Court: CC08-747; CC08-748; Criminal Appeals : CR-08-0187). Writ Denied. No Opinion.
Citation: N/A
Docket Number: 1081702
State: Alabama
Issuer: Alabama Supreme Court
Date: November 6, 2009

REL: 11/06/2009 
Notice: T h i s o p i n i o n i s 
s u b j e c t t o f o r m a l r e v i s i o n b e f o r e p u b l i c a t i o n i n 
t h e 
advance 
s h e e t s o f 
Southern Reporter. 
R e a d e r s a r e 
r e q u e s t e d t o n o t i f y t h e 
Reporter of 
Decisions, 
Alabama A p p e l l a t e C o u r t s , 300 D e x t e r Avenue, Montgomery, Alabama 36104-3741 
((334) 
229-0649), o f 
any t y p o g r a p h i c a l o r o t h e r e r r o r s , i n 
o r d e r t h a t c o r r e c t i o n s may be made 
b e f o r e t h e 
o p i n i o n i s 
p r i n t e d i n 
Southern Reporter. 
SUPREME COURT OF ALABAMA 
OCTOBER TERM, 2009-2010 
1081702 
Ex p a r t e C a r t h e l l 
Garner 
PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI 
TO THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS 
( I n r e : C a r t h e l l 
Garner 
v. 
S t a t e o f 
Alabama) 
(Mobile C i r c u i t Court, CC-08-747 and CC-08-748; 
Court o f C r i m i n a l Appeals, CR-08-0187) 
PER CURIAM. 
The p e t i t i o n f o r 
t h e 
w r i t o f c e r t i o r a r i i s d e n i e d . 
WRIT DENIED. 
S t u a r t , S m i t h , 
B o l i n , 
P a r k e r , a n d Shaw, J J . , c o n c u r . 
L y o n s , J . , 
c o n c u r s 
s p e c i a l l y . 
1081702 
Cobb, C . J . , and M u r d o c k , J . , c o n c u r i n p a r t a n d 
d i s s e n t 
i n 
p a r t . 
W o o d a l l , J . , d i s s e n t s . 
2 
1081702 
LYONS, J u s t i c e ( c o n c u r r i n g s p e c i a l l y ) . 
C h i e f J u s t i c e Cobb's s p e c i a l w r i t i n g , c o n c u r r i n g i n p a r t 
and 
d i s s e n t i n g 
i n p a r t , 
c o n c l u d e s 
t h a t 
C a r t h e l l 
G a r n e r 
a d e q u a t e l y 
s t a t e d a c o n f l i c t b e t w e e n t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s ' u n p u b l i s h e d memorandum i n h i s c a s e , G a r n e r v . S t a t e 
( N o . CR-08-0187, J u l y 3 1 , 2 0 0 9 ) , __ So. 3 d __ ( A l a . C r i m . App. 
200 9) 
( t a b l e ) , and G r i m s l e y v . S t a t e , 632 So. 2d 547 
( A l a . 
C r i m . App. 2 0 0 3 ) . 
G a r n e r ' s 
p e t i t i o n 
i n c l u d e s a 
f r a g m e n t a r y 
q u o t e 
f r o m 
t h e 
C o u r t 
o f 
C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s ' 
u n p u b l i s h e d 
memorandum and a t t e m p t s t o t a k e t h e q u o t e b e y o n d i t s c o n t e x t . 
G a r n e r 
p o i n t s s o l e l y t o t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t i n 
t h e 
C o u r t 
o f 
C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s ' 
u n p u b l i s h e d memorandum: "What 
[ S t a t e ' s w i t n e s s H o w a r d ] Pompey may h a v e p e r s o n a l l y 
b e l i e v e d 
o r h o p e d f o r w o u l d 
have b e e n a m a t t e r 
l e f t 
t o t h e j u r y ' s 
d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n w e i g h i n g t h e t e s t i m o n y p u r s u a n t t o t h e t r i a l 
c o u r t ' s c h a r g e as t o b i a s . " 
( P e t i t i o n , a t p. 5.) 
G a r n e r 
t h e n 
c o n t e n d s 
t h a t , b e c a u s e he was n o t a l l o w e d t o q u e s t i o n Howard 
Pompey r e g a r d i n g h i s b e l i e f s o r h o p e s as t o t h e d i s p o s i t i o n o f 
p e n d i n g c h a r g e s a g a i n s t Pompey i f 
he t e s t i f i e d a g a i n s t G a r n e r , 
t h e r e was n o t h i n g f o r 
t h e j u r y t o w e i g h t o d e t e r m i n e 
w h e t h e r 
Pompey was b i a s e d i n f a v o r o f t h e S t a t e . 
G a r n e r ' s 
a t t e m p t 
i l l u s t r a t e s t h e p r o b l e m o f u s i n g o n l y 
f r a g m e n t a r y q u o t e s 
f r o m an u n p u b l i s h e d memorandum o r o p i n i o n 
3 
1081702 
t o 
a l l e g e 
c o n f l i c t . 
G a r n e r 
o m i t s 
t h e p r e c e d i n g s e n t e n c e , 
w h i c h 
s t a t e s : " N o r 
was 
he p r e v e n t e d f r o m q u e s t i o n i n g Pompey 
c o n c e r n i n g h i s r o l e 
i n t h e p r e s e n t o f f e n s e i n f r o n t 
o f 
t h e  
j u r y . " 
( E m p h a s i s 
added.) 
When t h e two 
s e n t e n c e s a r e r e a d 
t o g e t h e r , as t h e y s h o u l d be, i t i s a p p a r e n t t h a t t h e s t a t e m e n t 
o f t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s a t t a c k e d by G a r n e r r e l a t e s t o 
t h e 
j u r o r s ' 
w e i g h i n g 
o f 
any 
b i a s 
b a s e d 
on Pompey's 
h o p e s 
r e g a r d i n g w h e t h e r he w o u l d be p r o s e c u t e d " c o n c e r n i n g h i s r o l e 
i n 
t h e p r e s e n t 
o f f e n s e . " 
B e c a u s e 
o f G a r n e r ' s 
i n e f f e c t i v e 
a t t e m p t 
t o 
e s t a b l i s h 
c o n f l i c t , 
I c o n c u r 
t o deny 
G a r n e r ' s 
p e t i t i o n f o r t h e w r i t o f 
c e r t i o r a r i . 
4 
1081702 
COBB, C h i e f 
J u s t i c e 
( c o n c u r r i n g 
i n p a r t 
and d i s s e n t i n g i n 
p a r t ) . 
C a r t h e l l 
G a r n e r ' s 
p e t i t i o n 
f o r t h e w r i t 
o f 
c e r t i o r a r i 
a d e q u a t e l y 
d e m o n s t r a t e s 
a 
s u f f i c i e n t 
l i k e l i h o o d 
t h a t 
t h e 
d e c i s i o n 
o f t h e 
C o u r t 
o f 
C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s 
i n h i s 
c a s e 
c o n f l i c t s w i t h G r i m s l e y v . S t a t e , 632 So. 2d 547 ( A l a . C r i m . 
App. 2 0 0 3 ) , t o w a r r a n t t h i s C o u r t ' s r e v i e w . 
I w o u l d g r a n t t h e 
p e t i t i o n t o r e v i e w t h a t 
i s s u e . 
A c c o r d i n g l y , I 
r e s p e c t f u l l y 
d i s s e n t f r o m t h e C o u r t ' s d e c i s i o n t o d e n y r e v i e w as t o t h a t 
g r o u n d . 
As t o t h e o t h e r g r o u n d s 
a s s e r t e d i n t h e p e t i t i o n , I 
c o n c u r t o d e n y r e v i e w . 
F a c t s and P r o c e d u r a l H i s t o r y 
G a r n e r was t r i e d f o r 
t h e J u n e 9, 2007, m u r d e r s o f E r n e s t 
L e w i s and D a n i e l l e C h e s t a n g . 
The m u r d e r s were a l l e g e d t o h a v e 
r e s u l t e d 
f r o m a d i s p u t e d u r i n g an 
i l l e g a l 
d r u g 
t r a n s a c t i o n . 
On 
c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n , G a r n e r ' s 
c o u n s e l 
q u e s t i o n e d 
Howard 
Pompey, a p r o s e c u t i o n w i t n e s s , as t o w h e t h e r he f a c e d c r i m i n a l 
c h a r g e s b a s e d on h i s r o l e i n t h e t r a n s a c t i o n t h a t r e s u l t e d i n 
t h e c h a r g e s a g a i n s t G a r n e r . Pompey r e s p o n d e d 
t h a t he h a d n o t 
b e e n 
c h a r g e d ; 
h o w e v e r , he 
s a i d , 
t h e p o l i c e 
h a d 
o r i g i n a l l y 
q u e s t i o n e d h i m as t o w h e t h e r he h a d s u p p l i e d t h e v i c t i m s 
w i t h 
m a r i j u a n a . 
G a r n e r ' s c o u n s e l t h e n a s k e d Pompey: "As a m a t t e r 
5 
1081702 
o f 
f a c t , 
y o u ' v e g o t s e v e r a l 
c a s e s p e n d i n g 
o u t s i d e o f y o u r 
s i t u a t i o n i n t h i s c a s e , d o n ' t y o u ? " 
The p r o s e c u t o r t h e n made 
a m o t i o n i n l i m i n e o u t s i d e t h e p r e s e n c e o f t h e j u r y , a r g u i n g 
t h a t 
G a r n e r 
s h o u l d be 
a l l o w e d t o a s k Pompey 
a b o u t 
p r i o r 
c o n v i c t i o n s o r c h a r g e s o n l y i f t h o s e c o n v i c t i o n s o r c h a r g e s 
i n v o l v e d d i s h o n e s t y o r f a l s e 
s t a t e m e n t . 
The 
t r i a l 
c o u r t i n f o r m e d G a r n e r ' s c o u n s e l t h a t , 
b e c a u s e 
t h e 
p e n d i n g c h a r g e s 
a g a i n s t Pompey were 
f i l e d 
a f t e r he h a d 
g i v e n h i s s t a t e m e n t t o t h e p o l i c e i n t h e c a s e a g a i n s t G a r n e r , 
c o u n s e l 
w o u l d 
n o t be 
a l l o w e d t o q u e s t i o n h i m a b o u t 
t h o s e 
c h a r g e s . 
G a r n e r ' s 
c o u n s e l a r g u e d 
t h a t t h e j u r y m i g h t 
f i n d 
t h a t Pompey b e l i e v e d 
t h a t 
g i v i n g t e s t i m o n y f a v o r a b l e t o t h e 
p r o s e c u t i o n w o u l d h e l p w i t h t h e c h a r g e s p e n d i n g a g a i n s t h i m , 
and t h e t r i a l 
c o u r t 
s t a t e d 
t h a t i t w o u l d 
g i v e 
t h e j u r y a 
c h a r g e as t o b i a s . 
T h e r e a f t e r , 
o u t s i d e t h e p r e s e n c e o f t h e j u r y , 
G a r n e r ' s 
c o u n s e l a s k e d Pompey when he was a r r e s t e d on t h e two p e n d i n g 
c h a r g e s . 
Pompey r e s p o n d e d 
t h a t i t was "two t o t h r e e d a y s 
ago." G a r n e r ' s c o u n s e l was n o t a l l o w e d t o a s k any q u e s t i o n s t o 
d e t e r m i n e 
w h e t h e r Pompey was h o p i n g 
t h a t h i s t e s t i m o n y i n 
G a r n e r ' s c a s e m i g h t h e l p h i m r e c e i v e 
f a v o r a b l e t r e a t m e n t on 
t h e 
c h a r g e s p e n d i n g a g a i n s t h i m . Pompey t e s t i f i e d t h a t he h a d 
n o t h a d any d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h t h e S t a t e as t o t h o s e c h a r g e s . 
6 
1081702 
When G a r n e r ' s c o u n s e l b e g a n t o q u e s t i o n Pompey c o n c e r n i n g h i s 
i n v o l v e m e n t 
i n t h e d r u g 
t r a n s a c t i o n i n G a r n e r ' s 
c a s e , t h e 
t r i a l c o u r t i n f o r m e d h i m t h a t he c o u l d q u e s t i o n Pompey on t h a t 
m a t t e r 
i n f r o n t 
o f t h e 
j u r y ; 
o n l y 
t e s t i m o n y 
as t o t h e 
u n r e l a t e d p e n d i n g c h a r g e s was b e i n g 
e l i c i t e d on v o i r 
d i r e o f 
t h e w i t n e s s Pompey. 
B e c a u s e t h e v o i r e d i r e o f t h e w i t n e s s d i d 
n o t 
r e v e a l any e v i d e n c e 
i n d i c a t i n g t h a t Pompey and t h e S t a t e 
had 
d i s c u s s e d t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f f a v o r a b l e t r e a t m e n t 
on t h e 
p e n d i n g c h a r g e s , 
t h e t r i a l 
c o u r t 
r u l e d t h a t d e f e n s e 
c o u n s e l 
w o u l d n o t be a l l o w e d t o q u e s t i o n Pompey as t o t h o s e 
p e n d i n g 
c h a r g e s i n f r o n t o f t h e j u r y . 
G a r n e r was c o n v i c t e d o f m u r d e r i n g L e w i s and C h e s t a n g , and 
he 
a p p e a l e d . 
On 
a p p e a l , 
he 
a r g u e d 
t h a t 
t h e 
t r i a l 
c o u r t 
i m p r o p e r l y p r o h i b i t e d h i m f r o m p r o v i n g t h a t Pompey's 
t e s t i m o n y 
was 
b i a s e d 
i n f a v o r 
o f t h e 
S t a t e 
b y t h e hope 
t h a t h i s 
t e s t i m o n y 
i n G a r n e r ' s 
c a s e w o u l d 
b e n e f i t h i m i n t h e 
o t h e r 
c a s e s 
p e n d i n g 
a g a i n s t h i m . G a r n e r c o n t e n d e d 
t h a t t h e 
t r i a l 
c o u r t 
i m p r o p e r l y 
l i m i t e d h i s c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n 
o f Pompey b y 
r u l i n g t h a t , u n l e s s 
Pompey h a d b e e n i n v o l v e d i n c o n v e r s a t i o n s 
w i t h 
t h e 
S t a t e 
r e g a r d i n g 
f a v o r a b l e 
t r e a t m e n t 
on 
p e n d i n g 
c h a r g e s 
i n r e t u r n f o r h i s t e s t i m o n y , 
G a r n e r 
w o u l d n o t be 
a l l o w e d t o q u e s t i o n Pompey c o n c e r n i n g t h e p e n d i n g c h a r g e s . 
On 
J u l y 3 1 , 2009, t h e C o u r t 
o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s 
a f f i r m e d t h e 
7 
1081702 
t r i a l 
c o u r t ' s j u d g m e n t i n an u n p u b l i s h e d memorandum. 
G a r n e r 
v. 
S t a t e 
(No. CR-08-0187, 
J u l y 3 1 , 2 0 0 9 ) , 
So. 3d 
( A l a . 
C r i m . App. 2009) 
( t a b l e ) . 
S u b s e q u e n t l y , G a r n e r 
f i l e d a 
p e t i t i o n f o r 
a w r i t o f c e r t i o r a r i i n t h i s 
C o u r t . 
A n a l y s i s 
G a r n e r a r g u e s t h a t t h e d e c i s i o n o f t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s 
c o n f l i c t s 
w i t h 
G r i m s l e y , 
s u p r a . 
I n G r i m s l e y , t h e 
C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s h e l d t h a t a t r i a l 
c o u r t v i o l a t e d a 
c r i m i n a l d e f e n d a n t ' s r i g h t s u n d e r t h e S i x t h Amendment t o t h e 
U n i t e d 
S t a t e s 
C o n s t i t u t i o n when i t 
p r o h i b i t e d t h e d e f e n d a n t 
f r o m c r o s s - e x a m i n i n g 
a p r o s e c u t i o n 
w i t n e s s t o show t h a t t h e 
w i t n e s s 
"was on p r o b a t i o n ; 
t h a t she was 
s e l l i n g 
a l c o h o l i c 
b e v e r a g e s , 
o p e r a t i n g a b a r , and h a d c o m m i t t e d o t h e r 
a c t s i n 
c o n n e c t i o n 
w i t h 
t h e 
o p e r a t i o n 
o f t h e b a r 
t h a t 
were i n 
v i o l a t i o n o f t h e t e r m s o f h e r p r o b a t i o n ; ... t h a t she h a d n o t 
b e e n a r r e s t e d f o r 
t h e v i o l a t i o n o f h e r p r o b a t i o n " ; and t h a t 
" t h e w i t n e s s h a d some t y p e o f d e a l o r ' e x p e c t e d ' 
d e a l w i t h t h e 
S t a t e p u r s u a n t t o w h i c h she w o u l d n o t be p r o s e c u t e d 
f o r 
h e r 
p r o b a t i o n 
v i o l a t i o n i n e x c h a n g e f o r 
h e r t e s t i m o n y . " 
632 So. 
2d a t 552. The C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s a l s o h e l d 
t h a t t h e 
t r i a l c o u r t v i o l a t e d t h e d e f e n d a n t ' s S i x t h Amendment r i g h t s b y 
p r o h i b i t i n g 
c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n 
o f 
a n o t h e r 
w i t n e s s 
"as t o 
w h e t h e r 
t h e r e 
were 
o u t s t a n d i n g 
w a r r a n t s 
f o r h e r h u s b a n d ' s 
8 
1081702 
a r r e s t and w h e t h e r she was t e s t i f y i n g i n an e f f o r t t o h e l p h e r 
h u s b a n d . " 
632 So. 2d a t 555. 
I n h i s p e t i t i o n , G a r n e r q u o t e s t h e f o l l o w i n g r e a s o n i n g o f 
t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s i n G r i m s l e y : 
" ' " [ W ] h e n e v e r a p r o s e c u t i o n w i t n e s s may be 
b i a s e d i n f a v o r o f t h e p r o s e c u t i o n 
b e c a u s e 
o f o u t s t a n d i n g c r i m i n a l c h a r g e s o r b e c a u s e 
o f any n o n - f i n a l 
d i s p o s i t i o n 
a g a i n s t 
h i m 
w i t h i n t h e same j u r i s d i c t i o n , t h a t p o s s i b l e 
b i a s , 
i n f a i r n e s s , must be made known t o 
t h e 
j u r y . . . . [ T ] h e w i t n e s s 
may 
hope f o r  
f a v o r a b l e t r e a t m e n t 
f r o m t h e p r o s e c u t o r i f 
 
t h e 
w i t n e s s 
p r e s e n t l y 
t e s t i f i e s 
i n a way  
t h a t i s h e l p f u l t o t h e p r o s e c u t i o n . And i f 
 
t h a t 
p o s s i b i l i t y 
e x i s t s , 
t h e j u r y 
s h o u l d 
know a b o u t 
i t . " ' 
" ' " ' I t 
i s 
g e n e r a l l y 
h e l d , 
e v e n i n j u r i s d i c t i o n s where 
s u c h 
e v i d e n c e 
i s 
n o t 
o r d i n a r i l y 
a d m i s s i b l e , 
t h a t t h e f a c t 
t h a t a 
w i t n e s s 
h a s 
b e e n 
a r r e s t e d 
o r 
c h a r g e d 
w i t h 
c r i m e may be 
shown 
o r 
i n q u i r e d 
i n t o where i t w o u l d 
r e a s o n a b l y 
t e n d t o show t h a t h i s 
t e s t i m o n y 
m i g h t be i n f l u e n c e d b y 
i n t e r e s t , 
b i a s , 
o r a m o t i v e 
t o 
t e s t i f y 
f a l s e l y . 
T h i s 
p r i n c i p l e 
has b e e n h e l d a p p l i c a b l e i n c a s e s 
where 
c r i m i n a l 
c h a r g e s 
a r e 
p e n d i n g i n t h e same c o u r t 
a g a i n s t 
a w i t n e s s 
f o r t h e p r o s e c u t i o n i n 
a 
c r i m i n a l c a s e 
a t t h e t i m e 
he 
t e s t i f i e s , 
as 
a 
c i r c u m s t a n c e 
t e n d i n g 
t o 
show 
t h a t 
h i s 
t e s t i m o n y i s o r may be i n f l u e n c e d 
by t h e e x p e c t a t i o n o r hope 
t h a t , 
by 
a i d i n g i n t h e c o n v i c t i o n o f 
t h e 
d e f e n d a n t , 
he 
w o u l d 
be 
g r a n t e d 
i m m u n i t y o r r e w a r d e d b y 
9 
1081702 
l e n i e n c y 
i n t h e d i s p o s i t i o n 
o f 
h i s 
own 
c a s e . B u t i t h a s b e e n 
h e l d t h a t t h e p e n d e n c y o f c h a r g e s 
a g a i n s t 
t h e w i t n e s s i n a n o t h e r 
c o u n t y o r j u r i s d i c t i o n c a n n o t be 
shown 
u n d e r 
t h i s 
t h e o r y 
o f 
a d m i s s i b i l i t y . ' " ' " 
G r i m s l e y , 632 So. 2d a t 553 ( e m p h a s i s 
a d d e d ) .
1 
G a r n e r 
a r g u e s 
t h a t 
u n d e r 
G r i m s l e y he was 
e n t i t l e d t o 
q u e s t i o n Pompey t o d e t e r m i n e i f 
Pompey was h o p i n g 
t h a t h i s 
t e s t i m o n y f o r t h e S t a t e i n G a r n e r ' s 
c a s e m i g h t 
h e l p h i m i n 
o t h e r c a s e s p e n d i n g a g a i n s t h i m , r e g a r d l e s s o f w h e t h e r Pompey 
and t h e S t a t e h a d s p e c i f i c a l l y d i s c u s s e d t h a t 
p o s s i b i l i t y . 
G a r n e r 
a l l e g e s i n h i s p e t i t i o n 
t h a t , i n a f f i r m i n g t h e 
t r i a l 
c o u r t ' s r u l i n g e x c l u d i n g any t e s t i m o n y by Pompey r e g a r d i n g 
t h e 
c r i m i n a l 
c h a r g e s 
p e n d i n g 
a g a i n s t h i m u n r e l a t e d t o G a r n e r ' s 
c a s e , t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s ' dec i s i o n 
c o n f l i c t s 
w i t h 
G r i m s l e y . 
I n 
p a r t i c u l a r , 
G a r n e r 
a l l e g e s 
t h a t 
G r i m s l e y 
c o n f l i c t s 
w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g 
s t a t e m e n t 
i n t h e u n p u b l i s h e d 
memorandum o f t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s 
i n t h i s 
c a s e : 
"What Pompey may have p e r s o n a l l y b e l i e v e d o r h o p e d f o r w o u l d 
h a v e 
b e e n 
a 
m a t t e r 
l e f t 
t o t h e 
j u r y ' s 
d e t e r m i n a t i o n i n 
1 I n h i s 
p e t i t i o n , G a r n e r i n d i c a t e d t h a t t h e f i r s t o f t h e s e 
q u o t e d p a r a g r a p h s was an e x c e r p t f r o m G r i m s l e y , b u t he f a i l e d 
t o 
i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e s e c o n d p a r a g r a p h , w h i c h he a l s o 
i n c l u d e d 
i n h i s p e t i t i o n , was l i k e w i s e e x c e r p t e d f r o m G r i m s l e y . 
10 
1081702 
w e i g h i n g t h e t e s t i m o n y p u r s u a n t t o t h e t r i a l c o u r t ' s c h a r g e as 
t o 
b i a s . " 
G a r n e r h a s d e m o n s t r a t e d a c o n f l i c t w i t h G r i m s l e y . 
U n d e r 
G r i m s l e y , he h a s a r i g h t t o d e m o n s t r a t e t o t h e j u r y 
w h e t h e r 
Pompey h o p e d t o g a i n 
f a v o r a b l e 
t r e a t m e n t 
on c h a r g e s 
p e n d i n g 
a g a i n s t h i m i n t h e same j u r i s d i c t i o n b y t e s t i f y i n g i n a way 
t h a t was h e l p f u l t o t h e p r o s e c u t i o n . 
G r i m s l e y , 632 So. 2d a t 
553. 
I n a f f i r m i n g t h e t r i a l 
c o u r t ' s r u l i n g r e g a r d i n g 
G a r n e r ' s 
q u e s t i o n i n g o f Pompey, t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s r e l i e d i n 
p a r t on R e e v e s v . S t a t e , 807 So. 2d 18 ( A l a . C r i m . App. 2 0 0 0 ) . 
I n R e e v e s , t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s h e l d t h a t a c r i m i n a l 
d e f e n d a n t d i d n o t have t h e r i g h t t o q u e s t i o n 
a w i t n e s s t o 
e s t a b l i s h t h a t t h e w i t n e s s was b i a s e d b y t h e hope o f f a v o r a b l e 
t r e a t m e n t 
on 
c h a r g e s 
p e n d i n g 
a g a i n s t 
t h e 
w i t n e s s 
i n a 
d i f f e r e n t 
j u r i s d i c t i o n , 
u n l e s s 
t h e r e c o r d 
c o n t a i n e d 
some 
i n d e p e n d e n t i n d i c a t i o n t h a t s u c h a b i a s m i g h t e x i s t 
( s u c h as 
a 
f a c t u a l 
r e l a t i o n 
b e t w e e n t h e o f f e n s e s 
o r e v i d e n c e o f an 
a g r e e m e n t 
b e t w e e n 
t h e S t a t e 
and t h e w i t n e s s 
w h e r e b y t h e 
w i t n e s s w o u l d t e s t i f y i n e x c h a n g e f o r 
l e n i e n c y ) . 
R e e v e s , 807 
So. 2d a t 38-39. 
F u r t h e r , i n R e e v e s , t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l 
A p p e a l s 
n o t e d 
t h a t 
t h e 
r e c o r d 
c o n t a i n e d 
some 
e v i d e n c e 
i n d i c a t i n g 
t h a t 
t h e w i t n e s s 
was 
n o t 
b i a s e d 
b e c a u s e h i s 
11 
1081702 
t e s t i m o n y was s u b s t a n t i a l l y t h e same as a s t a t e m e n t he gave 
p o l i c e b e f o r e he was c h a r g e d w i t h t h e u n r e l a t e d o f f e n s e s . 807 
So. 2d a t 39. 
G a r n e r 
does n o t d i s t i n g u i s h 
R e e v e s o r a r g u e t h a t R e e v e s 
s h o u l d be o v e r r u l e d . 
H o w e v e r , he h a s d e m o n s t r a t e d 
a c o n f l i c t 
w i t h G r i m s l e y and a l i k e l i h o o d o f s u c c e s s on t h e m e r i t s u n d e r 
G r i m s l e y . 
The f a c t s o f t h i s c a s e p r e s e n t an o p p o r t u n i t y t o 
c l a r i f y 
t h e s c o p e o f G r i m s l e y 
a n d R e e v e s 
and t o 
c l e a r l y 
e s t a b l i s h 
t h e p r o p e r 
b a l a n c e 
b e t w e e n 
a 
d e f e n d a n t ' s 
S i x t h 
Amendment r i g h t t o c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n and t h e n e e d t o p r e c l u d e 
i r r e l e v a n t p r e j u d i c i a l e v i d e n c e o f a w i t n e s s ' s p r i o r b a d a c t s . 
F o r t h e s e r e a s o n s , I r e s p e c t f u l l y d i s s e n t f r o m t h e d e n i a l 
o f t h e p e t i t i o n t o r e v i e w t h e c o n f l i c t b e t w e e n t h e d e c i s i o n o f 
t h e C o u r t o f C r i m i n a l A p p e a l s i n G a r n e r ' s 
c a s e and G r i m s l e y . 
As t o a l l 
o t h e r g r o u n d s a s s e r t e d i n 
t h e p e t i t i o n , I a g r e e 
t h a t 
r e v i e w i s n o t w a r r a n t e d . 
M u r d o c k , J . , c o n c u r s . 
12