Title: In re Snyder
Citation: N/A
Docket Number: S056998
State: Oregon
Issuer: Oregon Supreme Court
Date: May 27, 2010

FILED: May 27, 2010
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF OREGON
In re: Complaint as to the Conduct of
SCOTT M. SNYDER,
Accused.
(OSB Case No. 08-19;
SC S056998)
En Banc
On review of the decision of a trial panel of the
Disciplinary Board.
Argued and submitted March 1, 2010.
Kevin Keaney, Portland, argued the case and filed
the brief for the accused.
Susan Roedl Cournoyer,
Assistant Disciplinary Counsel, Oregon State Bar, argued the cause and filed
the brief for the Oregon State Bar.
PER CURIAM
The accused is
suspended from the practice of law for 30 days, effective 60 days from the date
of the filing of this decision.
PER CURIAM
In this lawyer disciplinary
proceeding, the Oregon State Bar charged the accused with four violations of
the Oregon Rules of Professional Conduct (RPC).  A trial panel of the
Disciplinary Board found the accused guilty of three of the charged offenses
and imposed a sanction of a 60-day suspension.  The accused seeks review of
that decision.  ORS 9.536(1); Bar Rules of Procedure (BR) 10.1 and 10.3.  The Bar,
for its part, asks this court to find that the accused also committed the
fourth alleged violation.  See BR 10.5(c) (permitting the Bar to urge
rejection of any part of trial panel decision in answering brief).  On de
novo review, ORS 9.536(2); BR 10.6, we affirm the trial panel's findings that the accused committed three of the charged violations.  We reject the Bar's
contention that it proved by clear and convincing evidence that the accused
committed the fourth charged violation.  Finally, we conclude that a 30-day suspension
from the practice of law is an appropriate sanction.
All of the accused's alleged
violations arose out of his representation of a single client, Cohn.  Cohn is a
Florida resident who happened to be in Portland, Oregon, in January 2005, when
he slipped and fell on some ice on the sidewalk outside the Marriott Hotel, where
he was staying.  Cohn was injured and sought medical treatment.  In June 2005,
Cohn asked the accused to represent him in suing the Marriott, the City of
Portland, and Multnomah County.  In response, the accused sent Cohn an e-mail
with various documents attached, which the accused told Cohn needed to be
filled out for the representation to begin.  Cohn filled out the forms and
returned them a few days later.  Cohn also mailed the accused his medical
records.  
The accused took several actions on
Cohn's behalf almost immediately:  He sent tort claim notices to the city and
county; he sought ownership information from the Marriott; and he placed the
Marriott on notice of a potential claim.  The accused sent Cohn copies of those
notices.  The accused also began exchanging e-mails with Cohn to set up an
in-person meeting in Portland in August, when Cohn would be back in Oregon.  In
the course of that e-mail exchange, Cohn mentioned that he could not find a
copy of his medical records (he had either misplaced them or sent the accused
the originals) and asked the accused to provide him with a copy.  
The two met in Portland on August 23,
2005.  During that meeting, the accused explained to Cohn his conclusion that
the city and county would not be liable for Cohn's injuries because, under the
Portland City Code, the Marriott, as the owner of the adjacent property, was
responsible for the condition of the sidewalk on which Cohn had slipped and
fallen.  The accused did not provide Cohn with the requested copy of his
medical records either before or at the meeting.
After Cohn returned to Florida, Cohn
again asked the accused for a copy of his medical records, again explaining
that he could not find his copy.  The accused did not respond to that request. 
The accused later testified that he assumed that Cohn could assemble another
set of his medical records by requesting them from each of his providers. 
However, the accused did not advise Cohn of that assumption or tell Cohn to ask
the providers for copies.  The accused finally provided Cohn with copies of his
medical records in September 2007, more than two years after Cohn's first
request and well after this disciplinary action was underway.
Meanwhile, the accused received
responses from the city and the county denying liability, and from the
Marriott, asking for more information to permit it to better assess the claim. 
The accused did not reply to those responses or send copies to Cohn.  The
Marriott sent a second request for information in October 2005 and a third in
February 2006.  Cohn's health insurer also sent the accused two letters in late
2005, asking for more information about Cohn's claim and asserting a recovery
right related to medical expenses.  The accused never responded to any of those
requests; neither did he communicate with Cohn to tell him about any of those letters
or send him copies of them. 
In November 2005, Cohn wrote the
accused a letter to update the accused on the status of his injury.  Cohn told
the accused that he believed himself to be medically stationary at that time
(that is, that his injury was not amenable to further treatment), but he also informed
the accused that he was depressed and suicidal as a result of his injuries.  Cohn
asked the accused to do whatever was possible to expedite the case and he asked
for a status report with time frames.  He also enclosed more recent medical
reports.  There is some indication in the record that the accused and Cohn had
a telephone conversation sometime in November, but the accused did not
memorialize that conversation in any notes and neither Cohn nor the accused
could remember what they discussed.  In any event, the accused did not take any
action in the case in response either to Cohn's letter or to the conversation. 

The accused later explained that he
did not move forward with the litigation or negotiations after Cohn asked him
to do so in the November letter, because he did not think Cohn's condition was
stationary at that time.  However, there was no evidence that the accused took
any steps to ascertain whether Cohn's condition had changed or become
stationary.  For example, the accused never talked to Cohn's health care
providers, nor did he ask for any other medical records.  Moreover, the accused
did not advise Cohn that, in his opinion, nothing could be done on the case at
that time because Cohn's condition was not stationary.  
Cohn sent an e-mail to the accused to
two different addresses on February 10, 2006, stating his understanding that he
would know within six months whether the Marriott would make a reasonable
offer.  When a copy of that e-mail to one of the accused's addresses came back
as undeliverable, Cohn also faxed a copy of the e-mail to the accused's
office.  The accused did not respond to those requests for information.  The
accused later explained that he was in Africa at the time of those e-mails.  He
had not notified Cohn that he would be unavailable and he did not set up
automated responses to phone calls or e-mails advising callers or senders that
he was away.  The accused also later stated that the fax must have been filed
in his absence, because he never saw a copy of it.  
In any event, the accused did not
communicate with Cohn or do anything to further the case after he returned from
his trip.(1) 
On July 14, 2006, Cohn sent the accused an angry letter, giving the accused
until July 31 to reply.  Cohn again outlined his understanding from the initial
conversation that the accused would file a lawsuit if Cohn had not received a
reasonable settlement offer from the Marriott within six months of his becoming
medically stationary, and that it would take about a year to adjudicate the
case.  He noted in the letter that he had telephoned the accused on July 10,
and that the accused had not responded to that call or to any other
communication from Cohn in eight months.  
The accused responded to that letter
with a brief e-mail on July 22, advising Cohn that he would write shortly and
acknowledging that he had received the July 10 phone call, but explaining that
he had not yet answered it because another client had been killed by a drunk
driver, and the accused was assisting the client's family with the aftermath of
that event.  
The accused did send a letter to Cohn
on July 26, formally responding to Cohn's letter.  The tone of the accused's
letter was confrontational and accusatory.  In that letter, the accused
provided Cohn with his first status report of the case.  He advised Cohn that
both the city and the county were immune from liability for his injuries.  The
accused reviewed the medical records that Cohn had provided to him, pointing to
the fact that those records indicated that Cohn had had some kind of accident
several years before the fall and had been injured in a traffic accident
shortly after the fall.  The accused suggested that Cohn had hidden that
information from him, and told Cohn that those injuries would make any recovery
from the Marriott more difficult.  The accused told Cohn that it would take a
lawsuit to get any money out of the Marriott and suggested that it would be
expensive to bring the case to trial.  He asked Cohn for $500 for costs before
going forward and gave Cohn a deadline of August 18 to make a decision.  
In response, Cohn wrote a letter to the
accused terminating the lawyer-client relationship.  Three months later, Cohn
filed a Bar complaint against the accused, stating, among other things, that
the accused had failed to return his file and that he had contacted five other
lawyers who all had declined to represent him because of the short time frame
before the expiration of the statute of limitations.  Cohn never filed suit
against the Marriott and did not recover any damages for his injuries.  
The Bar asked the accused for a
response to Cohn's complaint.  In his response, the accused stated that, after
taking the case, he had discovered a number of problems with the case that
would make Cohn's claims harder to prove and that would probably necessitate a
lawsuit, rather than negotiations, to persuade the Marriott to pay damages.  He
also had concluded that Cohn's situation would not become stationary before the
statute of limitations expired.  The accused did not acknowledge that he had
not communicated with Cohn between August 2005 and July 2006 or that he had not
investigated whether any of the problems that he had identified actually were
impediments to the case.  He did admit that he had not asked his client for
records relating to the motor vehicle accident, and that he had not asked him
whether he still was seeing a physician for his injuries.  
The Bar charged the accused with
violating four Rules of Professional Conduct:  RPC 1.4(a) ("A lawyer shall
keep a client reasonably informed about the status of a matter and promptly
comply with reasonable requests for information."); RPC 1.4(b) ("A
lawyer shall explain a matter to the extent reasonably necessary to permit the
client to make informed decisions regarding the representation."); RPC 1.3
("A lawyer shall not neglect a legal matter entrusted to the
lawyer."); and RPC 1.15-1(d) ("[A] lawyer shall promptly deliver to
the client or third person any funds or other property that the client or third
person is entitled to receive[.]").
After a hearing on the matter, the
trial panel issued an opinion in which it found that the accused had committed
three of the four charged violations (discussed below) and suspended the
accused from the practice of law for 60 days.  As noted, the accused now seeks
review of that decision in this court.
Here, the accused contends that his
failure to communicate with Cohn showed poor business sense, but it did not
amount to an ethical violation.  He also argues that, in any event, the 60-day
suspension was too severe.  The Bar asserts that the trial panel correctly
found that the accused violated RPC 1.4(a), RPC 1.4(b), and RPC 1.15-1(d).  In
addition, the Bar contends that there is clear and convincing evidence that the
accused neglected a legal matter in violation of RPC 1.3.  Finally, the Bar
argues that a 60-day suspension is appropriate.  We begin by considering the
charged ethical violations.  
The Bar alleges that the accused
violated RPC 1.4(a), which provides that "[a] lawyer shall keep a client
reasonably informed about the status of a matter and promptly comply with
reasonable requests for information."  Relatedly, the Bar also alleges
that the accused violated RPC 1.4(b), which provides that "[a] lawyer
shall explain a matter to the extent reasonably necessary to permit the client
to make informed decisions regarding the representation."  The Bar
contends that the accused violated both those rules by failing to communicate
with Cohn for at least eight months.  Specifically, the accused did not inform
Cohn that the Marriott's claims department had sent him three requests for
information about the claim.  In addition, although the accused claims to have
made a tactical decision neither to acknowledge nor respond to the Marriott's
requests, he never informed Cohn about that decision.  Neither did the accused
inform Cohn about correspondence that he had received from Cohn's health
insurer, asserting recovery rights that could have affected the amount that
Cohn ultimately might have received on his claim.  Furthermore, although the
accused had concluded that Cohn was not medically stationary (notwithstanding
Cohn's contrary belief) and that it was therefore premature to commence
settlement negotiations with the Marriott, the accused did not inform Cohn of
that conclusion.  Finally, the accused failed to respond to Cohn's repeated
phone calls and e-mails asking for information about the case.  In fact, until
the accused finally responded to Cohn's urgent messages and letter about the
case in July 2006, Cohn had been completely uninformed about of the status of
his case.
The accused does not dispute any of
the foregoing facts.  Instead, he contends that, if the Bar and the trial panel
had a "realistic understanding of trial practice," they would see
that his actions amounted to no more than "[l]ess-than stellar customer
relations."  In support of that position, the accused asserts that, during
the eight-month period between the accused's last communication with Cohn in
November 2005 and his July 2006 response to Cohn's letter threatening to
terminate the representation, Cohn had to have understood the status of the
case.  That is, Cohn had to have known that the Marriott had made no settlement
offer, because Cohn would have had to be consulted about it.  In conclusion,
the accused argues that there is no bright line concerning how long a lawyer
can go without communicating with a client or how many client phone calls a lawyer
can fail to return before the failure amounts to an ethical violation.  Here,
according to the accused, he clearly did not drop below the standard of what a
reasonable lawyer would have done in his circumstances because, he contends,
Cohn was not actually harmed by the accused's failures.  
The accused displays a fundamental
misunderstanding about what the Rules of Professional Conduct require.  RPC 1.4
requires lawyers to maintain reasonably adequate communication with their
clients by keeping clients informed about the status of their matters, by complying
with reasonable requests for information, and by explaining matters to the
extent reasonably necessary to permit clients to make informed decisions.   Although
RPC 1.4 is a relatively new rule in Oregon, a lawyer's duty to communicate with
clients was a part of the diligence requirement of former Disciplinary
Rule (DR) 6-101(B), which dealt with neglect of a legal matter.  In considering
alleged violations of that rule, this court held that failing timely to
communicate good or bad news to the client constituted a violation of that
rule, In re Coyner, 342 Or 104, 108, 149 P3d 1118 (2006), as did failing
to keep a client informed about the status of the case, In re Bourcier,
325 Or 429, 432-33, 939 P2d 604 (1997).  The court also observed, in a case in
which a lawyer did not write any letters to his client about the case and
failed to return his client's phone calls or respond to the client's requests
for progress reports, that neglect of a client and procrastination are
violations of professional responsibility.  In re Geurts, 290 Or 241,
245-46, 620 P2d 1373 (1980).  
In this case, we have no difficulty
concluding that the accused's failure to communicate with Cohn went well beyond
"bad customer relations" and violated RPC 1.4(a) and (b).  The
accused failed to discharge his professional responsibility to keep his client
reasonably informed about the status of the case when he did not apprise Cohn
about communications with the Marriott, Cohn's health insurer's assertion of
recovery rights, or his own judgment that settlement negotiations should not be
(and therefore had not been) commenced.  He also failed to discharge his
professional responsibility to respond to reasonable requests for information
when he ignored Cohn's repeated requests for updates and information about the
case and for confirmation of Cohn's understanding of how the case would
proceed.  Those requests were reasonable in substance and timing.  
Finally, the accused failed to
discharge his professional responsibility to explain the case to Cohn to the
extent reasonably necessary to permit Cohn to make informed decisions about
it.  Although "not every failure to respond to a client's requests [for
information] also constitutes a failure to explain a matter sufficiently,"
In re Koch, 345 Or 444, 455, 198 P3d 910 (2008), a lawyer is required to
consult with a client and to discuss concerns that a claim may lack merit or
should not be pursued.  Geurts, 290 Or at 246 n 6 (that a client's claim
lacks merit "cannot excuse a failure promptly to consult with the client
and discuss this conclusion with him").  Here, the accused did not inform
Cohn that he did not believe that Cohn was medically stationary and that,
therefore, settlement negotiations were premature, or that Cohn's case was much
weaker than he previously had believed because of Cohn's other injuries.  Those
conclusions are precisely the kind of information that a client needs to know
in order to make informed decisions about the case.  We find that the Bar has
proved by clear and convincing evidence that the accused violated RPC 1.4(a)
and (b).  
The Bar also contends that the
accused violated RPC 1.3, which provides that "[a] lawyer shall not
neglect a legal matter entrusted to the lawyer."  Neglect is "the
failure to act or the failure to act diligently."  In re Magar, 335
Or 306, 321, 66 P3d 1014 (2003).  An isolated incident of negligent conduct
does not establish neglect; rather, unethical neglect exists when there is a
course of neglectful conduct in the representation of a client.  Id.; Bourcier,
325 Or at 433.
The Bar argues that the accused
neglected Cohn's legal matter by failing to take any action to "meaningfully
investigate or advance" Cohn's claims after his initial activity in
mailing notices to various opposing parties.  The Bar points out that the
accused failed to advocate for Cohn's interests when he ignored requests for
information from the Marriott and Cohn's insurer, and that he took no steps to
investigate concerns raised by Cohn's medical records.  The Bar argues that
this court has found unethical neglect in other cases under similar
circumstances.  For example, in In re Knappenberger, 337 Or 15, 24, 90
P3d 614 (2004), this court found that a lawyer had violated former DR
6-101(B) (predecessor of RPC 1.3) when, over the course of several months, he
failed to read or respond to correspondence dealing with several significant
events in a case he was handling for his client, and failed even to check on
the status of the case despite inquiries from the client.  And in In re
Dugger, 299 Or 21, 697 P2d 973 (1985), this court found that a lawyer
unethically neglected a client for two years when, after filing a construction
lien for his client, he determined that the case lacked merit but did not
inform the client of that conclusion, did not take any other action in the
case, and did not return the client's phone calls.
Whether the accused violated RPC 1.3 in
his representation of Cohn is a close question.  However, on balance, we agree
with the trial panel that the accused's conduct with respect to Cohn's matter
does not rise to the level of an ethical violation.  The accused worked on the
case in July and August 2005.  There is evidence in the record that he may have
reviewed the file in November 2005 and April 2006, although he did not
memorialize any work done at those times.  The trial panel found that the
accused had made a strategic decision not to take any action in the case
because of Cohn's medical instability, and that the accused's lack of action in
the case reflected that strategic decision.  We accept that assessment.  In
addition, during the hearing on these charges, the accused put forth a tactical
justification for not replying to the correspondence from the Marriott and
Cohn's insurer.  Those factors differentiate this case from Knappenberger
and Dugger, although the facts in Dugger are close.  The
distinction between this case and Dugger lies in Dugger's failure, even
after he determined to abandon his client's cause, to so inform the client.  We
hold that the Bar has not shown by clear and convincing evidence that the
accused violated RPC 1.3.  
Finally, the Bar charged the accused
with violating RPC 1.15-1(d), because he failed to return Cohn's file
materials, including his medical records, promptly upon request.  RPC 1.15-1(d)
provides that "[a] lawyer shall promptly deliver to the client or third
person funds or other property that the client or third person is entitled to
receive."  A lawyer's case files are "property" of the client
that must be returned.  See In re Worth, 336 Or 256, 270, 82 P3d
605 (2003) (lawyer violated predecessor of RPC 1.15-1(d) when he failed to
return client files when requested to do so); In re Devers, 317 Or 261,
265, 855 P2d 617 (1993) (same).  The accused does not challenge the trial
panel's finding that he failed promptly to return Cohn's files and medical
records.  We find that the Bar proved by clear and convincing evidence that the
accused violated RPC 1.15-1(d).  
Having found that the accused
violated RPC 1.4(a), RPC 1.4(b), and RPC 1.15-1(d), we turn to the appropriate
sanction.  In so doing, we consider the following factors in deriving a
presumptive sanction:  (1) the ethical duty violated; (2) the lawyer's mental
state; and (3) the actual or potential injury caused by the misconduct.  In
re Jackson, 347 Or 426, 440, 223 P3d 387 (2009); American Bar Association's
Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions (1991) (amended 1992) (ABA
Standards) 3.0(a)-(c).  We then consider whether any aggravating or mitigating
circumstances justify an adjustment to that presumptive sanction.  Jackson,
347 Or at 440-41; ABA Standard 3.0(d).  Finally, we consider the appropriate
sanction in light of this court's case law.  Jackson, 347 Or at 441.  
The accused in this case violated his
duty to his client to act with reasonable diligence and promptness in
communicating with and representing his client, ABA Standard 4.4.  The accused
also violated his duty to preserve his client's property when he failed
promptly to return Cohn's files and records.  ABA Standard 4.1.  
We turn to the accused's mental
state.  A lawyer acts negligently when he fails to "heed a substantial
risk that circumstances exist or that a result will follow" and that
failure "is a deviation from the standard of care that a reasonable lawyer
would exercise in the situation."  ABA Standards at 7.  A lawyer acts
knowingly if he acts with "the conscious awareness of the nature or
attendant circumstances of the conduct but without the conscious objective or
purpose to accomplish a particular result."  Id.  A lawyer acts
intentionally when he acts with "the conscious objective or purpose to
accomplish a particular result."  Id.  The trial panel found that
the accused acted negligently in failing to communicate with Cohn but knowingly
in failing to return Cohn's files and records.
The Bar argues that the record
establishes that the accused acted knowingly in failing to communicate with
Cohn, insofar as the accused knew that he had not returned his client's phone
calls; he knew that he had not answered e-mails; he knew that he had not
informed his client regarding the status of the case; he knew that he had not
explained that his change of strategy as a result of his new impressions of the
facts; and he knew that he had not disclosed to Cohn his opinion that Cohn was
not medically stationary and that Cohn's other injuries would complicate his
case.
In addition, the Bar contends that, although
the record supports the trial panel's finding that the accused acted knowingly
in failing to return Cohn's files and records, there also is evidence to
suggest that the accused acted intentionally to deprive Cohn of those
materials.  Specifically, the Bar points to the accused's testimony at the
hearing in this proceeding suggesting that he did not respond to Cohn's
repeated requests for copies of his medical records because Cohn could have
obtained them himself from his medical providers.  The accused also testified
that he did not provide the case file upon Cohn's request because he assumed that
he would eventually provide it to another lawyer who might take over the
representation.   
We agree with the Bar that the
accused acted knowingly with respect to his violations of RPC 1.4(a) and (b).  That
is, the accused had to have been consciously aware of that he was not
responding to Cohn's phone calls, letters, and e-mails.  Even accepting the
accused's explanation for his failure to respond to Cohn's February 2006 e-mails
and fax, the accused had to have been aware that he had ignored Cohn's numerous
other efforts to communicate with the accused.  In addition, given that Cohn's
inquiries almost always included references to his understanding that recovery,
or at least litigation, was imminent, we find that the accused was aware that
he had not informed his client about either the status of the case or his own
reassessment of the strategy that they would pursue.
However, we disagree with the Bar's
assertion that the accused acted intentionally with respect to his failure to
return Cohn's records and files.  The accused's testimony at the hearing in
this proceeding reveals that he knew that he was obligated to return the case
file to Cohn.  Moreover, the accused's testimony reveals that he was consciously
aware that Cohn had asked for copies of his medical records and for the case
file and that the accused had not sent them.  Clearly, the accused acted
knowingly.  However, our de novo review of the record does not convince
us that the accused acted with "the conscious objective or purpose to
accomplish a particular result," beyond the necessary consequence that the
client would not have the records.
We turn to the question of injury. 
The ABA Standards define "injury" as follows:
"'Injury' is harm to a client, the public, the legal
system, or the profession which results from a lawyer's misconduct.  The level
of injury can range from 'serious' injury to 'little or no' injury; a reference
to 'injury' alone indicates any level of injury greater than 'little or no'
injury."
ABA Standards at 7.  The accused has contended throughout
this proceeding that Cohn did not suffer any injury to his case as a result of
the accused's inaction, because, in his response to Cohn's July 2006 letter, he
offered to initiate a lawsuit if Cohn would advance $500 in filing fees and, in
any event, at the time that Cohn terminated the representation, the statute of
limitations had not yet run.  That argument misses the point.  The accused's
failure to communicate prevented Cohn from taking other measures to pursue his
claim and, together with the accused's failure to return the medical records
and client files, left Cohn in the difficult position of trying to find new
counsel only a few months before the statute of limitations expired.  Moreover,
even if Cohn ultimately would not have been able to recover against the
Marriott, Cohn clearly suffered anxiety and frustration from the accused's lack
of communication and failure to respond to his requests for the files and
records.  Client anguish, uncertainty, anxiety, and aggravation are actual
injury under the disciplinary rules.  See In re Paulson, 346 Or
676, 717, 216 P3d 859 (2009), adh'd to as modified on recons, 347 Or
529, 225 P3d 41 (2010) (anguish and uncertainty are actual injury); In re
Jones, 312 Or 611, 618, 825 P2d 1365 (1992) (client anxiety and aggravation
are actual injury); In re Arbuckle, 308 Or 135, 140, 775 P2d 832 (1989)
(same).  We find that the accused's actions caused actual injury to his client.
The ABA Standards provide that a
suspension is the presumptive sanction for the accused's violations.  ABA Standard
4.12 provides that "[s]uspension is generally appropriate when a lawyer
knows or should know that he is dealing improperly with client property and
causes injury or potential injury to a client."  In addition, ABA Standard
4.42(b) indicates that suspension is appropriate when "a lawyer engages in
a pattern of neglect and causes injury or potential injury to a client."
Having determined preliminarily that
suspension is the appropriate sanction, we consider any aggravating or
mitigating circumstances that would affect our sanction determination.  We find
two aggravating circumstances:  the accused committed multiple offenses, ABA
Standard 9.22(d), and he has substantial experience in the practice of law, ABA
Standard 9.22(i).(2) 
In mitigation, we find that the accused did not have a prior disciplinary
record, ABA Standard 9.32(a); that he did not have a selfish or dishonest
motive, ABA Standard 9.32(b); and that he cooperated with the disciplinary
proceedings, ABA Standard 9.32(e).
On balance, we conclude that a
suspension of some term is appropriate in this case.  We turn to a review of
our case law to help us determine the duration of that suspension.  The Bar
points us to three cases that we agree are pertinent to our analysis:(3) 
In re Knappenberger, In re Dugger, and In re Geurts.
In Knappenberger, the lawyer
had violated former DR 6-101(B) (neglect of a legal matter) by failing
to respond to correspondence regarding significant developments in the case and
by failing to check on the status of the case despite numerous inquiries from
his client.  The court found that the lawyer had acted negligently in
committing that violation, and that the misconduct did not result in as serious
an injury as in other cases.  However, the accused's neglect caused the client
anxiety and frustration and deprived him of the opportunity to respond to
developments in the case.  In addition, the aggravating circumstances in that
case outweighed the mitigating factors.  The court suspended the lawyer for 60
days for that violation.  337 Or at 33.  
In Dugger, the lawyer filed a
construction lien on behalf of his client and then determined that the case
lacked merit.  However, he did not inform the client of that conclusion for
over two years, he did not take any other action in the case, and he did not
return the client's phone calls.  This court found that that conduct violated former
DR 6-101(A)(3) (neglect of a legal matter).  In addition, the court found
that the lawyer misrepresented to his client that he had filed an action to
foreclose the lien, in violation of former DR 1-102(A)(4).  Moreover,
the court found that, after the disciplinary proceeding commenced, the lawyer
failed to promptly and affirmatively respond to Bar inquiries in violation of former
DR 1-103(C) (setting out such a requirement).  The court concluded that a 63-day
suspension was appropriate in that case.  299 Or at 29-30.
Finally, in Geurts, the court found
that, over a period of two years, the lawyer failed to respond to 10-12
telephone calls and two letters from the client, and did not respond to 17
telephone calls and three letters from the opposing party concerning a
settlement offer.  The court imposed a 30-day suspension for the lawyer's
neglect of his client's claim in violation of former DR 6-101(A)(3).  In
doing so, however, the court observed that it recently had begun to treat
lawyer misconduct that involved neglect and procrastination more seriously than
it had in the past, and emphasized that merely because, in Geurts, it
concluded that a 30-day suspension was appropriate, "this should not be
misunderstood to mean that substantially stronger disciplinary measures may not
be applied to future violations of [former] DR 6-101(A)(3)."  290
Or at 246.  
We have been unable to find a case
involving the knowing failure to return client property that did not also
involve much more serious misconduct than was present here.  Nonetheless, as we
discussed above, a suspension of some term also is appropriate for that
violation.  
We think that, in this case, taking
into consideration this court's case law and the aggravating and mitigating
circumstances, a 30-day suspension is warranted.  The accused's behavior was perhaps
most similar to that of the lawyer in Knappenberger.  The court there imposed
a 60-day suspension for a single violation charging neglect of a legal matter. 
Here we have found that the accused committed three separate ethical violations,
but in Knappenberger, the aggravating factors clearly outweighed the
mitigating factors.  The lawyer in Dugger was suspended for 63 days for three
violations of the disciplinary rules, one of which involved a misrepresentation
to a client.  And, as noted, the court suspended the lawyer in Geurts for
30 days for neglecting his client over a two-year period.  
In selecting a sanction, we conclude
that a sanction of 30 days is appropriate.  The accused's actions, although
justifying a suspension, were not as serious as those in the cases on which the
Bar relies.  In our view, a suspension of 30 days strikes the appropriate
balance.
The accused is suspended from the
practice of law for 30 days, effective 60 days from the date of the filing of
this decision.
1. The
accused claimed to have looked at the file in April but had no notes
memorializing that activity.  
2. The
trial panel also found that the accused's refusal to acknowledge the wrongful
nature of his conduct is an aggravating circumstance in this case.  ABA
Standard 9.22(g).  As this court has observed, however, an accused in a bar
disciplinary proceeding has a right to defend himself vigorously against
disciplinary charges, In re Davenport, 334 Or 298, 321, 49 P3d 91, modified
on recons, 335 Or 67, 57 P3d 897 (2002), and we are reluctant to punish a
lawyer for "defend[ing] against accusations respecting his or her personal
character and professional responsibility."  Id.  In this case, it
is sufficient to note that the existence of this aggravating circumstance is
not pivotal to our analysis.  
In addition, the Bar argues for
another aggravating factor, viz., that the accused acted with a dishonest
or selfish motive.  ABA Standard 9.22(b).  The Bar theorizes that the only
explanation for the accused's failure to return Cohn's files was a desire to
hide the fact that he had not responded to the Marriott's requests for
information.  The record does not support that conclusion.
3. The
Bar cites three other cases as well, but we do not find those cases helpful,
because the lawyer's conduct in those cases was substantially more egregious
than that of the accused's here.