Title: In Re: Standard Jury Instructions in Criminal Cases - Instructions 9.1 And 9.2
Citation: N/A
Docket Number: SC14-2343
State: Florida
Issuer: Florida Supreme Court
Date: June 18, 2015

Supreme Court of Florida 
 
 
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No. SC14-2343 
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IN RE:  STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CRIMINAL CASES— 
INSTRUCTIONS 9.1 AND 9.2. 
 
[June 18, 2015] 
 
PER CURIAM. 
 
Previously, upon the proposal of the Supreme Court Committee on Standard 
Jury Instructions in Criminal Cases (Committee), the Court authorized for 
publication and use amendments to instructions 9.1 (Kidnapping) and 9.2 (False 
Imprisonment) in response to recent amendments to section 787.01(3)(a), Florida 
Statutes (2014), and section 787.02(3)(a), Florida Statutes (2014).  In re: Std. Jury 
Instrs. in Crim. Cases—Instructions 9.1 & 9.2, 156 So. 3d 495 (Fla. 2015).  
Because the instructions as amended had not been subject to public comment, the 
Court provided for a comment period.  Id. at 496.  Following our authorization for 
publication and use of instructions 9.1 and 9.2, one comment was received, to 
which the Committee filed a response.  After considering the comment and 
 
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response, we further amend instructions 9.1 and 9.2 as discussed below.1  We have 
jurisdiction.  See art. V, § 2(a), Fla. Const. 
Consistent with the Committee’s recommendation in its response to the 
comment, the definition for “secretly” in instructions 9.1 and 9.2 is amended to 
include the victim’s name, i.e., “(victim),” rather than referring to “the victim.”  
Instructions 9.1 and 9.2 are authorized for publication and use as reflected in the 
appendix to this opinion.  New language is underscored and deleted language is 
indicated by struck-through type.  In authorizing the publication and use of these 
instructions, we express no opinion on their correctness and remind all interested 
parties that this authorization forecloses neither requesting additional or alternative 
instructions nor contesting the legal correctness of the instructions.  We further 
caution all interested parties that any comments associated with the instructions 
reflect only the opinion of the Committee and are not necessarily indicative of the 
views of this Court as to their correctness or applicability. 
It is so ordered. 
LABARGA, C.J., and PARIENTE, LEWIS, QUINCE, CANADY, POLSTON, 
and PERRY, JJ., concur.  
 
NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING MOTION, AND 
IF FILED, DETERMINED.  
 
                                          
 
 
1.  Minor, technical changes to the instructions are not elaborated upon. 
 
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Original Proceedings – Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury Instructions in 
Criminal Cases  
 
Judge Jerri Lynn Collins, Chair, Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury 
Instructions in Criminal Cases, Sanford, Florida; and Bart Neil Schneider, Staff 
Liaison, Office of the State Courts Administrator, Tallahassee, Florida, 
 
for Petitioner 
 
Heatha Love Trigones, Assistant State Attorney, Seventh Judicial Circuit, Daytona 
Beach, Florida, 
 
 
Responding with Comments 
 
 
 
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APPENDIX 
9.1 KIDNAPPING 
§ 787.01, Fla. Stat. 
To prove the crime of Kidnapping, the State must prove the following 
three elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
1. 
(Defendant) [forcibly] [secretly] [by threat] 
[confined] 
[abducted] 
[imprisoned] 
(victim) against [his] [her] will. 
2. 
(Defendant) had no lawful authority to do so. 
3. 
(Defendant) acted with intent to: 
Give 3a, 3b, 3c, or 3d as applicable. 
If 3b is given, define applicable felony. 
a. 
hold (victim) for ransom or reward or as a shield or hostage. 
b. 
commit or facilitate the commission of (applicable felony). 
c. 
inflict bodily harm upon or to terrorize (victim) or another 
person. 
d. 
interfere with the performance of any governmental or 
political function. 
Give when 3b is alleged. See Faison v. State, 426 So. 2d 963 (Fla. 1983). 
In order to be kidnapping, the [confinement] [abduction] 
[imprisonment] 
a. 
must not be slight, inconsequential, or merely incidental to 
the (applicable felony); 
b. 
must not be of the kind inherent in the nature of the 
(applicable felony); and 
 
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c. 
must have some significance independent of the (applicable 
felony) in that it makes the (applicable felony) substantially 
easier of commission or substantially lessens the risk of 
detection. 
Definition. Give if applicable. Bishop v. State, 46 So. 3d 75 (Fla. 5th5th DCA 
2010). 
“Secretly” means the defendant intended to isolate or insulate the 
victim(victim) from meaningful contact or meaningful communication with 
the public. 
Read only if confinement is alleged and victim is under 13 years of age. 
Confinement of a child under the age of 13 is against the child’s will if 
such confinement is without the consent of the child’s parent or legal 
guardian. 
If a violation of § 787.01(3), Fla. Stat., is charged, instruct as follows: 
If you find the defendant guilty of Kidnapping, you must also determine 
whether the State has proved the following aggravating circumstances beyond 
a reasonable doubt: 
1. 
At the time of the Kidnapping, (victim) was under 13 years of age; 
and 
2. 
In the course of committing the Kidnapping, (defendant) 
committed [an Aggravated Child Abuse] [a Sexual Battery against 
(victim)] [a Lewd or Lascivious Battery] [a Lewd or Lascivious 
Molestation] [a Lewd or Lascivious Conduct] [a Lewd or 
Lascivious Exhibition] [a Procuring a Child for Prostitution upon 
(victim)] [a Forcing, Compelling, or Coercing Another to Become 
a Prostitute upon (victim)] [an Exploitation of a Child upon 
(victim)] [Human Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Activity in 
which [a Child under the Age of 18] [a Mentally Defective Person] 
[or] [a Mentally Incapacitated Person] was Involved]. Define 
applicable felony unless included in other instructions. 
 
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Lesser Included Offenses 
KIDNAPPING — 787.01 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
False imprisonment 
 
787.02 
9.2 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Aggravated assault 
784.021 
8.2 
 
Battery 
784.03 
8.3 
 
Assault 
784.011 
8.1 
Comments 
The Kidnapping statute does not exempt a parent from criminal liability for 
kidnapping his or her own child. See Davila v. State, 75 So. 3d 192 (Fla. 2011). 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 1985 [477 So. 2d 985], 
2014 [152 So. 3d 475], and 2015. 
9.2 FALSE IMPRISONMENT 
§ 787.02, Fla. Stat. 
To prove the crime of False Imprisonment, the State must prove the 
following two elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
1. 
(Defendant) [forcibly] [secretly] [by threat] 
[confined] 
[abducted] 
[imprisoned] 
[restrained] 
(victim) against [his] [her] will. 
2. 
(Defendant) had no lawful authority to do so. 
Definition. Give if applicable. Bishop v. State, 46 So. 3d 75 (Fla. 5th5th DCA 
2010).  
“Secretly” means the defendant intended to isolate or insulate the 
victim(victim) from meaningful contact or meaningful communication with 
the public. 
 
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Read only if confinement is alleged and victim is under 13 years of age. 
Confinement of a child under the age of 13 is against the child’s will if 
such confinement is without the consent of the child’s parent or legal 
guardian. 
If a violation of § 787.02(3), Fla. Stat., is charged, instruct as follows: 
If you find the defendant guilty of False Imprisonment, you must also 
determine whether the State has proved the following aggravating 
circumstances beyond a reasonable doubt: 
1. 
At the time of the False Imprisonment, (victim) was under 13 
years of age;  
 
and 
2. 
In the course of committing the False Imprisonment, (defendant) 
committed [an Aggravated Child Abuse] [a Sexual Battery against 
(victim)] [a Lewd or Lascivious Battery] [a Lewd or Lascivious 
Molestation] [a Lewd or Lascivious Conduct] [a Lewd or 
Lascivious Exhibition] [a Procuring a Child for Prostitution upon 
(victim)] [a Forcing, Compelling, or Coercing Another to Become 
a Prostitute upon (victim)] [an Exploitation of a Child upon 
(victim)] [Human Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Activity in 
which [a Child under the Age of 18] [a Mentally Defective Person] 
[or] [a Mentally Incapacitated Person] was Involved]. Define 
applicable felony unless included in other instructions.  
 
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Lesser Included Offenses 
 
FALSE IMPRISONMENT — 787.02 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
None 
 
 
 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Battery 
784.03 
8.3 
 
Assault 
784.011 
8.1 
Comments 
The Faison test for determining whether a particular confinement or 
movement during the commission of another crime constitutes kidnapping, does 
not apply to false imprisonment. Sanders v. State, 905 So. 2d 271 (Fla. 2d DCA 
2005). 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and was amended in 1985 [477 So. 2d 
985], 1998 [723 So. 2d 123], 2014 [152 So. 3d 475], and 2015.