Case Title: Attorney Grievance Comm'n v. Weinberg

Citation: 

Docket Number: 1ag/22

State: maryland

Court: Maryland Supreme Court

Date: 2023-08-31T00:00:00Z

Document:
Attorney Grievance Commission of Maryland v. Asher Newton Weinberg, AG No. 1, 
September Term 2022.  Opinion by Eaves, J. 
 
ATTORNEY DISCIPLINE – SANCTION – INDEFINITE SUSPENSION 
 
The Supreme Court of Maryland found that, in his representation of a client in a criminal 
matter, Respondent: (1) made false statements in pleadings with the court, regarding the 
victim’s ability to identify the client as the perpetrator of crimes against the victim; (2) 
knowingly and recklessly made false statements that impugned the integrity of various 
judges who conducted proceedings in the criminal case against his client; and (3) in 
committing the aforementioned acts, committed misconduct that had the potential to bring  
the legal system into disrepute. 
 
The Supreme Court concluded that Respondent violated the following Maryland 
Attorneys’ Rules of Professional Conduct: 3.3 (Candor Toward the Tribunal), 8.2 (Judicial 
and Legal Officials), and 8.4 (Misconduct). 
 
The Supreme Court concluded that the appropriate sanction is an indefinite suspension with 
the right to apply for reinstatement after six months from the beginning of the period of 
suspension.
Circuit Court for Montgomery County  
Case No. C-15-CV-22-001132   
Argued: May 5, 2023 
 
IN THE SUPREME COURT 
 
OF MARYLAND* 
 
     AG No. 1 
 
September Term, 2022 
                                                      __________________________________________ 
 
ATTORNEY GRIEVANCE COMMISSION OF 
MARYLAND  
 
v. 
 
ASHER NEWTON WEINBERG  
                            
                                                         ___________________________________________ 
 
Fader, C.J., 
Watts, 
Hotten, 
Booth, 
Biran, 
Gould, 
Eaves, 
 
JJ. 
                                                         ___________________________________________ 
   
Opinion by Eaves, J. 
___________________________________________ 
 
Filed: August 31, 2023  
 
* At the November 8, 2022, general election, the voters of Maryland ratified a 
constitutional amendment changing the name of the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court 
of Maryland.  The name change took effect on December 14, 2022.
Pursuant to the Maryland Uniform Electronic Legal Materials 
Act (§§ 10-1601 et seq. of the State Government Article) this 
document is authentic. 
 
Gregory Hilton, Clerk 
2023-08-31 11:21-04:00
 
 
On March 14, 2022, the Attorney Grievance Commission of Maryland (the 
“Commission”), acting through Bar Counsel, filed a Petition for Disciplinary or Remedial 
Action (the “Petition”) against Respondent, Asher N. Weinberg, a member of the Maryland 
Bar, arising out of his representation of Megan B. Lemons and Bar Counsel’s subsequent 
investigation.  The Commission alleged that Respondent violated the following Maryland 
Attorneys’ Rules of Professional Conduct (“MARPC”)1: 
• 19-301.1 Competence (1.1);  
• 19-301.2 Scope of Representation and Allocation of Authority between 
Client and Attorney (1.2);  
• 19-301.16 Declining or Terminating Representation (1.16); 
• 19-303.3 Candor Toward the Tribunal (3.3);  
• 19-303.4 Fairness to Opposing Party and Attorney (3.4);  
• 19-308.2 Judicial and Legal Officials (8.2); and 
• 19-308.4 Misconduct (8.4).    
 
Pursuant to Maryland Rule 19-722(a), this Court referred the matter to the Circuit 
Court for Montgomery County and designated the Honorable Kathleen M. Dumais (the 
“hearing judge”) to conduct an evidentiary hearing and make findings of fact and 
conclusions of law.  After a two-day hearing held on December 12 and 13, 2022, the 
hearing judge found clear and convincing evidence that Respondent violated Rules 1.1; 
1.2(d); 3.3(a)(1); 8.2(a); and 8.4(a), (c), and (d), as alleged by the Commission.2  The 
 
1 Effective July 1, 2016, the Maryland Lawyers’ Rules of Professional Conduct, 
which employed the numbering format of the American Bar Association Model Rules, 
were renamed the MARPC and recodified without substantive modification in Title 19, 
Chapter 300 of the Maryland Rules.  For ease of reference and comparison with our prior 
opinions and those of other courts, we will refer to the MARPC using the numbering of the 
model rules, as permitted by Rule 19-300.1(22). 
 
2 Prior to the hearing, Bar Counsel withdrew the allegations that Respondent 
violated Rules 1.16(a)(1), 3.4(c), and 8.4(b). 
2 
 
hearing judge also found four aggravating factors and four mitigating factors.  Bar Counsel 
recommends that Respondent be indefinitely suspended from the practice of law with a 
right to apply for reinstatement in one year.  Respondent has filed exceptions to the hearing 
judge’s Findings of Facts and Conclusions of Law.  For the reasons discussed below, we 
shall sustain Respondent’s exceptions to Rules 1.1 and 1.2, overrule Respondent’s 
exceptions to Rules 3.3, 8.2, and 8.4, and indefinitely suspend Respondent with the right 
to apply for reinstatement after six months from the beginning of the period of suspension. 
I 
HEARING JUDGE’S FINDINGS OF FACT 
 
 
The hearing judge found that Respondent was admitted to the Bar of the Supreme 
Court of Washington in 2003 and, in his first year as a lawyer, he was a full-time volunteer 
and operated several legal clinics in Tacoma, Washington.  He then worked as a public 
defender in Yakima County, Washington, for approximately five years.  After that, 
Respondent worked for the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation 
“representing tribal members and focusing mostly on criminal law.”  On July 30, 2013, 
Respondent was admitted to the Maryland Bar.  The hearing judge found that, over the 
course of Respondent’s career in Washington and in Maryland, he has handled “hundreds 
and hundreds” of criminal cases. 
A.  
Representation of Megan B. Lemons 
On November 15, 2019, Megan B. Lemons was charged with armed robbery and 
related offenses that occurred at a 7-Eleven in Anne Arundel County on October 15, 2019.  
Important to the State’s case against Ms. Lemons was the identification of the alleged 
3 
 
robber by Kaija Hirsch, a cashier at the 7-Eleven.  At the time of the robbery, Ms. Hirsch 
was behind the check-out counter when an unknown woman approached her, asking to buy 
an item located behind the counter.  As Ms. Hirsch turned to retrieve the item, the woman 
knocked Ms. Hirsch to the ground.  Once Ms. Hirsch was on the ground, the woman jumped 
over the counter and held a knife to Ms. Hirsch’s throat.  The woman proceeded to take 
money out of the cash register before fleeing on foot.  Shortly thereafter, the police 
questioned Ms. Hirsch about the identity of the robber.  Ms. Hirsch described the robber 
as a “White female with olive toned skin[,]” and a wide build, standing somewhere between 
5’ 7” to 5’ 8” tall.  Additionally, the police posted a still photo taken from the 7-Eleven’s 
security camera online, asking the public to help identify the suspect.   
Eventually, a police investigation led to Ms. Lemons being identified as the 
purported robber.  She was arrested in Virginia and extradited to Maryland.  On January 
27, 2020, a bond review hearing was held in the District Court of Maryland for Anne 
Arundel County before the Honorable Danielle M. Mosley.  Judge Mosley ordered that 
Ms. Lemons be held without bond and imposed several special conditions, including the 
condition that Ms. Lemons not contact or harass Ms. Hirsch.  One month later, a grand jury 
sitting in Anne Arundel County indicted Ms. Lemons and her case was transferred to the 
Circuit Court for Anne Arundel County.  The transfer order included Ms. Lemons’ regular 
bond conditions and the special condition that she have no contact with Ms. Hirsch.   
After the case was transferred to the circuit court, Respondent entered his 
appearance on February 23, 2020, on behalf of Ms. Lemons.  A few days after doing so, 
he filed a Motion to Review and Reduce Bond.  The circuit court held a hearing on March 
4 
 
6, 2020, at which the Honorable Robert J. Thompson ordered that Ms. Lemons be released 
on home detention with the condition that she be allowed to travel for “legal, medical, and 
home detention appointments only.”  During the disciplinary hearing, Respondent claimed 
that because Judge Thompson did not include the special condition that Ms. Lemons have 
no contact with Ms. Hirsch in the home detention order, it was Respondent’s understanding 
that “[Judge Thompson] was striking” the no-contact order.  The hearing judge found, 
however, that Judge Thompson did not alter or strike the no-contact order imposed upon 
Ms. Lemons by Judge Mosley.   
Throughout Respondent’s preparation of Ms. Lemons’ case for trial, he consistently 
asserted that the police wrongly identified Ms. Lemons as the robber and that she, therefore, 
was innocent.  In an email to Glen Neubauer, the Assistant State’s Attorney assigned to the 
matter, Respondent stated, in pertinent part:  
I have left another message for the detective, even though he has yet to ever 
return one of my calls.  I want him to come down to the hospital, or I will 
drive Megan there to meet him.  Someone from your side should actually 
meet her in person, and compare her to the person in the video. 
 
If he won’t meet us, i will contact the [Ms. Hirsch], and ask her to meet us, 
and see if she recognizes Megan.  If you have another idea, let me know.  
 
* 
* 
* 
 
Brian,[3] feel free to contact me by phone or e-mail. 
 
I will continue to try to get a hold of the detective. 
 
 
3 “Brian,” who was copied on the email to Mr. Neubauer, is Brian Marsh, a Deputy 
State’s Attorney and Mr. Neubauer’s supervisor in the State’s Attorney’s Office for Anne 
Arundel County.  
5 
 
(All sic in original). 
 
Mr. Neubauer did not respond to the email, so Respondent reached out to Ms. Hirsch 
directly and sent her the following text message:  
Ms. Hirsch.  My name is Asher Weinberg.  I am investigating the 7-11 
robbery where you were the victim.  If you are available to talk, please call 
or text me.  Or, if you have an email address, I would like to send you some 
photos, and see if you recognize the person as the robber.  I would also like 
to find out more information about the height of the woman in relationship 
to you. 
 
Thank you.  
 
Ms. Hirsch responded to the text message, and, in the following week, the two began 
communicating about the robbery via text messages and phone calls.  During one of the 
text-message exchanges, Respondent sent Ms. Hirsch several photographs of different 
women and asked whether she could identify any of the women as the robber.  Ms. Hirsch 
told Respondent that she could not give him a definitive answer.  Eventually, Respondent 
set up an in-person meeting between Ms. Hirsch and Ms. Lemons, and he sent the following 
text message to Ms. Hirsch: 
Megan can no longer afford to be on the ankle bracelet, which means she 
may need to turn herself back into jail on Monday.  If you could meet with 
us tomorrow or Friday, that would be very helpful!  I can drive her down to 
wherever you want, at anytime you want.  I hate to be pushy but with Covid, 
the courts are not having any trials until probably November or December, 
and if she id truly innocent, I don’t want her sitting in jail until then. 
 
Thank you.  
 
(All sic in original).  In response, Ms. Hirsch agreed to meet with Ms. Lemons. 
On June 5, 2020, Respondent personally transported Ms. Lemons to an agreed-upon 
location.  In total, the meeting lasted 15 minutes, and Respondent, Ms. Lemons, Ms. 
6 
 
Hirsch, and a friend of Ms. Hirsch were present.  During that time, Respondent questioned 
Ms. Hirsch about the description of the robbery suspect.  Although Ms. Hirsch observed 
that the robber was closer to the height of the Respondent than to Ms. Lemons’ height, Ms. 
Hirsch still definitively could not rule out Ms. Lemons as the suspect.  At his disciplinary 
hearing, Respondent testified that, although he did not specifically ask Ms. Hirsch that 
question, Ms. Hirsch did not tell him that Ms. Lemons was not the robber. 
 
Two days after the meeting, Respondent texted Ms. Hirsch the following: “Good 
evening.  I am filing a motion tomorrow to try and get [Ms. Lemons] release.  May I say 
that when we meet, you could not identify her as your attacker?  Would that be accurate?”  
(All sic in original).  Ms. Hirsch did not respond to this text message.  Respondent then 
called Ms. Hirsch, but she was unable to give a definitive answer as to whether she could 
identify Ms. Lemons as the robber.  Ms. Hirsch was, however, able to say that she perceived 
the robber to be taller and heavier than Ms. Lemons. 
 
The hearing judge found that,  
based on [Ms. Hirsch’s] testimony and the copies of the written 
communications, at no point did Ms. Hirsch tell Respondent that Ms. Lemons 
was not the individual who committed the robbery or give him consent to 
make that representation on her behalf.  In accepting Ms. Hirsch’s testimony 
in its entirety, the Court finds that during her verbal and written exchanges 
with the Respondent, she never gave the Respondent a definitive answer as 
to whether Ms. Lemons was the individual who committed the robbery.  Ms. 
Hirsch testified consistently that, at the time of the robbery, she perceived 
the robber to be taller and heavier because of the terror she felt being robbed 
at knifepoint.  The Court credits Ms. Hirsch’s testimony that she was never 
certain about the robber’s identity and never made any affirmative statements 
to the Respondent regarding whether Ms. Lemons was or was not the 
individual who committed the robbery. 
 
7 
 
B. 
Respondent Files Various Motions with the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel 
County 
 
Continuing to believe that Ms. Lemons was misidentified as the robber, Respondent 
filed with the circuit court a “REQUEST FOR HEARING IN JUNE BEFORE 
DEFENDANT BECOMES HOMELESS AND IS LIVING ON THE STREET IN ORDER 
TO DETERMINE WHETHER PROBABLE CAUSE STILL EXISTS TO HOLD MS. 
LEMONS” (the “Motion” or “June 18 Motion”).  In the Motion, Respondent argued that 
the State did not have probable cause to continue its detention of Ms. Lemons.  In support 
of his proposition, Respondent represented to the court that Ms. Hirsch “will testify that 
after seeing [Ms. Lemons] in person, she is 100% positive that [Ms. Lemons] was NOT the 
robber.”  At the disciplinary hearing, however, Respondent admitted that Ms. Hirsch never 
made that statement and “never conveyed to him that she would testify that Ms. Lemons 
was not the robber.”  Thus, the hearing judge found that Respondent knowingly and 
intentionally misrepresented that Ms. Hirsch would testify with 100% certainty that “Ms. 
Lemons was NOT the robber.” 
Shortly after filing the Motion, Respondent filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas 
Corpus4 (“Habeas Petition”), asking for Ms. Lemons’ release.  In the Habeas Petition, 
Respondent claimed the following:  
7. Defense Counsel arranged for Ms. Lemons and the victim of the robbery 
to meet.  After meeting with Ms. Lemons, the victim spoke to Counsel by 
phone and stated with absolute certainty, Ms. Lemons was not the robber.  
She is prepared to testify to this.   
 
 
4 Respondent filed the Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus in a civil case that was 
assigned Case No. C-02-CV-20-1400. 
8 
 
* 
* 
* 
14. The victim of the robbery, Kaija Hirsch will testify that Ms. Lemons was 
not the robber. 
 
Because receipt of the Habeas Petition was the first time that the State became aware that 
Respondent had arranged for Ms. Lemons and Ms. Hirsch to meet, the State filed in 
response a request for the circuit court to inquire about the meeting.  The court held a 
hearing before the Honorable Mark W. Crooks, in which the parties addressed the June 5, 
2020, meeting between Respondent, Ms. Lemons, and Ms. Hirsch.  Judge Crooks 
expressed concerns about the meeting and the potential evidentiary issues that it may have 
created:  
[T]his Court finds that the original order controlled throughout the order that 
was put in place, which was a no contact order provision, and not 
withstanding Judge Thompson – presumably, it might have had to do with 
Covid, I don’t know, but had some habeas or bond review, and concluded 
that there were limited exceptions to the no bond house arrest to meet with 
counsel, and medical appointments, and that kind of thing.   
 
And this Court interprets that as being an umbrella that would have forced 
all of the ability – even that alone would have forced all the ability for the 
victim to meet with the Defendant, which in no case is appropriate.  
 
(Alteration in original). 
During the disciplinary hearing, Respondent acknowledged that he arranged the 
meeting and transported Ms. Lemons to the meeting location.  Respondent testified that, 
while making the arrangements for, and during, the meeting, he was operating under the 
assumption that the order for home detention superseded the initial order, as well as the 
restrictions imposed on Ms. Lemons, including the no-contact order.  At the hearing, 
Respondent alternatively claimed that he was unaware of the no-contact order until the 
9 
 
hearing before Judge Crooks, stating that, “I don’t believe I had that knowledge [of the no-
contact order] at that – when I brought [Ms. Lemons] to meet with Ms. Hirsch, I don’t 
believe I was aware that there was any kind of no-contact order in place.”  The hearing 
judge did not find Respondent’s testimony credible and found that, “as of June 3, 2020, . . 
. Respondent knew or should have known the no-contact order was in place[]” and that he 
“assisted Ms. Lemons in violating the order.” 
The hearing judge further stated,  
[i]n addition to his inconsistent statements and evolving explanations, 
the Court has considered the Respondent’s extensive experience 
representing criminal defendants, and that it is standard for a court to 
issue a no contact provision between a victim and defendant in a 
criminal case.  The Respondent had access to Ms. Lemons’ entire court 
file through the Maryland Electronic Court (“MDEC”) e-filing system, 
and, knowing of Ms. Lemons’ bond status and conditions, filed a 
Motion to Reduce Bond on February 27, 2020. 
 
Following the hearing with Judge Crooks, the State filed on October 6, 2020, a 
motion in limine, arguing that Respondent’s presence at the meeting between Ms. Lemons 
and Ms. Hirsch made him a potential trial witness and that the court should “preclude [the 
defense’s] use of anything obtained at, or as a result of, the meeting [the Respondent] set 
up between [Ms. Lemons] and the victim, Kaija Hirsch.”  (Second alteration in original).  
The Honorable Pamela K. Alban heard arguments on the State’s motion.  Over 
Respondent’s objection, Judge Alban found that Respondent’s conduct violated the court’s 
no-contact order and that he made himself a potential witness for the State.  Judge Alban 
stated the following:  
You committed – potentially committed a crime here by the initial interview 
with the victim and so based on that, and as I look at the interactions, the 
10 
 
results, I don’t need to rehash all of it again for you but the problem becomes 
that the effects of what occurs after your meetings, I think opens the door and 
allows Ms. (sic) Neubauer more latitude in cross examination and potential 
witness calling.  
 
Thus, Judge Alban struck the Respondent’s appearance and directed the parties to then-
County Administrative Judge, the Honorable Laura S. Ripken,5 for a hearing to postpone 
the trial.  Judge Alban advised that, before Judge Ripken, Ms. Lemons could have the 
matter postponed or elect to proceed without counsel.  Ms. Lemons opted to have her trial 
postponed to December 17, 2020, and a bond hearing was set for October 16, 2020.   
 
At the October 16 bond hearing, Ms. Lemons was represented by Maria E. Mena.  
The parties appeared before Judge Ripken to review Ms. Lemons’ home detention status.  
Although he was no longer Ms. Lemons’ attorney of record, Respondent appeared in the 
courtroom’s gallery and attempted to address the court on behalf of Ms. Lemons.  Judge 
Ripken denied his request to be heard and reminded him that his appearance had been 
stricken.  At the conclusion of the hearing, Judge Ripken revoked the bond for Ms. Lemons 
and scheduled a further bond hearing to allow Ms. Lemons time to find another home 
monitoring company that she could afford and that would be acceptable to the court.   
 
The subsequent bond hearing was held before the Honorable Richard R. Trunnell 
on October 19, 2020.  Present at the hearing was Ms. Lemons, Ms. Mena, and the 
Respondent, who again was seated in the gallery of the courtroom.  At the conclusion of 
the hearing, Judge Trunnell ruled that Ms. Lemons could be released from the Anne 
Arundel Detention Center to a private house arrest program to which she had been 
 
5 Judge Ripken has since been elevated to the Appellate Court of Maryland.  
11 
 
accepted.  Judge Trunnell directed the attorneys of record, Mr. Neubauer and Ms. Mena, 
to submit an order that comported with his ruling for his signature.  Following the hearing, 
however, Respondent used his personal email to send a proposed order for Ms. Lemons’ 
home detention monitoring to Judge Trunnell’s chambers.  In response to that email, Judge 
Trunnell’s chambers sent Respondent a letter advising him not to contact his chambers 
regarding Ms. Lemons’ matter unless or until his appearance had been reinstated.6    
Although he was no longer Ms. Lemons’ attorney of record, during the disciplinary 
hearing, Respondent told the hearing judge that he sent the proposed home detention 
monitoring order to Judge Trunnell’s chambers because he did not have access to a laptop 
to file the order using MDEC.  He also stated that Ms. Mena, who is not well versed in 
using technology,7 dictated the order while he was typing it, and that she gave him 
permission to send the order on her behalf.  The order, however, had the Respondent’s  
signature block.  Respondent also told the hearing judge that he had authority to send the 
order because Judge Alban had no authority to strike his appearance.8 
 
6 Respondent attempted to be reinstated as Ms. Lemons’ attorney on two separate 
occasions.  First, on October 14, 2020, Respondent filed a motion purportedly on behalf of 
Ms. Lemons, requesting that the court order “Attorney Asher Weinberg be recognized as 
Attorney for Defendant in this matter[.]”  The court did not rule on the motion.  Second, 
on October 22, 2020, Ms. Mena filed a motion requesting that the court reinstate 
Respondent as attorney for Ms. Lemons.  The court denied the motion. 
 
7 At the disciplinary hearing, Respondent testified that “Ms. Mena, she’s essentially 
computer illiterate.  I do a lot of her IT stuff.  I’ll write emails for her [and] I’ll write some 
motions for her.” 
 
8 Although the hearing judge found that, during the disciplinary hearing, Respondent 
repeatedly challenged Judge Alban’s authority to strike his appearance, that “question 
12 
 
C.  
Respondent Speaks to Ms. Hirsch After His Appearance Has Been Stricken 
Eventually, Ms. Lemons reached a plea agreement with the State and her case was 
scheduled for a hearing on February 5, 2021.  A few days before the plea hearing, however, 
Respondent sent Ms. Hirsch one last text message about Ms. Lemons: 
Thank you for your honesty with the State.  You are now guilty of victimizing 
an innocent woman as the real robber is.  I’m sure Glen [Neubauer] 
convinced you that megan was guilty, even though everyone who saw the 
video said it looked nothing like megan.  But glen tried to cover that up.  
Megan has to take a plea to something she didn’t do to stay out of jail.  
 
Thanks again.  
 
You can go to court on Friday morning and watch the “justice.”  I’ll bet he 
told you “it’s for her own good.  She needs the help.”  Even though you know 
it wasn’t her, and never told him that.  If the real robber kills her next victim, 
don’t bother feeling guilty.   
 
(All sic in original).   
 
Ms. Hirsch provided a copy of that text message to Mr. Neubauer, and the State 
filed the next day a motion requesting that the court order Respondent not to have any 
contact with Ms. Hirsch or any other State’s witness.  As the matter of State v. Lemons was 
resolved on February 5, 2021, with Ms. Lemons entering an Alford plea to second-degree 
assault and theft from $100 to $1,500, no further hearing was held on the State’s motion, 
and the court, therefore, did not issue a ruling.   
 
The hearing judge credited Ms. Hirsch’s testimony that Respondent’s final text 
message “hurt” because she thought she was “doing the right thing by trying to be honest 
 
[was] not before the Court.”  Thus, the hearing judge did not make a finding of fact as to 
this particular point by Respondent.  
13 
 
and helping[] . . . figure out whether or not[] . . . Megan was [the robber].”  The judge also 
found that Respondent’s text was “inappropriate,” “[could] be considered harassing[,]” and 
“show[ed] extremely poor judgment.” 
D.  
Respondent’s Statements About Multiple Judges After the Conclusion of State v. 
Lemons 
 
Six months after the conclusion of State v. Lemons, Respondent made statements 
that the hearing judge found impugned the integrity of Judge Alban, the Honorable J. 
Michael Wachs, and the Honorable William C. Mulford II.9  First, Respondent made 
repeated statements about Judge Alban during an August 6, 2021, hearing in the case of 
State v. Delvon Harrod, II.10  Second, Respondent sent an email to the County 
Administrative Judge, the Honorable Glenn L. Klavans,11 repeating the statements he made 
about Judge Alban during the August 6 hearing and including statements about Judges 
Wachs and Mulford.  Third, Respondent created a flyer with statements about Judges Alban 
and Wachs.  As to all of these matters, the hearing judge found that “Respondent does not 
deny making the statements or that the statements impugned the integrity of Judge Alban, 
Judge Wachs, and Judge Mulford.  Rather, he asserts the statements were true, though he 
offered no proof of the statements[.]” 
 
9 Judge Mulford retired on February 14, 2022, and now sits as a Senior Judge.  
 
10 This matter was before the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel County, Case No. C-
02-CR-18-002457. 
 
11 Judge Klavans retired on April 19, 2023, and now sits as a Senior Judge. 
14 
 
1. Respondent’s statements during the August 6, 2021, hearing 
On August 6, 2021, Respondent appeared before Judge Alban for a bond review 
hearing on behalf of the defendant in State v. Harrod.  At the hearing, Respondent asked 
Judge Alban to recuse herself.  In support of his request, Respondent stated the following:  
You[, Judge Alban,] are a liar, you are biased, you have demonstrated bias, 
you have stepped into the shoes of the State’s Attorney on occasion, you 
refuse to apply the law when it doesn’t suit your purposes or when you don’t 
agree with it.  You are complicit in kidnapping and basically you are corrupt 
for a judge.  So I have to ask you that you recuse yourself.  
 
(All sic in original).  Judge Alban denied Respondent’s request.  Throughout the hearing, 
Respondent renewed his request for Judge Alban to recuse herself, repeating that Judge 
Alban was “a liar,” “biased,” “corrupt,” “complicit in kidnapping,” and improperly stepped 
“into the shoes of the State’s Attorneys” and that, therefore, Mr. Harrod, could not get a 
fair hearing.  Judge Alban again denied his request, and the hearing in the Harrod case 
resumed.  
 
The hearing judge found that the Respondent’s statements about Judge Alban “were 
not opinions and that they were made with reckless disregard as to their truth or falsity and 
that each of the statements impugned Judge Alban’s integrity.” 
2. Respondent’s August 8, 2021, email correspondence with Judge Klavans 
 
On August 8, 2021, Respondent sent Judge Klavans an email that stated the 
following:  
Good afternoon,  
 
I am writing to request that a number of the Judges in your courthouse be 
permanently recused from any case I am named in, due to their corruption 
which has spread though rot in the judiciary of Anne Arundel Circuit Court.  
15 
 
 
Among these are: 
 
Pam Alban.  While on the bench, she has lied, acted as a State’s attorney, 
demonstrated bias towards the state, and is complicit in kidnaping.  She also 
refuses to apply the law when it does not suit her personal beliefs, even 
thought the law was very clear on the issues at hand.  When I asked her to 
recuse herself at my hearing, on Friday, she stated that she did not see any of 
that in her actions.  That is either another lie, or more bias.  
 
Judge Wachs: His demonstrated bias against the Defense Bar, his hypocrisy, 
and his refusal to apply the law has caused permanent harm to my some of 
my clients.  
 
Judge Mulford: His bias against me, his allowing, along with Pam Alban, 
State’s attorney to lie to the Court, and commit fraud upon the Court all 
remove him from the ability to be fair and impartial to me or my clients.  
 
Additionally, as part of my goal to expose the corruption within your Court, 
and to try and bring about a political action against them, I shall be 
distributing the attached flyer, or similar, in front of your courthouse on 
random morning and lunch times.  
 
Please help to protect my client’s constitutional rights, and what is left of the 
integrity of the Court in your country.   
 
(All sic in original).   
 
In addition to the above, Respondent also claimed that Judge Alban  
allowed “[Mr. Neubauer] to lie to the Court [] and commit fraud upon the 
Court” as demonstrated by the Respondent’s testimony that Mr. Neubauer 
filed a response to the Respondent’s motion that did not cite case law and 
that, according to the Respondent, Mr. Neubauer stated that the witnesses in 
the Lemons matter all changed their positions regarding the identification of 
Ms. Lemons as the robber after speaking with the Respondent. 
 
(Alterations in original). 
16 
 
Judge Klavans responded to the email in which he explained that recusal is left to the 
individual judge.  He denied Respondent’s request to permanently recuse Judges Alban, 
Wachs, and Mulford from hearing cases where he appeared as counsel.    
3. Respondent’s August 2021 flyer  
 
Attached to Respondent’s email to Judge Klavans was a copy of a flyer he intended 
to circulate outside of the courthouse.  The flyer had photographs of Judges Wachs and 
Alban with an “X” superimposed over each of their images.  Beneath each photograph 
were the words, “Bias, Lawless, Criminality[.]”  In addition, the flyer included a link to a 
website named “AnneArundelCorruptCourts.com.”12  Also at the bottom of the flyer there 
was a tagline, “Anne Arundel Circuit Court – Where our Constitution Comes to Die[,]” 
and a QR code13 that directed users to a publicly available Change.org petition14 calling on 
former Maryland Governor Larry Hogan to recall Judges Wachs and Alban for “violat[ing] 
 
12 It is not discernable from the record what the content of the website was. 
 
13 “QR Code, in full Quick Response Code, [is] a type of bar code that consists of a 
printed square pattern of small black and white squares that encode data[.]  QR Codes are 
often used in advertising to encode a URL of a Web site[.]  QR Codes are usually read with 
. . .  [the] camera on mobile telephones, which then use special software to decode the 
pattern[,]” allowing the user to go directly to the Web site.  Erik Gregersen, QR Code, 
Britannica (April 03, 2023), https://www.britannica.com/technology/QR-Code archived at 
https://perma.cc/5Y8H-GTW9.  
 
14 Change.org is a website that allows individuals to create their own petitions to 
advance 
what 
they 
believe 
are 
important 
social 
causes. 
Change.org, 
https://www.change.org/about archived at https://perma.cc/RK6J-528U.   
 
17 
 
their oath of office.”15  (Alteration in original).  Respondent disseminated the flyer to Judge 
Klavans and several attorneys and posted it on the listserv16 for the Maryland Criminal 
Defense Attorneys’ Association.  After considering Respondent’s testimony at the 
disciplinary hearing, the hearing judge found that the statements Respondent made in the 
email to Judge Klavans and on the flyer regarding Judges Alban and Wachs were “not 
opinion, and . . . [were] made . . . with reckless disregard as to [their] truth or falsity.” 
II 
HEARING JUDGE’S CONCLUSIONS OF LAW 
 
The hearing judge found by clear and convincing evidence that Respondent violated 
Rules 1.1; 1.2(d); 3.3(a)(1); 8.2(a); and 8.4(a), (c), and (d). 
A.  
Rules 1.1 and 1.2  
 
 
Rule 1.1 states: “An attorney shall provide competent representation to a client.  
Competent representation requires legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness, and preparation 
reasonably necessary for the representation.”  Meanwhile, Rule 1.2(d) states:  
An attorney shall not counsel a client to engage, or assist a client, in conduct 
that the attorney knows is criminal or fraudulent, but an attorney may discuss 
the legal consequences of any proposed course of conduct with a client and 
may counsel or assist a client to make a good faith effort to determine the 
validity, scope, meaning, or application of law.  
 
 
15 During Respondent’s disciplinary hearing, the Change.org petition to recall 
Judges Alban and Wachs was available to public.  Currently, however, the Change.org 
petition is no longer accessible.   
16 A listserv, as used by the Maryland Criminal Defense Attorney’s Association, is 
a “[d]iscussion list” that allows online community members to “send a message to the list 
for distribution to all subscribers.”  About Discussion Lists: Building Virtual Communities, 
https://www.lsoft.com/products/about_discussionlists.asp archived at https://perma.cc/
NNG4-LDMX.  Recipients of a message can opt to respond to the message and engage in 
a back-and-forth discussion.  See id.  
18 
 
According to the hearing judge, Respondent violated Rule 1.1 and 1.2(d) because he “knew 
about the no contact order . . . when he assisted his client in violating the no contact order 
by arranging the meeting with Ms. Hirsch, transporting Ms. Lemons to the meeting, and 
facilitating communication between Ms. Lemons and Ms. Hirsch on June 5, 2020.” 
B.  
Rule 3.3  
 
Rule 3.3(a)(1) states that an attorney shall not knowingly “make a false statement 
of fact or law to a tribunal or fail to correct a false statement of material fact or law 
previously made to the tribunal by the attorney[.]”  The hearing judge found that 
Respondent violated Rule 3.3(a)(1) when he filed the June 18th Motion and the Habeas 
Petition.  In the Motion, the hearing judge found that Respondent knowingly and 
intentionally misrepresented the fact that Ms. Hirsch was “100% positive” that Ms. Lemons 
was not the robber; and, in the Habeas Petition, that Respondent knowingly and 
intentionally misrepresented that Ms. Hirsch had “stated with absolute certainty” that Ms. 
Lemons was not the robber. 
C.  
Rule 8.2 
Rule 8.2(a) states:  
An attorney shall not make a statement that the attorney knows to be false or 
with reckless disregard as to its truth or falsity concerning the qualifications 
or integrity of a judge, adjudicatory officer, or public legal officer, or of a 
candidate for election or appointment to judicial or legal office. 
 
 
The hearing judge found that Respondent made oral and written statements that were made 
with reckless disregard as to their truth or falsity in violation of Rule 8.2(a) when he made 
statements about: (1) Judge Alban at the August 6, 2021, hearing in State v. Harrod, (2) 
19 
 
Judges Alban, Wachs, and Mulford in his August 8, 2021, email to Administrative Judge 
Klavans, and (3) Judges Alban and Wachs in the flyer attached to an email to Judge 
Klavans, which was also publicly disseminated and made available on a public website. 
D.  
Rule 8.4  
 
 
Rule 8.4 states, in pertinent part, that it is professional misconduct for an attorney 
to “(a) violate or attempt to violate the Maryland Attorneys’ Rules of Professional 
Conduct;” 
“(c) 
engage 
in 
conduct 
involving 
dishonesty, 
fraud, 
deceit 
or 
misrepresentation;” and “(d) engage in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of 
justice[.]”  
 
First, the hearing judge found that Respondent violated Rule 8.4(a) when he violated 
multiple rules under the MARPC.  Second, she also found that Respondent violated Rule 
8.4(c) by making “false statement[s] knowing that [they were] untrue.”  Specifically, the 
hearing judge concluded that the violations of Rule 3.3 constitute violations of Rule 8.4(c).  
Finally, the hearing judge concluded that Respondent’s statements, including those made 
directly to Judge Alban, in the email to Judge Klavans, and in the flyer violated Rule 8.4(d).  
Quoting from Attorney Grievance Commission. v. Basinger, 441 Md. 703, 713 (2015), the 
hearing judge stated that Respondent’s statements “were neither inartful slips of the tongue 
nor spoken in the heat of an oral altercation[,]” and that his conduct “br[ought] the legal 
profession into disrepute.”   
E. 
Aggravating and Mitigating Factors 
The hearing judge found four aggravating factors: (1) a pattern of misconduct; (2) 
multiple violations of the rules of professional conduct; (3) submission of false evidence, 
20 
 
false statements, or other deceptive practices during the attorney disciplinary process; and 
(4) substantial experience in the practice of law.  The hearing judge also found four 
mitigating factors: (1) absence of a prior disciplinary record; (2) absence of a dishonest or 
selfish motive; (3) remorse; and (4) unlikelihood of repetition of the misconduct. 
III 
STANDARD OF REVIEW 
 
“This Court has original jurisdiction and complete jurisdiction in attorney discipline 
proceedings and conducts an independent review of the record.”  Att’y Grievance Comm’n 
v. Jackson, 477 Md. 174, 182 (2022).  We review a hearing judge’s findings of fact for 
clear error.  See Md. Rule 19-740(b)(1).  If, however, the respondent has not filed 
exceptions to the hearing judge’s findings of fact, this Court may accept the findings of 
fact as established.  See Md. Rule 19-740(b)(2)(A).  We review a hearing judge’s 
conclusions of law without deference and determine whether clear and convincing 
evidence establishes that a lawyer violated the MARPC.  See Md. Rule 19-740(b)(2); Md. 
Rule 19-727(c).  In the matter before us, Bar Counsel has not filed any exceptions; 
however, pursuant to Rule 19-728(b), Respondent has filed exceptions to the hearing 
judge’s findings and conclusions.   
IV 
EXCEPTIONS 
 
In providing context for his exceptions, Respondent characterizes his conduct and 
representation of Ms. Lemons as passionate and zealous advocacy on behalf of a 
mistakenly identified and accused perpetrator of the crimes against Ms. Hirsch.  He 
acknowledges that he “admittedly went too far to protest what he believed to be a 
21 
 
miscarriage of justice” and went “overboard in protesting his removal from the case of a 
woman considered innocent[.]”  Respondent also describes his conduct as “[t]inged with 
hyperbole[,]” “provocative[,]” and an “exercise[ in] poor judgment [which]. . . he regrets.”  
But he faults the hearing judge for dismissing as reckless his complaints about Ms. 
Lemons’ treatment by the circuit court and not examining the merits of the rulings of the 
circuit court in Ms. Lemons’ criminal case to determine whether his conduct was 
sanctionable.  Specifically, Respondent excepts to the hearing judge’s findings of fact and 
conclusions of law which we have summarized as follows: 
1. 
Respondent argues that the hearing judge refused to examine the circuit 
court’s judicial rulings concerning his removal as Ms. Lemons’ attorney.  
Among those rulings, Respondent believes the hearing judge was required 
to consider whether: (1) the circuit court improperly required him to provide 
competent evidence to support the allegations he made; and (2) the circuit 
court was required to hold an evidentiary hearing before striking his 
appearance as Ms. Lemons’ attorney.17  In addition, Respondent argues that 
the hearing judge failed to require Bar Counsel to produce clear and 
convincing evidence that Respondent’s statements were uttered with actual 
knowledge of their falsity or that they recklessly disregarded the truth.  He 
urges us to find that, in accordance with New York Times v. Sullivan, 376 
U.S. 254 (1964), Bar Counsel had the burden to show “actual malice” with 
respect to the statements he made, and that Bar Counsel failed to do so.18 
 
2. 
The hearing judge had no basis to find that Respondent violated the no 
contact order because that restriction was only in a commitment order that 
was vacated when Judge Thompson signed a Release from Commitment and 
 
17 In his Supplemental Memorandum, Respondent provides an additional exception 
that, in summary, contends that the hearing judge presumed Respondent’s statements were 
false, and that she shifted the burden to Respondent to prove they were true, and that she 
failed to examine the merits of Respondent’s complaint.  We address these points in the 
broader exception raised here. 
 
18 In this exception, Respondent raises two issues: (1) Ms. Lemons’ Sixth 
Amendment right to counsel of her own choosing; and (2) his right to criticize the circuit 
court judges and their rulings.  We will address them separately. 
22 
 
issued a home detention order that did not include the restriction.  In 
addition, because the home detention order permitted Ms. Lemons to leave 
home to attend legal appointments, the meeting with Ms. Hirsch qualifies as 
a legal appointment. 
 
3. 
The hearing judge erroneously required Respondent to prove “to [the 
hearing judge’s] satisfaction” that he accurately recounted Ms. Hirsch’s 
statements as to the identity of the robber in his pleadings before the circuit 
court and those made during his arguments to Judge Alban.  Pursuant to 
Maryland Rule 1-311(b), when he signed his various motions to release Ms. 
Lemons from jail, Respondent had a good-faith basis to believe that Ms. 
Hirsch would testify consistently with the language in those motions.  And, 
as he testified at his disciplinary hearing, Ms. Hirsch stated in a phone call 
that “it was not Meghan…[t]he robber was much bigger than her[, w]alk was 
different . . . . she said it wasn’t her.” 
 
4. 
That, while he was “unceremoniously discharged,” the hearing judge should 
not have punished him for (1) attempting to speak up for Ms. Lemons before 
Judge Ripken, (2) offering information to Judge Trunnell, or (3) sending the 
last “caustic text” to Ms. Hirsch.  Respondent contends that he is being 
punished for going “above and beyond to fight for a client divested of 
fundamental rights.” 
 
With respect to the exceptions, we conclude that Respondent’s exceptions as to 
Rules 3.3(a)(1), 8.2(a), and 8.4(d) have no merit and we shall overrule them.  Respondent’s 
exceptions as to Rules 1.1 and 1.2(d), however, are well-taken, and we shall sustain them.  
We explain our reasons below. 
V 
ANALYSIS 
 
It is helpful to bifurcate Respondent’s exceptions into those that encompass more 
general allegations versus those that directly challenge specific findings or conclusions 
made by the hearing judge.  Thus, we proceed accordingly. 
 
 
23 
 
 
A. 
General Exceptions 
 
1. The Hearing Judge had No Obligation to Review the Circuit Court’s 
Rulings as to Ms. Lemons’ Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel of her Choice 
 
Respondent spent a significant portion of his exceptions arguing that Judge Alban’s 
removal of him as Ms. Lemons’ attorney violated Ms. Lemons’ Sixth Amendment right to 
counsel of her choice.  Citing State v. Goldsberry, 419 Md. 100 (2011), Respondent argues 
that the hearing judge should have found that Judge Alban “lacked any legally-sufficient 
basis for overriding a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to choose her own counsel.”  In 
Goldsberry, we stated that the presumption in favor of the right to counsel of one’s own 
choosing may be overcome “not only by a demonstration of actual conflict but by a 
showing of a serious potential for conflict.”  419 Md. at 118 (quoting Wheat v. United 
States, 486 U.S. 153, 164 (1988)).  Here, however, Judge Alban’s ruling to strike 
Respondent’s appearance as Ms. Lemons’ attorney was not subject to review by the hearing 
judge.  That process is covered under our rules governing appeals in criminal cases.19  
Rather, the hearing judge’s responsibility was to determine whether Respondent’s conduct 
violated the MARPC by clear and convincing evidence.20 
 
19 See Md. Rule 4-408 (“An application for leave to the Appellate Court shall be 
governed by Rule 8-204”); see also Md. Rule 8-204(b)(2)(A) (generally an “application 
[for leave to appeal] shall be filed within 30 days after entry of the judgment from which 
the appeal is sought.”). 
 
20 The role of the hearing judge in an attorney disciplinary matter is to help 
determine “a lawyer’s fitness to practice law[.]”  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Green, 278 
24 
 
Respondent suggests that the hearing judge still was required to review Judge 
Alban’s ruling to determine whether Respondent’s criticisms of that ruling and Judge 
Alban were warranted.  If Respondent’s criticisms were factual commentary on Judge 
Alban’s ruling, or if he had simply criticized her for getting the law wrong, we would agree.  
However, Respondent (1) called Judge Alban a liar, (2) accused her of being biased and 
acting as the prosecutor, (3) accused her of “refus[ing] to apply the law when it doesn’t suit 
[her] purpose or when [she does not] agree with it; (4) said she was “complicit in 
kidnapping,” and (5) accused her of being corrupt.  Whether those accusations qualify as 
misconduct does not turn in any way on the correctness of Judge Alban’s ruling.  Because 
the hearing judge properly declined to review the legality of the circuit court’s decision to 
strike Respondent’s appearance, we find no error.  Thus, we overrule this exception. 
2. Respondent is not being Punished for Zealously Representing Ms. Lemons 
 
Respondent argues that, despite “much evidence that [Ms. Lemons] was completely 
innocent,” her Sixth Amendment rights were “trampled on” by Judge Alban, and because 
he hoped that Ms. Hirsch would exonerate his client, this Court should not punish him for 
his conduct in going “above and beyond to fight [to prevent Ms. Lemons from being] 
divested of fundamental rights.”  This Court, therefore, should find that “the vigorous 
defense he provided is worthy of commendation, not condemnation.”  We do not agree that 
Respondent is being punished for zealously representing Ms. Lemons.   
 
Md. 412, 414–15 (1976); see also Md. Rule 19-300.1 (observing that the MARPC define 
an “attorney’s professional role[]” not the rights of their client(s)). 
25 
 
In his exceptions, Respondent raised this issue with respect to his last email to Ms. 
Hirsch in which he blamed her for Ms. Lemons’ pleading guilty.  He also notes that “he 
exercised poor judgment in a brief but caustic text.”  Although Respondent initially was 
charged with an ethical violation arising from sending the text to Ms. Hirsch pursuant to 
Rule 3.4,21 Petitioner voluntarily dismissed that allegation.  And nothing in the record 
reflects that the hearing judge found a violation of Rule 3.4 based on Respondent harassing 
Ms. Hirsch.   
Here, our holdings in this matter with respect to violations of the MARPC with 
which Respondent has been charged also do not concern any alleged harassment of Ms. 
Hirsch by Respondent pursuant to Rule 3.4 or any other MARPC.  Therefore, Respondent 
has not shown by a preponderance of the evidence that he is being punished for zealously 
representing Ms. Lemons, and we overrule this general exception. 
B.  
Specific Exceptions 
1. Rules 1.1 and 1.2(d): Respondent did not Violate the No-Contact Order when 
he Arranged the Meeting between Ms. Lemons and Ms. Hirsch 
 
An attorney violates Rule 1.1 if they “fail[] to comply with court orders.” Att’y 
Grievance Comm’n v. Parris, 482 Md. 574, 592 (2023).  An attorney also violates Rule 
1.2(d) if they “assist the client in breaking the law.”  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Culver, 
381 Md. 241, 275 (2004).  In this case, the hearing judge found that Respondent 
simultaneously violated Rules 1.1 and 1.2(d) when he arranged the meeting between Ms. 
 
21 Pursuant to Rule 3.4(c), an attorney shall not “knowingly disobey an obligation 
under the rules of a tribunal except for an open refusal based on an assertion that no valid 
obligation exists.” 
26 
 
Lemons and Ms. Hirsch in violation of the no-contact order believed to be in effect at the 
time of the meeting on June 5, 2020.  We do not agree with the hearing judge that there 
was clear and convincing evidence that the no-contact order was still in effect, and we will 
sustain Respondent’s exceptions that he violated these two rules.  Below, we provide some 
context as to the timeline of events that perhaps created some of the confusion about the 
status of the no-contact order. 
Respondent offers several reasons in support of his exception that he did not violate 
the no-contact order and that he also did not assist Ms. Lemons in doing so.  First, he claims 
that he was not aware of the order entered by Judge Mosley in the District Court on January 
27, 2020, because he did not enter his appearance until February 23, 2020, after the case 
had been transferred to the circuit court.  Specifically, Respondent testified during his 
disciplinary hearing that he had no way of knowing that Judge Mosley’s no-contact order 
existed prior to him entering his appearance in the matter because he “lacked familiarity” 
with the MDEC system22 and, thus, should be forgiven for not researching the order prior 
to his appearance.  We do not give this justification any weight for two reasons.  Attorneys 
have been required to use MDEC for cases filed in Anne Arundel County since 2014,23 so 
 
22 MDEC is the electronic case management processing and record-keeping system 
used in the State of Maryland’s court system.  Through MDEC, state courts “collect, store 
and process records electronically, and will be able to access complete records instantly as 
cases travel from District Court to Circuit Court[.]”  In essence, MDEC allows for paper 
records to be available online and on-demand.  https://mdcourts.gov/mdec/about archived 
at https://perma.cc/RN8D-EJ5Q.   
 
23 “MDEC launched in October 2014 in Anne Arundel County[.]”  MDEC 
Updates/Alerts, https://mdcourts.gov/mdec/latestupdatesarchive#mdec20170612 archived 
at https://perma.cc/6S82-D3Z4.  
27 
 
this purported lack of familiarity with the system is confounding and not persuasive.24  
Also, at the time Respondent entered his appearance in the circuit court after Ms. Lemons 
was indicted on February 21, 2020, Judge Mosley’s order carried over to the circuit court 
in accordance with Maryland Rule 4-216.3(a).25  Thus, we agree with the hearing judge 
that Respondent should have been aware of Judge Mosley’s order because it was in the 
circuit court file when he entered his appearance, and a review of the file reflected the no-
contact prohibition on the order. 
Second, Respondent argues that he did not pay attention to the February 27, 2020, 
circuit court Commitment because it was not signed by a judge, but by the Clerk of the 
Court.  He conveniently disregards, however, the fact that Judge Mosley’s order was still 
in effect, having carried over from the District Court.   
Third, Respondent excepts because he contends that Judge Thompson’s order 
superseded the prior orders that contained the no-contact provision.  He points out that, on 
March 6, 2020, Judge Thompson reviewed Ms. Lemons’ bail status and issued an order 
that superseded Judge Mosley’s order—the Order for Home Detention, which released Ms. 
Lemons from confinement in the detention center.  Although the hearing judge found that 
Judge Thompson did not “alter or strike” the no-contact order, we disagree with this 
 
 
24 See Comment 6 to MARPC 1.1 (“To maintain the requisite knowledge and skill, 
an attorney should keep abreast of changes in the law and its practice, engage in continuing 
study and education and comply with all continuing legal education requirements to which 
the attorney is subject.”  (Emphasis added)). 
25 “When conditions of pretrial release have been previously imposed in the District 
Court, the conditions continue in the circuit court unless amended or revoked pursuant to 
section (b) of this Rule.”  Md. Rule 4-216.3(a). 
28 
 
finding.  Here, it was not unreasonable for Respondent to conclude that the March home 
detention order superseded both the circuit court Commitment dated February 27, 2020, as 
well as Judge Mosley’s order.  The home detention order did not expressly incorporate by 
reference any prior orders or terms; it purports to stand on its own, and it does not include 
the no-contact prohibition.  Moreover, certain terms of the two orders were clearly in 
conflict, as Judge Mosley’s order required that Ms. Lemons be held without bond, and 
Judge Thompson ordered that she be released on home detention.  As a result, it was not 
unreasonable for Respondent to conclude that, as of March 6, 2020, the no-contact order 
was no longer in force.26  When Respondent and Ms. Lemons met with Ms. Hirsch on June 
5, 2020, it was not unreasonable for him to believe that Judge Mosley’s order was no longer 
in effect because the no-contact order was not reinstated until the hearing before Judge 
Crooks on July 28, 2020. 
Thus, although it was inadvisable for Respondent to arrange the meeting between 
Ms. Lemons, the charged suspect, and Ms. Hirsch, the victim, this conduct is not clear and 
convincing evidence of a violation of either Rule 1.1 or Rule 1.2(d) because it was not 
unreasonable for Respondent to conclude that the no-contact order was not in effect at the 
time of the meeting.  Accordingly, we sustain the Respondent’s exceptions to the hearing 
judge’s conclusions of law that Respondent violated them. 
 
26 Respondent offers an additional, untenable reason for excepting to the hearing 
judge’s finding that he violated the no-contact order: that Judge Thompson’s order for 
home detention permitted Ms. Lemons to leave her home for legal appointments, and a 
meeting with Ms. Hirsch qualifies as such.  We find this reasoning to be baseless, as it 
strains credulity that the home detention order could be interpreted to permit Ms. Hirsch to 
leave home to have contact with the victim of the crimes with which she is charged. 
29 
 
2. Rule 3.3(a)(1): Respondent Misrepresented to the Circuit Court Ms. 
Hirsch’s Statements as to whether she could Identify Ms. Lemons as the 
Robber 
 
The hearing judge found that Respondent violated Rule 3.3(a)(1) when he filed the 
June 18 Motion and the Habeas Petition in the circuit court.  In the Motion, the hearing 
judge found that Respondent knowingly and intentionally misrepresented the fact that Ms. 
Hirsch was “100% positive” that Ms. Lemons was not the robber; and, in the Habeas 
Petition, Respondent knowingly and intentionally misrepresented that Ms. Hirsch “stated 
with absolute certainty,” that Ms. Lemons was not the robber.   
In his exceptions, Respondent argues that his statements made in the Motion and 
Habeas Petition were not direct quotes of Ms. Hirsch.  Instead, Respondent claims that 
those statements were merely what he perceived would be Ms. Hirsch’s “anticipated 
testimony.”  Thus, according to Respondent, because he had more than substantial factual 
justification to proffer what he expected Ms. Hirsch to say, he did not make any false 
statements of fact to the court.  We do not agree for the following reasons.  
“As one might expect, an attorney violates Rule 3.3(a)(1) when [they] knowingly 
provide[] a court with false information.”  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. White, 480 Md. 319, 
378 (2022) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).  In his June 18 Motion, 
Respondent articulated to the circuit court that “Ms. Hirsch will testify that after seeing 
Ms. Lemons in person, she is 100% positive that Ms. Lemons was NOT the robber.”  
Similarly, in the Habeas Petition, Respondent definitively stated that Ms. Hirsch, “[a]fter 
meeting with Ms. Lemons, . . . spoke to Counsel by phone and stated with absolute 
certainty, Ms. Lemons was not the robber.  She is prepared to testify to this.”  Further, in 
30 
 
the Motion, Respondent said that “Ms. Hirsch will testify that Ms. Lemons was not the 
robber.”   
At the disciplinary hearing, however, Ms. Hirsch testified to the opposite of 
Respondent’s representations, stating:  
• She never told anyone, including Respondent, that she was 100 percent positive 
that Ms. Lemons was not the robber;  
 
• She never gave Respondent a definitive answer when he asked her if she could 
identify Ms. Lemons;  
 
• She never told Respondent that she was prepared to testify in court that Ms. 
Lemons was not the robber; 
 
• She never gave Respondent permission to make any sort of representation on her 
behalf, to the court, that Ms. Lemons was not the robber; and   
 
• She never stated to anyone, either in text or verbally, that she could say whether 
Ms. Lemons was or was not the robber.  
 
As we have consistently reiterated, the hearing judge, who “is in the best position to assess 
first hand a witness’s credibility[,]” accepted Ms. Hirsch’s testimony in its entirety and 
credits the fact that Ms. Hirsch was never certain about the robber’s identity and never 
made any affirmative statements to Respondent.  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Smith, 442 
Md. 14, 35 (2015) (quoting Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Sheridan, 357 Md. 1, 17 (1999)).   
Indeed, our review of the record shows that Ms. Hirsch’s testimony was 
significantly different than the misrepresentations in the pleadings filed by Respondent.  In 
addition, during the hearing, Respondent admitted that Ms. Hirsch never told him whether 
she was “100% positive” that Ms. Lemons was the robber, and that she never conveyed to 
him that she would testify that Ms. Lemons was not the robber.  Instead, Respondent 
31 
 
admitted that his proffer to the court about Ms. Hirsch’s testimony was based on “a lot of 
information.”  But most importantly, claimed Respondent, his proffer was based on Ms. 
Hirsch’s testimony that the robber was shorter than Ms. Lemons; thus, he assumed that Ms. 
Hirsch would testify that Ms. Lemons is 100 percent not the robber. 
As the reviewing court, we cannot say that the hearing judge’s assessment of Ms. 
Hirsch’s credibility was clearly erroneous, and we accept it in full.  Accordingly, 
Respondent violated Rule 3.3(a)(1) when he wrote the following: “Ms. Hirsch will testify 
that after seeing Ms. Lemons in person, she is 100% positive that Ms. Lemons was [not] 
the robber[;]” “After meeting with Ms. Lemons, [Ms. Hirsch] spoke to Counsel by phone 
and stated with absolute certainty, Ms. Lemons was not the robber[;]” and “The victim of 
the robbery, Kaija Hirsch will testify that Ms. Lemons was not the robber.”  Respondent 
knew this was blatantly untrue.  Thus, we overrule Respondent’s exceptions to the 
conclusion of law that he violated Rule 3.3(a)(1). 
3. Rule 8.2(a): Respondent Made Statements that were Knowingly False and 
Reckless and Impugned the Integrity of the Judges about whom the Statements 
were Made 
 
Rule 8.2(a) provides: 
An attorney shall not make a statement that the attorney knows to be false or 
with reckless disregard as to its truth or falsity concerning the qualifications 
or integrity of a judge, adjudicatory officer or public legal officer, or of a 
candidate for election or appointment to judicial or legal office. 
 
A violation of Rule 8.2(a) requires three things: that (1) a lawyer made a false statement; 
(2) the statement concerned the qualifications or integrity of a judge or a candidate for 
judicial office; and (3) the lawyer made the statement with knowledge that it was false or 
32 
 
with reckless disregard as to its truth or falsity.  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Stanalonis, 
445 Md. 129, 139 (2015).  We make three observations about adjudicating alleged 
violations of Rule 8.2(a). 
First, the purpose of the rule is to protect “the integrity of the judicial system, and 
the public’s confidence therein[,]” not to protect judges from unkind or undeserved 
criticism.  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Frost, 437 Md. 245, 263 (2014).  With that in mind, 
“certain phrases, alone, may not necessarily rise to the level of an attack on a judicial officer 
or public legal officer sufficient to warrant action[.]”  Id. at 262.  But when “used in 
conjunction with false factual allegations of corrupt activity . . . [it] is clearly in violation 
of Rule 8.2(a).”  Id. 
Second, to ensure that enforcement of Rule 8.2(a) does not infringe on core speech 
rights, a high standard is embedded within that rule, which encompasses only speech that 
is false and made with knowledge of its falsity or with reckless disregard as to its truth or 
falsity.  As we observed in Attorney Grievance Commission v. Stanalonis, “[i]n the First 
Amendment context, ‘reckless disregard for truth or falsity’ evokes the subjective test for 
civil liability for defamation of a public figure set forth [in] New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 
376 U.S. 254 (1964).”  445 Md. at 143 (parallel citations omitted).  Under that test, 
“reckless disregard” demands more than just a conclusion that a reasonable person would 
have refrained from making the comment or performed additional investigation.  That 
standard demands that the plaintiff produce “sufficient evidence to permit the conclusion 
that the defendant in fact entertained serious doubts as to the truth of [the defendant’s] 
33 
 
publication.”27  Id. (quoting St. Amant v. Thompson, 390 U.S. 727, 731 (1968)).  
Nonetheless, as we highlighted in Stanalonis: “Every Maryland attorney takes an oath to 
act ‘fairly and honorably.’”  445 Md. at 149.   
Third, as we recently stated in Attorney Grievance Commission v. Pierre: 
[I]n assessing both whether a statement is false and whether the speaker had 
knowledge of its falsity or acted with reckless disregard thereof, there is an 
important distinction between statements of fact and statements of opinion.  
“Under the First Amendment there is no such thing as a false idea. . . .  But 
there is no constitutional value in false statements of fact.  Neither the 
intentional lie nor the careless error materially advances society’s interest in 
‘uninhibited, robust, and wide-open’ debate on public issues.”  Gertz v. 
Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323, 339-40 (1974) (quoting Sullivan, 376 U.S. 
at 270).  Although statements of opinion are generally not subject to being 
proven false, statements of fact are.  Moreover, statements of opinion, even 
those widely viewed as erroneous or unfair, are both less likely to mislead 
and more valuable to protect in the service of free and open public discourse 
than are false statements of fact.  See id.  It is therefore false statements of 
fact that are the subject of MARPC 8.2(a) and analogous provisions in other 
states.  See, e.g., Matter of Callaghan, 796 S.E.2d 604, 628 (W. Va. 2017) 
(finding judicial candidate’s materially false statements on campaign flyer 
impugning opponent were not protected by First Amendment and violated 
rules of professional conduct); In re O’Toole, 24 N.E.3d 1114, 1126 (Ohio 
2014) (“Lies do not contribute to a robust political atmosphere, and 
‘demonstrable falsehoods are not protected by the First Amendment in the 
same manner as truthful statements.’” (quoting Brown v. Hartlage, 456 U.S. 
45, 60 (1982)); In re Chmura, 608 N.W.2d 31, 33 (Mich. 2000) (finding 
canon of judicial conduct restricting false or misleading public 
communications by judicial candidates unconstitutionally overbroad before 
narrowing it to prohibit only “knowingly or recklessly using forms of public 
communication that are false”). 
__ Md. __, 2023 WL 5266218 *1, *14 (2023). 
 
27 As we observed in Stanalonis, there is disagreement among the states concerning 
whether an objective or subjective test should apply in attorney discipline cases.  445 Md. 
at 143.  As in that case, we need not resolve that disagreement here because it would not 
be dispositive as to whether Mr. Weinberg violated MARPC 8.2(a). 
34 
 
Finally, when an attorney’s statements are made during litigation—either in court 
or in court filings—we must also take great care to ensure that we do not chill speech or 
conduct that might legitimately advance the interests of their clients.  A similar interest is 
protected in our defamation jurisprudence, where we afford absolute privilege for in-court 
statements that bear a rational relationship to the matter before the court.  See Norman v. 
Borison, 418 Md. 630, 650, 653–54 (2011).  Such statements are protected “even if [the 
attorney’s] purpose or motive was malicious, [the attorney] knew that the statement was 
false, or [the attorney’s] conduct was otherwise unreasonable.”  Id. at 651 (quoting Adams 
v. Peck, 288 Md. 1, 3 (1980)).  “We give the privilege a broad and comprehensive 
interpretation, so as to foster the free and unfettered administration of justice[,]” because 
the “ultimate purpose of the judicial process is to determine the truth.”28  Id. at 651–52 
(citations and internal quotation marks omitted).   
Unlike a defamation action, “there is no absolute privilege that would protect an 
attorney from disciplinary action.”  Frost, 437 Md. at 268 n.14.  However, the same general 
purpose underlying the absolute judicial privilege from defamation actions mandates the 
exercise of great caution in attorney discipline matters to ensure that our enforcement of 
Rule 8.2(a) does not chill lawyers from engaging in potentially legitimate advocacy.  For 
that reason, statements made in court or in court filings should form the basis for a violation 
 
28 That protection is less “broad and comprehensive” for out-of-court attorney 
speech extrinsic to judicial proceedings.  See, e.g., Norman, 418 Md. at 659 (discussing 
higher threshold for applying absolute privilege to statements made extrinsic to a judicial 
proceeding). 
35 
 
of Rule 8.2(a) only when they could not conceivably be viewed as part of legitimate 
advocacy. 
Accordingly, we begin our review first with the statements Respondent made at the 
hearing before Judge Alban, the August 8, 2021, email to Judge Klavans, and the August 
2021 flyer. 
i. The August 6, 2021, hearing before Judge Alban  
On August 6, 2021, Respondent was representing the defendant in State v. Harrod.  
The hearing judge found that Respondent’s statements during that hearing were all made 
with reckless disregard as to their truth or falsity, impugning the integrity of the judge.  
Respondent contends that Bar Counsel failed to prove that these statements were made 
with reckless disregard as to their truth or falsity.  As found by the hearing judge, 
Respondent’s statements about Judge Alban were “random statements not based on fact.”  
Indeed, when Bar Counsel asked him to provide details about instances in which Judge 
Alban lied and was biased, he indicated that breaking her judicial oath made her a liar.  In 
addition, he admits that his claim that Judge Alban was “complicit in kidnapping” related 
to Ms. Lemons’ bond being revoked by Judge Ripken and being returned to detention.29 
As noted, in-court statements made in the course of representing clients should form 
the basis for a Rule 8.2(a) violation only when they could not conceivably be viewed as 
 
29 Ms. Lemon’s bail was revoked because she violated the terms and conditions of 
her pretrial release while serving home detention. 
 
36 
 
part of legitimate advocacy, lest we inadvertently chill legitimate speech or conduct.30  
Respondent’s statements were made in connection with his motion for Judge Alban to 
recuse herself from presiding over a case involving a client of Respondent (not Ms. 
Lemons).  Because they were made in court in connection with a motion made on behalf 
of a client, it is appropriate to carefully scrutinize Respondent’s statements at the August 
6, 2021, hearing. 
After Respondent asked Judge Alban to recuse herself, Judge Alban asked him to 
state the basis for his request.  He responded: 
You are a liar, you are biased, you have demonstrated bias, you have stepped 
into the shoes of the State’s Attorney on occasion, you refuse to apply the 
law when it doesn’t suit your purposes or when you don’t agree with it.  You 
are complicit in kidnaping and basically you are corrupt for a judge.  So I 
have to ask you that you recuse yourself. 
Later in the hearing, Respondent renewed his request for recusal, stating: “You are a liar, 
you are bias[ed], you step into the shoes of the State’s Attorneys, you are corrupt, you are 
complic[it] in kidnaping, and my client cannot get a fair hearing in front of you.” 
 
30 We acknowledge that we have not previously articulated this standard, and that 
we have found violations of Rule 8.2(a) on at least two occasions based on statements made 
in court filings in the course of representing clients.  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. McClain, 
406 Md. 1, 15–16, 18 (2008) (sustaining Rule 8.2(a) violation based on an attorney’s 
assertion in a brief that the judge was motivated by personal bias); Att’y Grievance Comm’n 
v. DeMaio, 379 Md. 571, 585 (2004) (sustaining a Rule 8.2(a) violation by an attorney 
who, among other things, filed a motion containing “false, spurious and inflammatory 
representations and allegations with respect to” the Chief Judge and Clerk of the Appellate 
Court of Maryland).  However, it does not appear that the respondents in those cases argued 
that a different standard should apply or raised a concern about chilling legitimate 
advocacy. 
37 
 
Because he made very similar statements on two occasions during different parts of 
the hearing, it is clear that Respondent’s comments were neither mistaken nor the product 
of a surge of unfortunate or regrettable emotion, but instead were considered and 
intentional.  That is also clear from the explanation he provided to the hearing judge, which 
is, in essence, that his statements were true.  He claimed that Judge Alban: (1) is a liar 
because she broke her oath to uphold the Constitution by ignoring controlling law in at 
least two cases; (2) is biased because, among other reasons, she ignored governing case 
law to rule in favor of the State, denied a motion to reinstate without a hearing, reported 
him to Bar Counsel without reporting his opposing counsel, and spoke negatively of him 
with other judges; (3) struck his appearance as counsel in Lemons; (4) was complicit in 
kidnapping because Ms. Lemons would not have been taken into custody if Judge Alban 
had not removed him as counsel; and (5) is corrupt for all those reasons.  The hearing judge 
concluded that those explanations were “random statements that are not based on fact” and, 
therefore, that Respondent’s statements were made with reckless disregard as to their truth 
or falsity. 
Certain of Respondent’s statements, if made by themselves, could conceivably be 
part of legitimate advocacy in connection with a recusal motion, including his contentions 
of general bias and providing improper assistance to an opposing party.  Indeed, if an 
attorney believes that a judge has demonstrated bias justifying recusal, it will ordinarily be 
incumbent on the attorney to raise that issue and explain the basis.  See, e.g., In re Dixon, 
994 N.E.2d 1129, 1138 (Ind. 2013) (stating that “[c]ounsel’s advocacy on such [recusal for 
bias] matters must not be chilled by an overly restrictive interpretation of Rule 8.2(a)”).  If 
38 
 
Respondent had stopped there, we would not be inclined to conclude that he violated Rule 
8.2(a), notwithstanding the falsity of the claims. 
Here, however, Respondent went further, accusing Judge Alban of being “complicit 
in kidnaping” and being “corrupt for a judge.”  As the hearing judge correctly found, those 
are statements of fact, not opinion; they were false; and, absent any reasonable articulable 
basis for Respondent to have believed they were true, were made with at least reckless 
disregard for their truth or falsity.  The fervency of Respondent’s belief that his former 
client had been wronged neither justifies nor excuses his false, public accusations of 
corrupt, criminal behavior by Judge Alban.  We cannot discern any conceivable role for 
such accusations in legitimate advocacy.  Thus, Respondent’s statements during the August 
6, 2021, hearing violated MARPC 8.2(a).  See, e.g., Frost, 437 Md. at 260–62 (finding 
Rule 8.2(a) violation where attorney made statements accusing judges of corruption).  
Moreover, a lawful order of detention is not a crime of kidnapping.  The hearing judge, 
therefore, properly found that these statements were made with reckless disregard as to 
their truth or falsity and impugned Judge Alban’s integrity.  Thus, we do not find that the 
hearing judge’s finding is clearly erroneous, and we overrule Respondent’s exception as to 
these statements made by Respondent at the hearing on August 6, 2021.  
ii. The August 8, 2021, email to Administrative Judge Klavans 
 
On August 8, 2021, Respondent sent Judge Klavans the following email, which, in 
relevant part, stated:  
Pam Alban.  While on the bench has lied, acted as a State’s attorney, 
demonstrated bias towards the state, and is complicit in kidnapping.  She also 
refuses to apply the law when it does not suit her personal beliefs[.]  
39 
 
 
Judge Wachs:  H[e] [has] demonstrated bias against the Defense Bar, his 
hypocrisy, and his refusal to apply the law has caused permanent harm to [ ] 
some of my clients.  
 
Judge Mulford: His bias against me, his allowing, . . . [the] State’s [A]ttorney 
to lie to the Court, and commit fraud upon the court, all remove him from the 
ability to be fair and impartial to me or my clients[.] 
 
Respondent requested that the three judges “be permanently recused from any case [he is] 
named in[.]”  The email was sent only to Judge Klavans.  The hearing judge concluded that 
Respondent’s statements contained in the email to Judge Klavans, concerning Judges 
Alban, Wachs, and Mulford, violated Rule 8.2(a).   
We disagree with the hearing judge’s finding of fact and conclusions of law with 
respect to the email.  Although Respondent’s statements in the email were unseemly and 
intemperate, and many of them were false, the purpose of Rule 8.2(a) is to “protect[] the 
integrity of the judicial system, and the public’s confidence therein,” and “not to protect 
judges[] . . . from unkind or [even] undeserved criticisms.”  Frost, 437 Md. at 263.  We fail 
to see how criticisms made only in a document sent to one administrative judge could 
potentially have an adverse effect on the integrity of the judicial system or the public’s 
confidence therein.  As a result, we find no clear and convincing evidence that any of the 
statements in Respondent’s August 8, 2021, email support the conclusion that he violated 
Rule 8.2(a).  We, therefore, sustain Respondent’s exceptions to the hearing judge’s 
conclusion of law that Respondent violated Rule 8.2(a) with respect to the statements in 
the email. 
 
40 
 
iii. The August 2021 flyer  
The hearing judge found that Respondent also violated Rule 8.2(a) because of the 
statements he made in the flyer and disseminated to a listserv used by the Maryland 
Criminal Defense Attorneys’ Association.  Respondent was aware that other attorneys and 
judges outside of the listserv also had seen the flyer, as well as the recall petition that was 
accessible by the QR code.  Respondent claims that he was seeking to have Ms. Lemons 
released and that the judges’ actions preventing this should be exposed.  The hearing judge 
also rejected this testimony and concluded that the statements in the flyer were made with 
“reckless disregard as to [their] truth or falsity, [and] impugned the integrity” of the judges.   
Having been circulated that broadly, it was easily foreseeable that the flyer could 
have been, and perhaps was, distributed to the public (i.e., members outside the legal 
profession).  Moreover, the flyer did not merely accuse the judges targeted in it (Judges 
Alban and Wachs) of getting the law wrong or even generally being biased.  Instead, it 
directly accused both of them of being “Lawless” and exhibiting “Criminality.”  Those 
accusations fall squarely within the type of “false, scandalous or other improper attacks 
upon a judicial officer” that we have previously held are “subject to discipline” under Rule 
8.2(a).  Frost, 437 Md. at 265 (quoting In re Evans, 801 F.2d 703, 707 (4th Cir. 1986)); 
see also see Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. McClain, 406 Md. 1, 15–16, 18 (2008) (finding 
that attorney violated Rule 8.2(a) when the attorney asserted in a brief that a judge was 
motivated by personal bias); Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. DeMaio, 379 Md. 571, 585 (2004) 
(finding that attorney violated Rule 8.2(a) when the attorney made “false, spurious and 
41 
 
inflammatory representations and allegations with respect to” the Chief Judge and Clerk of 
the Appellate Court of Maryland).   
On the flyer, Respondent also accused Judge Wachs of refusing to apply the law, 
refusing to consider evidence, denying a required hearing, and applying the rules unfairly.    
And he accused Judge Alban of refusing to apply the law when it did not fit the results she 
wanted, ignoring laws and rules she does not like, and unlawfully depriving a woman of 
counsel.  Although some of those statements, if made on their own, might not rise to the 
level of supporting an 8.2(a) violation, we must view the statements on the flyer in their 
totality, including the statements accusing Judges Wachs and Alban of lawless and criminal 
behavior.  After an independent review of the record, we find that the hearing judge’s 
determination is not clearly erroneous.  We conclude that the Respondent violated Rule 
8.2(a) when he distributed the August 2021 flyer.  Thus, we overrule his exception as to 
the hearing judge’s conclusion on this violation. 
4. Rules 8.4(a), (c), and (d): Respondent Violated Multiple Rules; Engaged in 
Conduct Involving Dishonesty, Fraud, or Misrepresentation; and Engaged in 
Conduct Prejudicial to the Administration of Justice 
 
Here, the hearing judge found that Respondent violated Rule 8.4(a) when he 
“violate[d] any other Rule under the MARPC.”  Parris, 482 Md. at 597 (citations and 
internal quotation marks omitted).  Next, she also found that Respondent violated Rule 
8.4(c) by making “false statement[s] knowing that [they were] untrue.”  Specifically, the 
hearing judge concluded that the violations of Rule 3.3(a)(1) constitute violations of Rule 
8.4(c).  That is—the hearing judge found that Respondent’s June 18 motion and the Habeas 
Petition misrepresented what Ms. Hirsch would testify to with respect to whether she could 
42 
 
identify Ms. Lemons as the person who assaulted her and robbed the 7-11 store.  And 
finally, the hearing judge concluded that Respondent’s statements, including those made 
directly to Judge Alban, as well as those in the email to Judge Klavans and in the Flyer, 
violated Rule 8.4(d) because the statements “were neither inartful slips of the tongue nor 
spoken in the heat of an oral altercation,” and that his conduct “tend[ed] to bring the legal 
profession into disrepute.”  We agree with most of these findings and conclusions of law 
by the hearing judge. 
First, because we conclude that Respondent violated Rules 3.3(a)(1) and 8.2(a), we 
also conclude that he violated Rule 8.4(a) by “violat[ing] . . . the Maryland Attorneys’ 
Rules of Professional Conduct[.]”  Md. Rule 19-308.4(a); see also Att’y Grievance 
Comm’n v. Hoerauf, 469 Md. 179, 214 (2020) (noting that an attorney violates Rule 8.4(a) 
when “he or she violates any other Rule under the MARPC”).   
Second, as to Rule 8.4(c), Respondent made knowing and intentional 
misrepresentations to the circuit court in his June 18 Motion and Habeas Petition in 
violation of Rule 3.3(a)(1).  Both pleadings contain knowingly false representations of 
what Ms. Hirsch would testify to regarding her identification of Ms. Lemons as the person 
who assaulted her and robbed the 7-11.  Indeed, the averments do not come close to what 
Ms. Hirsch had maintained each time she and Respondent communicated about the identity 
of the perpetrator. 
Finally, an attorney violates Rule 8.4(d) if they engage in conduct that “negatively 
impacts the public’s perception of the legal profession.”  Basinger, 441 Md. at 712 (quoting 
Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. McDowell, 439 Md. 26, 39 (2014)).  We agree that the August 
43 
 
6 in-court statements to Judge Alban and those statements about Judges Alban and Wachs 
in the flyer, along with the QR code linking to the recall petition, impugned the judges’ 
character because they were publicly disseminated.  By doing so, Respondent negatively 
impacted the public’s perception of the legal profession as contemplated by Rule 8.4(d).  
With respect to the statements in the August 8 email that Respondent sent to Judge Klavans, 
however, we do not find that those statements in the email constitute violations of Rule 
8.4(d) for the reasons we explained above in Section IV(B)(3)(i).  Excluding those 
statements, Respondent’s conduct certainly reflects negatively on the legal profession, 
impairs public confidence in the legal system, and had the potential to engender disrespect 
for the courts throughout the State.  We conclude, therefore, that this conduct violates Rule 
8.4(d) by clear and convincing evidence. 
VI 
AGGRAVATING AND MITIGATING FACTORS  
 
 
In every attorney discipline case, we consider whether any aggravating and 
mitigating factors are present.  To begin, we briefly review the established aggravating 
factors:  
(1) prior attorney discipline; (2) a dishonest or selfish motive; (3) a pattern 
of misconduct; (4) multiple violations of the M[A]RPC; (5) bad faith 
obstruction of the attorney discipline proceeding by intentionally failing to 
comply with the Maryland Rules or orders of this Court [ ]; (6) submission 
of false evidence, false statements, or other deceptive practices during the 
attorney discipline proceeding; (7) a refusal to acknowledge the 
misconduct's wrongful nature; (8) the victim's vulnerability; (9) substantial 
experience in the practice of law; (10) indifference to making restitution or 
rectifying the misconduct's consequences; (11) illegal conduct, including 
that involving the use of controlled substances; and (12) likelihood of 
repetition of the misconduct. 
 
44 
 
White, 480 Md. at 385 (quoting Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Keating, 471 Md. 614, 639 
(2020)).  On the opposite end, we consider the following mitigating factors:   
[A]bsence of a prior disciplinary record; absence of a dishonest or selfish 
motive; personal or emotional problems; timely good faith efforts to make 
restitution or to rectify consequences of misconduct; full and free disclosure 
to disciplinary board or cooperative attitude toward proceedings; 
inexperience in the practice of law; character or reputation; physical or 
mental disability or impairment; delay in disciplinary proceedings; interim 
rehabilitation; imposition of other penalties or sanctions; remorse; and 
finally, remoteness of prior offenses. 
 
Id. at 385–86 (quoting Keating, 471 Md. at 639–40).  While it is Bar Counsel’s obligation 
to prove each aggravating factor by clear and convincing evidence, the burden for 
Respondent is less onerous, requiring proof of any mitigating factors only by a 
preponderance of the evidence.  Id. at 386 (citing Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Karambelas, 
473 Md. 134, 171 (2021)).   
 
Here, the hearing judge found the following four aggravating factors: a pattern of 
misconduct; multiple violations of the rules of professional conduct; submission of false 
evidence, false statements, or other deceptive practices during the attorney disciplinary 
process; and substantial experience in the practice of law.  The hearing judge also found 
the following mitigating factors: absence of prior discipline; absence of a dishonest or 
selfish motive; remorse; and unlikelihood of repetition of the misconduct. 
A.  
Aggravating Factors  
 
Of the four aggravating factors that the hearing judge found, Respondent argues that 
Petitioner proved by clear and convincing evidence only that he has substantial experience 
45 
 
in the practice of law.  As to the others, Respondent excepts to the hearing judge’s 
conclusions. 
 
As we have held above, Respondent violated multiple MARPCs.  He did not 
measure up to the high ethical standards by which all Maryland attorneys are expected to 
abide.  So, we find clear and convincing evidence that Respondent’s multiple violations of 
the rules of professional conduct are aggravating factors.  Likewise, we agree there is clear 
and convincing evidence of a pattern of misconduct.  Not only on one, but on two occasions 
Respondent submitted knowingly false statements to the court about witness testimony: in 
the June 18 motion and in the Habeas Petition.  We also must consider Respondent’s 
statements about Judges Alban and Wachs that were made with reckless disregard as to 
their truth or falsity.  “A pattern of misconduct can be demonstrated ‘by multiple violations 
over time[.]’”  Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Taniform, 482 Md. 272, 301 (2022) (quoting 
Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Sperling, 459 Md. 194, 276 (2018)).  Although Respondent 
argues that he was pursuing justice for Ms. Lemons, the egregious misconduct continued 
well after Ms. Lemons’ case ended.  His statements about Judges Alban and Wachs in the 
flyer were made more than six months after Ms. Lemons pleaded guilty.31 
“We afford great deference to these determinations ‘because it is the trier of fact, 
and not the appellate court, that possesses a better opportunity to view the evidence 
 
31 Although the hearing judge found that Respondent engaged in sanctionable 
practices during the attorney disciplinary process and flatly rejected Respondent’s 
testimony that he did not know about the no-contact order prior to July 28, 2020, 
concluding that his explanations were “inconsistent . . . and evolving[,]” we give no weight 
to this finding since we have determined that Respondent did not violate Rules 1.1 and 1.2 
with respect to that conduct. 
46 
 
presented first-hand, including the demeanor-based evidence of the witnesses, which 
weighs on their credibility.’”  White, 480 Md. at 387 (quoting State v. Manion, 442 Md. 
419 (2015)).  Thus, not only because we afford the hearing judge great deference, we also 
find clear and convincing evidence that the Commission met its burden as to the 
aggravating factors and overrule Respondent’s objections.  Respondent engaged in a 
pattern of misconduct, had multiple violations of the rules of professional conduct, and has 
substantial experience in the practice of law. 
B.  
Mitigating Factors 
 
For the following reasons, we conclude that Respondent has shown by a 
preponderance of the evidence the mitigating factors found by the hearing judge.  
 
Respondent has no prior record of attorney discipline.  Accordingly, that mitigating 
factor is established.  In addition, throughout his testimony, Respondent showed remorse 
and showed that what he did was not for dishonest or selfish motives.  Respondent 
consistently expressed that he simply wanted to see his client get the justice he believed 
that she deserved.  Thus, we agree with the hearing judge that Petitioner proved by a 
preponderance of the evidence the mitigating factors of both absence of a dishonest or 
selfish motive and remorse.  
 
Similarly, when recounting the statements he made about the three judges, 
Respondent testified that he would not do it again.  Likewise, in the aftermath of the 
Lemons matter, Respondent reflected on his actions, vowing not to let anything of the like 
happen again.  Accordingly, we agree that Respondent has proven by a preponderance of 
the evidence the mitigating factor of an unlikelihood of repeating this misconduct. 
47 
 
 
In addition to the four mitigating factors found by the hearing judge, Respondent 
also asks us to hold that the following mitigating factors apply to him: personal and 
emotional problems; remedial actions; full and free disclosure to the disciplinary board; 
and character and reputation.  We agree with him as to his remedial actions and cooperation 
with Bar Counsel but overrule his exceptions as to the others.   
 
First, Respondent claims that during the Lemons matter, he and his wife were 
separated, and he was temporarily living in his office.  However, the record does not clearly 
provide evidence of this as a mitigating factor.  Respondent did not present any testimony 
as to how his separation affected his work, and the timeframe for this testimony seems to 
fall outside the scope of his representation of Ms. Lemons.  Thus, he has not provided 
mitigation to this extent by a preponderance of the evidence. 
Second, as to the character and reputation mitigating factor, we also do not agree 
that factor is applicable.  At the hearing, Respondent failed to present any character 
witnesses, nor evidence of his good character.  He “forgot to ask other attorneys whether 
they would come and testify on [his] behalf, [regarding his] character [and] reputation in 
the community.”  Thus, without any evidence in the record as to Respondent’s character, 
we cannot hold that this mitigating factor applies.    
Regarding remedial actions, we agree with Respondent that this factor applies.  In 
her findings, the hearing judge observed that Respondent “credibly testified to the remedial 
actions he has already taken.”  Notably, he no longer handles circuit court cases or felonies, 
and he is currently employed by the St. Mary’s County Office of the Public Defender, 
48 
 
handling District Court matters only.  Thus, we agree that this mitigating factor has been 
proven by a preponderance of the evidence.    
Finally, we agree with Respondent that he has proven by a preponderance of the 
evidence his full and free disclosure to Bar Counsel during the disciplinary process.  The 
hearing judge did not make any findings regarding this mitigating factor.  Bar Counsel also 
does not address this factor in its Recommendation for Sanction; rather, it “recognizes the 
mitigation found by the hearing judge[.]”  At the disciplinary hearing, regarding the 
applicability of various mitigating factors, Respondent testified: 
Full and free disclosure to the disciplinary board or a cooperative 
attitude towards proceedings.  I have been nothing but cooperative.  I have 
in many ways bent over backwards.  The detective, he lives in Hartford 
County.  When his attorney notified me that he lived in Hartford County, he 
had a medical appointment with his son.  I immediately told him, I am fine 
with remote and I’m fine with working around his schedule. 
 
Glenn Neubauer, instead of insisting that he be here today, I said, he 
can be released as long as I’m able to recall him and it can be remote.  I have 
bent over backwards.  (Unintelligible - 4:42:57.)  I have done everything to 
make this easier.  I sent everything the bar asked for.  I sent to them.  Tried 
to send in somewhat of an, as organized fashion as I could.  You’ve heard no 
complaints about that. 
 
You’ve heard nothing about lack of cooperation, or lack of full and 
free disclosure.  At the deposition when asked about the Judge Watts thing, 
I came forward and, I brought up on my own about my error with the, the 
habeas just as I did today.  I very easily could have just brushed that over and 
not said a thing.  I would never do that though. 
 
(All sic in original). 
Respondent’s testimony regarding, and exception for, this mitigating factor is well 
taken.  Respondent has put forth sufficient evidence—and Bar Counsel does not 
49 
 
challenge32—Respondent’s cooperative attitude toward Bar Counsel’s investigation.  Thus, 
Respondent has established by a preponderance of the evidence this mitigating factor. 
VII 
THE SANCTION 
 
Bar Counsel recommends that we suspend Respondent indefinitely, but with the 
right to apply for reinstatement in one year.  Respondent, however, asks that this Court 
dismiss the charges against him.  We believe the appropriate sanction to impose is an 
indefinite suspension with the right to apply for reinstatement six months after the 
beginning of the period of suspension. 
 
The purpose of sanctions in attorney disciplinary proceedings is to “promote both 
general and specific deterrence and safeguard the public and its confidence in the legal 
 
32 Indeed, when asked by Bar Counsel whether Petitioner would “change anything 
about [his] communications with [B]ar [C]ounsel in this case; in State v. Lemons[,]” 
Respondent answered with the following: 
 
Obviously.  I had sent emails to Ms. Lawless.  I, I sent an email asking 
her about the flyer, whether it’s okay to publish, never heard back.  I wouldn’t 
have done that because I wouldn’t have published the flyer, and I should have 
known not to expect answers.  No, I, I don’t remember the details of every 
email, but I do remember I was incredibly cooperative.  When I was sent 
requests, I either immediately replied or sent the reply that I received this and 
I will get to it, yada, yada, so I was very attentive to them. 
At one point, when I was expecting to be in the mountains for a couple 
months, I sent an email to Mr. Blow, I believe it was, that I was going to be 
out of touch for two months, and I wouldn’t be able to respond to any emails.  
No, I believe my emails in this case, unless you can -- want to ask me 
about something specific, were, overall, professional, cooperative, providing 
all the information, plus more.  If you want to ask me about something 
specific, maybe that answer would change if you showed me something that 
you had in mind. 
 
(Emphases added).  Bar Counsel had no further questions in response. 
50 
 
profession.”  White, 480 Md. at 390 (citing Att’y Grievance Comm’n v. Bonner, 477 Md. 
576, 607 (2022)).  It is not to punish attorneys, nor to be retributive.  Id. (citing Keating, 
471 Md. at 651).  “In determining the appropriate sanction for an attorney, ‘we consider 
the facts and circumstances of each case and order a sanction that is commensurate with 
the nature and gravity of the violations and the intent with which they were committed.’”  
Parris, 482 Md. at 598–99 (some internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting Att’y 
Grievance Comm’n v. Edwards, 462 Md. 642, 712 (2019)).  Included in our review of the 
facts and circumstances is the evaluation of any mitigating and aggravating factors.  Id. at 
599 (citations omitted). 
 
We first observe that Respondent’s actions, in part, are similar to the ones found in 
Keating.  In Keating, the attorney was vehemently committed to the client, to the point 
where the attorney’s “professional judgement and ethical obligations” became clouded.  
471 Md. at 655.  The attorney submitted a “will with a knowingly false witness attestation” 
for probate to the Register of Wills.  Id. at 636, 656.  Accordingly, this Court found that 
the attorney’s knowingly false statements and “criminal and fraudulent” submission of the 
will violated Rules 8.4(a)–(d).  Id. at 650.   
In violating the Rules, however, we found that the attorney acted “without selfish 
motivation and took action to try and mitigate” any future problems.  Id.  And based on the 
circumstances, she was “unlikely” to repeat the misconduct.  Id.  These mitigating factors 
balanced “with the serious violations of dishonesty before a tribunal” warranted an 
indefinite suspension, with the right to apply for reinstatement in six months.  Id. at 654. 
51 
 
Like Keating, Respondent committed serious violations with respect to his 
professional obligations while representing Ms. Lemons.  He submitted two documents to 
the court that contained knowingly false statements.  This misconduct occurred because of 
Respondent’s ill-advised actions to prove Ms. Lemons’ innocence, although he acted 
without selfish or dishonest motives in representing Ms. Lemons and even expressed 
remorse about his actions in zealously doing so.33   
Unlike Keating, however, we recognize that Respondent also engaged in conduct 
that occurred after the Lemons case had concluded.  Respondent made multiple statements 
about two judges with reckless disregard as to their truth or falsity.  Moreover, he impugned 
their character.  Respondent acknowledges that these statements were inappropriate, and 
that he would not, given the opportunity, repeat this conduct.  Respondent has taken 
remedial actions to prevent this type of conduct from happening again by limiting his 
practice to District Court cases.  The conduct that led to these violations occurred after a 
long legal career during which he has not had any other disciplinary proceedings brought 
against him. 
For all of the reasons above, Respondent’s conduct in addition to the relevant 
aggravating and mitigating factors warrants an indefinite suspension, with the right to apply 
for reinstatement after six months from the beginning of the period of suspension.   
 
33 In saying this, however, we do not intend to caution against attorneys advocating 
zealously for their clients.  Instead, we merely note that zealous advocacy can, at times, 
cause unintended consequences.  Lawyers should not let their commitment to their client(s) 
cloud their professional judgment and impinge on their ethical obligations.  See Keating, 
471 Md. at 655. 
52 
 
IT IS SO ORDERED; RESPONDENT SHALL 
PAY ALL COSTS AS TAXED BY THE CLERK 
OF THIS COURT, INCLUDING COSTS OF ALL 
TRANSCRIPTS, PURSUANT TO MARYLAND 
RULE 
19-709(d), 
FOR 
WHICH 
SUM 
JUDGMENT IS ENTERED IN FAVOR OF THE 
ATTORNEY 
GRIEVANCE 
COMMISSION 
AGAINST ASHER NEWTON WEINBERG.