Case Title: In re Jesse B.

Citation: 

Docket Number: 2017 ME 90

State: maine

Court: Maine Supreme Court

Date: 2017-05-09T00:00:00Z

Document:
MAINE SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT 
Reporter of Decisions 
Decision: 
2017 ME 90 
Docket: 
Pen-16-519 
Submitted 
On Briefs: April 27, 2017 
Decided: 
May 9, 2017 
 
Panel: 
SAUFLEY, C.J., and ALEXANDER, MEAD, GORMAN, JABAR, HJELM, and HUMPHREY, JJ. 
 
 
IN RE JESSE B. 
 
HJELM, J. 
 
[¶1]  The parents of Jesse B. appeal from a judgment of the District 
Court (Bangor, Jordan, J.) terminating their parental rights to Jesse pursuant to 
22 M.R.S. § 4055(1)(A)(1)(a) and (B)(2) (2016).  Both parents challenge the 
sufficiency of the evidence to support the court’s findings of parental 
unfitness, and the mother also challenges the court’s discretionary 
determination of the child’s best interest.  We affirm the judgment. 
 
[¶2]  Contrary to the parents’ contentions, there is competent evidence 
in the record to support the court’s findings, by clear and convincing evidence, 
that the parents are unwilling or unable to protect the child from jeopardy or 
take responsibility for the child within a time reasonably calculated to meet 
the child’s needs.  See 22 M.R.S. § 4055(1)(B)(2)(b)(i)-(ii); In re Logan M., 
2017 ME 23, ¶¶ 2-3, 155 A.3d 430.  That evidence, described in the court’s 
thorough decision, included the following. 
 
2 
 
[¶3]  The child, who was nearly three years old at the time of the 
termination hearing, suffers from chronic, severe medical conditions causing a 
number of developmental delays.  His conditions include a missing corpus 
callosum—a band of nerve fibers that would normally connect the two halves 
of his brain—which diminishes some of his intellectual functions; an 
underdevelopment of the optic nerve that makes it difficult for him to learn 
language and may prevent him from reading; spastic quadriparesis, a type of 
cerebral palsy affecting both sides of his body, which results in muscle rigidity 
and impaired mobility; and an atrial septal defect, which is a hole between the 
upper two chambers of his heart.  He is also being monitored for hormonal 
and urological issues.   
[¶4]  Because of his conditions, the child requires regular treatment and 
monitoring by a team of more than ten educational specialists and medical 
providers.  The child also requires an unusually high degree of competence 
and engagement by his caretakers, who must provide in-home treatment and 
accurately inform the child’s specialists and providers about his progress.  The 
failure to ensure that the child attends close to 100 percent of his 
appointments would pose a serious risk that the child would regress and 
suffer additional medical issues, as demonstrated by the following: 
 
3 
• The child’s developmental pediatrician testified that if the child does not 
receive consistent physical therapy his joints may become “frozen” in 
place, negatively affecting his mobility—a condition that could only be 
corrected with surgery, if at all; and that if the child does not “get 
regular care” his doctors “may miss some medical complications that 
could certainly impair [his] quality of life” and that his development 
“would at best plateau” and may decline. 
 
• The child’s speech therapist testified that if the child does not 
consistently attend appointments there would be “safety concerns” 
because the child might be unable to comprehend verbal warnings 
about dangerous situations.   
 
• The child’s neurologist testified that the failure to follow through with 
the child’s speech therapy could cause him to become frustrated and 
aggressive due to challenges with communication, and that the 
frustration could become so severe that he might need to be sedated 
with an anti-psychotic medication.   
 
• The child’s pediatric endocrinologist testified that if the child’s hormone 
levels are not regularly monitored they may become imbalanced to a 
degree that could be fatal.   
 
[¶5]  Despite receiving information about the child’s appointment 
schedule and the crucial importance that he receive consistent treatment, the 
parents attended only approximately 50-60 percent of the child’s 
appointments during the pendency of these proceedings.  In February 2016, 
more than two years after the child had been placed in foster care, the father 
told a psychologist that he had “no clue” about the child’s appointment 
schedule because the mother usually kept track of it.  There was evidence that 
when the parents did attend medical appointments they were actively 
 
4 
engaged and asked appropriate questions.  As the trial court found, however, 
the parents’ overall 50-60 percent attendance rate was grossly inadequate 
given the child’s severe health issues.  The parents’ failure to reliably attend 
nearly all of the child’s appointments was sufficient, standing alone, to 
support the court’s ultimate finding of two grounds of parental unfitness.  See 
22 M.R.S. § 4055(1)(B)(2)(b)(i)-(ii); In re I.R., 2015 ME 93, ¶ 11, 120 A.3d 119.  
[¶6]  The court’s finding of parental unfitness was further supported by 
evidence that both parents use marijuana at least once a day to cope with 
anxiety and depression, that they have no intention to modify their behavior 
and have not consistently engaged in therapy and substance abuse treatment, 
and that their marijuana use reduces their motivation and ability to attend to 
the child’s substantial needs.   
[¶7]  As the father argues, his court ordered diagnostic evaluation did 
“not reflect a formal substance abuse diagnosis,” but that evaluation also 
states that the father has “chronic and pervasive” mental health and substance 
abuse problems that “limit his ability to mobilize motivation to change,” 
“perceive and understand reunification goals,” and “integrate information.”  
The psychologist who administered the evaluation testified that the father’s 
substance abuse issues pose a serious risk to the child, in part because 
 
5 
marijuana “affects motivation,” impairs cognition, and diminishes a person’s 
ability to “focus[] and stay[] on track.”  Finally, a licensed clinical social 
worker’s 2013 assessment of the father stated that the father relied on 
marijuana to “self-medicate” and recommended substance abuse treatment, 
which the father never completed. 
[¶8]  Based on this evidence, the court did not err by finding that the 
parents’ marijuana use had an adverse effect on their ability to care for the 
child and was therefore a factor supporting the termination of their parental 
rights.  See 22 M.R.S. § 4055(1)(B)(2)(b)(i)-(ii); In re Logan M., 2017 ME 23, 
¶ 3, 155 A.3d 430. 
[¶9]  The child has made hard-earned developmental gains since being 
placed in foster care, largely because of the foster parents’ diligence and 
dedication to the child’s treatment.  The child’s foster parents wish to adopt 
him.    
[¶10]  In sum, although it is clear that the parents love the child, given 
the child’s extraordinary medical needs and the parents’ failure to reliably 
meet those needs, the court did not err by determining that the parents were 
unwilling or unable to take responsibility for the child or to protect him from 
jeopardy within a time reasonably calculated to meet his needs.  See 22 M.R.S. 
 
6 
§ 4055(1)(B)(2)(b)(i)-(ii); In re I.R., 2015 ME 93, ¶ 11, 120 A.3d 119; In re 
A.H., 2013 ME 85, ¶ 15, 77 A.3d 1012.  The court also did not err or abuse its 
discretion by determining that the best interest of the child is to be placed in a 
permanent, adoptive home where he will receive the type of “consistent, 
thoughtful and loving care being provided by his current placement.”  See 
22 M.R.S. § 4055(1)(B)(2)(a); In re Logan M., 2017 ME 23, ¶ 5, 155 A.3d 430; 
In re I.R., 2015 ME 93, ¶ 11, 120 A.3d 119. 
 
The entry is: 
Judgment affirmed. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aaron M. Frey, Esq., Bangor, for appellant father 
 
Christopher D. Smith, Esq., Law Office of Christopher D. Smith, Esq., Dexter, for 
appellant mother 
 
Janet T. Mills, Attorney General, and Meghan Szylvian, Asst. Atty. Gen., Office of 
the Attorney General, Augusta, for appellee Department of Health and Human 
Services 
 
 
Bangor District Court docket number PC-2013-122 
FOR CLERK REFERENCE ONLY