Case Title: Brinson v. Old Republic Life Insurance Company

Citation: 100 S.E.2d 246, 247 N.C. 85

Docket Number: 

State: north-carolina

Court: North Carolina Supreme Court

Date: 1957-10-30T00:00:00Z

Document:
100 S.E.2d 246 (1957)
247 N.C. 85
Edmond BRINSON
v.
OLD REPUBLIC LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.
No. 166.

Supreme Court of North Carolina.
October 30, 1957.
*247 Grady Mercer, Kenansville, for plaintiff-appellant.
Vance B. Gavin, Kenansville, for defendant-appellee.
HIGGINS, Justice.
The evidence, in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, permits the inference (1) that his left eye was injured in a fall from a truckload of stumps; (2) because of the injury he is blind in the injured eye to the extent he cannot distinguish objects or colors, or tell the difference between day and night, though he can perceive some movement to the side and discover there is a little light when the sun is shining; (3) that the condition is permanent.
The foregoing seems to be a fair summary of the plaintiff's evidence, both on direct and cross-examination. His statement that he is totally blind in his left eye is explained by his details as to his ability to distinguish a little light when the sun is shining. Does the evidence make out a case for the jury?
"The general rule is that the insured need not be totally blind but that if the insured has lost all practical use of his eyes, he is entitled to recover, although he may still have slight vision such as ability to distinguish between daylight and darkness." Vance on Insurance, 3rd ed., Sec. 193, p. 992. "Provisions in accident policies for the payment of a specified indemnity for loss of sight are liberally construed in favor of the insured, and within such provisions there is an entire loss of sight, although sight is not completely destroyed, if what sight is left is of no practical use or benefit." 45 C.J.S. Insurance § 900, p. 988.
In the case of Tracey v. Standard Acc. Ins. Co., 119 Me. 131, 109 A. 490, 494, 9 A.L.R. 521, the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine, in a well-considered opinion construing a policy similar to the one involved here, announced the following rule:
In the case of Continental Casualty Co. v. Linn, 226 Ky. 328, 10 S.W.2d 1079, 1082, the Court of Appeals of Kentucky, in construing *248 a policy similar to the one involved here, said:
To the foregoing authorities may be added the following: Mulcahey v. Brotherhood of Ry. Trainmen, 229 Mo.App. 610, 79 S.W.2d 759; Locomotive Engineer's Mutual Life & Acc. Ins. Co. v. Meeks, 157 Miss. 97, 127 So. 699; International Travelers Ass'n v. Rogers, Tex.Civ.App., 163 S.W. 421; Watkins v. U. S. Casualty Co., 141 Tenn. 583, 214 S.W. 78; Bosworth v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 114 W.Va. 663, 173 S.E. 780.
"We believe the true rule should be that where, as here, the employee has lost all practical use of an eye, which practical use cannot be restored * * * such amounts in effect to the loss of the eye." Bilsky v. Mutual Ben. Health & Accident Ass'n, 182 Misc. 122, 49 N.Y.S.2d 848, 851, affirmed 268 App.Div. 973, 52 N.Y.S.2d 576, appeal denied 268 App.Div. 1026, 53 N.Y.S.2d 307.
The appellee seeks to sustain the nonsuit upon the authority of Bolich v. Provident Life & Acc. Ins. Co., 205 N.C. 43, 169 S.E. 826, 827. In that case the plaintiff testified: "I cannot see to read with my right eye (the injured member) * * * I can see large objects close to me, but I cannot look at any ordinary object through my right eye for any length of time. The object will blur, but by continually batting my eyes, I can see the object. * * * The sight of my right eye is not entirely gone." In ordering a new trial, this Court said: "There was no evidence tending to show that the bodily injury sustained by the plaintiff resulted in the loss of an eye which resulted in the irrevocable loss of the entire sight thereof."
In this case the plaintiff testified he is totally blind in his injured eye, though he later qualified the statement by saying he could perceive a little light in bright sunshine. His doctor testified: "In my opinion the injury received from the fall caused blindness in his left eye. * * * I believe the condition in his left eye will be total and permanent."
The case at bar and the Bolich case are, therefore, readily distinguishable. We think the entire sight of an eye is lost when neither objects, nor forms, nor colors can be distinguished in strong light, although sufficient perception remains to disclose "a little light when the sun is shining." In practical effect, loss of sight is not rendered less complete by reason of ability to perceive no more than a flicker of light in a bright sun. The plaintiff's evidence was sufficient to entitle him to have the jury pass on it.
Reversed.