Case Title: State ex rel. Hammons v. Chisholm

Citation: 2003-Ohio-4125

Docket Number: 

State: ohio

Court: Ohio Supreme Court

Date: 2003-08-20T00:00:00Z

Document:
[Cite as State ex rel. Hammons v. Chisholm, 99 Ohio St.3d 405, 2003-Ohio-4125.] 
 
 
[THE STATE EX REL.] HAMMONS, APPELLANT, v. CHISHOLM ET AL., 
APPELLEES. 
[Cite as State ex rel. Hammons v. Chisholm, 99 Ohio St.3d 405, 2003-Ohio-
4125.] 
Public records — Mandamus sought to compel the Ohio Department of Health 
et al. to provide relator with copies of her daughter’s original birth 
certificate and acknowledgement of paternity affidavits on file for her 
daughter under two different names — Court of appeals’ dismissal of 
complaint affirmed. 
(No. 2003-0018 — Submitted June 3, 2003 — Decided August 20, 2003.) 
APPEAL from the Court of Appeals for Cuyahoga County, No. 81389, 150 Ohio 
App.3d 252, 2002-Ohio-6337. 
__________________ 
 
Per Curiam. 
{¶1} 
On July 1, 1988, appellant, Allecia I. Hammons (“Hammons”), 
gave birth to Allecia Helen Hammons.  The birth certificate listed George A. 
Chisholm Jr. (“Chisholm”) as the child’s father. 
{¶2} 
In March 1990, the Cuyahoga County Probate Court entered a 
judgment finding that Hammons and Chisholm were the child’s natural parents, 
ordering that the child be known as their child as though born in lawful wedlock, 
and changing the child’s name to Allecia Helen Chisholm.  A new birth certificate 
was issued reflecting the child’s name change. 
{¶3} 
In August 2001, Hammons requested that the Ohio Department of 
Health (“ODH”) provide her with copies of her daughter’s original birth 
certificate and Chisholm’s acknowledgment-of-paternity affidavit for her child 
under the name of Allecia Helen Hammons.  ODH denied Hammons’s request for 
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the birth record and advised her that there was no acknowledgment of paternity on 
file for Allecia Helen Hammons.  Hammons alleged that ODH had also denied 
her request for a letter verifying that there was no affidavit. 
{¶4} 
Following ODH’s refusals, Hammons filed a complaint in the 
court of appeals for a writ of mandamus to compel appellees, ODH, Cuyahoga 
County Child Support Enforcement Agency (“Cuyahoga County CSEA”), and 
Chisholm, to provide her with her daughter’s original birth records and 
acknowledgment of paternity affidavits on file for her daughter under the names 
of Allecia Helen Hammons and Allecia Helen Chisholm.  Hammons claimed 
entitlement to these records under the Ohio Public Records Act, R.C. 149.43 et 
seq. 
{¶5} 
ODH and Cuyahoga County CSEA moved to dismiss Hammons’s 
complaint.  In November 2002, the court of appeals granted the motions and 
dismissed the complaint. 
{¶6} 
Hammons seeks a writ of mandamus to compel appellees to 
provide her with access to the requested records.  Mandamus is the appropriate 
remedy to compel compliance with R.C. 149.43.  State ex rel. Cincinnati 
Enquirer v. Krings (2001), 93 Ohio St.3d 654, 657, 758 N.E.2d 1135. 
{¶7} 
As the court of appeals correctly held, however, the original birth 
records requested by Hammons are not public records.  Under R.C. 
149.43(A)(1)(v), public records do not include “[r]ecords the release of which is 
prohibited by state or federal law.” 
{¶8} 
R.C. 3705.09(G) prohibits the release of Hammons’s daughter’s 
original birth records following a new declaration of paternity: 
{¶9} 
“When a man is presumed, found, or declared to be the father of a 
child * * * or the father has acknowledged the child as his child in an 
acknowledgment of paternity, and the acknowledgment has become final * * * 
and documentary evidence of such fact is submitted to the department of health in 
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such form as the director may require, a new birth record shall be issued by the 
department * * * . * * * Upon the issuance of such new birth record, the original 
birth record shall cease to be a public record.  Except as provided in division (C) 
of section 3705.091 of the Revised Code, the original record and any 
documentary evidence supporting the new registration of birth shall be placed in 
an envelope which shall be sealed by the department and shall not be open to 
inspection or copy unless so ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction. 
{¶10} “* * * All copies of the original birth record in the possession of 
the local registrar or the probate court, as well as any and all index references to 
it, shall be destroyed.”  (Emphasis added.) 
{¶11} Therefore, based on the plain language of R.C. 3705.09(G), 
Hammons was not entitled to a writ of mandamus to compel appellees to provide 
access to her daughter’s original birth records. 
{¶12} Hammons also requests access to any acknowledgment-of-
paternity affidavits of Chisholm under either of her daughter’s last names, Allecia 
Helen Hammons or Allecia Helen Chisholm.  These affidavits are expressly 
excepted from the birth-records exemption by R.C. 3705.091(B), which provides: 
{¶13} “The local registrar of vital statistics shall provide an 
acknowledgment of paternity affidavit * * * to any person that requests it.” 
{¶14} Therefore, unlike the original birth records requested by 
Hammons, acknowledgment-of-paternity affidavits are accessible to the public. 
{¶15} Hammons is, however, still not entitled to the requested affidavits, 
as she asserted in her complaint and briefs that these records do not exist.  And 
Hammons’s complaint fails to allege that she requested appellees to give her 
access to an acknowledgment-of-paternity affidavit under the name Allecia Helen 
Chisholm.  “ ‘R.C. 149.43[C] requires a prior request as a prerequisite to a 
mandamus action’ ”  State ex rel. Citizens for Environmental Justice v. Campbell 
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(2001), 93 Ohio St.3d 585, 586, 757 N.E.2d 366, quoting State ex rel. Taxpayers 
Coalition v. Lakewood (1999), 86 Ohio St.3d 385, 390, 715 N.E.2d 179. 
{¶16} Moreover, although Hammons named Cuyahoga County CSEA 
and Chisholm as respondents in her mandamus complaint, neither of these 
appellees has custody of the requested records, and Chisholm does not hold a 
public office subject to R.C. 149.43. 
{¶17} Finally, to the extent that Hammons in her complaint requested a 
“Rating Decision” regarding a pending claim, she alleged nothing that would 
entitle her to such a decision. 
{¶18} Therefore, the court of appeals did not err in dismissing the cause.  
Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the court of appeals.1 
Judgment affirmed. 
 
MOYER, C.J., RESNICK, F.E. SWEENEY, PFEIFER and O’CONNOR, JJ., 
concur. 
 
LUNDBERG STRATTON, J., concurs and concurs separately. 
 
O’DONNELL, J., not participating. 
__________________ 
 
Lundberg Stratton, J., concurring. 
{¶19} I concur with dismissal of this case.  Appellant Allecia I. 
Hammons based her request for her daughter’s original birth certificate upon the 
Ohio Public Records Act, R.C. 149.43 et seq.  The document, however, is no 
longer a public record subject to disclosure under the Act.  R.C. 3705.09(G). 
{¶20} Nevertheless, R.C. 3705.09(G) also provides that the sealed 
documents “shall not be open to inspection or copy unless so ordered by a court 
of competent jurisdiction.”  Therefore,  a person may obtain a court order for the 
                                                 
1  Hammons also raises claims that we need not consider because they were not included in her 
complaint and were not argued before the court of appeals.  See State ex rel. Massie v. Gahanna-
Jefferson Pub. Schools Bd. of Edn. (1996), 76 Ohio St.3d 584, 589, 669 N.E.2d 839. 
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release of the sealed records.  I believe that a biological parent whose paternal 
rights have not been terminated should have the means to seek the release of his 
or her child’s original birth records for good cause.  In this case, although the 
original birth records are not subject to a public records request, the appellant may 
be able to obtain the birth certificate via court order. 
__________________ 
 
Allecia I. Hammons, pro se. 
 
Jim Petro, Attorney General, and Bobbi-Lynn Jacobs, Assistant Attorney 
General, for appellee Ohio Department of Health. 
 
William D. Mason, Cuyahoga County Prosecuting Attorney, and Rosalina 
M. Fini, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee Cuyahoga County Child 
Support Enforcement Agency. 
__________________