Case Title: North Dakota v. Nelson

Citation: 2019 ND 204

Docket Number: 20180406

State: north-dakota

Court: North Dakota Supreme Court

Date: 2019-07-30T00:00:00Z

Document:
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Smith 1'1:G 'LVWULFWFRXUWVDUH³DOORZHGWKHZLGHVWUDQJHRI GLVFUHWLRQLQIL[LQJDFULPLQDOVHQWHQFH´ Id.,IWKHWHUPRILPSULVRQPHQWLVZLWKLQ WKHUDQJHDXWKRUL]HGE\VWDWXWHWKLV&RXUWKDVQRSRZHUWRUHYLHZWKHVHQWHQFLQJ FRXUW¶VGLVFUHWLRQId.*HQHUDOO\DSSHOODWHUHYLHZRIDFULPLQDOVWDWXWHLV³FRQILQHG WRZKHWKHUWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWDFWHGZLWKLQWKHVHQWHQFLQJOLPLWVSUHVFULEHGE\VWDWXWH RU VXEVWDQWLDOO\ UHOLHG XSRQ DQ LPSHUPLVVLEOH IDFWRU´  Id.  +RZHYHU VWDWXWRU\ LQWHUSUHWDWLRQLVDTXHVWLRQRIODZIXOO\UHYLHZDEOHRQDSSHDOId. ³:RUGVRIDVWDWXWH  DUHJLYHQWKHLUSODLQRUGLQDU\DQGFRPPRQO\XQGHUVWRRGPHDQLQJXQOHVVDFRQWUDU\ LQWHQWLRQSODLQO\DSSHDUV´State v. Rufus1'1:G >@ 7KH GLVWULFW FRXUW IRXQG 1HOVRQ¶V FRPSOHWHG  GHIHUUHG LPSRVLWLRQ RI VHQWHQFHZDVDFRQYLFWLRQRUJXLOW\SOHDVXIILFLHQWWRWULJJHUWKHPDQGDWRU\PLQLPXP VHQWHQFHXQGHU1'&&   D 6XEVHTXHQWWRWKHFRXUW¶VLPSRVLWLRQ RIVHQWHQFHLQWKLVFDVHDQGZKLOH1HOVRQ¶VDSSHDOZDVSHQGLQJWKLV&RXUWGHFLGHG State v. Overholt 1',QOverholtZHGHWHUPLQHGZKLOHWKHXQGHUO\LQJ FULPLQDORIIHQVHFRXOGEHSOHDGDQGSURYHGE\WKH6WDWHLQWKHFRQWH[WRIDSUREDWLRQ YLRODWLRQUHIHUHQFHWRWKHGLVPLVVHGSURFHHGLQJVE\LWVHOIZDVLQVXIILFLHQWWRVXSSRUW DPRGLILFDWLRQRIWKHGHIHQGDQW¶VVHQWHQFH IdDW > @ 2YHUKROWLQYROYHGDXQLTXHIDFWXDOVFHQDULRFRQFHUQLQJWZRJXLOW\SOHDVWR VHSDUDWHFULPHVState v. Overholt 1',QHDFKFDVHWKHGLVWULFW FRXUWHQWHUHGDQRUGHUGHIHUULQJLPSRVLWLRQRIVHQWHQFHId.7KH6WDWHDWWHPSWHGWR PRGLI\WKHRUGHUGHIHUULQJLPSRVLWLRQRIVHQWHQFHLQWKHILUVWFDVHE\FLWLQJWKHVHFRQG FDVHZKLFKKDGDOUHDG\EHHQGLVPLVVHGDOPRVWWZRPRQWKVHDUOLHUId. DW 7KH 6WDWHGLGQRWSURYLGHDQ\IDFWXDOLQIRUPDWLRQUHJDUGLQJWKHGLVPLVVHGFDVHDVLGHIURP WKHFULPLQDOILOHQXPEHUWKHGDWHVRIWKHRIIHQVHDQGWKHJXLOW\SOHDId.DW 7KLV&RXUWKHOGWKDWPRUHIDFWXDOLQIRUPDWLRQZDVUHTXLUHGWRSURYHWKHGHIHQGDQW YLRODWHGKLVSUREDWLRQFRQGLWLRQVId. DWOverholtGLGQRWGLUHFWO\DGGUHVV ZKHWKHUDSUHYLRXVO\GLVPLVVHGFRQYLFWLRQPD\EHUHOLHGXSRQIRUHQKDQFHPHQWRID VHQWHQFH >@ +HUHWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWIRXQG1HOVRQ¶VFRQYLFWLRQZKHUHVKHZDVJLYHQD GHIHUUHGVHQWHQFHTXDOLILHGDVDFRQYLFWLRQRUJXLOW\SOHDVXIILFLHQWWRWULJJHUWKH PDQGDWRU\PLQLPXPVHQWHQFHXQGHU1'&&   D 3ULRUWR0DUFK  1'5&ULP3SURYLGHG $Q RUGHU GHIHUULQJ LPSRVLWLRQ RI VHQWHQFH IRU DQ LQIUDFWLRQ RU D PLVGHPHDQRUPXVWUHTXLUHWKDWGD\VDIWHUH[SLUDWLRQRUWHUPLQDWLRQ RISUREDWLRQ  D WKHGHIHQGDQW¶VJXLOW\SOHDEHZLWKGUDZQRUWKHJXLOW\YHUGLFWEHVHW DVLGH E WKHFDVHEHGLVPLVVHG DQG F WKHILOHEHVHDOHG 7KH FRXUW PD\ E\ RUGHU PRGLI\ DQ RUGHU GHIHUULQJ LPSRVLWLRQ RI VHQWHQFH QR ODWHU WKDQ  GD\V DIWHU H[SLUDWLRQ RU WHUPLQDWLRQ RI SUREDWLRQ ³8QGHUWKHUHTXLUHPHQWVRI1'5&ULP3DFDVHLVDXWRPDWLFDOO\GLVPLVVHG VL[W\RQHGD\VDIWHUDGHIHQGDQW¶VSUREDWLRQKDVHQGHGXQOHVVWKHFRXUWKDVRUGHUHG RWKHUZLVHEHIRUHWKDWGDWH´State v. 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