Case Title: State v. Smith

Citation: 438 S.E.2d 719

Docket Number: 247A92

State: north-carolina

Court: North Carolina Supreme Court

Date: 1994-01-28T00:00:00Z

Document:
438 S.E.2d 719 (1994)
STATE of North Carolina
v.
Roland Douglas SMITH.
No. 247A92.

Supreme Court of North Carolina.
January 28, 1994.
*720 Michael F. Easley, Atty. Gen. by John H. Watters, Sp. Deputy Atty. Gen., Garner, for the State.
Malcolm Ray Hunter, Jr., Appellate Defender, by Staples Hughes, Asst. Appellate Defender, Raleigh, for defendant-appellant.
WEBB, Justice.
The defendant first assigns error to the court's refusal to let his attorney make certain arguments to the jury. We believe this assignment of error has merit. The following occurred during the closing argument by the defendant's attorney:
It is apparent from the above that at certain places in the closing argument of the defendant's counsel, the court refused to let him argue to the jury the severity of the sentence for a conviction of first degree murder and to argue that the defendant was not guilty. A defendant's attorney in a jury trial may argue "the whole case as well of law as of fact[.]" N.C.G.S. § 84-14 (1985). He may also "on the basis of his analysis of the evidence, argue any position or conclusion with respect to a matter in issue." N.C.G.S. § 15A-1230(a) (1988). N.C.G.S. § 15-176.5 provides that in a capital case "either party in its argument to the jury may indicate the consequences of a verdict of guilty[.]"
It was error not to allow the defendant's attorney to argue these two parts of the case. The State contends it was not error to deny the defendant's attorney the right to argue the punishment that would result from a conviction, because the jury had been informed of the punishment by the court during jury selection and by the defendant's attorney in other parts of his argument. The State says the argument "was clearly an attempt by the defense to suggest to the jury that they should return a verdict of not guilty because the potential punishment was so severe." In State v. McMorris, 290 N.C. 286, 225 S.E.2d 553 (1976), we said that a defendant's attorney should not be permitted to argue that a defendant should be acquitted because of the severity of the punishment or to question the appropriateness of the punishment. We said it is proper for a defendant's attorney to advise the jury of the possible consequences following conviction "to encourage the jury to give the matter its close attention and to decide it only after due and careful consideration." Id. at 288, 225 S.E.2d  at 554. We believe the argument of the defendant's counsel is in the latter category. It does not question the appropriateness of the punishment or suggest that the defendant should be acquitted because of the severity of the punishment. It does encourage the jury to give careful consideration to the case because of the severity of the punishment. It was error not to let the defendant's attorney make the argument. See State v. Walters, 294 N.C. 311, 240 S.E.2d 628 (1978).
The State argues that the objection to the argument that a witness should be believed was sustained because the attorney was personally vouching for the credibility of the witness contrary to N.C.G.S. § 15A-1230(a). See also State v. Riddle, 311 N.C. 734, 319 S.E.2d 250 (1984). The State does not say why the defendant's attorney was vouching for the witness and we cannot see how he did so. The State also contends that the court did not err in sustaining the objections to this portion of the argument because the defendant's counsel misstated the law. Again, the State does not say how the attorney misstated the law and we do not see how he did so.
The State argues that if there was error in preventing the defendant's attorney from arguing these matters, the error was harmless because of the overwhelming evidence of the defendant's guilt. State v. Walters, 294 N.C. 311, 240 S.E.2d 628. We cannot hold that not allowing the defendant's attorney to argue that the defendant was not guilty in combination with the refusal to allow him to argue the severity of the punishment was harmless.
*722 We do not discuss the defendant's other assignments of error, as the questions they raise may not recur at a new trial.
NEW TRIAL.