Case Title: Wilson v. Cyrus

Citation: 178 Kan. 239, 284 P.2d 597

Docket Number: 39,764

State: kansas

Court: Kansas Supreme Court

Date: 1955-06-11T00:00:00Z

Document:
178 Kan. 239 (1955)
284 P.2d 597
MARGARET E. WILSON, Appellant,
v.
L.R. CYRUS, doing business under firm name of Cyrus Petroleum Truck Line, and THOMAS G. REDDINGTON and TRI-STATE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellees.
No. 39,764

Supreme Court of Kansas.
Opinion filed June 11, 1955.
A.L. Foster and Wm. K. Ong, both of Parsons, were on the briefs for the appellant.
J. Logan Shuss, of Parsons, argued the cause and was on the briefs for the appellees.
The opinion of the court was delivered by
PRICE, J.:
This is an appeal from an order striking an amended petition from the files.
The petition contained two causes of action. The first was to recover for personal injuries sustained by plaintiff when the vehicle in which she was riding, and which was owned and driven by her husband, was involved in a collision with a gasoline transport truck owned by defendant Cyrus and driven by defendant Reddington in a street intersection in the city of Parsons.
The second cause of action sought damages for and on behalf of her husband due to the impairment of her ability to perform domestic duties and services, under G.S. 1949, 23-205.
Paragraph 4 of the petition alleged:
The petition further alleged that when the car in which plaintiff was riding was about half way through the intersection it was struck by the truck as a result of which plaintiff sustained personal injuries, and right of recovery was based upon the doctrine of last clear chance. We are not concerned with specific allegations of negligence of the driver of the truck or of plaintiff's injuries.
Defendants filed a motion to make the petition more definite and certain in eleven particulars. We are concerned with only one ground of the motion, which was:
This ground of the motion was sustained.
Thereafter plaintiff filed an amended petition in which the words "was a passenger" were substituted for the words "was riding," in paragraph 4.
Defendants then filed a motion to strike the amended petition from the files on the ground that plaintiff had failed and refused to comply with the court's order.
This motion was sustained and plaintiff has appealed.
It is conceded that a motion to make a pleading more definite and certain is addressed to the sound discretion of the trial court and that its order will not be reversed in the absence of clear abuse of discretion (Clark v. Meyers, 173 Kan. 96, 244 P.2d 217), and that under proper circumstances a court is authorized to strike a pleading from the files (Fidelity Hail Ins. Co. v. Anderson, 172 Kan. 253, 239 P.2d 830).
*241 And so, the problem here really narrows down to the question whether substitution of the words "was a passenger," for the words "was riding," was a compliance with defendants' motion.
As we have already seen, the motion requested that plaintiff state specifically the "capacity" in which she was riding in the front seat of the car owned and driven by her husband. Defendants argue that the word "passenger" is a relative term and that it might mean any one of several things. In a sense that is correct, depending upon how used. Defendants rely upon what was said in In re Estate of Kerschen, 176 Kan. 226, 269 P.2d 1033. The case is not in point. There the action was against the estate of the deceased driver of the car in which the injured plaintiff was riding  in other words, it was an action by a passenger against the driver  and it was held that the mere allegation plaintiff "was riding in an automobile which was driven by the decedent" was insufficient. It is obvious that in that case the provisions of the guest statute (G.S. 1949, 8-122b) applied and plaintiff, in order to state a cause of action, was required to state the nature and status of the transportation, that is, whether he was a guest, a paid passenger, or just what the relationship between him and the driver was.
But here we have an entirely different situation. The first cause of action is a common-law action by an injured passenger against the driver and owner of the other vehicle. As between plaintiff and defendants there of course was no relationship of guest, paid passenger, trespasser, joint enterprise, or the like. Under the circumstances, we think the relationship of plaintiff and her driver, that is, the "capacity" in which she was riding, was purely a matter of defense, and that the substitution of the words "was a passenger," for the words "was riding," was a sufficient compliance with defendants' motion. In the Clark case, supra, it was held:
In view of what has been said the order of the trial court is reversed with directions to reinstate the amended petition.